CDP Stage 2 Appendix - D Building Services

D
SERVICES REPORT
D1
THEATRE
Tunbridge Wells Civic Development
Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
5
21 December 2016
Max Fordham LLP
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2 01/09/2016 Stage 2 Report (Energy section revised)
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MAX FORDHAM LLP TEAM CONTRIBUTORS

Engineer Role
Mark Nutley Senior Partner + HVAC design
Matt Oliver Project Leader
Hazel Selby Lighting Designer
John Bone Energy Strategy
Alexia Charisi Environmental Design
J:\J6112\Reports\Stage 2\Tunbridge Wells Civic Campus Stage 2 Theatre 21122016.docx

CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction 4
1.1 Context and site 4
1.2 Aims and objectives 4
1.3 Accompanying drawings 4
2.0 Auditorium Ventilation 5

2.1 Auditorium ventilation strategy 5
2.2 Under-seat air supplies - Examples 7
3.0 Lighting Design 8

3.1 Auditorium 8
3.2 Foyer and Bars 10
3.3 Lighting Design Values 12
4.0 Energy Strategy 13

4.1 Introduction 13
4.2 LZC Technologies 15
4.3 Feasibility Study 17
4.4 Life Cycle Assessment 19
4.5 Results Commentary 20
5.0 MEP Services Description 21

5.1 Mechanical 21
5.2 Electrical 26
5.3 Internal & External Design Conditions 31
5.4 Plant & Riser Requirement 32
6.0 Utilities and Site Services 34

6.1 Existing site services 34
6.2 Load assessment and proposed site services 34
6.3 Utility applications and diversion 34
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MEP Stage 2 Report
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The energy strategy has been considered and a feasibility study has been
1.1 Context and site produced to examine the most cost effective means of achieving the energy
targets.
Part of a new civic development in the centre of Tunbridge Wells, this new
theatre will be built on the site of an existing town centre car park. The main
aspects of the overarching civic development are: 1.3 Accompanying drawings
 New 1200 seat theatre The following drawings accompany this report to convey the intent of the
 New town hall comprising civic offices, council chambers, lettable Stage 2 MEP design:
office space, cafe
 New multi-storey below ground car park, integrated into the civic Drawing No. Drawing Title Current
office building Revision
 Public realm and landscaping around new buildings TH-A10-001 Theatre_Site Services - Existing A
TH-A10-002 Theatre_Site Services - Utility Diversions A
The site is located in Calverley Ground in the centre of the town, the new TH-A10-003 Theatre_Site Services - New A
development will be located adjacent to a large green space but also close to TH-S1-020 Theatre_Water Services Schematic A
the town centre amenities and train station. TH-T31-020 Theatre_Boiler Schematic A
TH-T31-021 Theatre_LTHW Schematic A
The new theatre will house a 1200 seat auditorium with ancillary spaces TH-T60-020 Theatre_Chilled Water Schematic A
including: TH-U10-020 Theatre_Ventilation Schematic A
TH-V20-020 Theatre_LV Distribution Electrical Schematic A
 Fly tower and back-stage areas TH-X1-500 Theatre_Lift Schedule A
 Foyers TH-Z-300 Theatre_Principal Risers A
 Bar TH-Z-301 Theatre_Plant Room Third Floor West A
 Dressing rooms and green room TH-Z-302 Theatre_Plant Room Third & Fourth Floor East A
 External terrace TH-Z10-099 Theatre_Plant & Services A
 Loading bay Distribution_Basement
 Plant space and AV rooms TH-Z10-100 Theatre_Plant & Services Distribution_Ground A
Floor
The project will be assessed under the Building Research Establishment TH-Z10-101 Theatre_Plant & Services Distribution_First A
Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM), the client has set the target of Floor
“Very Good” for this project. TH-Z10-102 Theatre_Plant & Services Distribution_Second A
Floor
TH-Z10-103 Theatre_Plant & Services Distribution_Third A
Floor
1.2 Aims and objectives TH-Z10-104 Theatre_Plant & Services Distribution_Fourth A
Floor
This is the Stage 2 MEP (mechanical, electrical and public health AKA Building TH-Z10-105 Theatre_Plant & Services Distribution_Fifth A
services) engineering report for the Tunbridge Wells Civic Campus Theatre Floor
building. TH-Z11-099 Theatre_HVAC Strategy Zones_Basement A
TH-Z11-100 Theatre_HVAC Strategy Zones_Ground Floor A
The aim of this report and the accompanying drawings is to convey the TH-Z11-101 Theatre_HVAC Strategy Zones_First Floor A
current strategy for the MEP design and the environmental design for the TH-Z11-102 Theatre_HVAC Strategy Zones_Second Floor A
new building. TH-Z11-103 Theatre_HVAC Strategy Zones_Third Floor A
TH-Z11-104 Theatre_HVAC Strategy Zones_Fourth Floor A
The drawings and services description provide the basis for the next stage of
design. Plant space and main distribution routes have been discussed and
agreed with the architect and design team.
Some of the sections of the report are intended as references, guides or

options to be explored in more detail during the next stage with the rest of
the design team.
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MEP Stage 2 Report
2.0 AUDITORIUM VENTILATION
2.1 Auditorium ventilation strategy

A mechanical ventilation system is being proposed for the Auditorium. The
aim of this strategy is to create and maintain a comfortable environment in
the occupied zone while keeping energy consumption at low levels
throughout the year.
A displacement ventilation strategy will be adopted for the audience with

separate systems for the stage and the seats. Cool air is supplied beneath the
seats at a low velocity, using the floor void as a plenum. As the air gets
warmer due to heat gains from people, equipment and lights, it rises to high
level where it is extracted from grilles. This approach ensures that a
comfortable environment is maintained in the occupied zone.
For the stage, a mixing system is propsed whereby cool air is supplied from
grilles at mid level and warm air is exhausted from the top of the fly tower at
high level.
This ventilation strategy is typical for theatres and auditoria and has been
extensively used in the past with success. Precendent Max Fordham projects
making use of this strategy include The Barbican Concert Hall, The Royal
Festival Hall, The Queen Elizabeth Hall, The Stables and several more.
The diagram across the page shows a section through the auditorium,
indicating the general design philosophy within the space.
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MEP Stage 2 Report
The isometric diagrams below show the preliminary mechanical ventilation
design for the auditorium. The air is supplied from an air handling unit, under
the auditorium seating area, and extracted at high level.
6 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
2.2 Under-seat air supplies - Examples
The method of supplying air to the auditorium is likely to be via the seating
area. The diagrams and images below show examples of how this has been
done on previous projects. This strategy will be explored and developed
further during the next stage.
The Barbican Concert Hall The Stables – Wavendon Royal Festival Hall
Air slots underneath the seats supply the Auditorium with air. Detail of horizontally In this case the air outlets are constructed on site from commonly available metal For the Royal Festival Hall we conducted an experiment to identify the
mounted perforated panel below: work components with a colour finish. Air emerges horizontally at foot level. optimum supply opening configuration of the underseat air outlets and the
likely environmental conditions close to occupants due to the temperature
and velocity of the air supply.
A comparison was made of the performance of 3 different face panel

designs:
For each panel, air velocity was

measured at predetermined
distances away from the panel.
The result was that the 25%
free area panel with 5mm
holes produced the best air
distribution for quantity of air
and occupant comfort.
Theatre 7
MEP Stage 2 Report
3.0 LIGHTING DESIGN
The general house lighting is often provided by ceiling recessed downlights
and supplemented by decorative lighting highlighting the architecture. During
the next design stage we will work closely with the architects and theatre
specialist to develop a coordinated lighting scheme.
Example of downlight with good dimming, GDS Arclight and variants of the
fitting installed at Saddlers Wells.
The images below show how lighting has being integrated with the acoustic
finishes of auditoriums.
3.1 Auditorium
The theatre auditorium lighting needs to provide several functions; it needs
to provide attractive interesting lighting when people arrive for a
performance with lights levels suitable for easily finding seats and reading
programmes. During performances a low level of lighting is required along
aisles to allow the audience to safely move to or from their seats. The third
use is work lighting to allow cleaning, maintenance and setting up of shows. Bimhuis Amsterdam
The house lighting needs to be provided by light fittings with very good
dimming capabilities. This is especially important at low dimming values to
ensure a smooth dim to off with no flickering. Traditionally theatres were lit
with warm incandescent light sources and this is warm light is often
replicated in new theatres and for refurbishments; a colour temperature of
2700K is common.
Traditionally work lighting and house lighting were kept separately to allow
more efficient light sources to be used for the work lighting where non-
dimmable and colour temperature where not as important. However now Exploded Cinema Hong Kong
with high efficient dimmable LED lighting the houselights can also be used as
the work lights.
8 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
Ofunato Civic Centre
Hull Truck Theatre
Les Quinconces Cultural Centre
The next few pictures show some theatre projects we have worked on.
New Marlowe Theatre
Theatre Royal Newcastle
Corby Cube Theatre
Theatre 9
MEP Stage 2 Report
To provide low level lighting of the aisles there are a number of options;
3.2 Foyer and Bars
 Handrail lighting – this can be used at side aisles
 Stair tread lighting The large glazed facade over multiple levels will provide good daylight along
 Seat mounted aisle lighting with view of the park. At night care will be needed, though, to make sure that
 Wall mounted aisle lighting lighting is soft and low, to prevent light pollution into the park itself.
The lighting needs to be flexible to provide a light airy feel for the day and a
more intimate setting at night. The lighting of the foyer should aid the
movement of the audience to and from the auditorium. For the bars the
lighting should help create interesting welcoming spaces.
Wall recessed lighting
Architects Stage 2 rendering of stalls bar area with pendants
Handrail integrated lighting Seat mounted lights
Architects image of foyer from the Stage 1 report with ceiling wash light and
small decorative pendants added
Stair treads lighting
Central handrail integrated lighting
Architects image of foyer from the Stage 1 report with ceiling wash light and
large decorative pendants added
10 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
Below are some examples of theatre foyers.
Wyly Theatre Dallas
New Marlowe Theatre Foyer
National Theatre Foyer
Theatre Royal Glasgow
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MEP Stage 2 Report
3.3 Lighting Design Values
The main design parameters used for the Schematic Design are presented in
the following tables. Generally the CIBSE lighting guide has been used.
Internal Area Average light level in Lux

Back of house circulation and stairs 150 on the floor
Foyer and front of house circulation 200 on the floor
Bar/cafe 200 on the floor
Auditorium 250lux at seats

dimmable to 0%
Worklighting 200lux
Dressing rooms 300lux
WCs 200 on the floor
Offices 300lux at workplane
Plant rooms generally 200 on the floor
Electrical/hazardous plant rooms 250 on the floor
12 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
4.0 ENERGY STRATEGY
(‘Outstanding’, ‘Excellent’, Very Good’, etc.) a building will need to fulfil a
4.1 Introduction certain proportion of these credits.
As already discussed, this study is to fulfill a credit under BREEAM category

This is a feasibility study to determine the most appropriate low or zero
Ene 04.
carbon technology to be used for the Theatre development as part of the
Tunbridge Wells Civic Masterplan, to reduce the carbon emissions associated
The BREEAM target rating for the project is ‘Very Good’.
with the new building.
Local policy
In order to attain the targeted BREEAM rating, credit Ene 04 Low Carbon
Tunbridge Borough Council has published a document that covers renewable
Design requires that the most appropriate local (on-site or near-site) Low or
energy in new developments.
Zero Carbon (LZC) energy sources for the building/development be
established through a suitable study. In addition to informing the design of
Local planning policy encourages that for commercial developments of 1000
the building and the energy strategy, it is intended that this document
m2 or more at least 10% of the building’s energy use should be provided by
provides the relevant information to support this credit.
renewable energy sources. This is shown in the extract below from the local
policy (EN1) document.
Expertise (Energy Expert) Part L2A 2013 of the Building Regulations is concerned with the conservation
This LZC Feasibility Study, the subsequent design development and of fuel and power in new buildings other than dwellings. It sets out statutory
calculations have been carried out by John Bone MPhys of Max Fordham LLP. requirements for energy efficiency and limiting carbon emissions from
Max Fordham LLP is a respected consultancy appointed by Royal Tunbridge buildings. It includes minimum performance standards for individual elements
Wells Borough Council to undertake mechanical, electrical and environmental of the building fabric (e.g. wall, floor, fans, etc.). Computer simulation
design services for the project. Max Fordham LLP and John Bone are not calculations must be performed to show that the Building Emissions Rate
professionally connected to a single low or zero carbon technology or (BER) is equal to or less than the calculated Target Emissions Rate (TER).
manufacturer.
BREEAM
This Feasility Study was carried out at RIBA Stage 2. The Theatre is being assessed under BREEAM 2014.
Project Description
The Theatre, which is the focus of this LZC report, forms part of a wider civic
masterplan for Tunbridge Wells which also incorporates a new office building
and car park.
The first measures proposed for reducing the new theatre’s energy use are
the adoption of passive design principles; natural ventilation where
appropriate, good daylighting, high performance building fabric, and the
specification of high efficiency building services and systems. Once these
measures have reduced the energy demand the most appropriate LZC Summary
technologies will be specified to reduce the building’s carbon emissions The main targets relating to carbon emissions for the new theatre are:
further.
Document Target
Planning Considerations
Building Emission Rate (BER) must be
Building Regulations Part L2A Part L2A 2013 less than the Target Emission Rate
The Theatre development within the Tunbridge Wells Civic Masterplan will be (TER).
subject to the requirements of the Building Regulations Part L2A 2013: At least 10% of the building’s energy
Conservation of fuel and power in new buildings other than dwellings. The Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method Local Policy use should come from renewable
(BREEAM) is an established method of assessing the sustainability of energy sources.
buildings. The assessment method is broken down into different categories
relating to sustainability, and each of these has different credits that can be
achieved by a building. In order to achieve a certain BREEAM rating
Theatre 13
MEP Stage 2 Report
Content of this Report 2
Heating plant size 69.4 kW/m Previous project
The next section lists the technologies which have been identified as potential experience
options for mitigating emissions on the site, in line with the above. An initial
assessment of technical feasibility and general site suitability has been carried
out.
Carbon emissions
Section 3 then describes a more detailed assessment of those technologies The following carbon emissions factors have been used in our calculation.
considered technically feasible, considering financial payback time, energy These are the same figures that are used to calculate compliance with Part L.
generation and initial sizing.
Fuel Emissions factor (kgCO2/kWh)
A full lifecycle cost assessment has then been carried out on the most suitable
technology, in Section 4. Gas 0.216
The technologies assessed are in line with those mentioned in the Directive Grid electricity 0.519
2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and the Life Cycle Assessment has Biomass 0.016
been conducted in accordance with the EN ISO 14044:2006.
This feasibility study has been completed in accordance with the BREEAM
Technical Guide 2014. This study considers: Costs
The following fuel costs have been used in the calculations.
 Energy generated from LZC source per year
 Carbon dioxide savings from LZC energy source per year Fuel Fuel price (p/kWh)
 Life cycle cost of the potential specification, accounting for payback
 Local planning criteria, including land use and noise Gas 4.18
 Feasibility of exporting heat/electricity from the system Grid electricity 13.86
 Any available grants
 All technologies appropriate to the site and energy demand of the Biomass 4.34
development
 Reasons for excluding other technologies
 Where appropriate to the building type, connecting the proposed The financial analysis of each of the LZC options explored has taken into
building to an existing local community CHP system or source of account the potential savings that these technologies could make over a base
waste heat or power OR specifying a building/site CHP system or case system.
source of waste heat or power with the potential to export excess
heat or power via a local community energy scheme In our calculations we have taken the base case system to be an installation
with high efficiency gas boilers providing the total heating and hot water load
of the building.
Key figures
Here we show some of the key figures that have been used in our calculations All LZC financial options are analysed against this base case, and potential
for energy use, carbon emissions savings and financial costs. savings on base case gas use by using an LZC source (such as a heat pump) are
taken into account. The payback periods and costs are taken against the base
Energy case.
The following benchmark figures for theatre energy use and emissions have
been gained from experience on similar previous projects, guidance We undertake the discounted costs analysis using a discount rate of 3.5%.
documents, and rules of thumb. These have been taken on to form the basis This follows the advice recommended by the government’s HMT Green Book.
of the LZC calculations for this project.
Benchmark figure Notes
Carbon target 36.4 kgCO2/m2 Previous project

emissions rate experience
Annual total heating 74.4 kWh/m2 Previous project

plant (space heating experience
and hot water) load
Annual hot water load 10.4 kWh/m2 Previous project

experience
14 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
4.2 LZC Technologies
This section lists and discusses different LZC technologies which could be
potential options for mitigating emissions on the site. An initial assessment of
technical feasibility and general site suitability has been carried out.
Photovoltaic Panels (PVs)

PVs use semiconductor technology to convert incident solar radiation into Heat pumps
electrical power. Heat pumps transfer thermal energy from a source to a sink, powered by an
energy input such as electricity.They can move many times more heat than
The theatre has areas of flat roof which would be suitable for the mounting of their energy running cost.
rooftop PVs.
It is preferable that any electricity that is generated is used on site as every

kWh used is one that doesn’t have to be purchased from the grid for the
Ground source heat pumps (GSHP): closed and open loop
building, therefore generating a saving in electrical running costs. The export
A ground source heat pump (GSHP) takes low-grade heat from the ground
of surplus unused electricity can be achieved by using the building’s electrical
and uses electricity to convert it to useful heat (at approximately 40°C) that
grid connections. This export to the national grid produces an export tariff
can be used to heat a building. The ground can also be used as a heat sink to
income, and this is in addition to a generation tariff income.
provide cooling.
Closed loop systems circulate water through pipes in the ground which
exchange heat with it. Pipes are either laid horizontally in a wide array below
the ground or are fed into deep boreholes in the ground spaced out in a
vertical array.
Open loop systems work similarly to closed loop systems, however they
abstract water directly from the ground. This direct ground water, as opposed
to an intermediary fluid, passes through the heat pump’s heat exchanger and
is then returned to the ground. To extract the ground water requires one or
more deep boreholes to be dug. There is a risk in this in that there could be
uncertainty in the water yield from the boreholes. Drilling boreholes is
expensive to carry out, and as such this means that it is a large risk if the holes
When the source is the atmosphere or ground and the sink is a building they do not produce enough water. Due to these risks an open loop ground
provide heating. Operated in reverse they provide cooling. The latter option is source system is not proposed for this project.
Solar Thermal the principle behind all “air-conditioning” equipment. When a heat pump is
Solar thermal panels are a method of harvesting the sun’s energy, commonly applied to heating it can offer carbon savings over traditional heat generation
to heat domestic hot water for use in hand washing, showers, etc. The methods (combustion).
optimum size of a solar thermal array is to provide approximately a third of
the daily stored demand. There are a number of different types of heat pump available which are listed
and detailed below.
Solar thermal is generally three or four times more efficient in collecting solar
energy than PVs, however it must be matched with a suitable hot water Air source heat pumps (ASHP)
demand and generation system within the building. In practice this can lead Air source heat pumps (ASHP) utilise the external environment as a heat
to lower whole system efficiencies source. ASHPs use electricity to drive heat from the outside air to an indoor
space, or vice versa. They offer high efficiencies, being generally more
As for PVs, the theatre has areas of flat roof which would be appropriate for efficient than burning gas or oil directly, and they can also offer cooling.
mounting solar thermal panels. There would be competition between solar
thermal panels and PVs as to the most appropriate use of the available roof These systems are typically noisy and are usually mounted on roofs. They may
space. be subject to planning implications due to the visual impact and noise
breakout.
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MEP Stage 2 Report
Biomass
Biomass fuel usually consists of wood chips or wood pellets, and as it comes
from plants it is considered a low-carbon source of high grade heat that can
be used for space heating, domestic hot water and, with absorption chillers,
cooling (this option is very rarely implemented due to high capital cost).
A biomass boiler needs to operate under a reasonably constant load being a

solid fuel boiler; it is unable to respond to load fluctuations as quickly as a gas
or oil boiler. This limits the boilers to being suitable to operate for the
provision of the base heat load. The peaks in the load will need to be served
Water source heat pumps (WSHP) by other means, such as a gas boiler.
Water source heat pumps (WSHP) work in the same way as ground source Gas Absorption Heat Pump (GAHP)
systems, and can be open or closed loop. As opposed to exchanging heat with Furthermore, biomass power generation has the potential to have a
Similar to the electric heat pumps described above, a gas absorption heat
the ground they use bodies of water such as lakes, rivers, ponds and even the significantly detrimental effect on air quality in the local vicinity.
pump (GAHP) moves low temperature heat from outside to inside, but is
sea as the heat source/sink. primarily powered by gas fuel and not electricity. GAHPs can offer high
The running of the biomass plant requires frequent fuel deliveries to be made
efficiencies compared to boilers (e.g. 150%), and are still regarded as an
Due to the building’s location we are not aware of any suitable water sources and also space on site for bulk fuel storage.
emerging technology.
nearby, and for this reason this option is not considered any further.
Unless a free source of wood can be found, such as waste from a factory or
forestry management operation, the biomass fuel is often the same price or
more expensive than gas.
Wind Power
Wind energy can be converted to electricity by using wind turbines. This
renewable technology is suited to exposed areas free from obstructions
where the average wind speeds are high. The town centre location of the site
means that there are plenty of obstructions which would lead to the wind District Heating
having a turbulent nature. This would lead to the turbines producing a poor District heating involves the use of a centralised heat generating plant to
output. produce heat which is then distributed out to a number of properties,
commonly through a system of pipes in the ground.
Wind turbines have the disadvantage of their visual impact and the risk of
noise break-out to neighbouring areas. The central heat generating plant could consist of conventional gas boilers,
Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
CHP is the simultaneous generation of usable heat and power (usually biomass boilers, heat pumps, combined heat and power (CHP) units, amongst
For these reasons wind power will not be considered any further. others. A district heat network can also utilise the waste heat from industrial
electricity) in a single process, the heat being distributed in surrounding
buildings instead of being wasted. This generally consists of a car engine (at processes or energy generation. This can increase efficiency by capturing and
small scale) or a boiler/turbine (at large scale), an electrical generator, and a using waste heat which would otherwise be lost.
connection from the engine cooling system to a building heating system.
There are currently no district heating networks in the area, and the provision
CHP is best connected to a district heating network with balanced loads, e.g. of such a network is outside of the scope of this project. For this reason
hotel, swimming pool, residential, office. district heating has been discounted.
The fuel source could be gas in an engine or turbine, or could consist of

biomass.
16 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
4.3 Feasibility Study
The table on the following page describes a more detailed assessment of the
potential CO2 emissions reductions of each of the LZC technologies
considered technically feasible for the project. The potential financial
paybacks are discussed, as is the site suitability.
Theatre 17
MEP Stage 2 Report
Energy Generated & Potential Emissions Reductions Payback Notes / Site Suitability PROPOSED?
- Every kWh of electricity produced by the PVs replaces that taken from the - Schemes greater than 10 kW but not exceeding 50 kW will - The financial analysis assumed that 50% of the electricity Y
grid. This results in a CO2 emissions saving of 0.52 kgCO2 per kWh of receive a feed-in-tariff rate of 3.91 p/kWh (July – Sept 2018) for generated would be used on site, the rest being exported back
electricity produced. any electricity generated, and 4.91 p/kWh for any electricity to the grid. If a greater proportion can be used on site then the
- A 60 m2 array angled at 30° to the horizontal is capable of producing exported to the grid. payback period is shortened.
Photovoltaic
12,000 kWh electricity per year, displacing approximately 5,600 kgCO2 per - Over a service life of 25 years such 200 m2 array could provide a - The theatre building has a portion of flat roof which would be
Panels (PVs)
year, or 3% of the building’s total emissions. net total income and savings of approximately £45,100 and appropriate for mounting PVs.
- Alternatively a 200m2 array would provide a 10% saving. offer a payback of around 10 years. - PVs have the shortest payback of any of the options and there is
sufficient space to accommodate the amount required to meet
the 10% target. Therefore PVs are the preferred option.
- Every kWh of heat produced from solar thermal replaces a kWh of heat - The Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) for non-domestic - An array of 15m2 could be placed on the flat roof of the theatre. N
supplied from a conventional source such as a gas boiler, saving 0.20 installations covers all solar thermal collectors less than 200 - There is competition for the available roof space between solar
kgCO2 per kWh of heat delivered. kWth. The current RHI rate is 10.28 p/kWh. thermal panels and PVs.
- An array of panels sized to serve up to a third of the hot water load at 15 - Over a service life of 25 years such an array could provide a net - PVs have a better payback and would make better use of the
Solar m2 is estimated to be capable of displacing up to 1,700 kgCO2 per year, or total income and savings of approximately £5,500. available roof space. The relatively low hot water demand
Thermal 0.8% of the building’s total emissions. - Such an array would have a discounted payback of around 12 means that the heat energy from a larger solar thermal array
years. than this may not be all used and would be wasted. A larger PV
array has the advantage that it can export any unused energy to
the grid.
- This technology will not be considered further.
- A unit sized at 250 kW is likely to contribute to around 360,000 kWh - All ASHPs receive the same flat rate RHI of 2.57 p/kWh. - The technology could be used to provide cooling in addition to N
Air Source heating per year, 80% of the annual heating load. This could displace - In a 20 year service life this could generate a net income of heating.
Heat Pump approximately 22,900 kgCO2 per year, or 11% of the building’s total approximately £14,000. - There are potential noise and visual impact issues with placing
(ASHP) emissions. - Such a unit would have a discounted payback period of 17 ASHPs on the available flat roof space.
years.
- Ground source heat pumps use one unit of electricity to produce up to - GSHPs are eligible for a RHI of 8.95 p/kWh (up to 1,314 hours - The technology could be used to provide cooling in addition to N
four units of heat. operation, 2.67 p/kWh thereafter). heating.
Ground
- A 250 kW unit covering 80% of the annual heating demand could displace - The capital cost of a potential system could be up to £500,000. - Finding space for boreholes/ground loops may not be possible
Source Heat
approximately 31,700 kgCO2 per year, or 15% of the building’s total - Over a service life of 20 years this system could generate a net on the site.
Pump
emissions. income and savings of £500. - The technology would also require a significant upfront capital
(GSHP)
- Such a unit would have a discounted payback period of 19 investment.
years. - This technology will not be considered further.
- A biomass boiler sized at 75 kW and running for 1,200 hours per year to - Biomass systems less than 200 kWth are eligible for a RHI of 3.26 - Additional plant and fuel storage space and would be needed N
cover the base heating load could produce 90,000 kWh of heat. This p/kWh. and it would have an increased maintenance burden over other
would displace approximately 19,700 kgCO2 per year, or 9% of the - Such a system as this is not projected to payback in under 60 technologies.
building’s emissions. years. - It is likely that the base heating load will be insufficient to make
Biomass
the technology viable for the building.
- The size of any fuel savings and RHI payments are not enough
for the technology to payback within its serviceable lifetime.
- The CO2 emissions generated by supplying the building with heat are - The capital cost of this system would be around £62,500. - The building base load is such that it is likely the CHP would not N
offset by the CO2 emissions of the electricity produced. The reduction in - CHP schemes over 2 kWe do not qualify for any RHI. be able to run for long enough to generate electricity to be able
emissions will be dictated by the amount of time a CHP engine could - Any electricity produced and exported to the grid will receive an to make it financially viable. This is reflected in that this system
Combined
contribute ot the annual heating load. export tariff of 4.91 p/kWh. isn’t shown to payback.
Heat &
- A 80 kWth unit covering the base heating load running for 1,200 hours per - Such a system as this is not projected to payback in under 60 - This technology will not be considered further.
Power (CHP)
year would produce around 96,000 kWh of heat and would generate years.
60,000 kWh of electricity. In total the unit would displace 9,300 kgCO2 per
year, or 4% of the building’s total emissions.
- A 250 kW installation could produce 360,000 kWh of heat per year. This - At present GAHPs are not eligible for payments under the RHI. - There is uncertainty in the upfront capital cost amount due to N
Gas
would save 37,900 kgCO2 per year, or 17% of the building’s total - Such a system as this is not projected to payback in under 60 limited data available.
Absorption
emissions. years. - There is no projected payback for the system using the data
Heat Pump
available.
(GAHP)
- This technology will not be considered any further.
18 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
The table below gives details of the carbon dioxide emissions savings and
4.4 Life Cycle Assessment costs associated with an air source heat pump installation and a 60m 2 array of
photovoltaic panels on the flat roof of the new theatre. The table also shows
the carbon emissions savings and costs if only a 200 m 2 PV array is installed to
PVs and ASHP are proposed as the two most appropriate LZC technologies for
meet the 10% emissions saving target. The figures also give life cycle
use in the new theatre based on the analysis in the main feasibility study
assessment costs.
above.
The image below the table is an illustrative extract of the spreadsheet
This section gives a more detailed life cycle assessment cost for the LZC
calculation used to assess each of the LZC options considered.
technologies chosen as being most suitable for the new theatre.
Energy Capital cost per Service life cost

Installatio Carbon saved Carbon % Indicative Annual savings Discounted Cost at end of
Assumed efficiency Rated output generated per Service life kg CO2 saved per lifetime kg
n size per year saving installed cost (inc. grants) payback service life
year per year CO2
2
Panel efficiency = 60 m 11.64 kWe 12,065 kWh 5,648 kgCO2 3% £14,550 £1,629 10 years 25 years -£12,371 £2.58 -£0.0881
19.4%
Photovoltaic
panels
Inverter efficiency
= 94%
Air source heat SCOP = 300% - 249 kWth 355,632 kWh 22,889 kgCO2 11% £111,960 £8,545 17 years 20 years -£14,096 £4.89 -£0.0308
pump
2
Panel efficiency = 200 m 38.80 kWe 40,216 kWh 18,826 kgCO2 10% £48,500 £5,430 10 years 25 years -£45,082 £2.58 -£0.0963
19.4%
Photovoltaic
panels
Inverter efficiency
= 94%
Theatre 19
MEP Stage 2 Report
4.5 Results Commentary
2
A 200 m array of photovoltaic panels (PV) has been selected as being the
most appropriate LZC technology to use at the theatre in order to reduce
overall carbon dioxide emissions by the 10% required by the planning policy.
The building needs to satisfy the requirements of the Building Regulations

Part L2A 2013. This requires that the Building Emission Rate (BER) needs to be
less than a calculated notional building Target Emission Rate (TER). The first
main steps to satisfy this target are to specify passive design measures, high
performance building fabric elements, and efficient services. Following these
measures the next way to limit or offset emissions is to implement LZC
technologies.
The financial analyses in the feasibility study of each technology have taken
into account the net present values (NPV) of the future costs and income
streams associated with each technology. To obtain the NPVs a discount rate
of 3.5% has been used. The financial analysis has also taken into account
likely increases in the real price of both electricity and gas.
The life cycle analysis figures from above show that the total costs of
installing and maintaining the PVs will be paid back in a period of 10 years.
This will be achieved through a combination of the electricity generated being
used in the building to offset some of the regular electricity running costs,
generating FiT payments, and also receiving income for any electricity
exported to the grid.
At the end of a projected installation service life the PVs will have generated a
discounted net income of £45,082. These figures account for the initial capital
cost of the technology. This shows that in addition to receiving a payback on
the initial investment, the technology will generate a net profit by the end of
its service life.
The 200 m2 PV array will be able to save approximately 10% of the building’s
carbon emissions. This meets the 10% target chosen to ensure that the
building meets the requirements of Part L.
In summary, PVs on the roof generating electricity are deemed to be the most
appropriate LZC technology to use for the new office.
20 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
5.0 MEP SERVICES DESCRIPTION
5.1 Mechanical the shortest practicable, with as few bends as possible and no bends in wet
portion of soil stacks.
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
System Life: In excess of 25 years.
R10 RAINWATER DRAINAGE A trap shall be provided for each appliance. All WCs are to be specified with System Description
Design Parameters internal overflows else provide overflow pipework. Copper pipework and A new metered mains cold water supply is to be provided to the building. The
 Building Regulations Part H trapped tundishes are to be provided for safety overflow valves, pressure supply is to enter the building in the Water Services Plant Room, in the
relief valves and for collection of boiler condensate, condensate from chilled basement.
 BS EN 12056 Parts 1, 3 & 6 water coils and humidifier blow down from AHUs. Pipework is to discharge
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. over floor gullies. 3
Minimal mains water storage, (~15m ), will be provided to minimise
System Life: In excess of 25 years. disruption due to short losses of mains supply. Boosted cold water supplies
All main soil and vent pipes will be insulated with a vapour barrier to protect will be provided to all cold water outlets and to water heaters, with the use of
System Description against condensation and provide acoustic separation. Insulation materials a multiple pump/variable speed packaged cold water booster set, at a
Roofs and terraces are to drain into a combination of internal and external will be selected to have a GWP of less than 5. pressure suitable for the equipment and sanitaryware selected.
rainwater pipes. Roof outlets will be selected to be compatible with the
Soil and waste SVPs, stub stacks and branches are generally to be concealed Hot water will be supplied from a semi-instantaneous hot water heater
roofing system. Adequate overflows are to be provided from flat roofs to
in builderswork ducts, risers and ceiling voids. Any exposed waste pipework located within the Boiler Room at roof level. Semi-instantaneous hot water
ensure that water can freely discharge without entering the building should
or traps in WCs are to be chrome plated. heaters balance the requirement for large hot water storage volumes and the
the rainwater outlets become blocked or restricted. Access will be required to
the roofs to clear outlets, etc. and the health & safety implications of this are need for large primary heating plant into a relatively compact unit. Local
All above ground drainage pipework is to be HDPE installed in accordance point of use unvented hot water heaters will be used for remote appliances
to be considered as part of the design.
with the manufacturer's recommendations. All HDPE pipework is to be such as staff tea points.
electro fusion jointed. Intumescent sleeves shall be fitted to all plastic pipes
A combination of HDPE and cast iron pipework is to be used for internal
greater than 40mm that pass through the floors and fire partitions in Low use water taps and WCs are to be provided. Service valves are to be
rainwater pipework. Cast iron pipework is to be used on any long horizontal
accordance with the Building Regulations Part B. fitted to all appliances. Thermostatic mixing valves are to be fitted to all taps
pipework runs to eliminate the risk of HDPE pipe sagging. The external
rainwater pipework is to be specified by the architect. Cast iron pipework is to in public areas.
The system shall generally be a single stack system with vented stacks. The
be is to be mechanically jointed. HDPE pipework is to be electro-fusion
SVP drain stack at the head of the drain shall be vented to outside through Hot and cold water pipework will be insulated throughout the building as
jointed.
the roof of the building. The use of air admittance valves will be avoided required by L8 and sealed within a vapour barrier to protect against
wherever possible. All stacks are to have a full-bore access point within 1m of condensation. Trace heating is to be provided where pipes enter unheated
All rainwater down pipes are to have full-bore rodding access within 1m of
connection with below ground drainage. In addition, access is to be provided spaces. Hot and cold water distribution within the building, from the main
connection with the below ground drainage. In addition rodding access is to
at all changes of direction to enable easy rodding of all pipework. All stacks intake to sanitary fittings is to be by table X copper pipework. Visible final
be provided at all changes in direction of pipework.
are to have rodding access at each floor level; all stubs are to have cap access connections are to be in chrome plated copper pipework. Copper pipework is
points, and all waste branches to have rodding eyes, all located in accessible to be installed with soldered joints throughout, except connections onto
All site below ground surface water drainage including, rainwater attenuation
locations in service ducts, etc. appliances which are to be compression fittings.
is by the Structural/Civil Engineer.
The site foul water drainage is by the Structural/Civil Engineer. All pipework will be concealed in service risers, ceiling and floor voids where
R11 FOUL DRAINAGE ABOVE GROUND possible. Any exposed pipework is to be chrome plated.
Design Parameters S12 HOT & COLD WATER Metering will be provided of major water usages, with pulse outputs recorded
 The Building Regulations Approved Document Part H on the BMS. Control algorithms will be used to detect and alarm should
Design Parameters
 BS EN 12056, Parts 1 & 2. unusual consumption be detected outside of operation hours.
 Building Regulations Parts J and L.
 BS 8000 Part 13, BS 8301.  British Standard BS 6700
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements.  BS EN 806
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  BS 8558
System Life: In excess of 25 years.  Local authority requirements
 BSRIA Application Guide 4/94, Guide to Legionellosis.
System Description
The above ground drainage installation comprises of soil vent pipes (SVPs),  HSC L8 - Legionnaires' disease - control of legionella bacteria in water
stub stacks and branch pipes to connect all sanitaryware to the below ground systems ACOP
foul drainage.  CIBSE TM13 ‘Minimising the risk of Legionnaires Disease’.
 CIBSE Guides
The internal foul drainage layout is to be arranged to provide a minimum
number of soil and vent stacks whilst also ensuring that the pipe routes are  Institute of Plumbing: Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guides
Theatre 21
MEP Stage 2 Report
S32 NATURAL GAS T31 LOW TEMPERATURE HOT WATER HEATING The space heating circuit is to be variable volume constant temperature. The
pump speed will be controlled circuit constant pressure and will slow down as
Design Parameters Design Parameters the demand is met and the control valves close down.
 Building Regulations Document B.  Building regulations Part J and Part L
 Gas Safety Regulations.  CIBSE guide B2 Where possible all LTHW distribution pipework outside the plant room is to
 BS EN 1775. be concealed in service bulkheads, ceiling voids, wall cavities, in vertical
 BS EN 12828
 Institute of Gas Engineering Guides/Publications (IGE/UP). risers, etc.
 BS 6173:2001.  BS 7074
 British Gas Publication IGE/TD/3 & 4.  BS 6880 All LTHW pipework is to be medium gauge mild steel. All LTHW pipework,
 CORGI good practice.  BS 5854 except final tails to local radiators & convectors is to be insulated. All
insulation in the plant room is to be mechanically protected. Pipework valve
 British Gas guides to the safe use of gas in buildings.  BSRIA Commissioning Codes TM1/88, AG2, 5 & 20. and flange insulation is also to be provided.
 NJUG Standards and Recommendations.  CIBSE Commissioning Code W
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
T60 CENTRAL REFRIGERATION PLANT
System Life: In excess of 25 years. System Life: In excess of 25 years.
Design Parameters
System Description System Description  Building regulations Part J and Part L
A new low pressure gas supply is to be provided for the central gas boiler Fresh air and space heating, and hot water system (HWS) will be provided to
 CIBSE guide B2
plant & associated HW generation plant. A gas meter is to be housed in a the building by central gas fired boiler plant, located in the Boiler Room,
located at roof level.  BS 7074
dedicated room on the perimeter of the building at ground floor level.
 BSRIA Commissioning Codes TM1/88, AG2, 5 & 20.
Gas pipework is to be routed to the new gas boilers located in the Boiler It is currently proposed to use dual temperature flow boilers - as an efficient  CIBSE Commissioning Code W
Room, at roof level. It is currently assumed that the kitchen will be an ‘All way of producing LTHW at two different temperatures, (the adoption of this
strategy will be confirmed during the next stage). The boilers will be fully Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 15 years without major replacement.
Electric’ kitchen, and hence will not require gas.
modulating, low NOx, gas fire condensing boilers, (NOx < 40mg/kWh). A twin System Life: In excess of 25 years.
The gas pipework installation is to be in heavy grade steel painted canary wall boiler flue is to terminate 1m above the roof.
yellow. All spaces, service ducts and risers through which the gas pipework System Description
runs are to be naturally ventilated in accordance with the Gas Regulations. Preliminary Plant Selection The main cooling demand of the building will be met via a turbocor chiller.
Boiler Capacity: ~600kW Turbocor chillers use centrifugal compressors with frictionless magnetic
An automatic cut-off solenoid valve is to be provided on the gas supply to the Manufacturer: Viessman, Vitocrossal Range. bearings to achieve extremely high coefficients of performance (COP),
boiler room. System to be linked to the fire alarm as well as have manual particularly at part loads. COPs are as high as 8 at part loads, compared to a
knock-off buttons in the areas served. This low temperature circuit (F/R: 45/35OC) will serve the fresh air & space COP of around 3.5 for a typical scroll or screw compressor chiller.
heating requirements of the building, and the high temperature circuit (F/R:
70/50OC) will provide heat to the domestic hot water system via semi- Preliminary Plant Selection
S61 DRY RISERS instantaneous hot water heaters. Chiller Capacity: ~400kW
Manufacturer: Airedale, Uniflair, or Climeanventa.
Design Parameters The heating installation is to comprise of heat emitters, distribution pipework Extra Quiet Model, (due to proximity to Theatre).
 BS 9990, Non-automatic fire-fighting systems. and ancillaries, secondary pumps, regulating, isolating and control valves etc.
 BS 5041, Fire hydrant Systems Equipment. Chilled water is to be provided at a flow and return temperatures of 6/12°C.
 CIBSE Guide E. Dedicated shunt pumps and low loss header, circulation pumps, dosing pot,
pressurisation set and expansion vessel etc. The chiller will be located within the screened plant area on the roof of the
building. The Chillers will be linked to the adjacent Chilled Water Plant Room.
System Life: In excess of 25 years. The building spaces will be heated using one or more of the following
systems:
System Description - Local radiators & convectors (BOH areas),
A dry riser for use by the Fire Brigade for fire-fighting is to be provided in one - Underfloor heating (FOH Foyer Areas),
of the fire escapes from the Theatre. An inlet valve is to be provided on the - Air Handling Units (Theatre, Stage, WCs & basement areas),
external façade of the building at ground floor level, and outlet valves are to - Trench/perimeter heaters (FOH Foyer Areas),
be provided on each floor. For further details see the Fire Consultants Stage 2 - Unit heater (Loading Bays).
Report.
Individual radiators & convectors will have thermostatic radiator valves
Note: No Sprinklers are required for the building, (see Fire Consultants (TRVs) which will turn on and off automatically to maintain the room
Stage 2 Report). temperature corresponding to the valve position manually set by the
occupants.
22 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
T61 CHILLED WATER (DISTRIBUTION) Preliminary Plant Selection System Description
Capacity: ~25kW Mechanical ventilation supply and extract with heat recovery is to be
Design Parameters
Manufacturer: Dalkin, Mitsubishi or similar. provided to the following areas:
 Building regulations Part J and Part L  The Theatre,
 CIBSE guide B2 The VRF/DX heat rejection plant is to be located at roof level, in the screened
 The Stage,
 BS 7074 plant area. The installation is to comprise the following main items: external
condensers, cassette type indoor units, refrigeration distribution pipework  Dressing Rooms,
 BSRIA Commissioning Codes TM1/88, AG2, 5 & 20. and ancillaries.  All Basement Rooms, and
 CIBSE Commissioning Code W  Ancillary/Landlocked Rooms.
U-- NATURAL VENTILATION The following spaces are to be ventilated as described below.
Design Parameters
System Description The Theatre: Full air conditioning, (i.e. temperature & humidity control), is to
 The Building Regulations, Part B, Part F & Part L
High grade chilled water is to BE provided by a water cooled chiller (F/R: be provided to the Theatre. The main body of the Theatre is to be ventilated
 The local Authority requirements using displacement ventilation. Air is to be supplied to the space via floor
6/12°C).
 CIBSE Guide A grilles located beneath the seats, from the plenums below, (in the Stalls,
The chilled water circuits will be variable volume constant temperature. The Circle & Upper Circle). Air is to extract from the roof/technical zone above the
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. seating. The supply air is to be cooled, heated, humidified or de-humidified as
pump speed will be controlled by the return temperature sensor and is to
System Life: In excess of 25 years. required to maintain the proposed environment conditions within the
slow down as the demand is met and the control valves close down. The high
grade chilled water is primarily to be used to provide cooling to the Theatre Theatre.
System Description
and Stage via the ventilation plant.
In order to minimise the inherent energy use of the building, in summer AHU/T1 & AHU/T2: Preliminary Plant Selection
natural ventilation is used where feasible to help regulate the internal Capacity: 9.0m3/s each
Comfort cooling is to be provided to the FOH Foyers Areas in peak summer by
environment. Areas & spaces which are proposed to be naturally ventilated Spec: Panel & bag filters, (S&E), heat recovery, (run
running low grade chilled water through the underfloor heating. Low grade
include: around coils), LTHW heating coil, chilled water coil,
chilled water, (F/R: 17/20°C), is to be provided to the underfloor heating
system via a plate heat exchanger located within the Boiler Room.  The Foyers, humidifier, inverter controlled fans.
 The Green Room,
Where possible all chilled water distribution pipework outside the plant room The Theatre is to be served by two AHUs, (each 50% capacity), located either
 The offices & crew rooms on the 2nd Floor, and side of the Theatre, at the 3rd floor. Dual AHUs, (rather than a single large
is to be concealed in service bulkheads, ceiling voids, wall cavities, in vertical
risers, etc.  The back stage/Loading bay. AHU), is a more space efficient approach, and provides a level of resilience,
i.e. under the majority of scenarios the Theatre could still be used if one of
All chilled pipework and condenser pipework is to be medium gauge mild The Foyers: Automated windows/secure vents will be provided on all floors of the AHUs was lost due to plant or equipment failure.
steel. All chilled pipework is to be insulated and vapour sealed. All insulation the Foyers to provide the required natural ventilation. The location of the
in the plant room is to be mechanically protected. Pipework valve and flange automated windows, and their size, will be confirmed by thermal modelling The Stage: Full air conditioning, (i.e. temperature & humidity control), is also
insulation is also to be provided. during the next stage. to be provided to the Stage, although a Mixing System is used. Air is to be
supplied to the Stage from h/l via ductwork /grilles running above the stage,
The Offices & Green Room: In the smaller habitable rooms on perimeter the above the lower stage technical grid. Air is to extract from h/l within the Fly
T62 VRF/LOCAL COOLING UNITS building on the upper floors, natural ventilation can successfully be utilised to Tower, (above the Stage).The supply air is to be cooled, heated, humidified or
regulate the internal environment in summer. In these areas, manual de-humidified as required to maintain the proposed environment conditions
Design Parameters windows, under the control of the occupants will be provided. In these areas on the Stage.
 BS EN 378 there will be no need for automated windows.
AHU/S1: Preliminary Plant Selection
 CIBSE Guides 3
Capacity: 5.0m /s
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 15 years without major replacement. U10 GENERAL SUPPLY/EXTRACT VENTILATION Spec: Panel & bag filters, (S&E), heat recovery, (thermal
System Life: In excess of 25 years. wheel), LTHW heating coil, chilled water coil,
Design Parameters
humidifier, inverter controlled fans.
System Description  The Building Regulations, Part B, Part F & Part L
Due to the likely year round load of some of the ancillary spaces which will  The local Authority requirements The Stage AHU is to be located in the Ventilation Plant Room, on the 3rd Floor,
require cooling, local DX/refrigerant cooling units are to be provide the on the east side of the Theatre.
 BESA - DW143, DW144 & DW145
necessary cooling to these areas, (to avoid running the chiller under very low
 BESA - TR/19 A dedicated AHU for the Stage enables ventilation to be provided to the
load scenarios). Areas which are to be provided with VRF/DX cooling include:
 CIBSE Guide A Theatre during times when no audience is present, (i.e. during ‘get-ins’ or
 The Dimmer Room (Basement)
rehearsals), without having to run the main, large Theatre AHUs.
 Follow Spot Room, (roof void), Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
 Main IT Room, (location TBC), System Life: In excess of 25 years. The Theatre is to be served by two AHUs, (each 50% capacity), located either
 Security Room (basement), side of the Theatre, at the 3rd floor. Dual AHUs, (rather than a single large
AHU), is a more space efficient approach, and provides a level of resilience,
 Basement Offices.
Theatre 23
MEP Stage 2 Report
i.e. under the majority of scenarios the Theatre could still be used if one of AHU/WC1: Preliminary Plant Selection U14 SMOKE CONTROL/CLEARANCE
3
the AHUs was lost due to plant or equipment failure. Capacity: 1.8m /s
Spec: Panel & bag filters, (S&E), heat recovery, (thermal Design Parameters
General Areas: Mechanical ventilation, (supply & extract) with heat recovery wheel), LTHW heating coil, twin extract fans,  The Building Regulations, Part F
is to be provided to the basement accommodations, the dressing rooms, and inverter controlled fans.  The Local Authority Requirements
other ancillary spaces by a central, General AHU. This AHU is to be located in
 BS 5588
the screened external plant location at roof level. The supply & extract ductwork will be routed down risers from the roof to the
various floors.  CIBSE Guides B and E
AHU/G1: Preliminary Plant Selection Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
Capacity: 1.5m3/s
Spec: Panel & bag filters, (S&E), heat recovery, (thermal U12 KITCHEN VENTILATION
wheel), LTHW heating coil, inverter controlled fans.
Design Parameters System Description
 The Building Regulations, Part F Smoke control/extract is to be provided to the following areas:
The supply & extract ductwork will be routed down risers from the roof to the
various floors.  The Local Authority Requirements  The Stage, and
 BESA - DW143, DW144 & DW145  All Basement Rooms.

Note: Smoke extract will be provided to the basement via the extract half of
this AHU. This will require the extract fan & the extract ductwork to be  BESA - DW172 Smoke control is to be provided to each of these areas in the following way:
fire rated.  Health and Safety Executive (2000), Guidance
The Basement: In the event of a fire, smoke extract is to be provided to all
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. basement areas via the extract side of the General Area AHU, (see section
Miscellaneous Areas: A number of other areas will require small local AHUs
or fans, (dependent on building layout/GAs), including: System Life: In excess of 25 years. U10).
 Refuse Room, (basement) – 0.20 m3/s (E only). As the area is a basement, an extract ventilation rate of 10ach will be
nd 3 System Description
 Laundry, (2 Floor) – 0.20 m /s (S&E). The proposed kitchen within the basement is to be provided with dedicated provided. Make-up air will be drawn through the supply side of the
supply and extract ventilation. The exhaust air will discharge at roof level, ventilation system. Smoke extract will only be provided from the fire zone in
Each Air Handling Unit is to be provided complete with shut off dampers, with the duct fire rated or installed in dedicated fire rated riser. Supply air will which the fire is located. This will be achieved by the use of smoke dampers
fans, plate heat exchanger or run around heat recovery coil where specified, be provided by an air handling unit with heater battery to temper the within supply & extract ductwork.
recirculation section, panel and bag filters, chilled water battery, LTHW
incoming air. Air volume will be controllable by a local controller, such that
heater battery, silencers, and all ancillaries. They are to be acoustically and the supply system meets 85% of the extract system. In order for the AHU to be used for smoke extract, the extract fan will be fire
thermally lined. Fans within the units shall be variable speed. rated, (600°C for 2 hours ).
AHU/KS1: Preliminary Plant Selection
Attenuation will be provided where required to achieve the required NR Capacity: 1.6m3/s The Stage: Smoke clearance will be provided to the Stage via acoustic smoke
rating for each space/area. Supply and extract louvres will be required on the Spec: Panel & bag filters, (S&E), LTHW heating coil, vents on top/roof of the Fly Tower.
external façade. All ductwork is to be thermal insulated to prevent inverter controlled supply fan.
condensation and heat loss. Ductwork is generally galvanised steel to DW144 Preliminary Plant Selection
(enhanced to be used for smoke clearance). F/KE1: Preliminary Plant Selection Type: Double leaf, acoustic vents
Capacity:
3
2.0m /s Total Area: ~25.0m2
Spec: Fire rated inverter controlled extract fan. Manufacturer: Bilco or equivalent.
U11 WC EXTRACT VENTILATION
 The Building Regulations, Part B, Part F & Part L Note: Provisional selection only, to be confirmed by the Catering
Consultant
 The local Authority requirements
 BESA - DW143, DW144 & DW145 The system is to be designed to DW 172. It envisaged that extract will be
 BESA - TR/19 provided from with the kitchen via an extract canopy, (c/w integral baffle
filters for grease capture). Air will be exhausted to atmosphere at roof level
 CIBSE Guide A
via an open, converging flue. Ductwork is generally stainless steel to DW144
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. and DW172. Access to the duct shall be every 3m via doors to the riser to
System Life: In excess of 25 years. allow for cleaning. The supply and extract fans are to be linked such that 85%
of the extracted air is supplied.
System Description
Dedicated WC mechanical ventilation, (supply and extract) is to be provided
to the WCs & showers within the building.
WC ventilation, (supply & extract), is to be provided to all areas via a central,

General AHU. This AHU is to be located in the screened external plant
location at roof level.
24 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
W60 MONITORING & CONTROL located in non-public areas will be provided so staff can locally close windows
if required.
Design Parameters
 BSRIA applications Guide AG9/2001 The window control system is to be centrally controlled from a PC controller,
 CIBSE Commissioning Code C connected by low voltage bus network to local window controllers located
each floor. Each local controller is to be capable of stand-alone operation in
 BS EN 1334-6:2007
the event of a central PC failure.
 CIBSE Guide H
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. The window control system will provide;
System Life: In excess of 25 years.  System Monitoring – All equipment shall be automatically
monitored, and faults reported to the central PC, and
System Description  Window Control – It shall be possible to fully control, and
A web enabled building and energy management system is to be provided for programme the control of all automated windows.
control and monitoring. Mechanical control panels are to be provided in the  Graphically represent the “live” time status of all motorised
main plant rooms to provide power and control to all major plant. Outstations windows.
are to be provided as required around the building to pick up local sensors
and control valves. Plant remote from the main plant room is to be provided The control system shall provide full flexibility, and allow each individual
with local power supplies and controlled via the BMS. component to be individually addressed and controlled as required.
Local sensors will be provided in all spaces to control and monitor the
installed plant, motorised vents, etc to maintain the desired temperature and
humidity set points and internal light levels in each space.
A BMS system will be employed to manage the main items of plant in the
building and minimise energy use. The BMS is to be linked to the Internet.
Redundancy is to be provided within the control system to reduce the risk of

control system failure or loss of correct function. All control will be
adequately supported in the event of interruption of the power supply in
order that normal control resumes on mains return.
In the event of power failure or operational failure of one controller, the

remaining controllers are to remain functioning normally. Effected plant is to
be shut down safely. All programmable & logged data is to be held on the
individual outstation in non-volatile EPRM. Stored data is to be held for at
least 48 hours. On return of mains supply after a failure, the controller is to
reboot automatically and restart plant sequentially. On failure of the network
local outstation control is to be maintained.
W61 WINDOW CONTROLS

Design Parameters
 BSRIA applications Guide AG9/2001
 CIBSE Commissioning Code C
 BS EN 1334-6:2007
 CIBSE Guide H
System Description
A dedicated control system will be required for the automated windows,
which provide natural ventilation to the Foyers.
The window control system will be linked to the BMS so that windows can be
closed by the BMS, e.g. due to rain or high wind. Local override switches,
Theatre 25
MEP Stage 2 Report
5.2 Electrical V11 HV/LV UTILITY SUPPLY 60947-2 with adjustable electronic trip units to distribute power to MCB final
circuit distribution boards and distributed loads around the building.
Design Parameters
V10 STANDBY GENERATION  The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008) Secondary LV Switchgear: Secondary LV switchgear in the form of cubicle or
Design Parameters  The Building Regulations packaged panel board switch panels are to be installed in plant rooms and at
 The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008) locations of other large loads. The secondary switchgear will be 3-phase with
 All relevant British Standards and codes of practice
Form of Separation to at least Form 4 Type 2, which shall feed sub-mains via
 The Building Regulations  Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements MCCBs to distribute power to MCB final circuit distribution boards and
 CIBSE GUIDE AM8: 1992.  Local Authority and other statutory requirements distributed loads around the building.
 BS 4999 Parts 101, 140 & 143  Electricity at Work Act
Final Circuit Distribution Boards: Final circuit distribution boards will be
 BS 5000  Health and Safety provided throughout the building. The boards shall generally be Type A or B
 All relevant British Standards and codes of practice  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002) MCB boards manufactured to BS EN 60439-3. All distribution boards
 Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements complete will be provided with all protective devices, accessories, blanking
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements plates, locks, labels, etc.
 Electricity at Work Act Extension boxes are to be provided for each board that contains electrical
 Health and Safety System Description sub-meters.
A new incoming LV supply will be required to satisfy the electrical demand for
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002) the building. It is envisaged that the Utility/Network Supplier will require a All cable protection via switch fuses, MCBs or RCDs to BS EN 60898 and BS EN
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. transformer to be located on the site. 60947-2 to be provided, with adequate discrimination between higher rated
System Life: In excess of 25 years. devices and lower rated devices at all parts of the system and for all fault
Required Capacity: ~900kVA conditions. All LV switchgear protective devices shall be by the same
System Description manufacturer throughout.
The only standby/backup power requirement within the Theatre is for the A space/room has been provided at Ground Floor level for the required
smoke extract, (which is a relatively small load). A back-up generator will be Utility/Network transformer/sub-station. The proposed location of the sub- All distribution boards including the main distribution board at the intake will
provided to meet this load only, around 150kVA, with day tank and ancillary station, on the external façade of the building, provides unrestricted 24hr be sized to allow for 25% spare capacity and 25% spare ways. All boards will
equipment. access required by the Utility/Network Supplier. be located in risers and securable areas.
Alternative Option: Business Continuity Generator: The client has suggested Cables & Containment: Primary Electrical Distribution is by multi core
that a generator would be beneficial to have a generator to support the V20 LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION armoured cables to BS 6724 running at high level concealed above false
building, and maintain a show, if mains power was lost or interrupted. Given Design Parameters ceilings, services risers or services ducts. All cables emanating from the main
the electrical demand of a Theatre, the size of a generator to support this load switch panels and local panel boards shall generally be armoured BS 6724
 The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008)
would be significant. Cu/XLPE/SWA/LSF cables. Associated CPC's will generally use the cable
 The Building Regulations armouring of their respective sub-main cables unless otherwise indicated.
Due to the size of the required generator, and the maintenance consideration,  All relevant British Standards and codes of practice
(load testing & fuel deliveries), it would be preferable to locate the generator Electrical wiring containment systems will be chosen for robustness and
 Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements
at street/ground floor level. If required the generator it could be located adaptability. To allow for future expansion, all containment will be sized for
adjacent to the Loading Bay.  Local Authority and other statutory requirements 25% space factor and 25% spare capacity. Cables on tray or fixed direct to be
 Electricity at Work Act spaced by a minimum of one cable diameter apart - unless otherwise
Preliminary Plant Selection  Health and Safety indicated.
Capacity: 800kVA, 3
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002) Containment for Theatre & Production Services: Electrical containment will be
The generator would need to be a super-silenced, diesel generating set, Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. required for the Theatre & Production Services, as specified by the Theatre
complete with day tank fuel store, acoustic enclosure, controls and all System Life: In excess of 25 years. Consultant.
ancillaries.
System Description Sub-metering: All main LV incomers and outgoers to be provided with sub-
The generator would be connected to the buildings electrical supply via a The LV Distribution System is to be designed o provide a safe and reliable LV meters.
source changeover system with an automatic controller that controls the power distribution system for the building, satisfying all regulations &
start-up and shut down of the generator to allow operation of the reserve statutory requirements. Separate power and lighting boards or distribution boards with split busbars
power source without direct intervention. will be provided to enable separate sub metering of small power and lighting
Primary LV Switchgear: Primary LV switchgear in the form of cubicle switch loads. These boards shall be sized to accommodate such metering.
panels will be located in the Main LV Switch Room, located in the basement
Note: The alternative option for back-up power for business continuity has not directly below the proposed location of the transformer/sub-station. All electrical meters shall be networked and connected to an Electrical
been included in the current Stage 2 design. Network Management System (ENMS). The ENMS will collect data; carry out
The main switchgear panel will be 3-phase with Form of Separation to at least logging of energy use within the building.
Form 4 Type 2, which shall feed sub-mains via ACBs and MCCBs to BS EN
26 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
Earthing & Bonding: Earthing and bonding will be provided to meet the V22 GENERAL LV POWER V40 EMERGENCY LIGHTING
requirements on the IEE regulations.
Design Parameters Design Parameters
The main earth bar will be located with the main switchgear and will be  The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008)  The Building Regulations
bonded to the incoming water and gas and to the water, gas, heating,  The Building Regulations  BS 7671 Requirements for electrical installations (IEE Wiring
telecommunications and lightning protection installations. Regulations)
 Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements  BS 5266: Pt 1 Code of practice for emergency lighting for premises
Earthing will be provided to all boards from a main earth bar using the
other than cinemas and certain other premises used for public
armour of the sub-mains cabling or earth conductor where required. Local  Local Authority and other statutory requirements
entertainment
distribution boards will be bonded to the building steelwork. Supplementary  Electricity at Work Act
equipotential bonding will be provided.  EN 1838 Lighting applications - Emergency lighting
 Health and Safety  Local Authority Regulations
A ‘clean earth’ will be provided from the main earth bar for the Production &  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002)  BS 4555 & BS 5588
Theatre Systems.
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  All other relevant British Standards
System Life: In excess of 25 years.  CIBSE Guides, incl. CIBSE Code for Interior lighting
V21 GENERAL LIGHTING  Local Authority and other statutory requirements
System Description
Design Parameters Electrical accessories and small power to fixed equipment and socket outlets  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002).
 The Building Regulations will be provided throughout the building.  BS EN 60598 part 2.22 Luminaires - Particular requirements -
 IEE Wiring Regulations 17th Edition, (BS 7671) Luminaires for emergency lighting
The general small power installation is to include:
 All relevant British Standards Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
 Power to all fixed electrical appliances, including kitchen/catering,
 CIBSE Guides, including CIBSE Code for Interior lighting future hand dryers, etc. System Life: In excess of 25 years.
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements  Adequate socket outlets, for all temporary/portable/non-fixed System Description
electrical appliances & needs, including cleaning requirements, The emergency escape lighting system is to be supplied from a Static
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. temporary displays, maintenance etc. Inverter/Central Battery System (CBS). Main distribution cables will run from
System Life: In excess of 25 years.  Power & control cabling to all lighting & lighting accessories, i.e. this room to new, dedicated emergency escape lighting power distribution
luminaires, local switches etc.. boards located in areas of low risk throughout the building.
System Description
 All ancillary power requirements associated with the stage lighting.
The majority of lighting within the building is to be LED & other low energy The CBS is to be located within a dedicated Electrical Life Safety Plant Room,
sources. Some feature lighting, (incl some non LED/low energy lighting), will  Small power to all equipment as required in connection with the with the VA equipment, on the 4th floor.
be provided in FOH areas. specialist systems within the building, including the fire alarm,
security, data and communications, controls systems etc. Final sub-circuit cabling and containment will radiate out from the CBS to
Note: See Theatre consultant’s information for lighting requirements  All ELV cabling associated with various ancillary components forming emergency lighting distribution boards located around the building. In the
within the Theatre. part of the above mentioned specialist systems, such as access event of a power failure (either total or local), automatic changeover
control devices, lighting controls, and the like. contactors located local to each fitting or group of fittings, are to
A lighting control system, incorporating dimming, daylight linking, scene automatically switch the emergency escape lighting circuits so that they are
 All necessary containment systems, including conduit, cable tray,
setting & local overrides is to be provided for the lighting to the FOH areas. fed from the alternative CBS supported power distribution rather than the
trunking, flexible conduit, back boxes, etc.
Limited automated lighting control in the BOH areas, i.e. PIR control & normal mains supply.
daylight linking/dimming in offices etc only.  Small power to specialist equipment outlets (C-Form sockets SPN &
TPN socket outlets to IEC.309 and BS EN 60309-2 ).
The minimum duration for the operation of emergency lighting normally
required by the Building Control/Licensing Officer for a building of this type,
Final circuits radiating from distribution boards & service centres shall
size, complexity and occupancy is three hours
generally be run in singles cables to BS 7211 in metal trunking and/or conduit
or aluminium sheathed multi-core cables to BS 8436. All equipment/electrical
Primary sub-main distribution cables which radiate from the CBS are to be
accessories are to be compatible with the building architecture.
multi-core armoured cable such as FP600 or equivalent.
Socket outlets in public areas and where portable equipment is likely to be
All final circuit wiring serving emergency lights will be Prysmian FP Plus multi-
used will be provided with RCD/MCB protection at the distribution boards.
core cables or equivalent. All final circuit wiring shall be installed within
All external socket outlet circuits shall be protected with RCDs.
galvanised steel trunking or carried on cable tray/basket.
Theatre 27
MEP Stage 2 Report
W10 TELECOMMUNICATIONS W20 CCTV W40 ACCESS CONTROL
Design Parameters Design Parameters Design Parameters
 Telecoms provider’s requirements  BS 7671 The 17th edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations,  BS 7671 The 17th edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations,
 All relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice  BS EN 50132 Part 7  BS EN 1154
 Home Office Report 28/09  BS EN 50133 Parts-1, 2 & 7
 Data Protection Act  BS4737
 NACOSS Code of Practice  Home Office Report 28/09
System Description  Relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice,  Data Protection Act
* Note: System requirements to be confirmed by the Client.  Building Control Requirements  NACOSS Code of Practice
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  Relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice,
It is envisaged that two incoming fibre optic cables, (from two suppliers), will
be required to the building, for resilience and flexibility. Conventional System Life: In excess of 25 years. Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
analogue external phone lines will also be required for the lifts, and possibility System Life: In excess of 25 years.
for the other specialist systems such the security & fire alarm & BMS systems. System Description
* Note: System requirements to be confirmed by the Client. System Description
It is proposed that all incoming cables will enter the building, at a dedicated * Note: System requirements to be confirmed by the Client.
incoming comms room, located at ground floor level. It is envisaged that the building will need to be protected by a building wide
CCTV System. Access Control: It is envisaged that the access to BOH areas & specific rooms
& areas will need to be protected by an Access Control System (ACS).
W15 FACILITIES FOR DISABLED PERSONS CCTV coverage is likely to be required to cover the following areas of the
building; Access Control is likely to be required on the following doors;
Design Parameters
 The external perimeter of the building,  All staff entry routes into the building,
 Part M of the Building Regulations
 Sensitive external areas, i.e. the loading bays, & escape exits etc.  Doors leading into back of house areas from public areas,
 All relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice
 FOH: General coverage of Foyer Areas.  Dressing Rooms,
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  The BOH/FOH interfaces, and  Security Rooms, and
System Life: In excess of 25 years.  BOH: Corridors & main circulation routes.  Other sensitive rooms, such as dimmer rooms etc.
System Description The CCTV system will be based on an Internet Protocol (IP) system. Doors which can be entered by permanent/authorised members of staff only
Disabled WC Alarm System: A disabled WC alarm system will be provided to
Note: An Internet protocol camera, or IP camera, is a type of digital video will be provided with proximity card readers only, (Type 1 doors). Doors
all disabled toilets and disabled shower rooms.
camera commonly employed for surveillance, and which unlike which require a lower level of security will be also be provided with keypads,
analog closed circuit television cameras can send and receive data so temporary users can gain access when authorised, (Type 2 doors).
The disabled alarm shall comprise a simple pull switch located inside each
via a computer network and the Internet.
disabled toilet cubical or shower which when operated will activate an alarm
Preliminary System Requirement
(buzzer) and warning light outside the toilet/shower and a call controller with
It is proposed that all cameras will be colour, and a mixture of fixed cameras, Capacity: ~10No Type 1 Doors, and
on-board audible and visual indication of call and reset button located in a
(to be used in corridors & to cover doors etc), and PTZ cameras in large open ~15No Type 2 Doors.
central manned location. The alarm shall stay activated until acknowledged
areas.
and re-set, by the single call controller or a reset button in the Disabled WC or
The ACS shall comprise of a ‘front end’ programmable, windows based
shower.
Preliminary System Requirement system. The ACS is to incorporate a mix of hard wired access controlled doors
Capacity: ~10No External Cameras, and and self-powered ‘wireless’ mechanical locking devices.
Disabled Refuge Alarm System: A Disabled Refuge Alarm will be provided
~40No Internal Cameras.
which will provide a two-way intercom from each refuge point within the
The ACS system is to be primarily a POE (Power Over Ethernet) based system,
building, with a central manned location. The Disabled Refuge Alarm System
The internal cameras will be powered using power over Ethernet (POE) or with power provided via rack mounted POE switches located within local
will enable clear, direct method of two way communication between a person
power over Ethernet plus (POE+). The external cameras will require local comms rooms.
occupying a refuge and the designated fire officer/member of staff, in the
mains power and network connection points The CCTV system will be
event of a fire, indicating which refuge(s) are occupied in order to effectively
connected to buildings IT network via switches in the Local IT Comms Rooms All general doors fitted with an electronic locking system will fail safe to
co-ordinate their evacuation. All disabled refuge alarm cabling is to be high
with centralised recording & monitoring. prevent the possibility of trapping somebody in a space/area. Back-up power
performance fire rated cabling.
will be provided to all doors which must remain locked in the event of the loss
Digital recording equipment, multiple image display screens, (possibly 2No of mains power. All doors on designated fire escape routes will have
large multi-image screens), & 1No control PC will be required in a central, adequate means of escape to allow people to escape when required.
An induction loop will be provided at the ticket desk, any further
secure location.
requirements to be confirmed by the client.
Video Entry: Video entry/intercom systems will also be required at the
The CCTV system will be configured in such a way that an activation on the Stage Door & within the Service Yard, in order to provide authorised access to
IDS system will, where possible, switch the corresponding CCTV camera to the visitors from a remote location. Each video entry system will linked to the
alarm display monitor, providing a means of verifying the alarm activation. Security Control Room, and Main Office.
28 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
W41 SECURITY, DETECTION & ALARM W50 FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM The main and repeater panels shall include backlit LCD display, keypad,
batteries and charger, LED indicators for each zone, digital communicator and
Design Parameters Design Parameters will have full display and control functions. The building area shall be split
 BS 7671 The 17th edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations,  British Standard BS 5839 Part 1:2002 into a number of search zones to assist fire-fighting personnel who may be
 BS EN 50131-2-1 to BS EN 50131-2-6  British Standard BS 7443 unfamiliar with the layout of the building.
 BS EN 50131-5-3  The British Fire Protection Systems Association Code of Practice
 BS4737 for the design, installation and servicing of voice alarm systems
associated with fire detection systems W51 EARTH AND BONDING
 Home Office Report 28/09
 The Building Regulations Approved Document B Design Parameters
 Data Protection Act
 The requirements of Building Control and the local Fire Officer  The Building Regulations
 NACOSS Code of Practice
 Local Authority Licensing requirements  BS 7430
 Relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice,
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002)  All relevant British Standards and codes of practice
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements (inc. PME
System Life: In excess of 25 years. Requirements)
 Electricity Association Engineering Recommendation G12/3
System Description
* Note: System requirements to be confirmed by the Client. System Description  Local Authority and other statutory requirements
The fire alarm system for the building will be an analogue addressable system  Electricity at Work Act
It is envisaged that an Intruder Detection System (IDS) will be required to with separate smoke and heat detectors, sounders, beacons, magnetic door
 Health and Safety
protect the building from unauthorised entry. releases, and break glass units at final exits with type L1 (Protection of life)
and type P1 (Protection of property) coverage.  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002).
The IDS will enable designated/remote Security Staff to be notified of: Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
It is envisaged that automatic Fire and Smoke Detection will be achieved
 Unauthorized entry to, or egress from building, System Life: In excess of 25 years.
through a combination of:
 Unauthorized entry to, egress to, or movement within specific rooms  Optical smoke detectors in majority of areas,
or areas, or System Description
 Heat detectors in kitchens, plant rooms & waste handling areas, and The earthing & bonding will be designed to protect occupants and equipment
 Staff in need of immediate assistance. from the effects of short circuits and fault currents by providing a low
 Aspirating smoke detection (VESDA), in the theatre.
impedance path to earth, and to protect occupants and equipment from the
This is to be achieved via a combination of: effects of potential differences between metalwork in fault conditions by
Manual notification of a fire will be achieved using manual call points,
 Monitored, magnetic door contacts on doors, although the strategy of installing manual call points in public areas will need equipotential bonding.
 Local PIR detectors, and to be agreed the local Building Control and Licensing Authority and
coordinated with the Fire Engineering Strategy. Clean Earth: A separate clean earth system shall also be provided for
 Staff panic alarms at specific sensitive locations.
connection of the protective conductors for the Theatre Systems. The clean
In the event of a fire, it is envisaged that notification of the need to evacuate earth bar shall be connected directly to the main earth bar in the LV
Preliminary System Requirement
the building will be provided through a combination of; switchgear room. This earthing system is to be electrically separated from the
Capacity: ~40No Doors/Devices.
main building earth system except for the connection at the main earthing
 Voice Annunciation alarm over a secure VA system,
bar.
Intruder detection via the use of PIRs etc, is considered as unsuitable for the  Sounders, in some BOH areas,
both the public ‘front of house’ areas as well as the majority of ‘back of  Flashing visual beacons in toilet areas, and
house’ areas, due to the frequent traffic at night, including security,  Within the Theatre, via manual notification by the management.
W52 LIGHTNING PROTECTION
maintenance & cleaning staff, when the building is closed.
The system will also incorporate auxiliary controls and interlocks whose cause Design Parameters
It is proposed that a number of specific secure areas will be provided with and effects strategies can be programmed in software. Addressable volt-free  The Building Regulations
intruder detection, incorporating door contacts, PIRs, etc. The IDS will contacts/interface units will be provided to signal:
 BS EN 62305
incorporate the facility to allow individual zones to be alarmed independently  kitchen extract system to shut down,
via local key pads. As part of this system all fire escape final exit doors are to  the shutdown of ventilation plant,  All relevant British Standards and codes of practice
be permanently alarmed. Panic alarms, for use by staff, will also be provided  to shut off gas supplies,  Local Authority and other statutory requirements
in sensitive areas.  to the BMS,  Electricity at Work Act
 lifts to return to the ground floor,  Health and Safety
The IDS system will be configured in such a way that activation on the IDS  magnetic door holders to release and close doors,
system will, where possible, switch the corresponding CCTV camera to the  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002).
 unlock access controlled doors where appropriate, and
alarm display monitor, providing a means of verifying the alarm activation.  to lower any fire or smoke curtains. Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
The IDS system is to be designed to interface with the Access Control System All wiring associated with the fire detection and alarm systems shall be fire
and the CCTV System to provide an integrated site Security System. resisting (Prysmian FP Plus or Draka Fire Tuf Enhanced minimum standard)
and all circuits shall be monitored.
Theatre 29
MEP Stage 2 Report
System Description The cabling between any individual outlet and the termination and patching
The Lightning Protection System is to be designed to prevent damage to the system shall be no greater than 80 metres, and the expected patch lead
building and injury to building occupants or passers-by as a result of a length + user fly lead length + cabling length shall not exceed 90 metres.
lightning strike to the building.
Data outlets shall be provided throughout the building, each outlet being
The lightning protection is to be designed to BS EN 62305 by using the fabric connected by a Cat 6 cable back to the local IT Node.
and structure of the buildings as far as possible. This means that structural
steel and concrete reinforcement will all be bonded together and bonded to Hardware/Active Equipment: The supply of switching or other active
the ground floor/basement slab, which will in turn be bonded to lightning hardware is excluded from these works, and will be supplied & installed by
protection ground termination network. The air termination will be by a the Employer directly following completion of this project.
metal roof or by aluminium air terminations fixed to the cladding where a
metal roof is not installed.
X10 LIFTS
The specification for the reinforced concrete must include for all
Please refer to the lift schedule for information on the lift provision.
reinforcement to be bonded together and tested. The bonding together will
be by normal tie wires and should not require any special installation.
However, in some circumstances additional connections will be necessary.
The connection details between the reinforced concrete and any steel
structure area to be developed so that there is electrical continuity between
them.
The down conductors shall be connected to earth rods installed in pits at

ground level as required to meet BS EN 62305.
W70 STRUCTURED CABLING/DATA/IT INSTALLATION

Design Parameters
 The Building Regulations
 IEE Wiring Regulations 17th Edition, (BS 7671
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002).
System Description
* Note: System requirements to be confirmed by the Client.
It is envisaged that a structured cabling/IT system will be required throughout

the building to provide the required IT, Wi-Fi & telephone connectivity.
The structured cabling system will form a complete structured wiring system.
This will consist of Cat 6, 4 pair UTP LSF cabling, run on specialist cable basket
and multi compartment trunking concealed within services risers, voids, and
above false ceilings connected to the local patch panel &IT Nodes located
throughout the building.
It is estimated that each IT Node shall comprise of one 800x800 42U

data/voice patch frame cabinet with hinged glass doors front and rear and
fixed mild steel side panels to which all voice and data cabling shall be wired
back to.
30 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
5.3 Internal & External Design Conditions
5.3.1 External Design Conditions
The typical external summer design temperature for the SE of England is 28°C; this is exceeded for approximately 1% of
the time. It is important to consider the impacts of climate change on external design temperatures. Research has been
completed in relation to this and is summarised in CIBSE TM36:2005 (Climate change and the indoor environment:
impacts and adaptations). This estimates that sometime in the 2020s a summer design temperature of 29°C would be
exceeded for about 1% of the time. We propose to take into account this likely increase and therefore use 29°C for the
design summer dry bulb temperature.
The following external conditions are to be used for sizing the Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning systems for the
project:
Dry Bulb Wet Bulb Relative

Season
Temp. (°C) Temp (°C) Humidity (%)
Summer 29 19 38
Winter -4 -4 100
5.3.2 Internal Design Conditions

The following internal design conditions are proposed for the principal spaces.
Temp Temp Humidity Humidity

Area/Space Ventilation Rate
Summer /oC Winter /oC Summer /% RH Winter /% RH
WCs Not controlled 19 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled 6 ach
BOH Circulation Not controlled 18 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled n/a
Plant Areas Not controlled 10 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled n/a
Foyers Not controlled 21 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled N/A Naturally ventilated
Theatre 24 ± 2 21 ± 2 60 ± 5 45 ± 5 12 l/s/person
Offices - General Not controlled 21 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled N/A Naturally ventilated
Offices - Basement 23 ± 2 21 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled 20 l/s/person or 3ach
Storage Not controlled 16 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled 1 ach
Dressing Rooms Not controlled 21 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled 20 l/s/person or 3ach
Green Room Not controlled 21 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled N/A Naturally ventilated
Kitchen Not controlled 18 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled To suit equipment
Backstage Area Not controlled 18 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled n/a
Dimmer Room 23 ± 2 21 ± 2 Not controlled Not controlled 1 ach
Theatre 31
MEP Stage 2 Report
5.4 Plant & Riser Requirement
5.4.4 Ventilation Risers
5.4.1 Incoming Mechanical Supplies
Services: Ventilation Ductwork
Locations for the following incoming utility supplies/meters will be required:
Area/Service Size Location/Notes
Plant/Service Size Location/Notes
Supply Air - Auditorium 2No @ 3.0 m2 1No on each side of the Theatre.
Gas Meter Room 2.0m x 1.5m x 2.5m (H) Ground each
2 East: From roof to l/l grd.
Total: 3m Ventilation to outside required.
West: From roof to basement
Water Meter 1.0m x 1.0m x 2.5m (H) Basement
Room/Cupboard Total: 1m2 To be located within Water Services Plant Room, (see 1.2) Supply Air - Stage 2No @ 1.0 m2 1No on each side of the Theatre.
each. rd nd
West & East: From 3 Floor to the 2 Floor only.
5.4.2 Principal Mechanical Plant Rooms

Note: Currently proposed that these risers are builderswork risers, i.e. constructed out of concrete,
These following principal mechanical plant rooms will be required:
(although will need to be sealed/made air tight).
Plant/Service Size Location/Notes 5.4.5 Other Ventilation Risers
Boiler Room Total: 50m2, (3.4m h)

rd
3 Floor - East. Services: Ventilation Ductwork
[Boilers, Heating Pumps etc, Hot Area/Service Size Location/Notes

Water Plant, Cold Water break
tanks & pumps etc.] Kitchen Extract 1200w x 900d From Roof to h/l basement
Chiller Plant Room Total: 60m2 (2.8m h) 4th Floor - East. East Accommodation 2600w x 1000d From Roof 1st to h/l basement
[Chilled water pumps etc.] As required, shown adjacent to chiller. (WCs, General, Dressing Rooms
& Smoke Extract etc)
Water Services Room Total: 25m2 (3.3m h) Basement - West.
[Water pumps, tank etc.] Note: It is assumed that minimal water storage Refuge Extract 400w x 300d From h/l ground to h/l basement, (in back stage area).
will be required
West Accommodation 700w x 400d Only required from h/l basement to h/l ground.
(Ground offices & stores)
5.4.3 Principal Ventilation Plant Rooms (Internal)
These following principal ventilation plant rooms will be required:
Notes: The current space provision for the general ventilation & WC pipework riser on the east side of
the building is sufficient. The risers will be coordinated & services moved between the risers to
Plant/Service Size Location/Notes optimise the services design.
East Theatre Ventilation Plant As shown on current GAs
rd
3 Floor - East. Additional smaller ventilation risers will be required for the ancillary ventilation systems
Room. H: 4.0m MIN
Note: Currently plant room also contains the
[50% of supply & extract plant for Stage AHU. 5.4.6 General Pipework Risers.
main body of the theatre.]
Services: Pipework Services, (htg, chilled water, water services etc)
rd
West Theatre Ventilation Plant As shown on current GAs 3 Floor - West.
Room. H: 5.6m MIN
Note: Additional height required as ductwork will
[50% of supply & extract plant for need to pass over the top of the AHU. General Pipework 1.2m d x 3.0m w From 4th floor – basement
2
main body of the theatre.] Services (3.6m )
Stage Ventilation Plant Room As shown on current GAs

rd
3 Floor - East. WC Pipework Services 0.4m d x 0.8m w From 4th floor - basement
H: 4.0m MIN
[Supply & extract plant for stage.] Note: Currently plant room also contains the
Theatre – East AHU. Note: See note within 6.3.5 above.
32 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
5.4.7 Incoming Electrical Supply 5.4.10 Main Electrical Risers
Locations for the following incoming utility supplies/meters will be required: Services: Primary Electrical Services, (sub-main cabling etc)
Plant/Service Size Location/Notes Plant/Service Size Location/Notes

rd
1No Utility Electricity 4.0m x 5.0m x 3.0m (H) Ground Floor - West. Primary Electrical Services 0.8m d x 2.0m w From 3 floor - basement
Substation
Note: Good, level, 24hr access required for Note: Good access required on every floor.
Utility Provider.
rd
Life Safety Services 0.5m d x 1.2m w From 3 floor - basement
Note: Good access required on every floor.
5.4.8 Principal Electrical Plant Rooms This riser will need to be fire separated
There following electrical plant rooms will be required: from the main electrical riser, if adjacent
to each other.

2
Main LV Switch Room ~ 33m , Basement - West. 5.4.11 Local Electrical Switch Rooms/Cupboards
as shown on current GAs
Note: Located directly below sub-station as There will be a requirement for a number local distribution boards, ideally located in small rooms or cupboards. The
H: 3.2m MIN
requested/ideal. location of these switch rooms/cupboard can be agreed during Stage 3.
Battery Room 5.0m x 3.0m x 3.9m (H) 4th Floor - East. 5.4.12 External Plant – Chillers
(Emergency Lighting) Total: 15m2
Note: VA Equipment Racks will also be located in There following external plant space will be required for chillers & other heat rejection plant:
this room.
Incoming Comms 1.5m x 1.0m x 2.5m (H) Ground Floor - West.
2 2 th
Room/Cupboard Total: 1.5m Chiller Enclosure ~ 50m , 4 Floor - East.
Note: Can be located in the basement or at
as shown on current GAs
ground floor, ideally at the perimeter of Note: Louvres will be required in the façade to
H: 2.8m MIN
the building. provide the required air flow round the unit.
VRF/DX Heat Rejection Plant ~ 5 m2 4th Floor - East.
5.4.9 IT Comms Rooms Note: Currently in same external plant space as

the roof mounted ventilation plant, (see 6.2
There following IT Comms Rooms may also be required, (dependent on the Client Brief): below).
Main IT Comms Room To be advised. A number of IR Rooms are currently shown on the
5.4.13 External Plant - Air Handling Plant
[For non-production Briefing Issue GAs. These may be sufficient in size if the IT There following external plant space will be required for ventilation plant:
IT/comms] requirement is light.

Local Comms Rooms, 2.0m x 1.5m x 2.4m (H) A number of IR Rooms are currently shown on the
For non-production Estimate only GAs. These may be sufficient in size if the IT Ventilation Plant as shown on current GAs 4th Floor - East.
IT/comms] requirement is light. H: 2.0m MIN
Supply & extract plant for:
- WCs,
- Dressing Rooms,
- Basement accommodation
etc
Theatre 33
MEP Stage 2 Report
6.0 UTILITIES AND SITE SERVICES
The existing site services have been analysed using a combination of the infrastructure will be extended along Mount Pleasant Avenue. An
Terrain Surveys Ltd survey dated June 2016 and utility maps from the various 800kVA connection will serve the theatre. An application for a new
infrastructure owners. The extent of the proposed building has then been substation and associated HV connection has been made to UKPN.
considered to determine the diversions required in pre-commencement
The UKPN-owned substation will be sited on the ground floor at the
works. Finally, locations for new utility services have been outlined and utility
loads calculated for each proposed building based on typical requirements for West of the theatre building to serve the theatre.
each building use.
2. Gas: An application has been made to Southern Gas Networks (SGN)
Refer to TH-A10– series drawings. These drawings show locations of existing for a new connection and U100 meter. The meter will be served
services, required diversions and new site services required to suit the from SGN’s existing infrastructure on site which is assumed to
proposed theatre. provide a connection to the existing building ‘The Lodge’.
3. Water: A new connection application has been made to South East

Water. It is proposed the connection will be taken from South East
6.1 Existing site services Water’s existing infrastructure on Mount Pleasant Avenue to the
West. The water connection will connect to the proposed basement
Water and gas are taken from Mount Pleasant Avenue. LV electrical supplies
water plantroom to the West of the building.
are taken from substations to the North and South of the site.
4. Comms: Openreach infrastructure is to be extended to the Theatre

6.2 Load assessment and proposed site services from Mount Pleasant Avenue. The connection will terminate in the
proposed Comms room to be located to the West of the theatre on
The utility loads outlined in the table below have formed the basis for utility
applications. the Ground Floor
Electrical Water Peak Gas Peak

Supply Peak Daily Demand
Demand KVA Demand M3/hr
(litres)
Predicted 800 4,000 62
maximum
demand
6.3 Utility applications and diversion

Utility connections serving the existing buildings to be demolished are to be
disconnected and redundant cabling and pipework removed.
At this stage we have also identified various services which pass through the
footprint of the proposed building which will need diverting before work
commences on site. LV feeds to the existing car park and overhead telecom
cables will need to be removed.
The proposals and progress can be summarised as follows:
1. Electricity: A substation is proposed in the theatre to serve both the

theatre and office building. In order to serve the substation, we
anticipate the UK Power Network (UKPN) owned high voltage (HV)
34 Theatre
MEP Stage 2 Report
Theatre 35
MEP Stage 2 Report
Tunbridge Wells Civic Centre - Theatre
Architect: Allies and Morrison
Issue Status: STAGE 2 INFORMATION
TABLE 1 OF 3: PROPOSED NEW LIFTS: GENERAL SPECIFICATION
LIFT SPEC
REF LIFT TYPE LOCATION DESCRIPTION CAPACITY PERSONS SPEED TRAVEL STOPS/ LEVELS SERVED TYPE ISSUES/NOTES
kg m/s m DOORS B Grd 1 2 3 4
L/TW/T/L1 Passenger FOH Foyer Lift 1000 13 1.6 ~11.98 5/5 - √ √(2) √ √ - Through Car
L/TW/T/L2 Passenger FOH Foyer Lift 1000 13 1.6 ~11.98 5/5 - √ √(2) √ √ - Through Car
L/TW/T/L3 Passenger BOH BOH Lift 630 8 1.0 ~9.55 5/5 √ √(2) - √(2) - - Through Car To be used as an evacuation lift, (to BS 9999).
L/TW/T/L4 Goods BOH Goods/Production Lift 1600 21 0.5 ~16.95 5/5 √ √ - √ √ √ Single Entry Car
L/TW/T/L5 Goods BOH Goods/Passenger Lift 630 8 1.0 ~16.95 6/6 √ √ √ √ √ √ Single Entry Car
√(2) Stops at 2 levels at this floor

TABLE 2 OF 3: PROPOSED NEW LIFTS: CAR & SHAFT SIZES
LIFT CAR LIFT DOORS LIFT SHAFT

CW
PIT
REF LIFT TYPE LOCATION DESCRIPTION SAFETY CONTROL
WIDTH DEPTH HEIGHT WIDTH HEIGHT OPENING WIDTH DEPTH DEPTH HEADROOM
GEAR
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
L/TW/T/L1 Passenger FOH Foyer Lift 1600 1400 2300 1000 2200 Centre 2150 2000 1500 3900 No
Group supervisory, (2 car
group).
L/TW/T/L2 Passenger FOH Foyer Lift 1600 1400 2300 1000 2200 Centre 2150 2000 1500 3900 No
L/TW/T/L3 Passenger BOH BOH Lift 1100 1400 2200 900 2100 Centre 2000 2000 1500 3600 No Fully collective.
L/TW/T/L4 Goods BOH Goods/Production Lift 1400 2400 2300 1400 2100 Side 2350 2800 1400 3900 No Fully collective.
L/TW/T/L5 Goods BOH Goods/Passenger Lift 1100 1400 2200 900 2100 Side 1600 1800 1500 3900 No Fully collective.
Theatre: Lift Schedule

J6112/TH-X1-500 rev A
Max Fordham LLP T + 44 (0)20 7267 5161 maxfordham.com © Max Fordham LLP Max Fordham is a Limited Liability Partnership Registered office: J6112 Tunbridge Wells
42–43 Gloucester Crescent F + 44 (0)20 7482 0329 Registered in England and Wales 42-43 Gloucester Crescent, 22 July 2016 / CH / page 1 of 3
London NW1 7PE Number OC300026 London NW1 7PE TH-X1-500.docx
TABLE 3 OF 3: PROPOSED NEW LIFTS: FINISHES (PROVSIONAL)
LIFTS LANDING DOORS CAR DOORS CAR FINISHES CONTROLS OTHER FEATURES
Passenger Lifts
L/TW/T/L1 Doors: Power operated horizontal sliding doors. Doors: Power operated horizontal sliding doors. Lift Finishes to be agreed with the Architect. Landings: Up/down call push buttons as Position indicators: Above each landing door.
Two panel, side/central opening, (as Two panel, side/central opening. Walls: TBA necessary. Lift supplier to provide;
L/TW/T/L2
Table 2). Material/Finish: Steel, galvanised. Floor: Recessed to take floor finish by others. Car: Push buttons for each floor & door open. & - All ancillary equipment, i.e. pit ladders etc./
L/TW/T/L3 Fire Rating: Not Required. Architraves: Steel, galvanised. Ceiling: TBA key switch to park doors in open position. - All shaft power & lighting.
Material/Finish: Steel, galvanised. Safety: Non-contact multi-beam device giving Handrail: TBA Options, (Lift dependent):
L/TW/T/L5
Architraves: Steel, galvanised. blanket coverage of door opening. Mirror: TBA - Lift controls to allow individual lifts to be
Sills: One piece with non-slip surface c/w door “nudging” feature. Car Control Panel: Bespoke panel. designated as express lifts, (to specific floors).
in stainless steel. Lighting: TBA
Non-maintained emergency lighting of
1 hour minimum duration.
All finishes to comply with BS5588.
Goods Lifts
L/TW/T/L4 Doors: Power operated horizontal sliding doors. Doors: Power operated horizontal sliding doors. Lift Finishes to be agreed with the Architect. Landings: Up/down call push buttons as Lift supplier to provide;
Multi panel, side/central opening. Multi panel, side/central opening. Walls: Folded mild steel panels, galvanised necessary. - All ancillary equipment, i.e. pit ladders etc./
Fire Rating: Not Required. Material/Finish: Steel, galvanised. Floor: Non-skid, mild steel deck with grit Car: Push buttons for each floor & door open. & - All shaft power & lighting.
Material/Finish: Steel, galvanised. Architraves: Steel, galvanised. impregnated epoxy paint finish. key switch to park doors in open position.
Architraves: Steel, galvanised. Safety: Non-contact multi-beam device Ceiling: Folded mild steel panels, galvanised Options, (Lift dependent):
Sills: One piece with non-slip surface mounted at 500mm and 1500mm Handrail: Anti-bump rails - Control via card reader, (access control
in stainless steel. Mirror: None system).
Car Control Panel: Bespoke panel.
Lighting: TBA

J6112/TH-X1-500 rev A
Notes Rev Date Status Description Engineer Project

Leader
1. Based upon A&M layouts issued on 31/10/16 A 07/11/16 INFORMATION REVISED STAGE 2 ISSUE MPN MPN
* 12/08/16 INFORMATION STAGE 2 ISSUE MPN MPN

J6112/TH-X1-500 rev A
D2
OFFICE/CARPARK
Tunbridge Wells Civic Development
Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
6
21 December 2016
Max Fordham LLP
Max Fordham LLP ISSUE HISTORY
42/43 Gloucester Crescent
London
NW1 7PE Issue Date Description
T +44 (0)20 7267 5161
F +44 (0)20 7482 0329 1 12/08/2016 Stage 2 Report
maxfordham.com
2 01/09/2016 Stage 2 Report (Energy section revised)
Max Fordham LLP is a Limited Liability
Partnership.
3 08/09/2016 Stage 2 Report (Lighting section revised)
Registered in England and Wales
Number OC300026. 4 07/11/2016 Stage 2 Report (Revised Scheme)
Registered office:
42–43 Gloucester Crescent 5 25/11/2016 Stage 2 Report (Revised Scheme)
London NW1 7PE
This report is for the private and 6 21/12/2016 Stage 2 Report (Revised Scheme) Client Comments
confidential use of the clients for
whom the report is undertaken and
should not be reproduced in whole or
in part or relied upon by third parties
for any use whatsoever without the
express written authority of Max
Fordham LLP
© Max Fordham LLP
MAX FORDHAM LLP TEAM CONTRIBUTORS

Engineer Role
Mark Nutley Senior Partner
Matt Oliver Project Leader
Laurence Owen Project Engineer + HVAC Design
Hazel Selby Lighting Designer
John Bone Energy Strategy
Alexia Charisi Environmental Design
J:\J6112\Reports\Stage 2\Tunbridge Wells Civic Campus Stage 2 Office 21112016.docx

CONTENTS 7.3 Crescent Road Car Park 50
1.0 Introduction 4 8.0 Utilities and Site Services 54

1.1 Context and site 4 8.1 Existing site services 54
1.2 Aims and objectives 4 8.2 Load assessment and proposed site services 54
1.3 Accompanying Drawings 4 8.3 Utility applications and diversion 54
2.0 Office HVAC Study 5

2.1 Natural Ventilation 5
2.2 Enhanced Natural Ventilation with Supplementary Cooling /
Thermal Mass 6
2.3 Fan Coil System (4-pipe ceiling mounted) 7
2.4 VRF Split Units / DX 8
2.5 Active Chilled Beam System (4-pipe system) 9
2.6 Variable Air Volume System (VAV) 10
2.7 Under Floor Displacement Ventilation System 11
2.8 Passive Chilled Beams (With Under Floor Displacement
Ventilation) 12
2.9 Chilled Ceilings 13
3.0 Facades, Envelope and passive DEsign 15

3.1 Introduction 15
3.2 Prioritising passive design 15
3.3 Daylight and solar control 15
3.4 Analysis and options appraisal 16
3.5 Daylight Modelling 17
3.6 Fabric performance 19
4.0 Lighting Design 20

4.1 Offices 20
4.3 Council Chamber 23
4.4 Entrance 24
4.5 25
4.6 Café 26
4.7 Lighting Design Values 26
5.0 Energy Strategy 27

5.1 Introduction 27
5.2 LZC Technologies 29
5.3 Feasibility Study 31
5.4 Life Cycle Assessment 33
5.5 Results Commentary 34
6.0 MEP Services Description - Office 35

6.1 Mechanical 35
6.2 Electrical 39
7.0 MEP Services Description – Car Park 46

7.1 Mechanical 46
7.2 Electrical 48
Office 3
MEP Stage 2 Report
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The energy strategy has been considered and a feasibility study has been
1.1 Context and site produced to examine the most cost effective means of achieving the energy
targets.
Part of a new civic development in the centre of Tunbridge Wells, this new
town hall and civic office building will be built on the site of an existing town
centre car park. The main aspects of the overarching civic development are: 1.3 Accompanying Drawings
 New 1200 seat theatre The following drawings accompany this report to convey the intent of the
 New town hall comprising civic offices, council chambers, lettable Stage 2 MEP design:
office space, café, multi-storey car park
 New multi-storey below ground car park
 Public realm and landscaping around new buildings
Drawing Drawing Title Current
The site is located in Calverley Ground in the centre of the town, the new No. Revision
development will be located adjacent to a large green space but also close to OF-A10-001 Office_Site Services - Existing A
the town centre amenities and train station. OF-A10-002 Office_Site Services - Utility Diversions A
OF-A10-003 Office_Site Services - New A
The new civic building will accommodate the following spaces: OF-S1-020 Office_Water Services Schematic A
OF-U10-020 Office_Ventilation Schematic A
 Open plan office space for council back of house office functions OF-V20-020 Office_LV Distribution Electrical Schematic B
 Council chambers OF-X1-500 Office_Lift Schedule A
 Meeting rooms OF-Z10-GF Office_Plant & Services Distribution_Ground A
 Café Floor
 Large entrance foyer OF-Z10-L1 Office_Plant & Services Distribution_First Floor A
 Plant rooms and other ancillary spaces OF-Z10- Office_Plant & Services Distribution_First Floor A
 Multi-storey car park L1M Mezzanine
OF-Z10-L2 Office_Plant & Services Distribution_Second Floor A
The project will be assessed under the Building Research Establishment OF-Z10-L3 Office_Plant & Services Distribution_Third Floor A
Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM), the client has set the target of OF-Z10-L4 Office_Plant & Services Distribution_Fourth Floor A
“Very Good” for this project. OF-Z10-L5 Office_Plant & Services Distribution_Fifth Floor A
OF-Z11-GF Office_HVAC Strategy Zones_Ground Floor A
OF-Z11-L1 Office_HVAC Strategy Zones_First Floor *
1.2 Aims and objectives OF-Z11-L2 Office_HVAC Strategy Zones_Second Floor *
OF-Z11-L3 Office_HVAC Strategy Zones_Third Floor *
This is the Stage 2 MEP (mechanical, electrical and public health AKA Building OF-Z11-L4 Office_HVAC Strategy Zones_Fourth Floor *
services) engineering report for the Tunbridge Wells Civic Campus Civic Office OF-Z11-L5 Office_HVAC Strategy Zones_Fifth Floor *
building. CP-U10-020 Car Park_Ventilation Schematic - Car Park Zone A
CP-V20-020 A
Car Park_LV Distribution Electrical Schematic
The aim of this report and the accompanying drawings is to convey the
current strategy for the MEP design and the environmental design for the
new building.
The drawings and services description provide the basis for the next stage of
design. Plant space and main distribution routes have been discussed and
agreed with the architect and design team.
Some of the sections of the report are intended as references, guides or

options to be explored in more detail during the next stage with the rest of
the design team.
4 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
2.0 OFFICE HVAC STUDY
2.1 Natural Ventilation

Advantages:
Natural ventilation relies on the natural forces of wind and buoyancy to move Passive system, low energy requirement Capital Cost
air within a building. 5
Low maintenance requirement
Sustainability 4 Running Cost
This is generally achieved by simply providing openable windows, either No ceiling or floor space requirement 3
manually openable or actuated and automated. Noise constraints however 2
Preference of occupants to have access to openable windows.
sometimes require acoustically attenuated openings. Underground labyrinths 1
to pre-cool air entering the building can also be used. Disadvantages
Flexibility 0 Carbon
Difficult to provide blackout with openable windows
Strategies can be as simple as wind driven schemes with windows on a single-
Control of high temperature and low humidity difficult
sided façade or cross flow across a dual aspect room, to buoyancy driven
schemes assisted by stacks, atria or the building’s façade itself. Cannot achieve brief 24+/-2 degC
Aesthetics Comfort
While building occupants generally prefer to have openable windows natural Infiltration of external environment (temperature, smells, noise)
ventilation may not always be suitable or effective. Factors that can make a Security issues with openable windows Control
naturally ventilated building difficult are noise, pollution, single aspect
buildings and occupant density or building form.
Office 5
MEP Stage 2 Report
2.2 Enhanced Natural Ventilation with
Supplementary Cooling / Thermal Mass Advantages:
Passive system, low energy requirement Capital Cost
Natural Ventilation can be enhanced by adding a degree of temperature 5
control using a low-energy cooling system such as embedded coils in the floor Low maintenance requirement
Sustainability 4 Running Cost
or ceiling, or taking advantage of the building’s thermal mass. Preference of occupants to have access to openable windows. 3
Thermal mass schemes use the heat storing capacity of dense materials like Evens out spikes in temperature through thermal inertia 2
concrete which can even out temperature spikes by absorbing heat when the Disadvantages 1
surroundings are hotter than the mass and releasing heat when the Flexibility 0 Carbon
Difficult to provide blackout with natural ventilation
surroundings are cooler. Phase-change materials are also available which
harness the changing states of carefully chosen materials to provide large Control of humidity difficult
amounts of thermal mass for greatly reduced weights and volumes of
Infiltration of external environment (temperature, smells, noise)
materials. Aesthetics Comfort
Security issues with openable windows
Thermal mass strategies rely on cooling the mass down at night and so
require secure natural ventilation which is generally automated for Thermal mass limits architectural finishes Control
convenience and reliability. This requires actuated openings. Thermal mass can add cost as it relies on a heavyweight structure
If additional cooling is required, to mitigate solar gain, occupant density or if

future climate is a concern, then embedded pipework can be provided in the
floor or ceiling through which low-grade chilled water or ground water can be
circulated. On some schemes the pipework is cast in but not connected up as
it’s not needed in the short-term but helps safeguard future flexibility.
Concrete slab discharges Warm air discharges to

heat to the cool night air outside via openings atop light
well
Cool night air cools slab at night
Secure night time openings
6 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
2.3 Fan Coil System (4-pipe ceiling mounted)
Advantages:
Fan coil systems comprise of local units in the ceiling void of a room to
provide heating and cooling to the space, with heating and chilled water Plant and shaft space allocations are minimal
systems supplying to each unit. Each fan coil unit takes fresh air from supply Good flexibility
ductwork and recirculated air from the room and heats or cools it before Capital Cost
blowing it back into the room. Exhaust air is sucked out of the void by a return Proven technology 5
duct to provide a balanced system. Sustainability 4 Running Cost
Individual control over a wide range of load demand
3
The fan coil units are spaced in modular fashion along both the perimeter and Refrigeration plant and air handling plant operate at conventional 2
internal zones, e.g. 1 per 6m x 3m perimeter zone and 1 per 6m x 8.5m temperatures 1
internal zone.
Reduced capital cost compared with some other established systems [VAV] Flexibility 0 Carbon
The units can be controlled locally, with one or more thermostats in the room Additional units can be added for high load areas
maintaining a set room or zone temperature by differentiating fan Disadvantages:
modulation and /or valve setting.
Maintenance required to fan coil units throughout the occupied space in Aesthetics Comfort
ceiling voids [Quarterly].
Significant amount of the ceiling space required for the FCUs, ductwork and Control
pipework distribution
Large access hatches required in plasterboard ceilings.
Noise levels may be unacceptable
Relatively high operating costs
Extensive chilled water condensate drainage distribution
Performance degradation often evident after only 5 years
Potential draught problems
Office 7
MEP Stage 2 Report
2.4 VRF Split Units / DX
Advantages:
Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems are similar to fan coil systems, with
local fan-driven room-units providing heating and cooling, but rather than Proven technology and low cost Capital Cost
heated or chilled water flowing to each unit, it is refrigerant, directly from 5
Can provide heating and cooling simultaneously, and heat recovery
outdoor units exchanging heat with the atmosphere. The refrigerant changes Sustainability 4 Running Cost
phase as it passes through each indoor unit, providing heating or cooling, and Requires only small riser space as air is not moved 3
again when it reaches the outdoor unit, exchanging heat with the
Can cope with high cooling loads 2
atmosphere. 1
Disadvantages
There is normally a 100m limitation between the external unit and the most Separate system required for fresh air
remote room unit. A three pipe system allows heating and cooling
Cassette units not very architecturally compatible (although ducted units are
simultaneously.
available – adds to cost)
VRF systems can be more efficient than fan-coil systems, as they allow High maintenance Aesthetics Comfort
simultaneous heating and cooling and have reduced equipment overheads.
However, they use significantly more refrigerants, which have global warming Relatively high noise level
Control
potential. Higher volumes of refrigerant in system
Terminal units noisy
8 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
2.5 Active Chilled Beam System (4-pipe system)
Advantages:
An active chilled beam is a ceiling mounted induction unit which instead using
of a fan, uses a supply of centrally-provided fresh air to draw room air across Improved comfort and air movement through natural forces Capital Cost
the unit’s heating and cooling coils, blowing the mixed and treated air back 5
Relatively low maintenance, primarily at central plant
into the room. Sustainability 4 Running Cost
Plant and shaft space allocations are minimised 3
Heating and cooling can be achieved with the same unit and ‘dummy’ units 2
Can be used in conjunction with low-grade source of cooling [e.g.
can be used to extract stale air from the space. 1
borehole/aquifer]
As supply air is tempered, dehumidified and distributed by central air Reduced operational costs
handling plant, and individual room units do not require a fan, active chilled
Low noise levels
beams have reduced noise and maintenance issues when compared with a
fan coil unit system or VAV installation. Simple self-compensating control
Aesthetics Comfort
Beams can be integrated with the ceiling or suspended beneath it. Lighting, Lighting can be integrated into beam
controls and detection systems can be incorporated within the units. Disadvantages Control
Relatively slow response to varying loads
The cooling capacity of these systems is in the order of 100-150 W/m², less
than fan-coils and VRF systems. Flexibility is reduced as units cannot be easily Dehumidification requires consideration (dealt with in central AHU)
relocated compared with fan-coil or VRF terminals. Risk of condensation (but overcome by the use of controls)
Chilled water supply temperatures to the beams is higher than to fan coils, so Significant amount of the ceiling space required for the actual beams and
lower-grade cooling can be used, which means better efficiencies and the ductwork, pipework distribution
opportunity to use more sustainable sources such as ground water or bodies
of water.
Office 9
MEP Stage 2 Report
2.6 Variable Air Volume System (VAV)
Advantages:
This is an all air system that utilises a centralised variable volume air handling
unit to deliver air at a constant temperature all year round. Air is distributed Proven technology Capital Cost
to each zone via local ceiling mounted VAV boxes which can provide further 5
Individual zone control over a wide range of load demand
“trim” heat the air when necessary, but do not provide additional cooling. Sustainability 4 Running Cost
Reduced chilled and condensate water distribution network 3
The supply air volume to the space varies according to the load conditions. 2
Ability to raise distribution air temperature in severe winter conditions
The main air distribution is high velocity reducing to low velocity via the VAV 1
boxes. Space temperature is controlled by means of room sensors adjusting Disadvantages:
air flow rate via dampers in the VAV boxes. The fresh air is conditioned and Requires large plant space
delivered directly by the central AHU plant at constant volume.
Requires large risers and horizontal distribution routes
VAV systems are generally more efficient than fan coil or VRF systems, Comparatively high capital cost
however they also tend to be less flexible, as room partition changes trigger Aesthetics Comfort
major ductwork re-routing and the system cannot accommodate changes in Noise level potential requires careful consideration
occupant density. Can present draft [dumping] problems if poorly designed Control
More complex controls
High fan energy
Can use significantly more energy than other systems if some spaces demand
heating while other demand cooling
10 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
2.7 Under Floor Displacement Ventilation System
Advantages:
An all-air system that uses centralised air handling plant which can deliver air
at a variable temperature/volume to the occupied zone either at low level or Very good air quality
via the floor void. The air is delivered to the space either by floor void surface Reduced chilled water and condensate network
mounted swirl diffusers or by large floor mounted diffuser units. Capital Cost
Low maintenance costs 5
The air is supplied to the space at a relatively high temperature [18°C] and at Sustainability 4 Running Cost
Low energy costs
very low velocity. 3
Disadvantages 2
The layer of cool air at low level absorbs the room heat gains and by Large plant and riser space required – due to high air volumes 1
convection rises to exit via ceiling mounted return air grilles. Room conditions
Comparatively high capital cost Flexibility 0 Carbon
are controlled via room mounted temperature sensors. The minimum fresh
air requirement is constantly provided by the central plant. Limited load capacity
Displacement ventilation has the ability to produce very comfortable and Raised floor plenum needs to be well sealed.
fresh conditions with relatively high efficiency, but is limited in cooling output Deep raised floor required.
Aesthetics Comfort
in spaces with lower ceiling heights such as offices.
Complaints of cold draughts around occupants feet if diffusers badly located.
Control
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MEP Stage 2 Report
2.8 Passive Chilled Beams (With Under Floor
Displacement Ventilation) Advantages:
Very good air quality
When additional cooling is required, passive chilled beams can be used.
Lower energy costs
Displacement ventilation can be quite limited in cooling output if ceiling Disadvantages
heights are relatively low, such as in offices, rather than theatres or larger
Large plant and riser space required – due to high air volumes
public spaces. In order to keep cooling demands low, either the fabric and
façade of the building must be tightly engineered, or additional cooling Comparatively high capital cost
supplied. Passive chilled beams are one way to achieve supplementary
Raised floor plenum needs to be well sealed.
cooling
Deep raised floor required.
Likewise, naturally ventilated buildings can struggle to meet comfortable
temperatures in particularly hot weather, especially if the façade is not tightly Complaints of cold draughts around occupants feet if diffusers badly located.
controlled or the building material does not lend itself to thermal mass and
night cooling. Passive chilled beams are another way to provide
supplementary cooling in these types of spaces.
Passive chilled beams can be integrated into the ceiling for better aesthetics
or be surface fixed for greater flexibility and reduced cost.
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MEP Stage 2 Report
2.9 Chilled Ceilings
Advantages:
This uses ceiling mounted panels with chilled water to provide radiant and
convective cooling in a space. Chilled ceilings are suitable for areas where Potentially better comfort in some spaces due to radiant cooling rather than
total heat gains are less than 60 W/m². A typical modern day office cooling purely convective
load is around 100 W/m². Chilled water temperatures must remain above Reliable and low maintenance requirements due to minimal moving parts in
approximately 15 degrees to avoid condensation. office spaces (chiller plant still requires maintenance). Flexible hose
connections require replacement every 8-10 years, which reduces this benefit
It is unlikely that a chilled ceiling system can be used without some significantly
supplementary cooling in the form of:
Disadvantages
 Fin coiled batteries (image below) to bolster the chilled ceiling High capital cost because chilled panels are required across the entire ceiling,
system, particularly around the perimeter of spaces where the solar plus supplementary cooling, costs may increase further depending on quality
gain is highest. Fin coiled batteries require 50% open area with 5mm of finish.
holes for the convection required – thus making the fin coils visible.
Requires supplementary cooling, meaning potentially two types of cooling
This higher capacity in localised areas cooling can lead to draughts
system are required.
below.
 Fan coil units as discussed in other options in this report. Dominates the aesthetic of the space
Difficult to control temperature zonally in a large space
Mechanical ventilation will still be required at the same rate as with the other
mechanical cooling systems, unless natural ventilation will be considered Very slow response and difficult to guarantee a set point temperature in
acceptable by the client. warm sunny weather.
The panels could be used for heating as well, depending on the product Difficult to reconfigure and change control zones, for example if adding
partitions or changing layouts.
chosen.
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MEP Stage 2 Report
The following matrix compares the above HVAC options based on
components of costs, physical size, resultant environment and other
comments such as relative adaptability.
Cost Physical size Environment Comments
System Capital Running/ Central Riser Duct Mounting Ceiling Floor Overall Air Temp Noise Environ/ Adapt/ Satisfy Advantages Disadvantages
Cost Energy Plant Size Quality Control Level Comfort Flexibility Brief
Cost Size
Very Dep on Low energy/carbon Summer overheating in

Natural Ventilation Low (80%) Very Low Low None - nil or 150 Nil or 150 0-300 Poor Medium Poor No
good Ext (real terms) hot weather
Natural Ventilation Medium No

Medium Ceiling or Very Dep on Low energy/carbon
with supplementary Low Low None nil or 150 Nil or 150 0-300 Medium Good Poor [V Low Slow response
Low floor good Ext (real terms)
cooling/thermal mass (100%) Carbon]
Medium
Medium Requires quarterly
Fan Coil Units Low Medium Low Ceiling 500-600 Nil or 150 500-750 Medium Good NR35/40 Medium Good Yes Proven Technology
(100%) maintenance.
(100%)
High maintenance and
Medium Low-
Can benefit from the need to run
VRF Split Units Low Medium Medium Low Ceiling 400-500 Nil or 150 400-650 Medium Good NR35/40 Medium Good Yes
heat recovery refrigerant around
(100%) (90-100%)
building
Can be used with
Medium Low (80- Medium- Slower response then
Active Chilled Beam Medium Ceiling 300-450 Nil or 150 300-600 Good Good NR30 Good Good/Med Yes low grade cooling
(100-120%) 85%) High FCUs to varying loads.
source
Requires separate air
Passive Chilled Beam Can be used with
Medium Ceiling Very Very supply and
with Displacement Low (80%) Medium Medium 200-300 300 500-600 Good NR30 Poor Yes low grade cooling
(110-130%) and floor good Good heating(/cooling)
Vent source
systems.
High (120- Medium Ceiling or Individual zone

Variable Air Volume High High 600 Nil or 150 600-750 Good Good NR35/40 Good Good/Med No High noise levels.
150%) (100-110%) wall control.
Displacement High (110- Low (80- Medium-

High Floor nil or 150 500 500-650 Good Good NR30/35 Good Medium Possibly Within floor. Limited output capacity.
Ventilation 140%) 85%) High
Limited output capacity,

Chilled ceilings High (TBC) Medium Medium Low Ceiling 400 Nil or 150 400-550 Medium Poor NR30 Medium Poor Possibly Low maintenance need supplementary
cooling system
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MEP Stage 2 Report
3.0 FACADES, ENVELOPE AND PASSIVE DESIGN
 using planting and green areas within the landscape to improve air  Opening up the façade in areas adjacent to high ceiling spaces helps
3.1 Introduction quality; bring valuable daylight deep into the building, and helps to
invigorate the circulation spaces by allowing direct sun into non-
sensitive spaces
The Building Envelope offers protection against the outside weather and
provides access to daylight and views. 3.3 Daylight and solar control  Conversely in some spaces the ability to change from daylit to grey-
out or black-out may be important
Daylight, views and access to outside must be balanced against solar shading Daylight is a positive influence in lighting, for the following reasons:  To ensure the lower floors receive sufficient coverage of daylight,
and energy consumption, and to solve this equation we must very carefully options may include moving the windows up in the room and
analyse and optimise the size and position of the glazing in the building increasing the amount of glazing, as well as making use of light
 Daylight has exceptional colour rendering and spectral balance
envelope. Passive measures should be prioritised over active systems to coloured finishes.
 Some modulation of light levels (as clouds pass overhead for
provide appropriate environmental control. example) gives a ‘live’ feeling to rooms.
 Users appreciate a ‘connection’ with the external environment
In addition to shading and daylight, the issues of glare and overheating must through daylight
be considered. In order to find the best design, we will carry out a number of  Changes of tone in daylight throughout the day (warm light in the
concurrent studies which assess the performance of the building – see morning and evening and cooler light in the middle of the day)
Daylight/Energy Modelling section. further amplify the connection with outside and drive many of our
bodies’ natural rhythms and processes
Furthermore, when combined with a comprehensive artificial lighting control

system, significant energy savings on lighting electricity usage can be realised.
Whilst our aim is to design a building which is ‘light and airy’, the building
must also be very energy efficient and thus prevented from overheating from
excessive solar gains. These are competing aims and thus a successful design
must find an appropriate balance between them.
Example of methods to increase daylight in Offices

Balance between glazing area and enery use
For areas where overheating is a particular risk, but where glazing is
important, we can also consider the use of external solar shading elements.
3.2 Prioritising passive design These could be fixed brises-soleils or movable blinds and louvres.
We can avoid expensive and maintenance intensive systems by making the

most of the site and its natural resources.
Key passive measures we will consider include:
 arranging the internal spaces to maximise the advantages of the site

(views, solar gain, wind, etc.);
 the use of exposed thermal mass to reduce the need for active Balance between daylight and solar shading.
cooling (air-conditioning);
 the use of the building form to maximise natural lighting whenever The following measures can help improve access to daylight
and wherever possible and appropriate;
 providing high levels of thermal insulation to the building fabric;  The glazing area on the northern façade can be maximised, as
 detailing the building fabric for air-tight construction. excessive solar gain in summer is not an issue
 using natural ventilation where possible (for example the offices and
entrances);
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MEP Stage 2 Report
Sun Penetration Analysis
• The studies use sun position and strength to predict where direct sun
falls during the course of a day
• During the heating season direct sun can provide a very useful free
source of energy. Sunlight has physiological and psychological
benefits too
• Blinds or louvres may be required where direct sun reaches fixed

seated areas, to avoid glare and thermal discomfort
Insolation analysis
Examples of types of solar shading devices • Insolation analysis uses validated weather data to analyse the
amount of direct and diffuse solar radiation falling onto the facades
Example – using vertical solar shades on east west facades, and horizontal • The model calculates cumulative annual and summertime gains and
The need for solar shading depends not only on the orientation of each peak insolation
solar shades on south facades
elevation and the amount of glazing but also on how exposed a particular
window is. Glazing in corners, near to neighbouring buildings or at lower • The model includes surrounding buildings but not new trees and
levels can require less shading than top floors which have an unoccluded view landscaping, in order to give conservative and reliable results
of the sun and sky.
• These values are used to assess compliance with Building
Solar shading designed to suit the orientation of the facade against the hot Regulations Part L(II) and to ensure that peak loads are within the
summer sun can lower energy costs whilst still providing good daylight and capacity of the proposed HVAC strategy
views out
Daylight Level Analysis
• Light levels are assessed in two different ways – by daylight factor,

which considers a completely cloudy sky, and by lux level at defined
times using real weather data, and which measures both sun and
skylight
• The model includes surrounding buildings and also trees and

landscaping, in order to give conservative and reliable results
• It is cloudy with no sun for approximately 75% of daylit hours in

Example - angled louvres on the west facade Tunbridge Wells, however designing for sunlight as well as skylight
brings many benefits (such as higher light levels and an increased
. connection to outside)
• Based on BS 8206, EN 12464 and the BRE guides, we could set a

target, such as 1.5% DF on the working plane for daylit work spaces
3.4 Analysis and options appraisal to avoid having lights on
We have carried out a preliminary simulation (see Daylight/Energy Modelling • Based on the Green Building Council guide, we could set a target of
Section) 108 lux at 9am and 3pm on a clear September day as the target for
spaces being sunlit
As the project progresses we can also analyse each facade in order to exploit
the opportunities of, and tackle the challenges associated with their specific • Based on BREEAM criteria we could set a target of 0.8 DF for spaces
orientation. feeling daylit (but still requiring electric lighting)
These analyses could include
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MEP Stage 2 Report
3.5 Daylight Modelling
A computer simulation technique has been used to model and predict the
daylight quantity and distribution of the typical office floor plate.
A picture of the model geometry along with the pertinent modelling

parameters are illustrated in the adjacent picture.
Building Component Reflection Transmission

Internal ceiling Modelled at 70% N/A
Corresponds to bright white finish

with some non-white recessed or
suspended.
Internal walls Modelled at 60% N/A
Corresponds to a light colour

finish with some darker objects on
the walls
Internal floor Modelled at 30%
Corresponds to a typical carpet
External glazing Approx. 10% N/A
Typical value for solar control 70%

glazing
Corresponds to high
East Facade South Facade West Facade performance solar control
glazing.
External view of a single floor
Daylight modelling geometry and parameters.
Note model includes depth of wall reveals.
Office 17
MEP Stage 2 Report
The picture below illustrates the results of the daylight modelling for a Possible improvements of the daylight distribution include the following:
scenario under a CIE 10000 Lux sky. The predicted average daylight factors for
the various spaces are :  Increase the floor to ceiling height and/or reduce the plan depth
 Add more glazing at high level
 Office 1 (South) 1.9%  Reduce the reveal depth and / or use splayed reveals
 Office 2 (East) 2.2%
 Office 3 (West) 2.1% The fact the daylight is a little on the low side suggests more glazing could be
beneficial. This can be explored further with the architect during the next
Whilst these average are reasonable, the minimum values are a bit on the stage of design.
dim side. For example, the basic BREEAM credit for daylight stipulates 2%
average and 0.8% minimum. The results show that large areas of the office
have less than 0.8% daylight factor. (The enhanced BREEAM standard is 4%
average and 1.6% minimum)
Predated daylight factor (%) . Internal view looking South.
Daylight modelling results for typical floor plan office spaces. Results on working plane (800mmfrom floor) Overcast Sky 10,000 Lux external. 200 Lux = 2% daylight factor. 80 Lux = 0.8% daylight factor.
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MEP Stage 2 Report
3.6 Fabric performance
The building fabric will have high levels of thermal insulation and air tightness
in order to reduce the heat loss from the building during winter.
As a minimum the thermal performance of the building envelope must be

designed to comply with Part L of the Building Regulations 2013. The
assessment method for the Regulations takes a more holistic approach to
energy use by requiring a carbon emission calculation to be performed on the
whole building and its systems, rather than a simple ‘elemental’ method
whereby each part of the building meets a prescribed standard.
The table below summarises the maximum permissible building envelope

performance requirements and the target values for this project.
Maximum Notional
Proposed
Building Element Permissible Building
Values
Part L2A 2013 Part L2A 2013 High performance glazing
Solid façade panel with high levels of insulation and low emissivity
Wall U-value Clear glazing gives views and a connection to outside. Using timber frames or
0.35 0.26 0.15 These could be used whether neither views out nor daylight is required, for
(W/m2K) isolated ‘warm bridged’ metal frames will ensure the best thermal
Window U-value example in circulation and ancillary spaces, roofs. The low emissivity performance.
2 2.2 1.6 1.1 prevents swings in temperature and reduces the heat island effect.
(W/m K)
Roof lights U- There is a range of high performance glass coating and interlayers from which
2.2 1.6 1.1
value (W/m2K) we can select to make sure the targets are met. ‘Double silver’ coatings keep
Ground Floor U- heat in and reflect infra-red radiation from the sun, and interlayers can
2 0.25 0.22 0.15
value (W/m K) reduce light transmission and keep out UV to ensure artefacts are not over
Roof U-value exposed.
0.25 0.18 0.15
(W/m2K)
Air Permeability
10 3 3
m3/hr.m2
Table 1: Fabric Performance
With modern well insulated buildings the highest component of heat loss is
usually caused by unwanted infiltration through the fabric, and in particular
through joins between different building elements. This is usually easy to
remedy, but requires good attention to detailing and monitoring of the
construction process on site.
The Building Regulations require the air permeability of the building fabric to
not exceed 10m3/h/m2 at an applied pressure difference of 50Pa. This is not a
particularly onerous target and we should design to a better standard, say no Diffuse façade panel with translucent insulation
greater than 3m3/h/m2. As part of the Building Control approval, air tightness
testing is likely to be required. These panels can provide excellent levels of glare free ambient daylight
without the larger heat loss associated with glazing.
The G value and the visible light transmission factor of the glazing on each
façade is to vary based on the building orientation.
In order to optimise the envelope performance, we can choose to use

different constructions. For example.
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MEP Stage 2 Report
4.0 LIGHTING DESIGN
Our aim is to design lighting strategies which create beautifully lit, visually Direct/Indirect Lighting
pleasing environments, integrating natural daylight and artificial lighting 4.1 Offices Light fittings have both and upward and downward light distribution lighting
wherever possible. both the task area and the soffit. This can help provide a light and airy space,
which can be especially important in deep plan offices away for windows.
The Office lighting needs to be flexible, allowing for different partitioning and
Key to getting this right has been careful and detailed modelling of all the
tenant splits, as well as different furniture arrangements. The Office lighting
spaces together with a thorough review of the performance requirements
needs to be fully integrated with the daylight from the glazed facade.
that each room demands.
The target for office lighting is 500 lux, 0.5 uniformity on the working plane.
If the occupants are working at desks (e.g. in offices) light providing horizontal
This could be reduced to 300lux and task lighting provided to allow users to
illumination to the working plane is needed. If the occupants are speaking to
increase their light level when and where required.
each other or watching a presenter vertical lighting, illuminating faces, is
needed too. Contrast is important in navigational lighting. Alongside these
There are a number of options available to light office spaces some examples
requirements it is critical the lighting scheme should contribute to creating a
are given below:
comfortable, refreshing and productive environment.
Direct Lighting
Daylight plays a strong role in the lighting scheme. In addition to providing a
Light fitting provide downward lighting only on the task areas.
free source of high quality light, natural light and views to outside it creates a
more pleasant place to be in.
Example of direct/indirect fittings
Example of direct Linear Lighting
Example of linear direct/indirect fittings
Example of surface mounted downlights providing direct light
20 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
Example of circular direct/indirect pendants Lights integrated with chilled beam providing direct and indirect lighting
Indirect Lighting
This option delivers light to the task areas by reflecting all the light off the Wide linear microprism fittings will recessed into a modular ceiling
soffit. This can be provided by suspended fittings or by hidden light integrated
with bulkheads and ceiling coves.
Fitting with hidden light source mounted either side of beams
Narrow microprism fittings will recessed into a modular ceiling
The selection of the most appropriate lighting system will in part depend on
the ventilation and cooling strategy for the offices. For example integrating
the lighting and chilled beams.
Lights integrated with chilled beam providing direct and indirect lighting
Suspended indirect light fittings
Ceiling Recessed lighting

Where suspended ceilings are used throughout the floor plan recessed direct
lighting can be used. By using fitting which ‘glow’ such as micro prism diffuser
fittings a light ceiling can be achieved to prevent the feeling of low ceilings.
Office 21
MEP Stage 2 Report
Task Lighting
As with the general lighting there are a number of options for the task
lighting. To ensure task lights are left on these sockets can be controlled by
the lighting control system to ensure they are switched off when the office in
unoccupied.
Desk mounted task lights combined with linear direct/indirect lighting
Suspended task lighting
Desk mounted task lights combined with linear direct/indirect lighting

Desk mounted task lighting
Controls
To maximise the use and energy savings provided by good daylighting lighting
controls which dim the fittings to maintain the light levels will be used.
Daylight sensors with can be integral to the fittings or ceiling mounted will
monitor the light levels. This can be provided only in the areas with daylight
or across the whole office floor plate. By grouping the fittings into user areas
local overrides can be provided. To allow for changes to the layouts or desks
and spaces within the offices providing a networked lighting control system
will allow for lights to be re-grouped and assigned new controllers as needed.
Floor standing task lighting
Ceiling recessed and fitting integrated combined presence and daylight

sensors
22 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
4.3 Council Chamber
The council chamber is proposed to have a number of uses, council meeting
along with being hired out for events such as weddings. Therefore the lighting
in this space needs to be flexible to help provide the right atmosphere for the
various uses along with the correct light levels.
This can be made possible with the use of dimmable general and more
decorative fittings. The images below show the council chamber at Corby,
where suspended high bay fittings have been used along with a decorative
chandelier fitting. Fittings recessed into the timber ceilings are then used to
light above and below the viewing balcony.
Architects image or council chamber
Meeting rooms
With the other meeting rooms the same flexible lighting is appropriate but
Brent Civic with a simpler less grand approach.
The use of simple pendant fittings along with wall mounted fittings could be
used. By separately controlling these fittings different mood and effects can
be achieved.
Kings College School, Allies Morrison
Modern Times Hotel, combination of recessed linear with direct/indirect

pendants
Corby Cube Council chamber
Montmagny Courthouse
Montmagny Courthouse, recessed linear fittings
Office 23
MEP Stage 2 Report
4.4 Entrance
The entrance space is to be a double height volume with a large amount of
glazing. For the majority of the time this space will be naturally lit by daylight.
For darker days and evenings artificial lighting will be required, this could be
provided by simple purely functional fittings or by something more
decorative. Lighting can be used to highlight the key areas to aid with
navigation around the space.
Here large pendant fittings have been included over the void Suspended glowing panels are shown over the void.
Architects image of office entrance
The architects rendering of the office entrance above shows simple pendants
with some wall washing of the timber walls. Below are some additional
possibilities which we have added to the architects Stage 1 image. These
show the previous layout of the office entrance but the lighting types they
show are relevant for the current layout.
Here pendants are shown over the void and wall grazing lighting has been
introduced along with narrow beam linear downlights above the balcony
An abstract linear form could be constructed from a linear lighting system
Simple functional recessed linear fittings with opal diffusers
24 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
Example of large pendants and ceiling cove lighting
Example of linear light line system by Lightnet
Example of large pendants in an entrance foyer
Example of multiple large pendant fittings
Office 25
MEP Stage 2 Report
4.6 Café
The café area lighting shall complement the entrance lighting. Fittings shall be
chosen to provide a more intimate and relaxed space for people to gather 4.7 Lighting Design Values
and enjoy a more pleasant environment with views to the outside and
abundant daylight. The main design parameters used for the Schematic Design are presented in
the following tables. Generally the CIBSE lighting guide has been used.
Internal Area Average light level in Lux

Back of house circulation and stairs 150 on the floor
Foyer and front of house circulation 250 on the floor
Reception 300 on the working plane
Cafe 300 on the floor
Offices 500 on the working plane
Council chamber 500lux for meetings
Adjustable to lower levels for

events
Meeting Rooms 500 on the working plane
Kitchen 500 on the working plane
Corner Café by ideograf WCs 200 on the floor
Plant rooms generally 200 on the floor
Electrical/hazardous plant rooms 250 on the floor

Modern Times Hotel
Car park generally 100 on the floor
Car park – tight bends, shared walkways etc 150 on the floor
Detailed design targets for the Office area are:-

Choui Fong Tea Café
Lux level on the working plane - 500 lux, uniformity 0.5
Vertical illumination (generally) – ratio of not less than 1:2 (horizontal to
vertical illumination)
Glare index (at desks) - 21
Colour rendering index – 85
Colour temperature – 3800- 5500K daylit rooms, 3000-3800K non daylit
rooms
Café, Bistro, Bakery by JRA
26 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
5.0 ENERGY STRATEGY
The Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method
5.1 Introduction (BREEAM) is an established method of assessing the sustainability of
buildings. The assessment method is broken down into different categories
relating to sustainability, and each of these has different credits that can be
This is a feasibility study to determine the most appropriate low or zero
achieved by a building. In order to achieve a certain BREEAM rating
carbon technology to be used for the Office development as part of the
(‘Outstanding’, ‘Excellent’, Very Good’, etc.) a building will need to fulfil a
Tunbridge Wells Civic Masterplan, to reduce the carbon emissions associated
certain proportion of these credits.
with the new building.
As already discussed, this study is to fulfill a credit under BREEAM category
In order to attain the targeted BREEAM rating, credit Ene 04 Low Carbon
Ene 04.
Design requires that the most appropriate local (on-site or near-site) Low or
Zero Carbon (LZC) energy sources for the building/development be
The BREEAM target rating for the project is ‘Very Good’.
established through a suitable study. In addition to informing the design of
the building and the energy strategy, it is intended that this document
provides the relevant information to support this credit.
Local policy
Tunbridge Borough Council has published a document that covers renewable
energy in new developments.
Expertise (Energy Expert)
This LZC Feasibility Study, the subsequent design development and
Local planning policy encourages that for commercial developments of 1000
calculations have been carried out by John Bone MPhys of Max Fordham LLP.
m2 or more at least 10% of the building’s energy use should be provided by
Max Fordham LLP is a respected consultancy appointed by Royal Tunbridge
Part L2A 2013 of the Building Regulations is concerned with the conservation renewable energy sources. This is shown in the extract below from the local
Wells Borough Council to undertake mechanical, electrical and environmental
of fuel and power in new buildings other than dwellings. It sets out statutory policy (EN1) document.
design services for the project. Max Fordham LLP and John Bone are not
requirements for energy efficiency and limiting carbon emissions from
professionally connected to a single low or zero carbon technology or
buildings. It includes minimum performance standards for individual elements
manufacturer.
of the building fabric (e.g. wall, floor, fans, etc.). Computer simulation
calculations must be performed to show that the Building Emissions Rate
This Feasility Study was carried out at RIBA Stage 2.
(BER) is equal to or less than the calculated Target Emissions Rate (TER).
Project Description
BREEAM
The office building, which is the focus of this LZC report, forms part of a wider
The Office building is being assessed under BREEAM 2014.
civic masterplan for Tunbridge Wells which also incorporates a new theatre
building and car park.
The first measures proposed for reducing the new office building’s energy use
are the adoption of passive design principles; natural ventilation where
appropriate, good daylighting, high performance building fabric, and the
specification of high efficiency building services and systems. Once these
measures have reduced the energy demand the most appropriate LZC
technologies will be specified to reduce the building’s carbon emissions
further.
Planning Considerations
Building Regulations Part L2A

The Office development within the Tunbridge Wells Civic Masterplan will be
subject to the requirements of the Building Regulations Part L2A 2013:
Conservation of fuel and power in new buildings other than dwellings.
Summary
The main targets relating to carbon emissions for the new office building are:
Office 27
MEP Stage 2 Report
We undertake the discounted costs analysis using a discount rate of 3.5%.
Document Target Benchmark figure Notes
This follows the advice recommended by the government’s HMT Green Book.
2
Building Emission Rate (BER) must be Carbon target 24.2 kgCO2/m Previous project
Part L2A 2013 less than the Target Emission Rate emissions rate experience
(TER). Annual space heating 19.15 kWh/m
2
Previous project
At least 10% of the building’s energy load experience
Local Policy use should come from renewable
energy sources. Annual hot water load 12.33 kWh/m2 Previous project
experience
Content of this Report
The next section lists the technologies which have been identified as potential Heating plant size 43 kW/m2 Previous project
experience
options for mitigating emissions on the site, in line with the above. An initial
assessment of technical feasibility and general site suitability has been carried
out.
Carbon emissions
Section 3 then describes a more detailed assessment of those technologies The following carbon emissions factors have been used in our calculation.
considered technically feasible, considering financial payback time, energy These are the same figures that are used to calculate compliance with Part L.
generation and initial sizing.
Fuel Emissions factor (kgCO2/kWh)
A full lifecycle cost assessment has then been carried out on the most suitable
technology, in Section 4. Gas 0.216
The technologies assessed are in line with those mentioned in the Directive Grid electricity 0.519
2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and the Life Cycle Assessment has
Biomass 0.016
been conducted in accordance with the EN ISO 14044:2006.
This feasibility study has been completed in accordance with the BREEAM
Technical Guide 2014. This study considers: A nominal emissions saving of approximately 10% from LZC technologies has
been targeted in order to ensure that the building passes the requirements of
 Energy generated from LZC source per year the building regulations.
 Carbon dioxide savings from LZC energy source per year
 Life cycle cost of the potential specification, accounting for payback Costs
 Local planning criteria, including land use and noise The following fuel costs have been used in the calculations.
 Feasibility of exporting heat/electricity from the system
 Any available grants Fuel Fuel price (p/kWh)
 All technologies appropriate to the site and energy demand of the
development Gas 4.18
 Reasons for excluding other technologies Grid electricity 13.86
 Where appropriate to the building type, connecting the proposed
building to an existing local community CHP system or source of Biomass 4.34
waste heat or power OR specifying a building/site CHP system or
source of waste heat or power with the potential to export excess
heat or power via a local community energy scheme The financial analysis of each of the LZC options explored has taken into
account the potential savings that these technologies could make over a base
Key figures case system.
Here we show some of the key figures that have been used in our calculations
for energy use, carbon emissions savings and financial costs. In our calculations we have taken the base case system to be an installation
with high efficiency gas boilers providing the total heating and hot water load
Energy of the building.
The following benchmark figures for office energy use and emissions have
been gained from experience on similar previous projects, guidance All LZC financial options are analysed against this base case, and potential
documents, and rules of thumb. These have been taken on to form the basis savings on base case gas use by using an LZC source (such as a heat pump) are
of the LZC calculations for this project. taken into account. The payback periods and costs are taken against the base
case.
28 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
5.2 LZC Technologies
This section lists and discusses different LZC technologies which could be
potential options for mitigating emissions on the site. An initial assessment of
technical feasibility and general site suitability has been carried out.
Photovoltaic Panels (PVs)

PVs use semiconductor technology to convert incident solar radiation into Heat pumps
electrical power. Heat pumps transfer thermal energy from a source to a sink, powered by an
energy input such as electricity.They can move many times more heat than
The office has areas of flat roof which would be suitable for the mounting of their energy running cost.
rooftop PVs.
It is preferable that any electricity that is generated is used on site as every

kWh used is one that doesn’t have to be purchased from the grid for the
Ground source heat pumps (GSHP): closed and open loop
building, therefore generating a saving in electrical running costs. The export
A ground source heat pump (GSHP) takes low-grade heat from the ground
of surplus unused electricity can be achieved by using the building’s electrical
and uses electricity to convert it to useful heat (at approximately 40°C) that
grid connections. This export to the national grid produces an export tariff
can be used to heat a building. The ground can also be used as a heat sink to
income, and this is in addition to a generation tariff income.
provide cooling.
Closed loop systems circulate water through pipes in the ground which
exchange heat with it. Pipes are either laid horizontally in a wide array below
the ground or are fed into deep boreholes in the ground spaced out in a
vertical array.
Open loop systems work similarly to closed loop systems, however they
abstract water directly from the ground. This direct ground water, as opposed
to an intermediary fluid, passes through the heat pump’s heat exchanger and
is then returned to the ground. To extract the ground water requires one or
more deep boreholes to be dug. There is a risk in this in that there could be
uncertainty in the water yield from the boreholes. Drilling boreholes is
expensive to carry out, and as such this means that it is a large risk if the holes
When the source is the atmosphere or ground and the sink is a building they do not produce enough water. Due to these risks an open loop ground
provide heating. Operated in reverse they provide cooling. The latter option is source system is not proposed for this project.
Solar Thermal the principle behind all “air-conditioning” equipment. When a heat pump is
Solar thermal panels are a method of harvesting the sun’s energy, commonly applied to heating it can offer carbon savings over traditional heat generation
to heat domestic hot water for use in hand washing, showers, etc. The methods (combustion).
optimum size of a solar thermal array is to provide approximately a third of
the daily stored demand. There are a number of different types of heat pump available which are listed
and detailed below.
Solar thermal is generally three or four times more efficient in collecting solar
energy than PVs, however it must be matched with a suitable hot water Air source heat pumps (ASHP)
demand and generation system within the building. In practice this can lead Air source heat pumps (ASHP) utilise the external environment as a heat
to lower whole system efficiencies source. ASHPs use electricity to drive heat from the outside air to an indoor
space, or vice versa. They offer high efficiencies, being generally more
As for PVs, the office has areas of flat roof which would be appropriate for efficient than burning gas or oil directly, and they can also offer cooling.
mounting solar thermal panels. There would be competition between solar
thermal panels and PVs as to the most appropriate use of the available roof These systems are typically noisy and are usually mounted on roofs. They may
space. be subject to planning implications due to the visual impact and noise
breakout.
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MEP Stage 2 Report
Biomass
Biomass fuel usually consists of wood chips or wood pellets, and as it comes
from plants it is considered a low-carbon source of high grade heat that can
be used for space heating, domestic hot water and, with absorption chillers,
cooling (this option is very rarely implemented due to high capital cost).
A biomass boiler needs to operate under a reasonably constant load being a

solid fuel boiler; it is unable to respond to load fluctuations as quickly as a gas
or oil boiler. This limits the boilers to being suitable to operate for the
provision of the base heat load. The peaks in the load will need to be served
Water source heat pumps (WSHP) by other means, such as a gas boiler.
Water source heat pumps (WSHP) work in the same way as ground source Gas Absorption Heat Pump (GAHP)
systems and can be open or closed loop. As opposed to exchanging heat with Furthermore, biomass power generation has the potential to have a
Similar to the electric heat pumps described above, a gas absorption heat
the ground they use bodies of water such as lakes, rivers, ponds and even the significantly detrimental effect on air quality in the local vicinity.
pump (GAHP) moves low temperature heat from outside to inside, but is
sea as the heat source/sink. primarily powered by gas fuel and not electricity. GAHPs can offer high
The running of the biomass plant requires frequent fuel deliveries to be made
efficiencies compared to boilers (e.g. 150%), and are still regarded as an
Due to the building’s location we are not aware of any suitable water sources and also space on site for bulk fuel storage.
emerging technology.
nearby and for this reason this option is not considered any further.
Unless a free source of wood can be found, such as waste from a factory or
forestry management operation, the biomass fuel is often the same price or
more expensive than gas.
Wind Power
Wind energy can be converted to electricity by using wind turbines. This
renewable technology is suited to exposed areas free from obstructions
where the average wind speeds are high. The town centre location of the site
means that there are plenty of obstructions which would lead to the wind District Heating
having a turbulent nature. This would lead to the turbines producing a poor District heating involves the use of a centralised heat generating plant to
output. produce heat which is then distributed out to a number of properties,
commonly through a system of pipes in the ground.
Wind turbines have the disadvantage of their visual impact and the risk of
noise break-out to neighbouring areas. The central heat generating plant could consist of conventional gas boilers,
Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
CHP is the simultaneous generation of usable heat and power (usually biomass boilers, heat pumps, combined heat and power (CHP) units, amongst
For these reasons wind power will not be considered any further. others. A district heat network can also utilise the waste heat from industrial
electricity) in a single process, the heat being distributed in surrounding
buildings instead of being wasted. This generally consists of a car engine (at processes or energy generation. This can increase efficiency by capturing and
small scale) or a boiler/turbine (at large scale), an electrical generator, and a using waste heat which would otherwise be lost.
connection from the engine cooling system to a building heating system.
There are currently no district heating networks in the area, and the provision
CHP is best connected to a district heating network with balanced loads, e.g. of such a network is outside of the scope of this project. For this reason
hotel, swimming pool, residential, office. district heating has been discounted.
The fuel source could be gas in an engine or turbine, or could consist of

biomass.
30 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
5.3 Feasibility Study
The table shown in the following page describes a more detailed assessment
of the potential CO2 emissions reductions of each of the LZC technologies
considered technically feasible for the project. The potential financial
paybacks are discussed, as is the site suitability.
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MEP Stage 2 Report
Energy Generated & Potential Emissions Reductions Payback Notes / Site Suitability PROPOSED?
- Every kWh of electricity produced by the PVs replaces that taken from the grid. - Schemes greater than 10 kW but not exceeding 50 kW - The financial analysis assumed that 50% of the electricity Y
This results in a CO2 emissions saving of 0.52 kgCO2 per kWh of electricity will receive a feed-in-tariff rate of 3.91 p/kWh (July – generated would be used on site, the rest being exported back
produced. Sept 2018) for any electricity generated, and 4.91 p/kWh to the grid. If a greater proportion can be used on site then the
Photovoltaic - A 100 m2 array angled at 30° to the horizontal is capable of producing 20,100 for any electricity exported to the grid. payback period is shortened.
Panels (PVs) kWh electricity per year, displacing approximately 9,400 kgCO2 per year, or 8% - Over a service life of 25 years a 128 m2 array could - The office building has a portion of flat roof which would be
of the building’s total emissions. provide a net total income and savings of approximately appropriate for mounting PVs.
- Alternatively a 128m2 array would provide a 10.0% saving. £28,300 and offer a discounted payback of around 10
years.
- Every kWh of heat produced from solar thermal replaces a kWh of heat - The Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) for non-domestic - An array of 15 m2 could be placed on the flat roof of the office. N
supplied from a conventional source such as a gas boiler, saving 0.20 kgCO2 per installations covers all solar thermal collectors less than - There is competition for the available roof space between solar
kWh of heat delivered. 200 kWth. The current RHI rate is 10.28 p/kWh. thermal panels and PVs.
- An array of panels sized to serve up to a third of the daily hot water load at 15 - Over a service life of 25 years such an array could - PVs have a better payback and would make better use of the
m2 is estimated to be capable of displacing up to 1,700 kgCO2 per year, or 1.4% provide a net total income (which accounts for upfront available roof space. The relatively low hot water demand
Solar Thermal
of the building’s total emissions. capital and any savings) of approximately £5,400. means that the heat energy from a larger solar thermal array
- Such an array would have a discounted payback of than this may not be all used and would be wasted. A larger PV
around 12 years. array has the advantage that it can export any unused energy to
the grid.
- A unit sized at 65 kW is likely to contribute to around 76,600 kWh heating per - All ASHPs receive the same flat rate RHI of 2.57 p/kWh. - The technology could be used to provide cooling in addition to N
Air Source year, 80% of the annual heating load. This could displace approximately 4,900 - In a 20 year service life this could generate a net income heating.
Heat Pump kgCO2 per year, or 4.1% of the building’s total emissions. of approximately £3,400. - There are potential noise and visual impact issues with placing
(ASHP) - Such a unit would have a discounted payback period of ASHPs on the available flat roof space.
around 18 years.
- Ground source heat pumps use one unit of electricity to produce up to four - GSHPs are eligible for a RHI of 8.95 p/kWh (up to 1,314 - The technology could be used to provide cooling in addition to N
units of heat. hours operation, 2.67 p/kWh thereafter). heating.
- A 65 kW unit covering 80% of the annual heating demand could displace - The capital cost of a potential system could be £113,000. - Finding space for boreholes/ground loops may not be possible
Ground
approximately 6,800 kgCO2 per year, or 5.6% of the building’s total emissions. - Such a system as this is not projected to payback in on the site.
Source Heat
under 60 years. - Despite receiving RHI income, the relatively high upfront capital
Pump (GSHP)
cost for such a system means that it will not have an
appreciable payback.
- A biomass boiler sized at 65 kW covering 80% of the building’s annual heating - Biomass systems less than 200 kWth are eligible for a RHI - Additional plant and fuel storage space would be needed and it N
load could produce 78,000 kWh of heat per year. This would displace of 3.26 p/kWh. would have an increased maintenance burden over other
approximately 17,000 kgCO2 per year, or 14.1% of the building’s emissions. - Such a system as this is not projected to payback in technologies.
under 60 years. - It is likely that the base heating load will be insufficient to make
Biomass
the technology viable for the building.
- The size of any fuel savings and RHI payments are not enough
for the technology to payback within its serviceable lifetime.
- The CO2 emissions generated by supplying the building with heat are offset by - The capital cost of this system would be around £62,500. - The building base load is such that it is likely the CHP would not N
the CO2 emissions of the electricity produced. The reduction in emissions will be - CHP schemes over 2 kWe do not qualify for any RHI. be able to run for long enough to generate enough electricity to
Combined dictated by the amount of time a CHP engine could contribute to the annual - Any electricity produced and exported to the grid will be able to make it financially viable. This is reflected in that this
Heat & Power heating load. receive an export tariff of 4.91 p/kWh. system isn’t shown to payback.
(CHP) - A 80 kWth unit running for 1000 hours per year would produce around 80,000 - Such a system as this is not projected to payback in - This technology will not be considered further.
kWh of heat and would generate 50,000 kWh of electricity. In total the unit under 60 years.
would displace 7,700 kgCO2 per year, or 6.4% of the building’s total emissions.
- A 65 kW installation could produce 77,000 kWh of heat per year. This would - At present GAHPs are not eligible for payments under - There is uncertainty in the upfront capital cost amount due to N
Gas
save 8,200 kgCO2 per year, or 6.7% of the building’s total emissions. the RHI. limited data available.
Absorption
- Such a system as this is not projected to payback in - There is no projected payback for the system using the data
Heat Pump
under 60 years. available.
(GAHP)
- This technology will not be considered any further.
32 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
The table below shows the carbon emissions savings and costs if only a 128
5.4 Life Cycle Assessment m2 PV array is installed to meet the 10% emissions saving target. The figures
also give life cycle assessment costs.
PVs are proposed as the most appropriate LZC technology for use in the new
The image below the table is an illustrative extract of the spreadsheet
office based on the analysis in the main feasibility study above.
calculation used to assess each of the LZC options considered.
This section gives a more detailed life cycle assessment cost for the LZC
technology chosen.
Energy Indicative Annual Capital cost per Service life cost

Assumed Installation Rated Carbon saved Carbon % Discounted Cost at end of
generated installed savings (inc. Service life kg CO2 saved per per lifetime kg
efficiency size output per year saving payback service life
per year cost grants) year CO2 saved
Panel efficiency 128 m2 24.8 kWe 25,740 kWh 12,048 kgCO2 10.0% £31,040 £3,475 10 years 25 years -£28,259 £2.58 -£0.0903
= 19.4%
Photovoltaic
panels only
Inverter
efficiency = 94%
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MEP Stage 2 Report
5.5 Results Commentary
2
A 128 m array of photovoltaic panels (PV) has been selected as being the
most appropriate LZC technology to use at the office in order to reduce
overall carbon dioxide emissions.
The building needs to satisfy the requirements of the Building Regulations

Part L2A 2013. This requires that the Building Emission Rate (BER) needs to be
less than a calculated notional building Target Emission Rate (TER). The first
main steps to satisfy this target are to specify passive design measures, high
performance building fabric elements, and efficient services. Following these
measures the next way to limit or offset emissions is to implement LZC
technologies.
The financial analyses in the feasibility study of each technology have taken
into account the net present values (NPV) of the future costs and income
streams associated with each technology initially considered. To obtain the
NPVs a discount rate of 3.5% has been used. The financial analysis has also
taken into account likely increases in the real price of both electricity and gas.
The life cycle analysis figures from above show that the total costs of
installing and maintaining the PVs will be paid back in a period of 10 years.
This will be achieved through a combination of the electricity generated being
used in the building to offset some of the regular electricity running costs,
generating FiT payments, and also receiving income for any electricity
exported to the grid.
At the end of the projected installation service life the PVs will have
generated a discounted net income of £28,259. These figures account for the
initial capital cost of the technology. This shows that in addition to receiving a
payback on the initial investment, the technology will generate a net profit by
the end of its service life.
The 128 m2 PV array will be able to save approximately 10% of the building’s
carbon emissions. This meets the 10% target chosen to ensure that the
building meets the requirements of Part L.
In summary, PVs on the roof generating electricity are deemed to be the most
appropriate LZC technology to use for the new office.
34 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
6.0 MEP SERVICES DESCRIPTION - OFFICE
The internal foul drainage layout is to be arranged to provide a minimum  Institute of Plumbing: Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guides
6.1 Mechanical number of soil and vent stacks whilst also ensuring that the pipe routes are
the shortest practicable, with as few bends as possible and no bends in wet
portion of soil stacks. System Life: In excess of 25 years.
R10 RAINWATER DRAINAGE
Design Parameters A trap shall be provided for each appliance. All WCs are to be specified with System Description
internal overflows else provide overflow pipework. Copper pipework and A new metered mains cold water supply is to be provided to the building. The
 Building Regulations Part H supply is to enter the building in the Incoming Water Room, on the ground
trapped tundishes are to be provided for safety overflow valves, pressure
 BS EN 12056 Parts 1, 3 & 6 relief valves and for collection of boiler condensate, condensate from chilled floor.
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. water coils and humidifier blow down from AHUs. Pipework is to discharge
over floor gullies. Minimal mains water storage, (~15m3), will be provided in the Water Services
System Life: In excess of 25 years. Plant Room to minimise disruption due to short losses of mains supply.
All main soil and vent pipes will be insulated with a vapour barrier to protect Boosted cold water supplies will be provided to all cold water outlets and to
System Description water heaters, with the use of a multiple pump/variable speed packaged cold
Roofs and terraces are to drain into a combination of internal and external against condensation and provide acoustic separation. Insulation materials
will be selected to have a GWP of less than 5. water booster set, at a pressure suitable for the equipment and sanitaryware
rainwater pipes. Roof outlets will be selected to be compatible with the selected.
roofing system. Adequate overflows are to be provided from flat roofs to
Soil and waste SVPs, stub stacks and branches are generally to be concealed
ensure that water can freely discharge without entering the building should Hot water will be in two ways: The kitchen and showers will be supplied from
in builderswork ducts, risers and ceiling voids. Any exposed waste pipework
the rainwater outlets become blocked or restricted. Access will be required to a semi-instantaneous hot water heater located within the Boiler Room at roof
or traps in WCs are to be chrome plated.
the roofs to clear outlets, etc. and the health & safety implications of this are level. Semi-instantaneous hot water heaters balance the requirement for
to be considered as part of the design. large hot water storage volumes and the need for large primary heating plant
All above ground drainage pipework is to be HDPE installed in accordance
with the manufacturer's recommendations. All HDPE pipework is to be into a relatively compact unit; local point-of-use unvented instantaneous-
A combination of HDPE and cast iron pipework is to be used for internal electric hot-water heaters will be used for WC wash hand basins and tea
electro fusion jointed. Intumescent sleeves shall be fitted to all plastic pipes
rainwater pipework. Cast iron pipework is to be used on any long horizontal points.
greater than 40mm that pass through the floors and fire partitions in
pipework runs to eliminate the risk of HDPE pipe sagging. The external
accordance with the Building Regulations Part B.
rainwater pipework is to be specified by the architect. Cast iron pipework is to Low use water taps and WCs are to be provided. Service valves are to be
be is to be mechanically jointed. HDPE pipework is to be electro-fusion fitted to all appliances. Thermostatic mixing valves are to be fitted to all taps
The system shall generally be a single stack system with vented stacks. The
jointed. in public areas.
SVP drain stack at the head of the drain shall be vented to outside through
All rainwater down pipes are to have full-bore rodding access within 1m of the roof of the building. The use of air admittance valves will be avoided
wherever possible. All stacks are to have a full-bore access point within 1m of Hot and cold water pipework will be insulated throughout the building as
connection with the below ground drainage. In addition rodding access is to required by L8 and sealed within a vapour barrier to protect against
connection with below ground drainage. In addition, access is to be provided
be provided at all changes in direction of pipework. condensation. Trace heating is to be provided where pipes enter unheated
at all changes of direction to enable easy rodding of all pipework. All stacks
are to have rodding access at each floor level; all stubs are to have cap access spaces. Hot and cold water distribution within the building, from the main
All site below ground surface water drainage including, rainwater attenuation intake to sanitary fittings is to be by table X copper pipework. Visible final
is by the Structural/Civil Engineer. points, and all waste branches to have rodding eyes, all located in accessible
locations in service ducts, etc. connections are to be in chrome plated copper pipework. Copper pipework is
to be installed with soldered joints throughout, except connections onto
The site foul water drainage is by the Structural/Civil Engineer. appliances which are to be compression fittings.
R11 FOUL DRAINAGE ABOVE GROUND
Design Parameters All pipework will be concealed in service risers, ceiling and floor voids where
S12 HOT & COLD WATER possible. Any exposed pipework is to be chrome plated.
 The Building Regulations Approved Document Part H
Design Parameters
 BS EN 12056, Parts 1 & 2. Metering will be provided of major water usages, with pulse outputs recorded
 BS 8000 Part 13, BS 8301. on the BMS. Control algorithms will be used to detect and alarm should
 British Standard BS 6700 unusual consumption be detected outside of operation hours.
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements.
 BS EN 806
 BS 8558
System Life: In excess of 25 years. S32 NATURAL GAS
 Local authority requirements
 BSRIA Application Guide 4/94, Guide to Legionellosis. Design Parameters
System Description
The above ground drainage installation comprises of soil vent pipes (SVPs),  HSC L8 - Legionnaires' disease - control of legionella bacteria in water  Building Regulations Document B.
stub stacks and branch pipes to connect all sanitaryware to the below ground systems ACOP  Gas Safety Regulations.
foul drainage.  BS EN 1775.
 CIBSE TM13 ‘Minimising the risk of Legionnaires Disease’.
 Institute of Gas Engineering Guides/Publications (IGE/UP).
 CIBSE Guides  BS 6173:2001.
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MEP Stage 2 Report
 British Gas Publication IGE/TD/3 & 4.  CIBSE Commissioning Code W T60 CENTRAL REFRIGERATION PLANT
 CORGI good practice.
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. Design Parameters
 British Gas guides to the safe use of gas in buildings.
System Life: In excess of 25 years.  Building regulations Part J and Part L
 NJUG Standards and Recommendations.
 CIBSE guide B2
System Description
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. Fresh air and space heating, and hot water system (HWS) will be provided to  BS 7074
System Life: In excess of 25 years. the building by central gas fired boiler plant, located in the Boiler Room,  BSRIA Commissioning Codes TM1/88, AG2, 5 & 20.
located at roof level.  CIBSE Commissioning Code W
System Description
A new low pressure gas supply is to be provided for the central gas boiler It is currently proposed to use dual temperature flow boilers - as an efficient Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 15 years without major replacement.
plant. A gas meter is to be housed in a dedicated room on the perimeter of way of producing LTHW at two different temperatures, (the adoption of this System Life: In excess of 25 years.
the building at ground floor level. strategy will be confirmed during the next stage). The boilers will be fully
modulating, low NOx, gas fire condensing boilers, (NOx < 40mg/kWh). A twin System Description
Gas pipework is to be routed to the new gas boilers located in the Boiler wall boiler flue is to terminate 1m above the roof. The main cooling demand of the building will be met via turbocor chillers.
Room, at roof level. It is currently assumed that the kitchen will be an ‘All Turbocor chillers use centrifugal compressors with frictionless magnetic
Electric’ kitchen, and hence will not require gas. Preliminary Plant Selection bearings to achieve extremely high coefficients of performance (COP),
Boiler Capacity: 2x300kW particularly at part loads. COPs are as high as 8 at part loads, compared to a
The gas pipework installation is to be in heavy grade steel painted canary Manufacturer: Viessman, Vitocrossal Range. COP of around 3.5 for a typical scroll or screw compressor chiller.
yellow. All spaces, service ducts and risers through which the gas pipework
runs are to be naturally ventilated in accordance with the Gas Regulations. This low temperature circuit (F/R: 45/35OC) will serve the fresh air & space Preliminary Plant Selection
heating requirements of the building, and the high temperature circuit (F/R: Chiller Capacity: 2 x 350kW
An automatic cut-off solenoid valve is to be provided on the gas supply to the 70/50OC) will provide heat to the domestic hot water system via semi- Manufacturer: Airedale, Uniflair, or Climeanventa.
boiler room. System to be linked to the fire alarm as well as have manual instantaneous hot water heaters. Extra Quiet Model.
knock-off buttons in the areas served.
The heating installation is to comprise of heat emitters, distribution pipework Chilled water is to be provided at a flow and return temperatures of 6/12°C.
and ancillaries, secondary pumps, regulating, isolating and control valves etc.
S41 FUEL OIL STORAGE The chiller will be located within the screened plant area on the roof of the
Dedicated shunt pumps and low loss header, circulation pumps, dosing pot, building. The Chillers will be linked to the adjacent Chilled Water Plant Room.
Design Parameters pressurisation set and expansion vessel etc.
 BS 5140
 OFTEC OST T100/OFTEC OFS T200 or BS 799-5 The building spaces will be heated using one or more of the following T61 CHILLED WATER (DISTRIBUTION)
systems:
 NJUG Standards and Recommendations. - Local radiators & convectors (BOH areas), Design Parameters
 All relevant national and local regulations - Underfloor heating (Entrance Lobby & Cafe),  Building regulations Part J and Part L
- Air Handling Units (Council Chamber, WCs & Lift Lobbies),  CIBSE guide B2
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. - Fan Coil Units (Office Floorplates & Meeting Rooms).
System Life: In excess of 25 years.  BS 7074
Individual radiators & convectors will have thermostatic radiator valves  BSRIA Commissioning Codes TM1/88, AG2, 5 & 20.
System Description (TRVs) which will turn on and off automatically to maintain the room  CIBSE Commissioning Code W
In the event that bulk fuel storage is required (Option B in the back-up power temperature corresponding to the valve position manually set by the
generation scheme) a bunded dual skinned buried tank is to be located in the occupants. Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
ground near the building with good access to Mount Pleasant Avenue. Refer System Life: In excess of 25 years.
to section V10. The space heating circuit is to be variable volume constant temperature. The
pump speed will be controlled circuit constant pressure and will slow down as System Description
the demand is met and the control valves close down. High grade chilled water is to be provided by a water cooled chiller, refer to
T31 LOW TEMPERATURE HOT WATER HEATING section T61 (F/R: 6/12°C).
Where possible all LTHW distribution pipework outside the plant room is to
Design Parameters
be concealed in service bulkheads, ceiling voids, wall cavities, in vertical The chilled water circuits will be variable volume constant temperature. The
 Building regulations Part J and Part L risers, etc. pump speed will be controlled by the return temperature sensor and is to
 CIBSE guide B2 slow down as the demand is met and the control valves close down.
 BS EN 12828 All LTHW pipework is to be medium gauge mild steel. All LTHW pipework,
except final tails to local radiators & convectors is to be insulated. All In addition to providing cooling to the batteries of the main AHUs on the roof,
 BS 7074 insulation in the plant room is to be mechanically protected. Pipework valve the building spaces will be comfort cooled using one or more of the following
 BS 6880 and flange insulation is also to be provided. systems:
 BS 5854 - Air Handling Units (Council Chamber),
- Fan Coil Units (Office Floorplates and Meeting Rooms, Entrance
 BSRIA Commissioning Codes TM1/88, AG2, 5 & 20. Lobby).
36 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
Where possible all chilled water distribution pipework outside the plant room U10 GENERAL SUPPLY/EXTRACT VENTILATION The council chamber AHU is to be located in the Ventilation Plant Room, on
is to be concealed in service bulkheads, ceiling voids, wall cavities, in vertical the ground floor. A dedicated riser above the room is to take the ducts to
risers, etc. Design Parameters high level in the council chamber. A riser in the core is to take ducts to roof
 The Building Regulations, Part B, Part F & Part L level for fresh air and exhaust.
All chilled pipework and condenser pipework is to be medium gauge mild  The local Authority requirements
steel. All chilled pipework is to be insulated and vapour sealed. All insulation
 BESA - DW143, DW144 & DW145 U11 WC EXTRACT VENTILATION
in the plant room is to be mechanically protected. Pipework valve and flange
insulation is also to be provided.  BESA - TR/19  The Building Regulations, Part B, Part F & Part L
 CIBSE Guide A  The local Authority requirements
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  BESA - DW143, DW144 & DW145
T62 VRF/LOCAL COOLING UNITS
System Life: In excess of 25 years.  BESA - TR/19
Design Parameters  CIBSE Guide A
 BS EN 378 System Description
 CIBSE Guides Mechanical ventilation supply and extract with heat recovery is to be
provided to the following areas: System Life: In excess of 25 years.
 The office floorplates on all floors,
System Life: In excess of 25 years. System Description
 Meeting Rooms Dedicated WC mechanical ventilation, (supply and extract) is to be provided
System Description  The Council Chamber to the WCs & showers within the building.
To increase resilience, critical IT is to be provided with back-up cooling from a The spaces are to be ventilated as described below.
a VRF/DX system, in the event that the main chilled water system is WC ventilation (extract only) is to be provided to all areas via an AHU to be
inoperable due to fault or maintenance. The Offices & Meeting Rooms: Fresh conditioned primary air is to be located in the screened external plant location at roof level.
The areas served from this system are to be: provided the office floor plates and other working rooms including meeting
rooms and breakout rooms. Air is to be supplied at high level in the ceiling AHU/WC1: Preliminary Plant Selection
 IT Room
voids to the rear of the fan coil units, and extracted from the voids which are Capacity: 1.8m3/s
 BMS Room Spec: extract fans, inverter controlled fans.
to be used as plenums. The supply air is to be cooled, heated, and de-
humidified (via overcooling) as required before further cooling by the fan coils
to maintain the proposed environment conditions within the offices. The extract ductwork will be routed down risers from the roof to the various
Preliminary Plant Selection
floors.
Capacity: ~50kW
Manufacturer: Dalkin, Mitsubishi or similar. AHU/T1 & AHU/T2: Preliminary Plant Selection
Capacity: 3.0m3/s each
Spec: Panel & bag filters, (S&E), thermal wheel heat U12 KITCHEN VENTILATION
The VRF/DX heat rejection plant is to be located at roof level, in the screened
plant area. The installation is to comprise the following main items: external recovery, LTHW heating coil, chilled water coil, Design Parameters
condensers, cassette type indoor units, refrigeration distribution pipework inverter controlled fans.
 The Building Regulations, Part F
and ancillaries.
The office spaces are to be served by two AHUs, splitting the duty, located on  The Local Authority Requirements
the roof in the external plant area. Dual AHUs is a more space efficient  BESA - DW143, DW144 & DW145
U-- NATURAL VENTILATION approach. Several risers in the cores will take air down to the rooms from the  BESA - DW172
roof.
Design Parameters  Health and Safety Executive (2000), Guidance
 The Building Regulations, Part B, Part F & Part L The Council Chamber: A full air conditioning mixing system is to be used to Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
 The local Authority requirements maintain the chamber at the proposed environmental conditions within the System Life: In excess of 25 years.
space (or spaces when the room is split into two sub-rooms). Air is to be
 CIBSE Guide A supplied at high level in the ceiling void and supply grilles/diffusers above System Description
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. both spaces. Air is to be extracted from the void, which is to be used as two The proposed kitchen on the ground floor is to be provided with dedicated
System Life: In excess of 25 years. plenums (one above each subspace), with grilles/diffusers in the ceiling supply and extract ventilation. The exhaust air will discharge at roof level,
completing the return air pathway from the room. The supply air is to be with the duct fire rated. Supply air will be provided by an air handling unit
System Description cooled, heated or de-humidified (via overcooling) as required to maintain the with heater battery to temper the incoming air. Air volume will be
In order to minimise the energy use of the building and increase interaction proposed environment conditions on the Stage. controllable by a local controller, such that the supply system meets 85% of
with the external environment, in summer a natural ventilation strategy is to the extract system.
be used in the café. Double doors along the outside walls will provide AHU/S1: Preliminary Plant Selection
3
significant airflow in summer and automated windows at high level will Capacity: 4.0m /s AHU/KS1: Preliminary Plant Selection
provide fresh air in winter. The location and geometry of the doors and Spec: Panel & bag filters, (S&E), heat recovery, (thermal Capacity: 0.85m3/s
automated windows, and their size, will be confirmed by thermal modelling wheel), LTHW heating coil, chilled water coil, Spec: Panel & bag filters, (S&E), LTHW heating coil,
during the next stage. humidifier, inverter controlled fans. inverter controlled supply fan.
Office 37
MEP Stage 2 Report
F/KE1: Preliminary Plant Selection W61 WINDOW CONTROLS
3
Capacity: 1.0m /s
Spec: Fire rated inverter controlled extract fan. Design Parameters
Note: Provisional selection only based on 20ACH, to be confirmed by the  CIBSE Commissioning Code C
Catering Consultant
 BS EN 1334-6:2007
 CIBSE Guide H
The system is to be designed to DW 172. It envisaged that extract will be
provided from with the kitchen via an extract canopy, (c/w integral baffle Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
filters for grease capture). Air will be exhausted to atmosphere at roof level System Life: In excess of 25 years.
via an open, converging flue. Ductwork is generally stainless steel to DW144
and DW172. Access to the duct shall be every 3m via doors to the riser to System Description
allow for cleaning. The supply and extract fans are to be linked such that 85% A dedicated control system will be required for the automated windows in
of the extracted air is supplied. the café providing fresh air in winter.
The window control system will be linked to the BMS so that windows can be
W60 MONITORING & CONTROL closed by the BMS, e.g. due to rain or high wind. Local override switches,
Design Parameters located in non-public areas will be provided so staff can locally close windows
if required.
 CIBSE Commissioning Code C The window control system is to be centrally controlled from a PC controller,
 BS EN 1334-6:2007 connected by low voltage bus network to local window controllers located
 CIBSE Guide H each floor. Each local controller is to be capable of stand-alone operation in
the event of a central PC failure.
System Life: In excess of 25 years. The window control system will provide;
 System Monitoring – All equipment shall be automatically
System Description monitored, and faults reported to the central PC, and
A web enabled building and energy management system is to be provided for  Window Control – It shall be possible to fully control, and
control and monitoring. Mechanical control panels are to be provided in the programme the control of all automated windows.
main plant rooms to provide power and control to all major plant. Outstations  Graphically represent the “live” time status of all motorised
are to be provided as required around the building to pick up local sensors windows.
and control valves. Plant remote from the main plant room is to be provided
with local power supplies and controlled via the BMS. The control system shall provide full flexibility, and allow each individual
component to be individually addressed and controlled as required.
Local sensors will be provided in all spaces to control and monitor the
installed plant, motorised vents, etc to maintain the desired temperature and
humidity set points and internal light levels in each space.
A BMS system will be employed to manage the main items of plant in the
building and minimise energy use. The BMS is to be linked to the Internet.
Redundancy is to be provided within the control system to reduce the risk of

control system failure or loss of correct function. All control will be
adequately supported in the event of interruption of the power supply in
order that normal control resumes on mains return.

remaining controllers are to remain functioning normally. Effected plant is to
be shut down safely. All programmable & logged data is to be held on the
individual outstation in non-volatile EPRM. Stored data is to be held for at
least 48 hours. On return of mains supply after a failure, the controller is to
reboot automatically and restart plant sequentially. On failure of the network
local outstation control is to be maintained.
38 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
6.2 Electrical A UPS system would be required for both options, with a 20kVA system for
option A and a 200kVA system for option B, both with 10 minute autonomy.
The main switchgear panel will be 3-phase with Form of Separation to at least
Form 4 Type 2, which shall feed sub-mains via ACBs and MCCBs to BS EN
60947-2 with adjustable electronic trip units to distribute power to MCB final
V10 STANDBY GENERATION circuit distribution boards and distributed loads around the building.
Design Parameters V11 HV/LV UTILITY SUPPLY
 The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008) A Form 3b type 2, MCCB Panel Board (adjacent to generator) is to serve the
Design Parameters
evacuation lifts, each lift served by a dedicated SWA sub-main cable with
 The Building Regulations  The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008) switch disconnectors at the top of each lift shaft, from dedicated PB.
 CIBSE GUIDE AM8: 1992.  The Building Regulations
 BS 4999 Parts 101, 140 & 143 Secondary LV Switchgear: Secondary LV switchgear in the form of cubicle or
packaged panel board switch panels are to be installed in at the bottom of
 BS 5000  Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements the two electrical risers, in plant rooms and at locations of other large loads.
 All relevant British Standards and codes of practice  Local Authority and other statutory requirements The secondary switchgear will be 3-phase with Form of Separation to at least
 Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements  Electricity at Work Act Form 4 Type 2, which shall feed sub-mains via MCCBs to distribute power to
MCB final circuit distribution boards and distributed loads around the
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements  Health and Safety building.
 Electricity at Work Act  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002)
 Health and Safety Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
Final Circuit Distribution Boards: Final circuit distribution boards will be
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002) provided throughout the building, generally in the risers at each floor. The
System Life: In excess of 25 years. boards shall generally be Type A or B MCB boards manufactured to BS EN
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. 60439-3. All distribution boards complete will be provided with all protective
System Life: In excess of 25 years. System Description devices, accessories, blanking plates, locks, labels, etc.
A new incoming LV supply will be required to satisfy the electrical demand for
System Description the building. It is envisaged that the Utility/Network Supplier will require a Extension boxes are to be provided for each board that contains electrical
A backup generation system may be required for business continuity, IT transformer to be located on the site. sub-meters.
resilience and life safety. The client has requested that two options are
considered at this stage, both with 72 hour autonomy, outlined below. It is A space/room has been provided at Ground Floor level for the required All cable protection via switch fuses, MCBs or RCDs to BS EN 60898 and BS EN
assumed that back-up power is currently not included in the scheme, Utility/Network transformer/sub-station. The proposed location of the sub- 60947-2 to be provided, with adequate discrimination between higher rated
although space has been allocated on the roof for use in the event that the station, on the external façade of the building, provides unrestricted 24hr devices and lower rated devices at all parts of the system and for all fault
client decides that back-up power is required. Option A, below, has been access required by the Utility/Network Supplier. conditions. All LV switchgear protective devices shall be by the same
included in the scheme design at Stage 2, option B is not included in the cost manufacturer throughout.
plan or the design.
V20 LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION All distribution boards including the main distribution board at the intake will
Option A – Life Safety and Emergency Suite Only: The generator would be Design Parameters be sized to allow for 25% spare capacity and 25% spare ways. All boards will
sized for this load only, around 150kVA, with an 1800L day tank, based on be located in risers and securable areas.
 The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008)
50% load for 72 hours. It would supply power to the emergency suite and the
evacuation lifts in the event of mains failure.  The Building Regulations Cables & Containment: Primary Electrical Distribution is by multi core
 All relevant British Standards and codes of practice armoured cables to BS 6724 running at high level concealed above false
Option B – Business Continuity and Life Safety: The generator would be sized ceilings, services risers or services ducts. All cables emanating from the main
 Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements
for the whole building load at 500kVA, prime power rated, with an 1000L day switch panels and local panel boards shall generally be armoured BS 6724
tank, and a 5000L bulk storage tank, based on 50% load for 72 hours. It would  Local Authority and other statutory requirements Cu/XLPE/SWA/LSF cables. Associated CPC's will generally use the cable
supply power to the whole building in the event of mains failure.  Electricity at Work Act armouring of their respective sub-main cables unless otherwise indicated.
Preliminary Plant Selection Electrical wiring containment systems will be chosen for robustness and
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002) adaptability. To allow for future expansion, all containment will be sized for
Capacity: kVA: See above, 3
Manufacturer: Broadcrown or similar Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. 25% space factor and 25% spare capacity. Cables on tray or fixed direct to be
Integral fuel tank and controls. Acoustic enclosure. All other ancilliaries. System Life: In excess of 25 years. spaced by a minimum of one cable diameter apart - unless otherwise
indicated.
In each option, the generator would be be connected to the buildings System Description
electrical supply via a source changeover system with an automatic controller The LV Distribution System is to be designed to provide a safe and reliable LV Sub-metering: All main LV incomers and outgoers to be provided with sub-
that controls the start-up and shut down of the generator to allow operation power distribution system for the building, satisfying all regulations & meters.
of the reserve power source without direct intervention. statutory requirements.
Separate power and lighting boards or distribution boards with split busbars
The generator would be located at roof level in the external plant area, and Primary LV Switchgear: Primary LV switchgear in the form of cubicle switch will be provided to enable separate sub metering of small power and lighting
the bulk fuel store (only Option B) would be buried in the ground near Mount panels will be located in the Main LV Switch Room, located on the ground loads. These boards shall be sized to accommodate such metering.
Pleasant Avenue to enable easy refilling of the tank. floor in the vicinity of the proposed location of the transformer/sub-station.
Office 39
MEP Stage 2 Report
All electrical meters shall be networked and connected to an Electrical System Description Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
Network Management System (ENMS). The ENMS will collect data; carry out Electrical accessories and small power to fixed equipment and socket outlets System Life: In excess of 25 years.
logging of energy use within the building. will be provided throughout the building, with the exception of the tenanted
office areas which are to be a CAT A fit-out, and exclude any final circuits to System Description
Earthing & Bonding: Earthing and bonding will be provided to meet the small power or sockets/floor boxes etc. The emergency escape lighting system is to be supplied from either a Static
requirements on the IEE regulations. Inverter/Central Battery System (CBS) or fittings with self-contained battery
The general small power installation is to include: backup.
The main earth bar will be located with the main switchgear and will be  Power to all fixed electrical appliances, including kitchen/catering,
bonded to the incoming water and gas and to the water, gas, heating, future hand dryers, etc. If a CBS system, main distribution cables will run from the CBS room to new,
telecommunications and lightning protection installations. dedicated emergency escape lighting power distribution boards located in
 Adequate socket outlets, for all temporary/portable/non-fixed
electrical appliances & needs, including cleaning requirements, areas of low risk throughout the building. Final sub-circuit cabling and
Earthing will be provided to all boards from a main earth bar using the containment will radiate out from the CBS to emergency lighting distribution
armour of the sub-mains cabling or earth conductor where required. Local temporary displays, maintenance etc.
boards located around the building. In the event of a power failure (either
distribution boards will be bonded to the building steelwork. Supplementary  Power & control cabling to all lighting & lighting accessories, i.e. total or local), automatic changeover contactors located local to each fitting
equipotential bonding will be provided. luminaires, local switches etc.. or group of fittings, are to automatically switch the emergency escape lighting
 Small power to all equipment as required in connection with the circuits so that they are fed from the alternative CBS supported power
V21 GENERAL LIGHTING specialist systems within the building, including the fire alarm, distribution rather than the normal mains supply.
Design Parameters security, data and communications, controls systems etc.
 All ELV cabling associated with various ancillary components forming The minimum duration for the operation of emergency lighting normally
 The Building Regulations required by the Building Control/Licensing Officer for a building of this type,
part of the above mentioned specialist systems, such as access
 IEE Wiring Regulations 17th Edition, (BS 7671) control devices, lighting controls, and the like. size, complexity and occupancy is three hours
 All relevant British Standards  All necessary containment systems, including conduit, cable tray,
Primary sub-main distribution cables which radiate from the CBS are to be
 CIBSE Guides, including CIBSE Code for Interior lighting trunking, flexible conduit, back boxes, etc.
multi-core armoured cable such as FP600 or equivalent. All final circuit wiring
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements  Small power to specialist equipment outlets (C-Form sockets SPN & serving emergency lights will be Prysmian FP Plus multi-core cables or
TPN socket outlets to IEC.309 and BS EN 60309-2 ). equivalent. All final circuit wiring shall be installed within galvanised steel
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. trunking or carried on cable tray/basket.
System Life: In excess of 25 years. Final circuits radiating from distribution boards & service centres shall
generally be run in singles cables to BS 7211 in metal trunking and/or conduit W10 TELECOMMUNICATIONS
System Description or aluminium sheathed multi-core cables to BS 8436. All equipment/electrical
The majority of lighting within the building is to be LED & other low energy accessories are to be compatible with the building architecture. Design Parameters
sources. Some feature lighting, (incl some non LED/low energy lighting), will  Telecoms provider’s requirements
be provided in FOH areas. Socket outlets in public areas and where portable equipment is likely to be  All relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice
used will be provided with RCD/MCB protection at the distribution boards.
A lighting control system, incorporating dimming, daylight linking, scene All external socket outlet circuits shall be protected with RCDs. Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
setting & local overrides is to be provided for the lighting to the FOH and System Life: In excess of 25 years.
Office areas. Limited automated lighting control in the BOH areas, i.e. PIR
control & daylight linking/dimming in offices etc only. V40 EMERGENCY LIGHTING System Description
Design Parameters * Note: System requirements to be confirmed by the Client.
V22 GENERAL LV POWER  The Building Regulations It is envisaged that two incoming fibre optic cables, (from two suppliers), will
 BS 7671 Requirements for electrical installations (IEE Wiring be required to the building, for resilience and flexibility. Conventional
Design Parameters Regulations) analogue external phone lines will also be required for the lifts, and possibility
 The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008)  BS 5266: Pt 1 Code of practice for emergency lighting for premises for the other specialist systems such the security & fire alarm & BMS systems.
 The Building Regulations other than cinemas and certain other premises used for public
entertainment It is proposed that all incoming cables will enter the building, at a dedicated
incoming comms room, located at ground floor level.
 Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements  EN 1838 Lighting applications - Emergency lighting
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements  Local Authority Regulations
 Electricity at Work Act  BS 4555 & BS 5588 W15 FACILITIES FOR DISABLED PERSONS
 Health and Safety  All other relevant British Standards Design Parameters
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002)  CIBSE Guides, incl. CIBSE Code for Interior lighting  Part M of the Building Regulations
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  Local Authority and other statutory requirements  All relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice
System Life: In excess of 25 years.  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002).
 BS EN 60598 part 2.22 Luminaires - Particular requirements -
Luminaires for emergency lighting
40 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
System Description W20 CCTV W2- AUDIO-VISUAL INSTALLATIONS
Disabled WC Alarm System: A disabled WC alarm system will be provided to
Design Parameters The AV requirements will be developed in Stage 3&4, further briefing
all disabled toilets and disabled shower rooms.
 BS 7671 The 17th edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations, from the client will be required to progress this further.
The disabled alarm shall comprise a simple pull switch located inside each  BS EN 50132 Part 7
disabled toilet cubical or shower which when operated will activate an alarm  Home Office Report 28/09
(buzzer) and warning light outside the toilet/shower and a call controller with W40 ACCESS CONTROL
on-board audible and visual indication of call and reset button located in a  Data Protection Act
Design Parameters
central manned location. The alarm shall stay activated until acknowledged  NACOSS Code of Practice
and re-set, by the single call controller or a reset button in the Disabled WC or  BS 7671 The 17th edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations,
shower.  BS EN 1154
 Building Control Requirements
 BS EN 50133 Parts-1, 2 & 7
Disabled Refuge Alarm System: A Disabled Refuge Alarm will be provided Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
 BS4737
which will provide a two-way intercom from each refuge point within the System Life: In excess of 25 years.
building, with a central manned location. The Disabled Refuge Alarm System  Home Office Report 28/09
will enable clear, direct method of two way communication between a person System Description  Data Protection Act
occupying a refuge and the designated fire officer/member of staff, in the * Note: System requirements to be confirmed by the Client.  NACOSS Code of Practice
event of a fire, indicating which refuge(s) are occupied in order to effectively  Relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice,
co-ordinate their evacuation. All disabled refuge alarm cabling is to be high It is envisaged that the building will need to be protected by a building wide
performance fire rated cabling. CCTV System. Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
CCTV coverage is likely to be required to cover the following areas of the
An induction loop will be provided at the reception desk, any further building; System Description
requirements to be confirmed by the client.  The external perimeter of the building, * Note: System requirements to be confirmed by the Client.
 Sensitive external areas, i.e. escape exits etc.
Access Control: It is envisaged that the access to BOH areas & specific rooms
 FOH: General coverage of the entrance lobby & areas will need to be protected by an Access Control System (ACS).
 The BOH/FOH interfaces, and
Access Control is likely to be required on the following doors;
 BOH: Corridors & main circulation routes, plant rooms
 All staff entry routes into the building,
The CCTV system will be based on an Internet Protocol (IP) system.  Doors leading into back of house areas from public areas,
Note: An Internet protocol camera, or IP camera, is a type of digital video  Plant rooms
camera commonly employed for surveillance, and which unlike
analog closed circuit television cameras can send and receive data Doors which can be entered by permanent/authorised members of staff only
via a computer network and the Internet. will be provided with proximity card readers only, (Type 1 doors).
It is proposed that all cameras will be colour, and a mixture of fixed cameras, Preliminary System Requirement
(to be used in corridors & to cover doors etc), and PTZ cameras in large open Capacity: ~10No Type 1 Doors
areas.
The ACS shall comprise of a ‘front end’ programmable, windows based
Preliminary System Requirement system. The ACS is to incorporate a mix of hard wired access controlled doors
Capacity: ~4No External Cameras, and and self-powered ‘wireless’ mechanical locking devices.
~20No Internal Cameras.
The ACS system is to be primarily a POE (Power Over Ethernet) based system,
The internal cameras will be powered using power over Ethernet (POE) or with power provided via rack mounted POE switches located within local
power over Ethernet plus (POE+). The external cameras will require local comms rooms.
mains power and network connection points The CCTV system will be
connected to buildings IT network via switches in the Local IT Comms Rooms All general doors fitted with an electronic locking system will fail safe to
with centralised recording & monitoring. prevent the possibility of trapping somebody in a space/area. Back-up power
will be provided to all doors which must remain locked in the event of the loss
Digital recording equipment, multiple image display screens, (possibly 2No of mains power. All doors on designated fire escape routes will have
large multi-image screens), & 1No control PC will be required in a central, adequate means of escape to allow people to escape when required.
secure location.
W41 SECURITY, DETECTION & ALARM
The CCTV system will be configured in such a way that an activation on the
IDS system will, where possible, switch the corresponding CCTV camera to the Design Parameters
alarm display monitor, providing a means of verifying the alarm activation.  BS 7671 The 17th edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations,
Office 41
MEP Stage 2 Report
 BS EN 50131-2-1 to BS EN 50131-2-6 W50 FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM into a number of search zones to assist fire-fighting personnel who may be
 BS EN 50131-5-3 unfamiliar with the layout of the building.
Design Parameters
 BS4737  British Standard BS 5839 Part 1:2002
 Home Office Report 28/09  British Standard BS 7443 W51 EARTH AND BONDING
 Data Protection Act  The British Fire Protection Systems Association Code of Practice Design Parameters
 NACOSS Code of Practice for the design, installation and servicing of voice alarm systems
 Relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice, associated with fire detection systems
 BS 7430
 The Building Regulations Approved Document B
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  All relevant British Standards and codes of practice
 The requirements of Building Control and the local Fire Officer
System Life: In excess of 25 years.  Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements (inc. PME
 Local Authority Licensing requirements
Requirements)
System Description  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002)
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  Local Authority and other statutory requirements
It is envisaged that an Intruder Detection System (IDS) will be required to System Life: In excess of 25 years.  Electricity at Work Act
protect the building from unauthorised entry.  Health and Safety
System Description
The fire alarm system for the building will be an analogue addressable system  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002).
The IDS will enable designated/remote Security Staff to be notified of:
with separate smoke and heat detectors, sounders, beacons, magnetic door Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
 Unauthorized entry to, or egress from building,
releases, and break glass units at final exits with type L1 (Protection of life)
 Unauthorized entry to, egress to, or movement within specific rooms System Life: In excess of 25 years.
and type P1 (Protection of property) coverage.
or areas, or
System Description
This is to be achieved via a combination of: It is envisaged that automatic Fire and Smoke Detection will be achieved
The earthing & bonding will be designed to protect occupants and equipment
 Monitored, magnetic door contacts on doors, through a combination of:
from the effects of short circuits and fault currents by providing a low
 Local PIR detectors, and  Optical smoke detectors in majority of areas, impedance path to earth, and to protect occupants and equipment from the
Preliminary System Requirement  Heat detectors in kitchens, plant rooms & waste handling areas, and effects of potential differences between metalwork in fault conditions by
Manual notification of a fire will be achieved using manual call points, equipotential bonding.
Capacity: ~10No Doors/Devices.
although the strategy of installing manual call points in public areas will need
Intruder detection via the use of PIRs etc, is considered as unsuitable for the to be agreed the local Building Control and Licensing Authority and W52 LIGHTNING PROTECTION
both the public ‘front of house’ areas as well as the majority of ‘back of coordinated with the Fire Engineering Strategy. Design Parameters
house’ areas, due to the frequent traffic at night, including security,
maintenance & cleaning staff, when the building is closed. In the event of a fire, it is envisaged that notification of the need to evacuate
the building will be provided through a combination of;  BS EN 62305
It is proposed that a number of specific secure areas will be provided with  Sounders  All relevant British Standards and codes of practice
intruder detection, incorporating door contacts, PIRs, etc. The IDS will  Flashing visual beacons in toilet areas  Local Authority and other statutory requirements
incorporate the facility to allow individual zones to be alarmed independently
 Electricity at Work Act
via local key pads. As part of this system all fire escape final exit doors are to The system will also incorporate auxiliary controls and interlocks whose cause
be permanently alarmed. Panic alarms, for use by staff, will also be provided and effects strategies can be programmed in software. Addressable volt-free  Health and Safety
in sensitive areas. contacts/interface units will be provided to signal:  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002).
The IDS system will be configured in such a way that activation on the IDS  kitchen extract system to shut down,
system will, where possible, switch the corresponding CCTV camera to the System Life: In excess of 25 years.
 the shutdown of ventilation plant,
alarm display monitor, providing a means of verifying the alarm activation.  to shut off gas supplies,
System Description
 to the BMS,
The IDS system is to be designed to interface with the Access Control System The Lightning Protection System is to be designed to prevent damage to the
 lifts to return to the ground floor, building and injury to building occupants or passers-by as a result of a
and the CCTV System to provide an integrated site Security System.  magnetic door holders to release and close doors, lightning strike to the building.
 unlock access controlled doors where appropriate, and
The lightning protection is to be designed to BS EN 62305. The air termination
All wiring associated with the fire detection and alarm systems shall be fire will be by a metal roof or by aluminium air terminations fixed to the cladding
resisting (Prysmian FP Plus or Draka Fire Tuf Enhanced minimum standard) where a metal roof is not installed. Down conductors from the roof shall be
and all circuits shall be monitored. connected to earth rods installed in pits at ground level as required to meet
BS EN 62305.
The main and repeater panels shall include backlit LCD display, keypad,
batteries and charger, LED indicators for each zone, digital communicator and
will have full display and control functions. The building area shall be split
42 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
W70 STRUCTURED CABLING/DATA/IT INSTALLATION
Design Parameters
 IEE Wiring Regulations 17th Edition, (BS 7671
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002).
System Description
It is envisaged that a structured cabling/IT system will be required throughout

the building to provide the required IT, Wi-Fi & telephone connectivity,
except in the tenanted office areas where a CAT A only fit-out is to be
provided, which excludes racks, switch panels, data cabling and sockets.
In all other areas the structured cabling system will form a complete
structured wiring system. This will consist of Cat 6, 4 pair UTP LSF cabling, run
on specialist cable basket and multi compartment trunking concealed within
services risers, voids, and above false ceilings connected back to floor to
cabinet mounted switches in the central IT room on the first floor.
The cabling between any individual outlet and the termination and patching
system shall be no greater than 80 metres, and the expected patch lead
length + user fly lead length + cabling length shall not exceed 90 metres.
Hardware/Active Equipment: The supply of switching or other active

hardware is excluded from these works, and will be supplied & installed by
the Employer directly following completion of this project.
X10 LIFTS
Please refer to the lift schedule for information on the lift provision.
Office 43
MEP Stage 2 Report
6.3 Plant & Riser Requirement
6.3.4 Ventilation Risers
6.3.1 Incoming Mechanical Supplies
Services: Ventilation Ductwork
Locations for the following incoming utility supplies/meters will be required:
Office Vent Riser 1 1 m2 From roof to second floor
Gas Meter Room 2.0m x 1.5m x 2.5m (H) Ground Floor
2
Total: 3m Ventilation to outside required, on building perimeter Office Vent Riser 2 2.1 m2 From roof to second floor
Water Meter 1.0m x 1.0m x 2.5m (H) Ground Floor
Room/Cupboard Total: 1m2 On building perimeter Office Vent Riser 3 1.5 m2 From roof to ground floor
2
WC Riser 1 1m From roof to second floor, small ducts continue to ground
floor to serve cleaners cupboards
6.3.2 Principal Mechanical Plant Rooms WC Riser 2 1.1m2 From roof to ground floor
These following principal mechanical plant rooms will be required: 2
Council Chamber Fresh Air 1m From ground floor to roof
Riser
2
Kitchen Vent Riser 1m From ground floor to roof
Boiler Room Total: 60m2, (3.4m h) Level L1M.
Council Chamber Vent Riser 2.5m2 From ground floor to h/l first floor
[Boilers, Heating Pumps etc, Hot
Water Plant, Cold Water break
tanks & pumps etc.] 6.3.5 General Pipework Risers.
Chilled water Plant Room Total: 40m2 (2.8m h) Roof Services: Pipework Services, (htg, chilled water, water services etc)
[Chilled water pumps etc.] As required, shown adjacent to chiller.
Water Services Room Total: 25m2 (3.3m h) Ground Floor
Mechanical Riser 1 0.5m d x 1.0m w From ground floor to roof
[Water pumps, tank etc.] Note: It is assumed that minimal water storage
will be required Mechanical Riser 2 0.5m d x 1.7m w From ground floor to roof
6.3.3 Principal Ventilation Plant Rooms (Internal) 6.3.6 Incoming Electrical Supply
These following principal ventilation plant rooms will be required: Locations for the following incoming utility supplies/meters will be required:
Plant/Service Size Location/Notes Plant/Service Size Location/Notes

Council Chamber Ventilation L: 15m MIN Ground Floor 1No Utility Electricity 4.0m x 5.0m x 3.0m (H) Ground Floor
Plant Room W: 5m MIN Substation
H: 3.5m MIN Note: Good, level, 24hr access required for Utility
Provider.
6.3.7 Principal Electrical Plant Rooms

There following electrical plant rooms will be required:
Main LV Switch Room 4.8m x 3.1m x 3.2m (H) Ground Floor
44 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
Note: As close to substation as possible
Incoming Comms 1.5m x 1.0m x 2.5m (H) Ground Floor.

2
Room/Cupboard Total: 1.5m
Ideally on perimeter
6.3.8 IT Comms Rooms

There following IT Comms Rooms may also be required, (dependent on the Client Brief):
Main IT Comms Room To be advised. A central IT room is currently shown on the GA.
Briefing Issue This may be sufficient in size if the IT requirement
is relatively light.
6.3.9 Main Electrical Risers

Services: Primary Electrical Services, (sub-main cabling etc)

Electrical Riser 1 0.6m d x 1.0m w Ground Floor to Roof
Electrical Riser 2 0.6 d x 1.7m w Ground Floor to Roof

6.3.10 Local Electrical Switch Rooms/Cupboards

It is anticipated that the majority of distribution boards will be located in the risers. There may be a requirement for a
number local distribution boards, ideally located in small rooms or cupboards. The location of these switch
rooms/cupboard can be agreed during Stage 3.
6.3.11 External Plant – Chillers

There following external plant space will be required for chillers & other heat rejection plant:
Chiller Enclosure as shown on current GAs Roof

H: 3.0m MIN
Note: Louvres will be required in the open side of
the façade to provide the required air flow
round the unit.
VRF/DX Heat Rejection Plant as shown on current GAs Roof

H: 2.0m MIN
Note: Louvres will be required in the open side of
the façade to provide the required air flow
round the unit.
Office 45
MEP Stage 2 Report
7.0 MEP SERVICES DESCRIPTION – CAR PARK
7.1 Mechanical System Description Preliminary Plant Selection
A system of gullies on each floor of the car park will be provided to provide Equipment: 1No Packaged Booster Set & Break Tank Category V
drainage to manage water run-off from vehicles and any wash down or backflow protection
R10 RAINWATER DRAINAGE cleaning which may take place. The drainage system will drain via gravity to Duty: 1.0l/s @ 2 bar
Design Parameters the lowest floor of the car park where the collected water will drain into a Manufacturer: Arrow Valves: ‘Boost-a-break’ Break Tank & Booster
 Building Regulations Part H sump, via a petrol interceptor. Set, (Model 700 or equal approved).
 BS EN 12056 Parts 1, 3 & 6 A packaged sewage pumping chamber below bottom floor slab, (2No. Cold water pipework will be insulated throughout the building. Trace heating
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. submerged pumps, duty and standby arrangement), will be used to pump the is to be provided where pipes enter unheated spaces. Cold water distribution
collected water to h/l within the car park for discharge to sewer. within the carp park is to be by table X copper pipework. Copper pipework is
to be installed with soldered joints throughout, except connections onto
System Description The drainage layout is to be arranged to provide a minimum number of appliances which are to be compression fittings. All pipework will be
The extent of roofs which will require drainage are very limited, due to the downpipes whilst also ensuring that the pipe routes are the shortest concealed in plant rooms.
practicable, with as few bends as possible and no bends in wet portion of the
car park being buried under the landscaping.
downpipes. The downpipes will generally run exposed, adjacent to structural Sub-metering will be provided, with pulse outputs recorded on the BMS.
The roofs which do require rainwater drainage are to drain into a columns. Control algorithms will be used to detect and alarm should unusual
combination of internal and external rainwater pipes. Roof outlets will be consumption be detected outside of operation hours.
All car park drainage pipework is to be cast iron installed in accordance with
selected to be compatible with the roofing system. Adequate overflows are to
the manufacturer's recommendations. All downpipes are to have a full-bore
be provided from flat roofs to ensure that water can freely discharge without
entering the car park should the rainwater outlets become blocked or access point within 1m of connection with below ground drainage. In S61 DRY RISERS
restricted. Access will be required to the roofs to clear outlets, etc. and the addition, access is to be provided at all changes of direction to enable easy
rodding of all pipework. All downpipes are to have rodding access at each Design Parameters
health & safety implications of this are to be considered as part of the design.
floor level.  BS 9990, Non-automatic fire-fighting systems.
 BS 5041, Fire hydrant Systems Equipment.
A combination of HDPE and cast iron pipework is to be used for internal
 CIBSE Guide E.
rainwater pipework. Cast iron pipework is to be used on any long horizontal
pipework runs to eliminate the risk of HDPE pipe sagging. The external S10 COLD WATER Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
rainwater pipework is to be specified by the architect. Cast iron pipework is to Design Parameters System Life: In excess of 25 years.
be is to be mechanically jointed. HDPE pipework is to be electro-fusion
jointed. System Description
 British Standard BS 6700 A dry riser for use by the Fire Brigade for fire-fighting is to be provided in fire
All rainwater down pipes are to have full-bore rodding access within 1m of  BS EN 806 fighting shaft. An inlet valve is to be provided on the external façade of the
connection with the below ground drainage. In addition rodding access is to building at ground floor level, and outlet valves are to be provided on each of
 BS 8558
be provided at all changes in direction of pipework. the car park floors. For further details see the Fire Consultants Stage 2 Report.
 Local authority requirements
All site below ground surface water drainage including, rainwater attenuation  CIBSE Guides S63 SPRINKLERS
is by the Structural/Civil Engineer.  Institute of Plumbing: Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guides Design Parameters
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  LPC Rules for Automatic Sprinkler Systems 2015 incorporating BS EN
R20 CAR PARK DRAINAGE System Life: In excess of 25 years. 12845 (Automatic Sprinkler Systems) and the associated LPC
Technical Bulletins (TBs)
Design Parameters
System Description  BS EN 12845
 The Building Regulations Approved Document Part H A new metered mains cold water supply is to be provided to the car park. The  Hazard Classification OH2
 APEA Guidance supply is to enter the car park in one of the ventilation plant rooms at
basement level B1. Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
 BS EN 12056, Parts 1 & 2.
 BS 8000 Part 13, BS 8301. The mains water requirements for the car park are minimal. A wash down
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements. point will be provided on each floor for any cleaning or wash-down System Description
requirements. A packaged booster set & break tank, with category V backflow A sprinkler system is required in the car park. This will include a 105m 3 water
protection will be provided to ensure the requirement air gap/separation. storage tank and pump set located on the ground floor of the car park. Back-
up power will be required to operate the pumps in the event of a mains
power failure. This will be provided by a generator mounted on the roof of
the office building and is described in the office services description (section
6.0). Should the roof-top generator be incapable of overcoming a locked rotor
46 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
on the sprinkler pumps, a diesel powered pumped will be considered in place Ductwork is generally galvanised steel to DW144 (enhanced to be used for W60 MONITORING & CONTROL
of the back-up generator supply. This will be developed with a sprinkler smoke clearance).
specialist during the next design stage. Design Parameters
U13 CAR PARK SUPPLY/EXTRACT VENTILATION U14 SMOKE CONTROL/CLEARANCE  CIBSE Commissioning Code C
Design Parameters Design Parameters  BS EN 1334-6:2007
 The Building Regulations, Part B, Part F & Part L  The Building Regulations, Part B, Part F & Part L  CIBSE Guide H
 The local Authority requirements  The local Authority requirements Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
 BS 7346-7  BS 7346-7 System Life: In excess of 25 years.
 BS 9999  BS 9999
System Description
 BESA - DW143, DW144 & DW145  BESA - DW143, DW144 & DW145 A web enabled building and energy management system is to be provided for
 CIBSE Guide A  CIBSE Guide A control and monitoring. Mechanical control panels are to be provided in the
main plant rooms to provide power and control to all major plant. Outstations
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
are to be provided as required around the building to pick up local sensors
System Life: In excess of 25 years. System Life: In excess of 25 years. and control valves. Plant remote from the main plant room is to be provided
with local power supplies and controlled via the BMS.
System Description System Description
Mechanical ventilation supply and extract is to be provided in line with the Smoke control/extract is to be provided to the car park floor plates Local sensors will be provided in all spaces to control and monitor the
regulations to the both the main floor plate of the car park. No separate, Smoke control is to be provided to each of these areas in the following way: installed plant, motorised vents, etc to maintain the conditions within the car
dedicated plant will be provided for an access ramp due to the car park being park.
ramped, with access running down the centre. The Car Park, (General Floor Plates): Smoke extract will be provided to main
car parking floor plates via the general ventilation plant which serves these A BMS system will be employed to manage the main items of plant in the
The same ventilation plant which serves these areas under normal operating areas, (see section U13). The supply & extract fans which form part of this building and minimise energy use. The BMS is to be linked to the Internet.
conditions will be used for smoke extract. system will be fire rated, and provided with a standby/back-up power supply
from the life safety generator. In the event of a fire a ventilation rate 10 ach Redundancy is to be provided within the control system to reduce the risk of
The Car Park, (General Floor Plates): Mechanical supply & extract ventilation will be provided to the floor on which the fire is present. control system failure or loss of correct function. All control will be
will be provided to the general floor plates of the car park, (6 ach under adequately supported in the event of interruption of the power supply in
normal operation & 10 ach under fire conditions, in line with current order that normal control resumes on mains return.
regulations).
Fresh air will be drawn in from above ground level, via a dedicated structure remaining controllers are to remain functioning normally. Effected plant is to
incorporated into a light well outside the office, below the western facade. be shut down safely. All programmable & logged data is to be held on the
The air will be drawn via the lightwell, into a large intake room housing the individual outstation in non-volatile EPRM. Stored data is to be held for at
fans and attenuation. Dual supply fans, (50% capacity each); will force air into least 48 hours. On return of mains supply after a failure, the controller is to
a large supply riser which links the plant room to each floor. Fresh air will be reboot automatically and restart plant sequentially. On failure of the network
supplied to each floor of the car park via grilles located in the sides of the local outstation control is to be maintained.
riser.
Air will be extracted from each floor, via a grilles located in the sides of the
large dedicated extract riser, located on the opposite side of the car park
from the supply riser, (to help ensure adequate ventilation is provided to all
areas). The extract riser will be connected to a dedicated Extract Ventilation
Plant Room, Dual extract fans, (50% capacity each), will force air into a large
discharge riser which links the plant room to a discharge plenum at external
ground level adjacent to the stairwell/exit lobby. Air will be discharged from
the plenum via louvres.
Preliminary Plant Selection

Car Park Supply & Extract Fans
Capacity: ~20.0m3/s each
Spec: Inverter controlled, fire rated axial fans.
Induction/cyclone fans, mounted on the soffit of each floor will be used to

ensure adequate ventilation is provided to all areas of the floor plate/car
park.
Office 47
MEP Stage 2 Report
7.2 Electrical The car park will take power from the main panel serving the office building. The main earth bar will be located with the main switchgear and will be
bonded to the incoming water and to the water, telecommunications and
Primary LV Switchgear: Primary LV switchgear in the form of cubicle switch lightning protection installations.
V10 STANDBY GENERATION panels will be located in the Main LV Switch Room.
Design Parameters Earthing will be provided to all boards from a main earth bar using the
 The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008) The main switchgear panel will be 3-phase with Form of Separation to at least armour of the sub-mains cabling or earth conductor where required. Local
Form 4 Type 2, which shall feed sub-mains via ACBs and MCCBs to BS EN distribution boards will be bonded to the building steelwork. Supplementary
 The Building Regulations 60947-2 with adjustable electronic trip units to distribute power to MCB final equipotential bonding will be provided.
 CIBSE GUIDE AM8: 1992. circuit distribution boards and distributed loads around the car park.
 BS 4999 Parts 101, 140 & 143 V21 GENERAL LIGHTING
Secondary LV Switchgear: Secondary LV switchgear in the form of cubicle or
 BS 5000 Design Parameters
packaged panel board switch panels are to be installed in plant rooms. The
 All relevant British Standards and codes of practice secondary switchgear will be 3-phase with Form of Separation to at least  The Building Regulations
 Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements Form 4 Type 2, which shall feed sub-mains via MCCBs to distribute power to  IEE Wiring Regulations 17th Edition, (BS 7671)
MCB final circuit distribution boards and distributed loads around the car
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements  All relevant British Standards
park.
 Electricity at Work Act  CIBSE Guides, including CIBSE Code for Interior lighting
 Health and Safety Final Circuit Distribution Boards: Final circuit distribution boards will be  Local Authority and other statutory requirements
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002) provided throughout the car park. The boards shall generally be Type A or B
MCB boards manufactured to BS EN 60439-3. All distribution boards Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. complete will be provided with all protective devices, accessories, blanking System Life: In excess of 25 years.
System Life: In excess of 25 years. plates, locks, labels, etc.
System Description
System Description Extension boxes are to be provided for each board that contains electrical The majority of lighting within the car park is to be LED & other low energy
In the event of a power failure, back-up power will be required to support: sub-meters. sources. No lighting control system will be required.
 All smoke extract ventilation plant,
All cable protection via switch fuses, MCBs or RCDs to BS EN 60898 and BS EN
 The sprinkler system 60947-2 to be provided, with adequate discrimination between higher rated V22 GENERAL LV POWER
 The ventilation plant serving the generator (if applicable), and devices and lower rated devices at all parts of the system and for all fault
 The fire-fighting lift. conditions. All LV switchgear protective devices shall be by the same Design Parameters
manufacturer throughout.  The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008)
The car park will use the generator located on the roof of the office, with also  The Building Regulations
provides back-up power for the emergency room and any other life safety All distribution boards including the main distribution board at the intake will
be sized to allow for 25% spare capacity and 25% spare ways. All boards will  All relevant British Standards and codes of practice
requirements for the office. This is described in the “MEP Services Description
– Office” section of this report. be located in plant rooms or dedicated switch rooms.  Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements
V20 LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION Cables & Containment: All cables emanating from the main switch panels and
local panel boards shall generally be armoured BS 6724 Cu/XLPE/SWA/LSF  Electricity at Work Act
Design Parameters cables. Associated CPC's will generally use the cable armouring of their  Health and Safety
 The IEE Wiring Regulations (17th Edition BS 7671:2008) respective sub-main cables unless otherwise indicated.  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002)
 The Building Regulations Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
Electrical wiring containment systems will be chosen for robustness and
 All relevant British Standards and codes of practice adaptability. To allow for future expansion, all containment will be sized for System Life: In excess of 25 years.
 Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements 25% space factor and 25% spare capacity. Cables on tray or fixed direct to be
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements spaced by a minimum of one cable diameter apart - unless otherwise System Description
indicated. Electrical accessories and small power to fixed equipment and socket outlets
 Electricity at Work Act will be provided as required within the car park.
 Health and Safety Sub-metering: All main LV incomers and outgoers to be provided with sub-
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002) meters. The general small power installation is to include:
 Adequate socket outlets, for all temporary/portable/non-fixed
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. All electrical meters shall be networked and connected to an Electrical electrical appliances & needs, including cleaning requirements,
System Life: In excess of 25 years. Network Management System (ENMS). The ENMS will collect data; carry out maintenance etc.
logging of energy use within the building.
System Description  Power & control cabling to all lighting & lighting accessories, i.e.
The LV Distribution System is to be designed to provide a safe and reliable LV luminaires, local switches etc.
Earthing & Bonding: Earthing and bonding will be provided to meet the
power distribution system for the car park, satisfying all regulations & requirements on the IEE regulations.  Small power to all equipment as required in connection with the
statutory requirements. specialist systems within the building, including the fire alarm,
security, data and communications, controls systems etc.
48 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
 All ELV cabling associated with various ancillary components forming It is envisaged that several incoming analogue external phone lines will be W20 CCTV
part of the above mentioned specialist systems, such as access required for the lifts, and possibility for the other specialist systems such the
security & fire alarm & BMS systems. Design Parameters
control devices, and the like.
 BS 7671 The 17th edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations,
 All necessary containment systems, including conduit, cable tray,
trunking, flexible conduit, back boxes, etc.  BS EN 50132 Part 7
Final circuits radiating from distribution boards & service centres shall  Home Office Report 28/09
generally be run in singles cables to BS 7211 in metal trunking and/or conduit  Data Protection Act
or aluminium sheathed multi-core cables to BS 8436. All equipment/electrical  NACOSS Code of Practice
accessories are to be compatible with the building architecture.
 Building Control Requirements
V40 EMERGENCY LIGHTING Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.
Design Parameters System Life: In excess of 25 years.
System Description
 BS 7671 Requirements for electrical installations (IEE Wiring * Note: System requirements to be confirmed by the Client.
Regulations)
 BS 5266: Pt 1 Code of practice for emergency lighting for premises It is envisaged that the car park will need to be protected by a CCTV System.
other than cinemas and certain other premises used for public
entertainment CCTV coverage is likely to be required to cover the following areas of the car
 EN 1838 Lighting applications - Emergency lighting park;
 Local Authority Regulations  All vehicle & pedestrians entrances to the car park,
 BS 4555 & BS 5588  All lift lobbies,
 All other relevant British Standards  All staircase,
 CIBSE Guides, incl. CIBSE Code for Interior lighting  The general floor plate of the car park, and
 Local Authority and other statutory requirements  All plant & switch rooms.
 LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002). The CCTV system will be based on an Internet Protocol (IP) system.
 BS EN 60598 part 2.22 Luminaires - Particular requirements - Note: An Internet protocol camera, or IP camera, is a type of digital video
Luminaires for emergency lighting camera commonly employed for surveillance, and which unlike
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. analog closed circuit television cameras can send and receive data
System Life: In excess of 25 years. via a computer network and the Internet.
System Description It is proposed that all cameras will be colour, vandal resistant, and a mixture
The emergency escape lighting is to be provided by individual LED fittings of fixed cameras, (to be used in corridors & to cover doors etc), and PTZ
with 3hr, self-contained battery packs. cameras in large open areas.
A central monitoring & automated testing system will be required. To Preliminary System Requirement
facilitate the central monitoring & testing facility, all fittings will need to be Capacity: ~2No External Cameras, and
individually addressable, (e.g. DALI controlled or equivalent), and be able to ~36No Internal Cameras.
communicated, (typically by a BUS or comms cable), to the central monitoring
system & hardware. The majority of cameras will be powered using power over Ethernet (POE) or
power over Ethernet plus (POE+). All cameras will be wired back to local
switches & control equipment in plant or switch rooms. It is envisaged that all
monitoring & recording will be carried out remotely/off site. Equipment
W10 TELECOMMUNICATIONS
required to transmit all CCTV images to the remote monitoring station will be
Design Parameters located on the roof of the office.
 Telecoms provider’s requirements
Digital recording equipment, multiple image display screens, (possibly 2No
 All relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice
large multi-image screens), & 1No control PC will be required at the remote
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. monitoring location.
The CCTV system will be configured in such a way that an activation on the
IDS system will, where possible, switch the corresponding CCTV camera to the
System Description
alarm display monitor, providing a means of verifying the alarm activation.
Office 49
MEP Stage 2 Report
W40 ACCESS CONTROL The IDS will enable designated/remote Security Staff to be notified of all The system will also incorporate auxiliary controls and interlocks whose cause
authorized &unauthorized entry to, or egress from protected areas or rooms. and effects strategies can be programmed in software. Addressable volt-free
Design Parameters contacts/interface units will be provided to signal:
This is to be achieved via a combination of:
 BS 7671 The 17th edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations,  the shutdown of non-essential ventilation plant,
 Monitored, magnetic door contacts on doors, and
 BS EN 1154  the activation of smoke extract ventilation, and
 Local PIR detectors.  to unlock access controlled doors where appropriate.
 BS EN 50133 Parts-1, 2 & 7
 BS4737 Preliminary System Requirement All wiring associated with the fire detection and alarm systems shall be fire
 Home Office Report 28/09 Capacity: ~10No Doors/Devices. resisting (Prysmian FP Plus or Draka Fire Tuf Enhanced minimum standard)
 Data Protection Act and all circuits shall be monitored.
The IDS system will be configured in such a way that activation on the IDS
system will, where possible, switch the corresponding CCTV camera to the The main and repeater panels shall include backlit LCD display, keypad,
 Relevant British Standards and Codes of Practice, alarm display monitor, providing a means of verifying the alarm activation. batteries and charger, LED indicators for each zone, digital communicator and
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. will have full display and control functions. The building area shall be split
The IDS system is to be designed to interface with the Access Control System into a number of search zones to assist fire-fighting personnel who may be
and the CCTV System to provide an integrated site Security System. unfamiliar with the layout of the building.
System Description
W50 FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM W51 EARTH AND BONDING
Access Control: It is envisaged that the access to the plant & switch rooms will Design Parameters Design Parameters
need to be protected by an Access Control System (ACS).  British Standard BS 5839 Part 1:2002  The Building Regulations
 British Standard BS 7443  BS 7430
Doors which require access control will be provided with proximity card
readers.  The British Fire Protection Systems Association Code of Practice  All relevant British Standards and codes of practice
for the design, installation and servicing of voice alarm systems
 Local Electricity Utility supplier requirements (inc. PME
Preliminary System Requirement associated with fire detection systems
Requirements)
Capacity: ~8No 1 Doors.  The Building Regulations Approved Document B
 The requirements of Building Control and the local Fire Officer
The ACS shall comprise of a ‘front end’ programmable, windows based  Local Authority and other statutory requirements
system. It is likely that all doors will be hard wired, due to nature of the  Local Authority Licensing requirements
 Electricity at Work Act
building. Back-up power will be provided to all doors which must remain  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002)
locked in the event of the loss of mains power. Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement.  LDSA: Technical Standards for Places of Entertainment, (2002).
W41 SECURITY, DETECTION & ALARM System Life: In excess of 25 years.
System Description
Design Parameters The fire alarm system for the car park will be an analogue addressable system
with type L1 (Protection of life) and type P1 (Protection of property) System Description
 BS 7671 The 17th edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations,
coverage. The earthing & bonding will be designed to protect occupants and equipment
 BS EN 50131-2-1 to BS EN 50131-2-6 from the effects of short circuits and fault currents by providing a low
 BS EN 50131-5-3 It is envisaged that automatic Fire and Smoke Detection will be achieved impedance path to earth, and to protect occupants and equipment from the
 BS4737 through a combination of: effects of potential differences between metalwork in fault conditions by
equipotential bonding.
 Home Office Report 28/09  Optical smoke detectors, and
 Data Protection Act  Heat detectors.
Manual notification of a fire will be achieved using manual call points, 7.3 Crescent Road Car Park
although the strategy of installing manual call points in public areas will need
Plant/Equipment Life: A minimum of 20 years without major replacement. to be agreed the local Building Control and Licensing Authority and As part of the overall scheme there is a proposal to build an extension to the
coordinated with the Fire Engineering Strategy. existing Crescent Road car park, located on a different site within Tunbridge
Wells.
System Description In the event of a fire, it is envisaged that notification of the need to evacuate
the building will be provided through a combination of; A feasibility study has not been undertaken for the MEP services, however it
 Voice Annunciation alarm over a secure VA system, and is assumed that the following strategy will be adopted. This aligns with the
 Sounders, in some plant areas. cost plan and discussions in design team meetings.
It is envisaged that an Intruder Detection System (IDS) will be required to
protect the plant & switch rooms within car park from unauthorised entry.
Ventilation will be by natural ventilation for smoke and fresh air, in line with
our understanding of the ventilation for the existing car park. Provided that
50 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
1/20th of the floor area can be provided, in line with the building regulations
for car park ventilation, no mechanical ventilation should be required.
The uplift in electricity demand should be minimal, however a capacity check

on the existing system should be carried out. The supply for the extension will
come from the existing LV system in the car park, there are two options for
this depending on the spare capacity on the main panel and local distribution
boards.
Option 1: New distribution board for the extension, one per floor or
potentially one board could serve multiple floors. This would involve taking
new supplies from the existing main panel, with new sub-mains cables serving
each new board.
Option 2: Take new circuits from the existing distribution boards on each floor
in the vicinity of the extension. This relies on there being spare ways and
spare capacity on the existing distribution boards.
Lighting will be provided to modern standards in keeping with the lighting

scheme for the existing car park.
ELV systems such as the fire detection and alarm, CCTV, security and
communications systems will be an extension to the existing systems.
It is assumed that the existing systems will have capacity to be extended

without major upgrade or alterations.
Office 51
MEP Stage 2 Report
7.4 Plant & Riser Requirement 7.4.3 Ventilation Risers
Services: Supply & extract air.
7.4.2 Principal Ventilation Plant Rooms (Internal)
These following principal ventilation plant rooms will be required: Area/Service Size Location/Notes
Car Park Intake Riser Refer to drawings

Car Park Exhaust Riser Refer to drawings
Car Park Supply Ventilation Plant Refer to drawings
Room.
Car Park Supply Air Riser Refer to drawings
[Supply fans for the main floor
plates of the Car Park.] Car Park Extract Riser Refer to drawings
Car Park Extract Ventilation Plant Refer to drawings

Car Park Extract Riser Refer to drawings
Room.
[Extract fans for the main floor
plates of the Car Park.] Note: Currently proposed that a proportion of these risers are builderswork risers, i.e. constructed out
of concrete, (although will need to be sealed/made air tight).
7.4.4 Ventilation Intakes/Discharges (External)

These following fresh air intakes & discharges need to be accommodated in the landscaping above the Car
Park.
Car Park Fresh Air Intake. Refer to drawings
Car Park Discharge. Refer to drawings
Car Park Discharge. Refer to drawings
Generator Discharge. Refer to drawings
7.4.5 Principal Electrical Plant Rooms

There following electrical plant rooms will be required:
Main LV Switch Room ~4.5m l x 6.0m d Level L1M.

H: 2.6m MIN
Generator Room ~3.5m l x 6.0m d Level L1M.

H: 2.6m MIN
7.4.6 Local Electrical Switch Rooms/Cupboards

There will be a requirement for a number local distribution boards, ideally located in small rooms or
cupboards. The location of these switch rooms/cupboard can be agreed during Stage 3.
52 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
Office 53
MEP Stage 2 Report
8.0 UTILITIES AND SITE SERVICES
The existing site services have been analysed using a combination of the
Terrain Surveys Ltd survey dated June 2016 and utility maps from the various The proposals and progress can be summarised as follows:
infrastructure owners. The extent of the proposed building has then been
considered to determine the diversions required in pre-commencement
works. Finally, locations for new utility services have been outlined and utility 1. Electricity: An application for a new substation and associated HV
loads calculated for each proposed building based on typical requirements for connection has been made to UKPN. In order to serve the
each building use. substation, we anticipate the UK Power Network (UKPN) owned high
voltage (HV) infrastructure will be extended along Mount Pleasant
Refer to OF-A10– series drawings. These drawings show locations of existing Avenue. The UKPN-owned substation will be sited on the ground
services, required diversions and new site services required to suit the floor at the South West of the office building. A 800kVA LV
proposed office. connection to the has been requested, which covers the supply to
the car park and office, with an allowance for spare capacity. The
new supply to the office will also serve the car park, the electricity
8.1 Existing site services operator do not allow multiple utility supplies to a single building.
Water and gas are taken from Mount Pleasant Avenue. LV electrical supplies 2. Gas: An application has been made to Southern Gas Networks (SGN)
are taken from substations to the North and South of the site. for a new connection and U40 meter. The meter will be served from
SGN’s existing infrastructure to the West of the building on Mount
Pleasant Avenue and will terminate in the gas plantroom on the
8.2 Load assessment and proposed site services West.
The utility loads outlined in the table below have formed the basis for utility
applications. 3. Water: A new connection application has been made to South East
Water. It is proposed the connection will be taken from the existing
infrastructure on Mount Pleasant Avenue to the West. The water
Electrical Water Peak Gas Peak
Supply Peak Daily Demand Demand M3/hr connection will connect to the proposed ground floor water
Demand KVA (litres) plantroom to the West of the building.
Predicted 700 35,000 30

4. Comms: Openreach infrastructure is to be extended to the Office
maximum
demand from Mount Pleasant Avenue to the West of the building. The
connection will terminate in the proposed Comms room to be
located in the West of the Office on the Ground Floor.
8.3 Utility applications and diversion

Due to the size and nature of the proposed building, it is envisaged any
existing service will be inadequately sized. Therefore existing connections
serving buildings to be demolished are to be disconnected and redundant
pipework or cabling removed.
There are water and electrical services on the site that the survey assumes to
be redundant. This is to be confirmed on site.
54 Office
MEP Stage 2 Report
Tunbridge Wells Civic Centre- Office
TABLE 1 OF 3: PROPOSED NEW LIFTS: GENERAL SPECIFICATION
LIFT SPEC
REF LIFT TYPE LOCATION DESCRIPTION CAPACITY PERSONS SPEED TRAVEL STOPS/ LEVELS SERVED TYPE ISSUES/NOTES
kg m/s m DOORS Grd 1 1M 2 3 4 5
L/TW/O/L1 Passenger Main Core Office Lift 1150 15 1.0 ~20.9 6/6 √ √ - √ √ √ √ Single Entry Car
To be used as an evacuation lift, (to BS

L/TW/O/L2 Passenger Main Core Office Lift 1150 15 1.0 ~20.9 6/6 √ √ - √ √ √ √ Single Entry Car
9999). Ground floor single door only.
Main Core – Through/Double Entry To be used as an evacuation lift, (to BS
L/TW/C/L1 Passenger Car Park Lift 1150 15 1.0 ~8.7 4/7 √ √ √ √ - - -
Car Park Side Car 9999). Ground floor single door only.
Passenger/G To be used as an evacuation lift, (to BS
L/TW/O/L3 Rear Staircore Office Lift 1150 15 1.0 ~8.7 4/4 - - - √ √ √ √ Single Entry Car
oods 9999).
TABLE 2 OF 3: PROPOSED NEW LIFTS: CAR & SHAFT SIZES
LIFT CAR LIFT DOORS LIFT SHAFT

CW
PIT
REF LIFT TYPE LOCATION DESCRIPTION SAFETY CONTROL
WIDTH DEPTH HEIGHT WIDTH HEIGHT OPENING WIDTH DEPTH DEPTH HEADROOM
GEAR
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
L/TW/O/L1 Passenger Main Core Office Lift 1400 1850 2300 900 2200 Centre 2150 2250 1500 4300 No
Group supervisory,
L/TW/O/L2 Passenger Main Core Office Lift 1400 1850 2300 900 2200 Centre 2150 2250 1500 4300 No
(3 car group).
Main Core –
L/TW/C/L1 Passenger Car Park Lift 1400 1850 2300 900 2200 Centre 2150 2250 1500 4300 No
Car Park Side
L/TW/O/L3 Passenger/Goods Rear Staircore Office Lift 1400 1850 2300 900 2200 Centre 2150 2250 1500 4300 No Fully collective.
Office: Lift Schedule

J6112/OF-X1-500 rev A
42–43 Gloucester Crescent F + 44 (0)20 7482 0329 Registered in England and Wales 42-43 Gloucester Crescent, 25 November 2016 / MO / page 1 of 2
London NW1 7PE Number OC300026 London NW1 7PE OF-X1-500 rev B
Tunbridge Wells Civic Centre- Office
TABLE 3 OF 3: PROPOSED NEW LIFTS: FINISHES (PROVSIONAL)
LIFTS LANDING DOORS CAR DOORS CAR FINISHES CONTROLS OTHER FEATURES
Passenger Lifts
L/TW/O/L1 Doors: Power operated horizontal sliding doors. Doors: Power operated horizontal sliding doors. Lift Finishes to be agreed with the Architect. Landings: Up/down call push buttons as Position indicators: Above each landing door.
Two panel, side/central opening, (as Two panel, side/central opening. Walls: TBA necessary. Lift supplier to provide;
L/TW/O/L2
Table 2). Material/Finish: Steel, galvanised. Floor: Recessed to take floor finish by others. Car: Push buttons for each floor & door open. & - All ancillary equipment, i.e. pit ladders etc./
L/TW/C/L1 Fire Rating: Not Required. Architraves: Steel, galvanised. Ceiling: TBA key switch to park doors in open position. - All shaft power & lighting.
Material/Finish: Steel, galvanised. Safety: Non-contact multi-beam device giving Handrail: TBA Options, (Lift dependent):
L/TW/O/L3
Architraves: Steel, galvanised. blanket coverage of door opening. Mirror: TBA - Lift controls to allow individual lifts to be
Sills: One piece with non-slip surface c/w door “nudging” feature. Car Control Panel: Bespoke panel. designated as express lifts, (to specific floors).
in stainless steel. Lighting: TBA
Notes Rev Date Status Description Engineer Project

Leader
1. Based upon A&M layouts issued on 30/10/2016 B 07/11/16 INFORMATION REVISED STAGE 2 ISSUE – MINOR MPN MPN
AMMENDMENTS
A 07/11/16 INFORMATION REVISED STAGE 2 ISSUE MPN MPN
* 12/08/16 INFORMATION STAGE 2 ISSUE MPN MPN
Office: Lift Schedule

J6112/OF-X1-500 rev A
42–43 Gloucester Crescent F + 44 (0)20 7482 0329 Registered in England and Wales 42-43 Gloucester Crescent, 25 November 2016 / MO / page 2 of 2
London NW1 7PE Number OC300026 London NW1 7PE OF-X1-500 rev B

CDP Stage 2 Appendix - D Building Services

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MAX FORDHAM LLP TEAM CONTRIBUTORS

Mark Nutley Senior Partner + HVAC design

Matt Oliver Project Leader

Hazel Selby Lighting Designer

John Bone Energy Strategy

Alexia Charisi Environmental Design

J:\J6112\Reports\Stage 2\Tunbridge Wells Civic Campus Stage 2 Theatre 21122016.docx

2.0 Auditorium Ventilation 5

3.0 Lighting Design 8

4.0 Energy Strategy 13

5.0 MEP Services Description 21

6.0 Utilities and Site Services 34

Some of the sections of the report are intended as references, guides or

2.1 Auditorium ventilation strategy

A displacement ventilation strategy will be adopted for the audience with

A comparison was made of the performance of 3 different face panel

For each panel, air velocity was

Hull Truck Theatre

Les Quinconces Cultural Centre

New Marlowe Theatre

Theatre Royal Newcastle

Corby Cube Theatre

Wall recessed lighting

Architects Stage 2 rendering of stalls bar area with pendants

Handrail integrated lighting Seat mounted lights

Stair treads lighting

Central handrail integrated lighting

Wyly Theatre Dallas

New Marlowe Theatre Foyer

National Theatre Foyer

Theatre Royal Glasgow

Internal Area Average light level in Lux

Foyer and front of house circulation 200 on the floor

Bar/cafe 200 on the floor

Auditorium 250lux at seats

Dressing rooms 300lux

WCs 200 on the floor

Offices 300lux at workplane

Plant rooms generally 200 on the floor

Electrical/hazardous plant rooms 250 on the floor

As already discussed, this study is to fulfill a credit under BREEAM category

Benchmark figure Notes

Carbon target 36.4 kgCO2/m2 Previous project

Annual total heating 74.4 kWh/m2 Previous project

Annual hot water load 10.4 kWh/m2 Previous project

Photovoltaic Panels (PVs)

It is preferable that any electricity that is generated is used on site as every

A biomass boiler needs to operate under a reasonably constant load being a

The fuel source could be gas in an engine or turbine, or could consist of

Energy Capital cost per Service life cost

The building needs to satisfy the requirements of the Building Regulations

 BESA - DW143, DW144 & DW145  All Basement Rooms.

WC ventilation, (supply & extract), is to be provided to all areas via a central,

Redundancy is to be provided within the control system to reduce the risk of

In the event of power failure or operational failure of one controller, the

W61 WINDOW CONTROLS

The down conductors shall be connected to earth rods installed in pits at

W70 STRUCTURED CABLING/DATA/IT INSTALLATION