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Residual Weighting Method

The document discusses weighted residual methods for solving differential equations. These methods assume an approximate solution that satisfies the boundary conditions but not exactly the differential equation, leading to residuals or errors. Three residual formulation methods are described: collocation sets the error to zero at specific points; subdomain sets the integral of the error over subintervals to zero; and Galerkin's method sets the integral of the residual multiplied by a weighting function to zero, with the weighting functions in the same form as the approximation. An example problem on determining beam deflection using the Galerkin method is also provided.

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Irine moyo
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62 views9 pages

Residual Weighting Method

The document discusses weighted residual methods for solving differential equations. These methods assume an approximate solution that satisfies the boundary conditions but not exactly the differential equation, leading to residuals or errors. Three residual formulation methods are described: collocation sets the error to zero at specific points; subdomain sets the integral of the error over subintervals to zero; and Galerkin's method sets the integral of the residual multiplied by a weighting function to zero, with the weighting functions in the same form as the approximation. An example problem on determining beam deflection using the Galerkin method is also provided.

Uploaded by

Irine moyo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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WEIGHTED RESIDUAL FORMULATION

The weighted residual methods are based on assuming an approximate solution for the
governing differential equation. The assumed solution must satisfy the initial and boundary
conditions of the given problem. Because the assumed solution is not exact, substitution of the
solution into the differential equation will lead to some residuals or errors. Simply stated, each
residual method requires the error to vanish over some selected intervals or at some points.

Types of residual formulations

 Collocation method
In the collocation method the error, or residual function _ is forced to be zero at as
many points as there are unknown coefficients.

 Subdomain method
In the subdomain method, the integral of the error function over some selected
subintervals is forced to be zero. The number of subintervals chosen must equal the
number of unknown coefficients.

 Galerkin’s method

The Galerkin method requires the integral of the Residual equation, R, multiplied by a weighting
function, Φ, is forced to zero. The weighting functions are chosen to be the same form as each
part of the approximation.

Example 1

The deformation of a simply supported beam under a distributed load, shown in the
accompanying figure, is governed by the relationship

1
a)

b)

a)

2
3
4
b) Galerkin method

5
6
The Galerkin method requires the integral of the Residual equation, R, multiplied by a weighting
function, Φ, is forced to zero. The weighting functions are chosen to be the same form as each
part of the approximation.

7
---------Galerkin Formulation

c) Use the Galerkin formulation to determine the maximum deflection of the beam if a
W27 x 84 (wide flange shape) with a span of L = 22 ft supports a distributed load of w =
6 kips/ft.

Example 2

The deformation of a simply supported beam, shown in the accompanying figure, is governed
by the relationship

8
Mo Mo

L
X

a)

b)

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