What Is History?
What Is History?
What Is History?
History originated as a derivation of historia, an ancient Greek term for learning through
inquiry (Hoefferle, 2013). It is usually defined as the study of past events. Merriam
Webster Dictionary denotes that history refers to a chronological record of significant
events such as those affecting a nation or institution, often including an explanation of
their causes. The American Historical Association, on the other hand, currently defines
history as the never-ending process whereby people seek to understand the past and
its many meanings. Therefore, history is not only a mere collection of narratives
compiled or collated by authors, rather history employs a system to organize narratives.
As what the Greek philosopher Readings in Philippine History 3
Aristotle once said, history is a systematic account of a set of natural phenomena. It is
also an investigative work because people aim to satisfy their thirst for truth. History
attempts to know the actions of human beings that were accomplished in the past
(Collingwood, 1976).
In the Philippine setting, the classic definition of history is given by Zeus Salazar, a
notable historian and retired professor of the University of the Philippines. To him,
Kasaysayan, the counterpart of history in the mother tongue, is an essential narrative
with to a group of people that is characterized by uniqueness and identity. This
uniqueness, as opined by Salazar, is largely based on their own language and heritage,
hence ―Ang Kasaysayan ay salaysay na may saysay para sa isang grupo ng tao na
may kakanyahan, identidad na nakasandig sa sariling wika at kalinangan (Sebastian
and Rosales, 2008). Through this definition, Salazar reiterates that the essence of
history depends on whose history is being narrated and who the intended audiences
are.
It is important to note that history is not the past, but rather a glimpse of the past. The
entirety of the past cannot be narrated and included in all of the written histories for the
main reason that not everything which happened in the past were recorded and/or
documented. Therefore, history does not create narration of past events; rather a
recreation of past events based on available materials.