Sienna and Lynn haven't shopped online 

in / for months.

3
Lola's been running since she was in college.

Start again
Change
OK

Lola's been running since she was in college.

No change.

4
Carmen hasn't made unhealthy food in a long time.

Start again
Change
OK

Carmen hasn't made unhealthy food in a long time.

No change.

5
Sal and Elena have been skiing for this morning.

Start again
Change
OK

Sal and Elena have been skiing since this morning.

6
Tony's been doing the laundry in over six hours.

Start again
Change
OK

Tony's been doing the laundry for over six hours.

You have a friend who has been taking Spanish lessons. You ask:
AHow long have you been studying Spanish?
BI've been studying Spanish for seven months.
AHow many words have you learned?
BI've learned about 250 words.

You meet a famous baseball player. You ask:

AHow long have you been playing baseball? / How long have you played baseball?
BI've been playing baseball for 18 years. / I've played baseball for 18 years / I've been
playing for 18 years. / I've played for 18 years.
AHow many games have you won this season?
BI've won 12 out of 15 games. / We've won 12 out of 15 games.
Some of my favorite movies are musicals from Bollywood, especially the

romantic comedies. The movies are usually set in India, and the actors

often play characters who fall in love. I really enjoy a good love story. They can

sometimes be tearjerkers, but the nice thing about Bollywood movies is that they often

have happy endings, so you leave the movie theater feeling good. Some of them are also

very funny – the last one I saw was just hilarious. Some of them are historical and take

place in the past. These are my favorites because the colors and the costumes are

wonderful. The movies aren't usually in English, but they're subtitled, so you can read

while you're watching. Sometimes the movies even have fight scenes with lots of special

effects and stunts. They're really great!

nnThere are so many movies that I still haven't seen. Do you want to go see one tonight?

GusYeah, OK. Let's see. How about Brad Pitt's new movie? I haven't seen that yet.

AnnOh, I've already seen that one. It was good. How about the new horror movie that's

out? Have you seen that yet?

GusNo, I don't like scary movies. I'm 25, and I still haven't seen a horror film.

AnnWell, there's a new animated film out. I haven't seen that one yet, either.

GusOh, great. Let's go. I've been dying to see it!

VictorHi, Raoul. What can I do for you?

RaoulI was wondering if I could talk to you for a moment. Is now OK?

VictorNo problem. Come on in.

RaoulThanks. Would it be all right if I worked at home tomorrow?

VictorTomorrow?

RaoulYes. Someone is coming to fix my stove, and I need to be home to let him

in. Would it be OK with you?

VictorYeah, sure. I don't see why not.

RaoulThanks, Victor. I really appreciate it.

DadHi, Josie. What's up?

JosieHey, Dad. I wanted to ask you a favor.
DadSure, what is it?
JosieWell, I was wondering if you could lend me some money – if that's OK.
DadHmm. It depends. How much? And for what?
JosieWell, I was thinking, your birthday is next week, right?
DadYes, it is.
JosieSo, I was wondering, could I borrow fifty dollars to buy you your present?
I was wondering if I could borrow your car to pick Ally up at the airport.

What he does
I was wondering,     with us Saturday?

I was wondering, do you want to go sightseeing with us Saturday?

What he does
Would it be all right if     here Saturday night?

Would it be all right if I organized a party here Saturday night?

What he does
Would it be OK with you if I     check Ally's return flight online?

Would it be OK with you if I used your computer to check Ally's return flight online?

Although / Even though Come Away With Me was amazingly successful and really
introduced Norah Jones to the world, Little Broken Hearts is a much better album. Most of
her earlier work uses a lot of piano, but this album focuses more on the guitar, so the sound
is different. Although / Even though most of these songs are about heartbreak, the music
is beautiful and sweet. Even if you don't like sad romantic songs, you will find something to
admire in this new collection.
– Music Scene magazine
ToddExcuse me. I was wondering if I could talk to you for a second.
PaulaSure. Let me just send this email. All right. So, what can I do for you?
ToddWell, I wanted to ask you a favor, actually.
PaulaOK.
ToddI was wondering, would it be all right with you if I took Friday off?
PaulaThis Friday?
ToddYes. I'm going away for the weekend, and, um, the traffic is always bad on Friday
afternoons. So, I was thinking, if I took the day off, I could get an early start. Would
that be OK with you?
PaulaWell, all right. As long as you finish everything before you go.
ToddOh, thanks. I definitely will.
PaulaOK. So, was that all? All right, well, have a good weekend.

e may be taking a driving test.

She     .

She might be the best student.

She     .
She could be taking a hard test.

They     .

They must be the winners.

They     .

They can't be the winners.

andyWhat's he doing? He must be crazy!

MollyHe might be an acrobat with the circus.
MandyYou're right. He must be practicing for tonight's show.
MollyThat's amazing! I mean, it can't be easy to bend like that.
MandyYeah, it could be painful, too.
MollyWell, I certainly won't try that!

JasonHow old is that kid? She can't be more than five years old.

PeterYeah, you're right. She might be about four or five.

JasonShe's really good. She must play every day for hours and hours.

PeterShe makes it look so easy, too. I wonder what her parents think. They must be so

proud.

JasonYeah, she could be the youngest professional piano player in the world.

He could be playing golf. He's often on the golf course on the weekend.

   

How do you think he's feeling?

He must be feeling pretty good. I heard he just got promoted!

4
   

What do you think he's wearing?

It's pretty cold outside, so he can't be wearing shorts. He might be wearing a

sweater.

   

Who do you think he's with?

He might be with his younger brother. I know he's home for spring break.

   

What do you think he's thinking about right now?

There's a big football game on later. He might be thinking about going home to

watch it.

upset or not pleased: annoyed

 Makes
 you
 feel
 annoyed
 excited:

 c
 e
 g
 i
 i
 n
  t
 x

makes you feel excited: exciting

 Irritating:

 a
 f
 g
 i
 n
 r
 r
 s
 t
 t
 u

irritating: frustrating

 Not
 interesting:

 b
 g
 i
 n
 o
 r


not interesting: boring

 Not
 expected
 or
 normal:

 g
 i
 i
 n
 p
 r
 r
 s
 s
 u

not expected or normal: surprising

 Frightening:

 a
 c
 r
 s
 y

frightening: scary

8
  Worried
 or
 tense:

 a
 i
 n
 o
 s
 u
 x

worried or tense: anxious

If someone gives you a present for no reason, you might be surprised.

If you have nothing to do, you might feel     .

If you have nothing to do, you might feel bored.

When you're very afraid of something, you might feel     .

When you're very afraid of something, you might feel scared.

Someone who learns to speak 6 or 7 languages is truly     .

Someone who learns to speak 6 or 7 languages is truly amazing.

When you're going to do something fun, you are     about it.

When you're going to do something fun, you are excited about it.

7
When you can't remember a word in English, you probably feel     .

When you can't remember a word in English, you probably feel frustrated.

ey Emma,
I'm so excited. Remember the short story I wrote for English class last month? Well, my
teacher sent it to a competition, and guess what? It won first prize! The judges said my
story was very interesting. I knew my teacher was pleased with my work. She said my
story was fascinating. But I never thought she would enter it in a competition! I was
totally shocked when she told me. And all my classmates were totally jealous. What's new
and exciting with you?
Shakira

Hi Shakira,
Congratulations! I wish I had exciting news for you, too, but I don't. Unfortunately, I failed
my driver's test last week. I was really disappointed. It's just so embarrassing – it's the
third time I've failed the test. The driving instructor told me to make a right-hand turn, and I
turned left instead. I guess I got a little confused. I could tell the instructor was
really annoyed with me! My dad told me not to get frustrated. He said he failed his driver's
test five times before he finally passed, but I'm starting to get worried. Well, talk to you
later.
Emma

I would feel disappointed if I failed a test that I thought I was prepared for. It might

be embarrassing if my friends found out.

What he does
I would get     (worry) if a friend didn't show up for a date. I might feel a

What he does
little     (frustrate) if it's someone who's always late.

I would get worried if a friend didn't show up for a date. I might feel a little frustrated if it's

someone who's always late.

What he does
I might feel     (scare) if the lights went out during a thunderstorm. It could

What he does
be     (excite) if there was a lot of lightning, though.

I might feel scared if the lights went out during a thunderstorm. It could be exciting if there

was a lot of lightning, though.

 4

What he does
I might feel     (annoy) if someone told me the same story ten times. I would

What he does
probably think that the person was very     (bore).

I might feel annoyed if someone told me the same story ten times. I would probably think

that the person was very boring.

WaltHi, Reg. I'm sorry I'm late. I didn't hear my alarm. You see, I was working on my report
until about 3:30 this morning.
RegUh-huh, I see. So, will it be ready for the meeting with the boss?
WaltYes. I just have to make some copies. What time is the meeting?
RegWell, it was at 11:00, but the boss called me about half an hour ago, and it's now at
2:30. She's meeting someone for lunch, you see, and she has to leave at 11:30.
WaltOh, I see. So, I guess I didn't have to rush.
RegWell, at least it's all done now, and you can relax.

AkinaHey, Omar. I hear you're going away for a while. Where to?
OmarYeah, I'm leaving for Paris next week.
AkinaYou're kidding! Wow, you must be excited!
OmarI am. I've never been there before. You see, I'm going to do some research for my
next book. That's always the best part – the research.
AkinaI bet. That must be fun. So, what's your book about?
OmarIt's a love story, of course.
AkinaI see. Uh . . . can you share any details yet?
OmarI guess. Hmm . . . let's see. It's about a young girl who goes to visit a friend in Paris.
And well, you know, she meets a mysterious young man, they fall in love, and lots of things
happen.
AkinaReally? What kind of things?
OmarWell, I don't want to say yet. You see, I want to keep the details a surprise.
AkinaI understand. But, gosh, that must be hard. I can never keep secrets.
OmarI know what you mean. It's difficult sometimes.
AkinaSo, tell me what else you're doing in Paris.
OmarOh. I'm going to read from my last novel at an English-language bookstore.
AkinaGreat! You must be pleased about that. Will you be nervous?
OmarNo, not at all. I've done it several times. It's part of the job of being a writer.
AkinaI see. Well, have a wonderful trip. Good luck with your research.
OmarThanks. I'll tell you all about it when I get back.

mental breakdowns

talented; exceptional (paragraph 3)

What he does
 
 gifted

interesting; encouraging you to learn (paragraph 4)

What he does
 

stimulating

 I have a lesson after work.

 DebraSo, how long have you been playing?
 HalOh, a couple of years.
 DebraYou must be getting pretty good by now.
 HalI wish! I haven't made much progress lately.
 DebraHuh. How come?
 HalWell, you see, I used to practice every morning. But then I started this job, and
somehow I can't get myself to practice at night.
 DebraWell, you must be tired after work.
 HalYeah. But you know, I just joined a band.
 DebraThat must be fun.
 HalYeah, it really is, and it keeps me motivated to practice. In fact, that's why I
joined.

 He still hasn't bought a London sweatshirt.

 3send a postcard to Jeannie (yet)

 He hasn't sent a postcard to Jeannie yet.
 4visit the British Museum (still)

 He still hasn't visited the British Museum.
 5X go shopping on Oxford Street (already)

 He's already gone shopping on Oxford Street.
 6take the Eurostar train to Paris (yet)

 He hasn't taken the Eurostar train to Paris yet.

I don't speak Portuguese, so I was glad that movie was subtitled.

3In one scene of that movie, there's an actress wearing a   that looks like it cost a
million dollars.
 In one scene of that movie, there's an actress wearing a costume that looks like it cost a
million dollars.

4In one   , there were around 30 guys just hitting one another with all kinds of stuff. It
was crazy.
In one fight scene, there were around 30 guys just hitting one another with all kinds of
stuff. It was crazy.

5I read somewhere that Harrison Ford likes to do as many of his own   as possible.
I read somewhere that Harrison Ford likes to do as many of his own stunts as possible.

6That movie is incredibly   . There are just so many fights!

That movie is incredibly violent. There are just so many fights!

7The movie   in Brazil. The people live in Rio de Janeiro.

The movie takes place in Brazil. The people live in Rio de Janeiro.

8The   in that movie are amazing. It's incredible how they can do that on a computer!
The special effects in that movie are amazing. It's incredible how they can do that on a
computer!
Um, would it be alright if I left a little earlier today? I have an appointment I need to go to.
3Sorry to disturb you. I 

 to know if I you could work this Friday evening? We're a little short-staffed.
Sorry to disturb you. I wanted to know if I you could work this Friday evening? We're a little
short-staffed.
4I was 

 if I could get someone to look at my computer. There's something wrong with it.
I was wondering if I could get someone to look at my computer. There's something wrong
with it.
5

 it be OK if I took a longer lunch break? I'm working late tonight, so . . .

Would it be OK if I took a longer lunch break? I'm working late tonight, so . . .
6I was 

 about the meeting today. Are we still having one?

I was wondering about the meeting today. Are we still having one?

Although we're not big fans of science fiction, we loved The Matrix.

2
 Think
 her
 loved
 you'll
 last one,
 new video.
 don't
 you
 like
 even
 I
 her
 if

Even if you loved her last one, I don't think you'll like her new video.
3
 Every
 he's
 even
 I
 though
 felt
 Portuguese,
 word.
 I
 like
 singing
 understood
 in

Even though he's singing in Portuguese, I felt like I understood every word.
4
 Action
 enjoy
 the
 prefer
 movies,
 classic Prisoner of Zenda.
 you'll
 if
 even
 you

Even if you prefer action movies, you'll enjoy the classic Prisoner of Zenda.
5
 Was
 too.
 though
 enjoyed it,
 the adults
 movie
 even
 the
 for kids,
 all

Even though the movie was for kids, all the adults enjoyed it, too.
I'm amazed by the result.
2She thought the lecture was fascinating.She was 

 by the lecture.

She was fascinated by the lecture.
3My cousin said it was pretty shocking when she got her grades.My cousin said she
was 

 when she got her grades.

My cousin said she was shocked when she got her grades.
4He thought the ceremony could be a bit boring.He thought he might be 

 by the ceremony.

He thought he might be bored by the ceremony.
5It's embarrassing for her that he doesn't want to date her.She's pretty 

 that he doesn't want to date her.

She's pretty embarrassed that he doesn't want to date her.
6It's really confusing. Every time I call Marco, he just hangs up.I'm really 

 . Every time I call Marco, he hangs up the phone.

I'm really confused. Every time I call Marco, he hangs up the phone.

My sister spilled juice all over her teacher and was really embarrassed.
3
 I'm
 keeps
 frustrated
 freezing
 computer
 my
 because
 up.

I'm frustrated because my computer keeps freezing up.

4
 In
 very
 her
 South American
 interested
 is
 brother
 history.

Her brother is very interested in South American history.

5
 He
 him
 has
 after
 we're
 had.
 all the
 problems
 surprised
 here
 to see

We're surprised to see him here after all the problems he has had.
6
 Can't
 very
 book
 her
 interested
 stop
 in
 and
 it.
 new
 reading
 she's

She's very interested in her new book and can't stop reading it.
 7
 In
 fell
 asleep
 movie
 I
 I
 so
 was
 because
 the
 relaxed.

I fell asleep in the movie because I was so relaxed.

amazing
2

interested
3

nervous
4

excited
5

anxious
6

motivated
7

pleased
exciting
8

amazing
I just started learning guitar.  
BThat must be so hard.

3AWe cycled 20 miles today.   BWow,   tiring.

AWe cycled 20 miles today.   
BWow, that must be tiring.

4AI'm learning English to get into college in Canada.BYou   be so motivated.

AI'm learning English to get into college in Canada.
BYou must be so motivated.

5AI just failed my driving test for the fourth time.  BOh,   must be frustrating.
AI just failed my driving test for the fourth time.  
BOh, that must be frustrating.

6AHey!  I got straight A’s in all my exams. BCongratulations.   must work really

hard.
AHey! I got straight A’s in all my exams. 
BCongratulations. You must work really hard.

7AI just broke up with my girlfriend. BOh I'm sorry.   be feeling upset.
AI just broke up with my girlfriend. 
BOh I'm sorry. You must be feeling upset.

8AI'm taking a course in Spanish literature. BThat must   interesting.

AI'm taking a course in Spanish literature. 
BThat must be interesting.
MannyHi. You must be Ning. I'm Manny.
NingHi. Nice to meet you.
MannySorry if I seem a little anxious. You see, I wasn't really sure about coming here
tonight.
NingReally? Me neither. I was pretty nervous. But I'm glad I came anyway. Are you?
MannyYes. I think I am.
NingI totally understand. You see, my friends really wanted me to meet you, but I don't
usually go out with people I don't know.
MannyI see. It was the same for me. You see, I work backstage at the arena, and all my
friends there have girlfriends. So they want me to meet someone, too.
NingOh, I see. Well, I'm glad they pushed you to come.
MannyMe too. Uh, Beyoncé's playing at the arena tonight. You could come there with me
and tell them yourself . . .
NingYeah. Let me get my coat.

Dear Mr Abreu,
I recently read an article in my English class about the music education program that you
founded, El Sistema. It seems to me that this is a revolutionary approach to helping
children to develop their musical skills and to overcome social deprivation. Your
organization must be incredibly proud of all the things it has achieved. I believe that your
program is a wonderful example of what you can do with determination and hope. It is, in
my view, a program that every country should try to adopt. Thank you for El Sistema.
Sincerely,
 H. A. Driver

Dear Ms Arroyo,
I recently heard a talk by one of your colleagues about the work you do to help young
people from poorer homes get to college. My impression is that high schools and colleges
are not doing enough to help these young people. It seems to me that education must be
very difficult for poorer students because they face academic, social, and economic
obstacles. They badly need extra help, in my opinion, to show them how to make
successful college applications. As a teacher in high school myself, I
often feel that students do not succeed for the wrong reasons, and I am frustrated that I
cannot give my students all the support they need. I believe that your organization is
providing a much needed service to our community.
Thank you.