The Network

Interface configuration (if

/etc/network/
not controlled via
interfaces
network-manager). Debian Reference Card
Start, stop network Version 11 – Debian 11 ’Bullseye’ – 2021-03-14
if [up][down]
interfaces according to the https://www.debian.org/
device
file above.
Show and manipulate Getting Help
ip network interfaces and Read online help for every
routing, needs iproute2. man page or man
command and many
ssh -X user@host Login at another machine. bash
configuration files.
scp files Copy files to other machine command [--help, Brief help for most
user@host:path (and vice versa). -h] commands.
Find all documentation
/usr/share/ here, optional file
doc/package-name/ README.Debian contains
specifics.
Reference, manuals, FAQs,
Web
HOWTOs, etc. at https:
documentation
//www.debian.org/doc/
Mailing lists at
The community is always
https://lists.
helpful, search for users.
debian.org/
The Wiki at
Contains all kind of useful
https://wiki.
information.
debian.org/

Installation
All information about it at
Installer https://www.debian.org/
devel/debian-installer/
Download from https://
CD images
www.debian.org/distrib/
E.g. to set up the network
boot: expert w/o DHCP or to adapt
bootloader installation.

Bugs
Bug Tracking at
All about existing and fixed
https://bugs.
bugs.
debian.org/
Legal Notice See https://bugs.debian.
This document may be used under the terms of the GNU org/package-name/, use
Package specific
General Public License version 3 or higher. The license wnpp to ask for new
text can be found at https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/ packages.
gpl.html and /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL-3. reportbug Report a bug by e-mail.
Instructions at
Copyright © 2004, 2010 W. Martin Borgert
Reporting https://www.debian.org/
Copyright © 2016, 2019 Holger Wansing
Bugs/Reporting
Made by: https://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#refcard
 Configuration Important Shell Commands APT
All system configuration rmdir dirs Remove empty directories. Like apt upgrade, but with
/etc/ files are under directory Create (c), extract (x), list apt full-upgrade advanced conflict
tar [c][x][t][z][j][J]
/etc/. table of (t) archive file, z for resolution.
-f file.tar [files]
Default text editor. May be .gz, j for .bz2, J for .xz. apt remove
editor files Remove packages.
nano, emacs, vi, joe. find directories Find files like -name name package-names
CUPS at http: Browser interface to expressions or -size +1000, etc. Remove packages that no
apt autoremove
//hostname:631 printing system. grep other packages depend on.
Reconfigure a package, e.g. search-string Find search-string in files. apt depends List all packages needed by
dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration files package-name the one given.
package-name (keyboard), locales Create a symbolic link to a apt rdepends List all packages that need
ln -s file link
(localization). file. package-name the one given.
update- ps [options] Show current processes. Update content listings
Manage command
alternatives Send signal to process (e.g. apt-file update from package repositories,
alternatives.
options kill [-9] PID terminate it). Use ps for see apt update.
After changing PID. apt-file search
update-grub Search packages for file.
/etc/default/grub. Become another user, e.g. file-name
su - [username]
root. apt-file list
List contents of a package.
Execute a command as root package-name
Daemons and System sudo command as normal user, see Console interface to APT,
aptitude
systemctl /etc/sudoers. needs aptitude.
Restart a service, system Overwrite file with output of GUI interface to APT, needs
restart command > file synaptic
daemon. command. synaptic.
name.service
systemctl stop Stop a service, system Append output of command
command >> file
name.service daemon. to file.
systemctl start Start a service, system Use output of command 1 as Dpkg
cmd1 | cmd2
name.service daemon. input of command 2. dpkg -l [names] List packages.
systemctl halt Halts system. Use file as input for dpkg -I pkg.deb Show package information.
command < file
systemctl reboot Reboots system. command. dpkg -c pkg.deb List contents of package file.
systemctl poweroff Shuts down system. Show which package a file
dpkg -S filename
systemctl suspend Suspends system. belongs to.
systemctl APT dpkg -i pkg.deb Install package files.
Hibernates system.
hibernate Update packages listings dpkg -V Audit check sums of
All log files are under this from package repositories [package-names] installed packages.
/var/log/
directory. as listed in dpkg-divert Override a package’s
Default values for many apt update /etc/apt/sources.list. [options] file version of a file.
/etc/default/
daemons and services. Required whenever that file dpkg
Compare version numbers;
or the contents of the --compare-versions
view results with echo $?.
repositories change. v1 gt v2
Important Shell Commands Search packages and Query installed packages,
apt search dpkg-query -W     
cat files Print files to screen. descriptions for format e.g. ’${Package}
search-string --showformat=
cd directory Change to directory. search-string. ${Version}
format
cp files dest Copy files and directories. apt list -a Show versions and archive ${Installed-Size}\n’.
echo string Echo string to screen. package-name areas of available packages. dpkg
Write package selections to
gzip, bzip2, xz [-d] apt show -a Show package information --get-selections
Compress, uncompress files. file.
files package-name incl. description. > file
pager files Show contents of files. Install packages from dpkg
apt install Set package selections from
ls [files] List files. repositories with all --set-selections
package-names file.
mkdir dependencies. < file
Create directories. Install newest versions of all
directory-names
mv file1 file2 Move, rename files. apt upgrade packages currently
rm files Remove files. installed.