His Majesty Sultan Qaboos Bin Said

Sultan of Oman
 Sultanate of Oman
SULTANATE OF OMAN
52°E 54°E 56° E 58°E 60° E

Strait of Hormuz ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

Khasab
Bukha
26° N

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26° N
Daba
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ARABIAN GULF

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Madha
(Sultanate of Oman)

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SEA OF OMAN
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Al Buraymi
Saham
24° N

24° N
Al Khaburah
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As Suwayq Juzor Ad Dimaniyyat
Muscat International Airport
! Al Musanaah
! Barka As Seeb Al Sultan Qaboos Port
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! Dank ! Wadi !
MUSCAT
As Sunaynah ! Al Maawil ! !
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! Al Amrat
! Nakhal ! ! Bidbid !
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Al Hamra Dama Wa
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! At Taiyyin
Bahla ! Nizwa Izki
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Manah !
Ibra ! Wadi Bani
Khalid Sur
! Al Qabil ! ! !
Al Mudaybi
Adam Bidiyyah !
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Al Kamil Wa Al Wafi !
22° N

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Jaalan Bani Bu Hasan !
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Jaalan Bani Bu Ali

KINGDOM
OF SAUDI ARABIA

Muhut
! Masirah
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20° N

20° N

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Hayma
Ad Duqm Port
Muqshin
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Ad Duqm ! (
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Ad Duqm Airport

Al Jazir
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ARABIAN SEA
18° N
18° N

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Shalim Wa Juzur
Al Hallaniyyat
! Produced by National Survey Authority, MOD, Sultanate of Oman, 2019.
Al Mazyunah
Copyright © National Survey Authority, MOD, Sultanate of Oman, 2019.
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Thumrayt Juzor Al Hallaniyyat This map is not an authority on International Boundaries.
Capital .......... .
! Metalled road ......
Habarut
Wilayat .......... !
Graded road ..........
Salalah
Port ................
( Int. Boundary ........
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REPUBLIC ! !
Airport ..........
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OF YEMEN !
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Salalah Airport Mirbat
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! Rakhyut
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52° E 54° E 56° E 58° E

 1

Message from the

Minister of Education
Praise be to Allah and peace be upon His Messenger, Mohammed

The Ministry of Education is committed to the ongoing improvement of

the Sultanate’s education system. It aims to meet the needs of an ever-
growing and evolving nation.

Following careful review and assessment of the current educational

system, the Ministry has taken measures to overcome challenges
and revise priorities in order to bring about increased development.
Educational objectives have been developed further, with study
plans now focusing more on science and language. In addition, there
has been a major overhaul across the different curricula, in terms
of methodology and teaching strategy with an emphasis on a more
learner-focused approach.

With new, modern and flexible courses, the features of the new
curricula are plentiful, designed to assist the individual student’s
academic progress as well as supporting them on mental,
psychological, social and cultural levels. There is also a greater
emphasis on creativity and 21st Century skills in response to the
Sultanate’s educational philosophy of encouraging the development of
more balanced personalities in students. Furthermore, these textbooks
reinforce valuable learning skills, be it on an individual basis or working
in collaboration with others. As such – with all the knowledge, skills and
values they contain – they are only guides for the student, leading the
way to a greater range of knowledge sources including libraries and
online learning. The student’s role therefore is to take the initiative and
responsibility of exploring more deeply in their quest for knowledge.

Finally, dear students, we would like to hand this book to you in the
hope that you will find it both interesting and useful, whilst enabling us
all to contribute to the success of our beloved country – the Sultanate
of Oman – as led by the inspiration and wisdom of
His Majesty, Sultan Qaboos Bin Said.

I wish you every success.

Dr. Madiha Ahmed Al-Shaibani

Minister of Education
Sultanate of Oman
 1

Note from the

Writing Committee

Dear Students,

Welcome to Grade 10 and the English for Me textbook for Semester B.

As you will see, there are four units in your Classbook and Skills Book.
Each unit is about a different topic, and consists of fifteen lessons
all related to that topic. Each lesson in the unit has a different main
language focus. These are Reading and Understanding; Grammar and
Vocabulary; Listening and Speaking; Writing; a Project and a Review
section.

In addition to the Classbook and Skills Book, you will need an exercise
book to make notes and write down answers to some of the activities
in the Classbook.

Remember to look after your Classbook.

Thank you.
Sultanate of Oman
Ministry of Education

© Ministry of Education 2020

All rights reserved for the Omani Ministry of Education. No part of this
publication may be translated, reproduced, stored in retrieval systems
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise for commercial purposes, without
the prior permission in writing of the Ministry.

First published in 2007

Second Edition 2020

h
 1

Contents

Learning Outcomes for Grade 10B page ii

1 Stories page 2

2 Healthy Lifestyle page 14

3 The Future of Transport page 26

4 Entrepreneurship page 38

i
Learning Outcomes for Grade 10B

1 Stories
In this unit you will
 Read and understand a variety of stories
 Listen to and understand a variety of stories
 Form and use past tenses in narrative writing
 Recognise synonyms, similes and metaphors and
understand their meaning.
 Tell a story based on picture prompts
 Use different story telling techniques.
 Plan and write a story
 Self and peer-edit written work
 Work in a team to convert a story into a comic strip
 Reflect on your learning

2 Healthy Lifestyle
In this unit you will
 Read and understand advice, factual and non-linear text
 Listen to and understand an interview and a dialogue
 Form and use Yes/No questions and Wh-Questions
 Do a survey
 Describe symptoms when feeling unwell.
 Use appropriate language to ask for and give advice
 Talk about healthy lifestyles and well-being
 Plan and write a report based on a survey
 Self and peer-edit writing work
 Reflect on your learning

ii
 1

3 The Future of Transport

In this unit you will
 Read and understand articles and factual texts about the future of transport
 Listen to a variety of listening text, including dialogues and conversations
 Use future tenses and modal verbs to make predictions about the future
 Recognise idioms and understand their usage.
 Discuss opinions and evaluate advantage and disadvantages
 Talk about the future of transport
 Plan and write an opinion essay (advantages and disadvantages)
 Self and peer-edit written work
 Work in a team to research and present a new means of transport.
 Reflect on your learning

4 Entrepreneurship
In this unit you will
 Talk about entrepreneurship
 Learn about Omani entrepreneurs
 Read and understand texts about entrepreneurs and business
 Use indefinite pronouns to refer to people, places and things
 Use compound adjectives
 Listen to and understand texts about entrepreneurship
 Use appropriate language to persuade people
 Plan and write an application request
 Self and peer-edit written work
 Plan and present a business pitch
 Reflect on your learning

1
Reading and Understanding

1
Overview

1 Read and sort.

Read the categories and the words below.

Sort the words into categories 1-4. Think
of one more word to add to each category.

1
Type of story
2
animals forest mystery Sinbad 3
Parts of a story
middle comedy people fable city Characters
ocean end beginning monster

4
Setting

2 Find and match. a

Look at pictures a-d below.

Look through the Classbook and find
the name of the story that matches each
picture.

d
c

2
 1

Stories
Stories

S t o r i e s
Stories have been an important part of
human culture for thousands of years.
Storytelling has been passed down
through poems, songs, dances and
writing from all cultures and languages
in order to educate and entertain us.
3 Read and discuss. There are many different types of story
genres, including legend, adventure
1 Read the text and discuss the and stories with morals. All stories
questions. have several things in common. Firstly,
1 Which different ways of telling a
story are mentioned in the text?
every story needs a setting - this is
2 What three features do all stories where the story takes place. Secondly
have in common? all stories have characters – these
3 What is your favourite story genre?
are the people or animals in the story.
Why do you like it?
Finally every story needs a plot. A plot
2 Look at the vocabulary in bold.
Discuss the meanings of these words. means the events in a story, starting
with the beginning, reaching the climax
or most exciting part and ending with a
resolution.

3
Reading and Understanding

1 Discuss. How the Bear Lost its Tail

Many years ago, Bear had a long, black tail. He was very proud of his
Read the titles of the story shiny tail and he used to wave it around so that the other animals could
on this page and the story on admire it. One day, Fox saw Bear waving his tail around and he decided
page 5. to play a trick on him. It was winter. The wind was blowing hard, snow
Make some predictions about was falling and ice covered the lake. Fox walked onto a frozen lake and
what happens in each story. made a hole in the ice. Soon, Bear walked past and he saw Fox sitting
Use the pictures to help you. on the ice. While Bear was watching, Fox put his tail in the hole and
pulled out a huge fish.

2 Read and answer.

“Greetings,” said Bear, looking at the fat fish next to Fox. “What are
you doing?”
“I’m fishing,” answered Fox. “This is the best way to fish. Would you
Read the stories. like to try?”
Answer the questions below. “Oh, yes,” said Bear.
Fox deliberately took Bear to a place which didn’t have any fish. He
How the Bear Lost its Tail
cut a new hole in the ice and said, “Now, turn your back to the hole
1 How did Fox catch a fish? and place your tail inside it. Soon a fish will come and you can pull him
2 What happened to Bear’s out.”
tail? “But how will I know if a fish has grabbed my tail if my back is
3 Why do you think Fox turned?” asked Bear.
wanted to trick Bear? “I will hide and watch”, said Fox. When I see a fish pull your tail, I’ll
shout and you must quickly pull your tail out of the water. But do
Space Waste! not move until I tell you.”
4 Why did the leaders and Bear said, “I will do exactly as you say.”
officials meet? He sat down next to the hole and placed his long, beautiful black tail in
5 What did the scientist the icy water. While Bear was patiently waiting, Fox crept quietly back
suggest? to his own house and curled up in his warm bed.
6 What happened to Earth? The next morning Fox went back to the lake. When he arrived, Bear
7 What do you think would was still waiting for Fox to tell him to pull his tail out of the lake. Fox
have been a better solution crept very close to Bear’s ear, took a deep breath, and shouted: “Now,
for the waste? Bear!”
Quickly, Bear jumped up and pulled his long tail out of the hole. In the
Learning night, the hole had frozen around his tail and his tail broke off! Bear
Strategy turned around to look at the fish he had caught and instead saw his
Identifying key words in the long, lovely tail in the ice.
questions will help you find So that is the tale of why all bears have short tails and hate foxes.
information faster in a text.

4
 Stories 1

Space Waste! People are buying more things, but

where do the old televisions, cars and
air conditioners go? This story from Britain encourages people to think about waste.

3 Write. Direct speech

Rewrite the sentences from How the Bear Bear said, ‘I will do exactly as you say.’
Lost its Tail and change them from direct

speech to reported speech.
Use the information about Reported
Reported speech
Speech to help you.
Bear said that he would do exactly as
the fox said.’
1 “I’m fishing,” said Fox.
In reported speech, when we use the
2 “I will hide and watch,” said Fox.
verbs said and asked, we remove the
3 “But how will I know if a fish has speech marks, use ‘that’, change the
grabbed my tail if my back is turned?” pronouns, and change the present tense
asked Bear. to the past tense.

I think
Space
has a Waste
moral,
Work in groups to discuss the following
4
it teac becaus
Discuss. he e
buy les s people to points about each story.
s and
more. recycle

n The moral of each story.

n The character you liked the most and why.
n The story you enjoyed the most and why.

5
Grammar and Vocabulary

G r amma r F o c u s Past Tenses for Storytelling

Past Simple We use the past simple for something that:

n happened in the past e.g. The train stopped in a dark tunnel.
n was true for some time in the past e.g. Long ago, Bear had a long black tail.

Past Continuous We use the past continuous to describe:

n an action that continued for some time in the past
e.g. The wind was blowing, snow was falling and ice covered the lake.
n a longer action that happened before and after a shorter action
e.g. While Bear was waiting, Fox crept back to his house.

Past Perfect n We use the past perfect for an action that happened in the past before
another action in the past
e.g. The hole had frozen around his tail and his tail broke off.

1 Read and answer.

Read the traditional Arab story The Farmer without a Brain.

Think of a suitable verb to complete each gap.
Write the verb in the correct form past simple or past continuous to complete the gap.

The Farmer without a Brain

Many years ago, two farmers, Imran and Laith, (1) ………………………
through a wood to their fields when they (2) ……………… the footprints of
a lion on the path.
“Look, there are lions nearby. We should go home,” whispered Imran.
“No, we’ve got work to do,” Laith replied.
The men (3) … … … … … … to the farm. They worked all day in the fields
until it was time to return home.
“Let’s take a different way home,” suggested Imran.
“No. The same path is much shorter,” answered Laith. Imran shook his head
and stepped onto the mountain path. As he (4) …………… away,
he (5) … … … … … … to Laith and shouted, “Well I’m not going that way.
I don’t want to be a lion’s dinner!”
Meanwhile, Laith (6) … … … … …… the same way back through the wood.
Soon, he (7) … … … … … the lion who was waiting for him on the path.
The lion (8) … … … … … … , “I need to eat your brain to make me clever and powerful!”
While the lion (9) … … … … … … , Laith (10) ……………… Imran on the mountain path.
Then, he looked at the lion and replied, “Listen, I cannot help you because
I have no brain. If I had a brain I wouldn’t have returned this way. The one with
a brain is up on the other path.”
“Thank you,” said the lion, and started to climb the mountain towards Imran.
Quickly, Laith whistled to his friend and warned him about the lion.
Imran heard the whistle and ran home safely.
Adapted from: Arab Folktales by Helen Thomson, Collins, (1990)

6
 Stories 1

Synonyms, Similes and Metaphors

To write interesting stories, writers often use synonyms, similes and metaphors.

n A synonym is a word or phrase that has a similar meaning to another word or phrase.

e.g. old, ancient, antique, aged – all of these words mean ‘not new’.

Using synonyms in a story makes it more interesting.

n A simile is an expression that compares two things with similar characteristics using as or like.
e.g. The thunder roared like an angry lion. She was as quiet as a mouse.

n A metaphor is an expression that describes something by comparing it to something else

with similar characteristics. Metaphors are often not literal and you may need to think about
them to understand.
e.g. He has a heart of gold – a person cannot really have a heart made of gold, so this is not
literal. It means the person has a good heart and is kind.

Similes and metaphors create rich descriptions.

Read the story extracts below.

2 Read and find. In each extract, find a word with the same
meaning as the word in bold.

2
I followed the instructions carefully
and switched on the machine.
Suddenly, it made a loud noise and
exploded. There was something
wrong with the device.
1
We entered the dark forest
3
nervously. It was so gloomy His grandmother looked over her
that we couldn’t see beyond glasses and asked him to bring in
our own hands! the bags. Then she asked him to
fetch more wood for the fire.

Read the sentences below and choose the correct option,

3 Read and complete. a or b, to complete each sentence.

1 People say (a) fierce / (b) violent video games have a negative Learning
effect on teenagers. Strategy

2 Reem will (a) travel / (b) commute to France in the

Some synonyms cannot be used
summer. interchangeably. For example, we can
say ‘an old woman’ but cannot say
3 The ice on the lake was too (a) slim / (b) thin to walk on.
‘an antique woman’. Therefore, it is
4 At the end of the story, the police caught the (a) wrong / important to learn both the meaning
(b) incorrect person. of words and the contexts in which
they can be used.
5 He yawned and said, ‘Let’s go (a) house / (b) home.’

7
Listening and Speaking

Look at the phrases for beginning and ending stories below.

1 Discuss and sort. Work in pairs. Discuss which phrases are used to begin stories
and which are used to finish stories.

Once upon a time, … Before you were born …

And they lived happily ever after. And they never did that again.
They walked off into the setting sun. Once, in a land far, far away …
Many years ago, … That’s the reason why …
When we were young, … This tale is about a man/woman
who …

Listen to A Little Knowledge is Dangerous, a Kikuyu story

2 Listen and order. from Kenya.
Put phrases a-g in the same order as they appear in the story.

a Why not teach? Because of the money.

b Who put these things here? We three.
c Three men go to school.
d Men put in prison.
e Walking home. Find a dead man.
f Policeman asks questions: Who? What?
Why?
g What did you use to sharpen the
pencils? A knife.

Listen to the story, A Little Knowledge is Dangerous again.

3 Listen and tick. This time, pay attention to how the storyteller tells the story.
As you listen, identify the storytelling techniques that the
storyteller uses.

The storyteller …

1 spoke at the same speed from start to finish

2 spoke loudly and softly
3 used different voices for different characters
4 always pronounced words clearly
Learning
Strategy 5 used his voice to express different emotions
How you tell a story is as
6 reacted to the audience
important as the story itself.
If you do not tell the story in an interesting way, 7 paused at dramatic moments in the story
the people listening will feel bored. There are
different storytelling techniques you can use to
make your story entertaining.

8
 Stories 1

Work in groups.
4 Discuss. Discuss the questions about the storytelling
techniques from Activity 3.

1 2 3
In your opinion, what Which storytelling Which storytelling
is the most important technique do you think is technique are you
storytelling technique for the easiest to do? Which good at?
communicating meaning? is the most challenging?

5
Practise saying the extracts from the story,
Practise. ‘The Farmer without a Brain’ in different ways.

1 Read the first line of the story

n quickly n slowly
n ina loud voice n in a quiet voice

Many years ago, two farmers, Imran

and Laith, were walking through a
wood to their fields when they saw
the footprints of a lion on the path.

2 Read this line from the story – use a different

voice for Imran and say it in a whisper

“Look, there are lions nearby. We should go

home,” whispered Imran.

3 Read this line from the story

– use a different voice for Laith and 4 Read this line from the story
try to sound n angrily n with fear
n annoyed n scared n impatient n in a loud voice n in a quiet voice

“No, we’ve got work to do,” Laith replied. “Well I’m not going that way. I don’t want to
be a lion’s dinner!”

Choose one story from this unit.

6 Perform. Practise telling the story using the storytelling techniques from
Activity 3.
You can read the story directly or retell it in your own words.
You will perform your story for your group.

9
Writing

The pictures below are from the story The Kraken.

1 Discuss. Look at the pictures and discuss questions 1-5.
Note: The pictures are not in the correct order.

1 Where does the story take place?

2 Who are the main characters? a b
3 What do you think happens to the
characters?
4 What is the most important event in
the story?
5 What do you think happened at the
end of the story?

c d e

f g h i

2 Read and order.

Read the story The Kraken on page 11.
Put the pictures a-i from Activity 1 into the correct order.

Read The Kraken again.

3 Write. Copy the diagram into your exercise book.
Write a summary for each stage of the story onto the diagram.

Climax

Rising Falling
Action Action

The beginning Resolution

10
 Stories 1

1
The Kraken
The year was 1752. Captain Sven and his men set sail on board the ship ‘Horizon’ on a cold December day.
Everyone knew that when you sailed with Captain Sven, you always returned with a boat full of fish. But
today was different.
2 The Horizon had sailed far out to sea when, without warning, the wind died. The crew began to feel anxious
and gloomy about being stranded at sea. They sat around a warm fire while Captain Sven told stories about
pirates, but the icy fingers of the wind still chilled their bones.

3 Suddenly, one of the sailors turned as white as a ghost. He pointed with a trembling finger. The sea was
dancing. Captain Sven saw what looked like a massive island surrounded by fish. But the island was
moving! It came closer and closer to the ship.

4 Realising the danger, Captain Sven ordered his crew to light as many torches as they could from the fire.
For a moment the dancing stopped and there was only silence. Then the sea exploded! There was a huge
cracking noise as something hit the ship.

5 A colossal tentacle appeared. Captain Sven knew at once that this

creature was the Kraken, a terrifying sea monster! A massive
tentacle smashed the deck of the ship. More and more
tentacles appeared as the Kraken tried to drag the ship
into the depths of the ocean.

6 The crew fought bravely. They scorched the creature’s

tentacles with their torches. The creature roared with
pain. Its breath smelled like rotten fish and death.
Then, as unexpectedly as it had appeared, the Kraken
disappeared back into the depths of the ocean.
All that remained were the fish that had been
swimming around it.
7 The crew threw their nets into
the sea and caught more
fish than they had ever
seen. As if that was not
enough good fortune
for one day, the wind
picked up and they
sailed back to their
homes and
families.

4 Language review.
Two me
taphors Three synonyms for
the word ‘big’
Read ‘The Kraken’ one more
Two sim
time and find the following iles
items in the story.

11
Project

Majid created a comic strip called A Whisper from a Wolf.

1 Discuss. Read the comic strip and answer the questions below.

1 Who are the characters in the story?

2 What is the setting of the story?
3 What happens during the climax of the story?
4 What is the message of the story?
5 Did the wolf really whisper to Said?
6 Do you like this comic strip? Why? Why not?

A Hamood and Said were Suddenly, the friends hear

Whisper
walking through a dark a rustling noise...
and gloomy forest.

from a
Wolf We shouldn’t walk
in the forest at
night.
Are you scared?
What was
that noise?

A huge, black wolf with The friends looked for a Hamood climbed a tree
teeth as sharp as knives way to escape. and left his friend, Said.
appeared.

Run! Let’s climb

this tree!
I don’t know
Look out! how to climb!

Said remembered that Said stayed as still as stone

wolves do not like dead as the wolf sniffed his
things. He laid down and head. Then the wolf walked
held his breath. away.
What did the He told
wolf whisper me to keep
to you? away from
friends like
you!

12
 Stories 1

Listen to Majid talking about how he created his comic strip.

2 Listen and answer. Choose the correct option, a or b, to complete each sentence.

1 The first step in creating a comic strip is thinking about the (a) setting / (b) plot
of the story.

2 Comic strips are made up of (a) panels / (b) events which are sections that
contain one illustration.

3 A Whisper from a Wolf has (a) one / (b) eight panels.

4 Panels in a comic strip contain illustrations, descriptions of events and

(a) speech bubbles / (b) reported speech.

5 Comic strips have (a) fewer / (b) more words than other types of stories.

You are going to work in groups to create a comic strip.

3 Plan. Your comic strip story can be about any topic, but it must include
the four elements below.
Look at the elements and then answer the questions to help you
plan your comic strip.

A Setting A Clear Plot These words/ A simile or

(Describe the setting
With a beginning, phrases metaphor
a rising action, Escape (To describe a
in one panel)
a climax, a falling Run! character, setting or
action and Look out! feeling)
a resolution

1 What kind of story will your comic strip be about?

2 Who are the characters in your comic strip?
3 What are the main events in your plot?
4 How will you create the illustrations?
5 How many panels will your comic strip have?

4 Do a project.
Before you create your comic
strip, plan the illustrations, text
and speech bubbles for each panel.
Then create your comic strip.

13
Reading and Understanding

2
Overview

1 Discuss and sort. Sort the pictures into two categories, healthy and unhealthy.

1 2

5 6

7
8

Read the three descriptions of a healthy lifestyle.

2 Read and Listen. Which one do you think is most suitable?
Listen and check your answer.

A healthy lifestyle means:

1 eating healthy food.

2 doing things to look after your physical and
mental health.
3 never doing anything unhealthy.

14
 Healthy Lifestyle 2

Healthy Lifestyle

A healthy lifestyle involves several

things. It is important to have a balanced
3 Read and discuss. diet, which means eating a healthy
mixture of different foods so that your
1 Read the text and discuss the
body gets the energy and nutrients it
questions.
1 Name two activities which are needs. It is also important to exercise
important for a healthy lifestyle. regularly and get enough sleep. We
2 What does a ‘balanced diet’ mean?
should avoid harmful habits like
3 According to the text, which habits
are harmful to our health?
smoking, eating too much junk food
or spending too much time sitting
2 Look at the vocabulary in bold.
Discuss the meanings of these words. down. It is also really important to
relax and look after our mental health.
Our lives are very busy but we need
4 Discuss. to make time for activities that we
enjoy and spend time with family and
Discuss the question with a partner. friends. When we do not do these
How healthy do you think things, we may get sick or feel unwell.
your lifestyle is?

15
Reading and Understanding

1 Discuss.
Look at the six habits for a healthy lifestyle below.
Order them from most to least important and say why.

avoiding
eating a healthy, bad habits like
getting enough sleep balanced diet smoking
managing stress
being active
and exercising drinking enough
regularly water

Read the text about Healthy Living for Teens on page 17.
2 Read and answer. Find the numbers in the boxes below in the text and the
information they relate to.

11 minutes 7 to 9 hours 1 in 5 teenagers 30,000 kg 60,000 – 70,000

Read the text on page 17 again.

3 Read and complete. Complete the sentences in your exercise book.

1 Teenagers need ………………………… sleep than adults.

2 Teenagers around the world are not getting enough ……………………… .

3 Teenagers who are overweight have a greater risk of ………………………

like diabetes or cancer.

4 ………………………… can cause headaches and affect your mood.

5 You can reduce stress by ………………………………………… .

4 Read and match.

Look at the underlined words in the text on page 17.
Match the words to definitions 1-6 below.

1 an illness or sickness
2 worry caused by a difficult situation
3 things you do often
4 when the water in your body drops below its normal level
5 the amount a person weighs
6 the way you feel at a particular time

16
 Healthy Lifestyle 2

Benefits of exercise include: Did you know?

n Healthy weight
Adults need 7 to 9 hours of
n Healthy heart
Eat
sleep per night but teenagers
n Better sleep
need 8 to 10 hours.
n More energy
Fact 1: In your lifetime you will eat
n Better mood
about 30,000kg of food.
n Reduced stress
Fact 2: Globally about 1 in 6 teenagers is
dangerously overweight.
It’s important that teenagers eat a healthy, balanced Sleep
diet to give them the nutrients and energy they need.
Move
Lack of sleep can
Your diet should include plenty of fruit and
negatively affect your:
vegetables. Try to avoid food with a lot of fat or
Did you know? n Health
sugar.
Adults should aim to be n Appearance
Being overweight increases your risk of getting a
active for 30 minutes, n School work and grades
serious disease like diabetes or cancer.
5 times a week. n Mood and energy levels
Teenagers should aim n Weight
to be active for
Sleep Tips
60 minutes every day.
Go to bed at the
Globally only 1 in 5 same time every day
teenagers get enough 
exercise. Try to relax before
going to bed
Lack of exercise 
now causes as Avoid looking
many deaths at screens
as smoking! before
sleeping
Fact: ody
b
uman
The h 0-65%
is 5 r!
wate

Relax
Drink Teen stress around the world is
increasing.
Did you know?
Avoid! Causes of teenage stress include
Our bodies cannot function properly
Fact: academic stress, worrying about the
if we do not drink enough water.
Smoking one cigarette shortens future and social media.
Dehydration can affect our brain, your life by 11 minutes Exercising, getting enough sleep
memory and our mood.
Unhealthy habits such as smoking, and relaxation techniques can help
It can also cause headaches.
eating too much junk food and reduce stress.
20% of our water comes from food. sugar or spending too much time It is important to talk to somebody
Foods like watermelon, broccoli and looking at screens can have a you trust if you feel overwhelmed.
tomatoes are more than 90% water. negative impact on our physical and
mental health. Did you know?
Drink 8 -10 glasses
of water per day. Avoiding these habits will help you Experts estimate we have 60,000
feel better today and help you stay to 70,000 thoughts per day!
healthy in the future.
Source: www.who.int

Discuss the questions with a partner.

5 Discuss.
1 Which information in the text did you find most interesting and why?
2 Do you think you get enough sleep and exercise?
3 Do you ever feel stressed? Why?
4 What changes could you make to have a healthier lifestyle?

17
Grammar and Vocabulary

1 Work in groups and answer the questions in the quiz.

1 Do a quiz. Swap your answers with another group. Listen to the answers

Quiz!
and calculate their score.

1 What is the heaviest part of the human body?

2 What causes dehydration?
3 Can humans breathe and swallow at the same time?
4 What is the average speed of a sneeze? (km/hour)
5 Which part of the human body contains 25% of our bones?
6 Do right-handed people live longer than left-handed people?
7 Is lack of exercise as dangerous as smoking?
8 How many hours of sleep per night do Grade 10 students need?

2 What do you notice about the answers to questions 3, 6 and 7?

What do you notice about the other answers?

G r amma r F o c u s Forming Questions

There are two main types of questions

Yes / No Questions Wh- Questions

These questions can be answered with These questions begin with a Wh- question
either Yes or No. word, such as what, when, where, who,
For example: why.
The answer cannot be Yes or No.
n Are you going to school?
For example:
n Can I help you?
n Have you got a pen? n What are you doing?
n Do you like pizza? n When are we going home?
n Who is he?
These questions are usually formed like this:
n Why didn’t you do your homework?
auxiliary verb + subject + main verb

Auxiliary verbs are be, do and have but we These questions are usually formed like this:
can also use modal auxiliaries can, could,
Wh word + auxiliary verb + subject +
should, shall, will and would.
main verb
Note: It is also possible to form questions
using the verb be without another verb,
e.g. Is it hot? Are you okay?

18
 Healthy Lifestyle 2

Discuss the questions below with a partner.

2 Discuss.
1 When was the last time you were sick? What was the problem?
2 What did you do to get better?

3 Read and match. Label the pictures using the words in the box.

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

a sore throat a cough dizzy a headache

a runny nose a stomach ache a fever/ high temperature sick

4 Play a game. Read the instructions below and play the game What’s Wrong?

What’s Wrong? n Work in pairs.

n Student A, ask Student B ‘What’s
Wrong?’
n Student B you cannot talk. Mime your
symptoms to your partner.
n Student A, find out what is wrong with
your partner by asking questions, e.g.
Do you have a headache?
n Student B, you can answer Yes or No.
n When you have identified what is
wrong with your partner, change roles
and play again.

19
Listening and Speaking

Look at the sentences below.

1 Discuss. Decide if a doctor or a patient would say each sentence.
Write D for doctor and P for patient.

1 I fell over.
2 Breathe in.

3 How often do I
take them?

4 Where does it
hurt?

5 I feel sick.

It started 7 When should I

6 come back?
yesterday.

8 Take a seat.

9 It’s my arm.
10 What’s the
problem?

Listen to three conversations between a doctor and her patients.

2 Listen and answer. In each conversation, identify the patient’s problem and the
doctor’s advice.
Note: There may be more than one problem or piece of advice for
each patient.

1 2 3

Yasir Reem Younis

Problem Problem Problem

a fever a back pain a stress
b sore throat b headache b cough
c runny nose c dizziness c stomach ache

Advice Advice Advice

d sleep d rest d sleep more
e medicine for a cold e see a specialist e exercise
f take a day off f painkillers f take medicine

20
 Healthy Lifestyle 2

3 Discuss. Look at the chart and discuss what it shows.

Survey results:
7% Average number of hours Grade 10
students sleep per night.
20%
n Less than 7 hours

73%
n 7 to 9 hours

n More than 9 hours

4 Listen and complete. 1 Khalifa is asking his

classmates about their
sleep habits.
Listen and complete the
questions in the survey
on page 42 of the
Skills Book.

2 Listen again and complete

the answers from Khalifa’s
friend, Ahmed.

1 Copy the questions from the survey into your exercise book.
Listen to the intonation in each question.
5 Pronunciation. Draw an arrow to show whether the intonation rises or falls at
the end of the question.

Example: What time do you go to bed?

1 How many hours of sleep do you usually get? 2 Do you feel tired when you wake up?

3 What stops you from sleeping well? 4 Do you think you get enough sleep?

2 Copy and complete the sentences below.

In Yes/No questions the intonation at the end of the question.

In Wh- questions, the intonation at the end of the question.

21
Writing

Khalifa has written a report about the results of his sleep

1 Read and write. habits survey.
Read the survey and think of a title for his report.

Re p ort
Background information

Sleep is very important. Sleep helps

us concentrate at school. It also
helps us feel happy and maintain a
healthy weight. Adults need seven
to nine hours of sleep per night. But
teenagers need eight to ten hours
of sleep.

I did a survey to learn about the sleep

habits of my Grade 10 classmates.
Survey

The survey had five multiple choice

questions and I asked 15 students. I
will discuss the main findings below.

The main finding is that my classmates do not get enough sleep. Only
one person gets more than 9 hours sleep. Most of my classmates get less
Main findings

than 7 hours sleep. This is less than the 8 to 10 hours recommended for
teenagers. Only two people said that they do not feel tired when they wake
up. Seven of my classmates do not go to bed until after 11pm. Based on
the survey results, I think the main reason that people do not get enough
sleep is because they go to bed quite late.
Conclusion

In conclusion, I think my classmates could improve their sleep habits. I

recommend that they go to bed earlier so that they can get between 8 and
10 hours sleep a night.

22
 Healthy Lifestyle 2

Read the information about the contents of the report from

2 Read and match. Activity 1.
Complete each sentence with a sub-heading from the report.

1 The section discusses the most important findings

from the survey. Not all of the questions and results have been
included.

2 The summarises the main findings again. It also

includes the author’s recommendation about how teenagers could
improve their sleep habits.

3 The section provides some facts about sleep

including why it is important and how much we need.

4 The section provides some information about the

report including how many people answered it and how many
questions it had.

Read the report from Activity 1 again and discuss the

3 Read and discuss. questions below.
Make some notes about your answers in your exercise book.

1 According to the report, why is sleep important?

2 How many people answered the survey questions?

3 How many questions from the survey does Khalifa discuss in the
main findings section of the report?

4 What conclusion does Khalifa make about his findings?

5 What does he recommend for his classmates?

6 What tense(s) is the report written in?

23
Project

Manar and her group are planning a healthy living event for
1 Discuss. their school.
Look at the flyer for the event and discuss the questions.

1 What area of healthy living does the event

focus on?
2 What is the aim of the event?
Schedule
3 Who is invited to the event?
4 What activities does their event include? 8.30 – 8.35 Welcome
5 Who is the special guest at the event?
8.35 – 9.00 Presentation
The benefits of an
active lifestyle

9.00 – 10.00 Try a new sport

Special
a Choose a new sport to try
Try guest
ne w
0.00 – 11.00
1 Guest speaker

speaker

e
rt

v
spo

i
Maha from Star Gym

Act
How to become more active

s !
1.00 – 11.30 Healthy snacks
1

Te e n Make your own healthy

snacks

11.30 – 12.00 Lunch

ow you
Learn h more 12.00 – 12.30 My Active Plan
a
can live estyle Create a personal plan for
e li f
activ a more active lifestyle
to ay.
d
with Maha

12.30 – 13.00 Yoga for relaxation

oy a
Enj thy
l
hea ch
lun
13.00
A p r il , 8.30 –
4 th
ol
n: Scho
Locatio
students
to a ll G rade 10
Open ports ge
ar
a s e w e ar your s
Ple

Listen to Manar and her team planning their event.

2 Listen and complete. Complete the missing information in their event planner.

Date / Time 4th April / 8.30 - 13.00 Location School

Theme Being more active Food 3

Sports Tennis, aerobics and Tell students to bring/ wear

students
can try 1 4
Other
Job of guest Organise sports equipment
2
speaker
Buy 5

24
 Healthy Lifestyle 2

You will plan a healthy living event for the students at your school.
3 Plan. Brainstorm your ideas for your event and answer the questions
below.

1 What area of healthy living will your event focus on?

2 What is the aim of your event?
3 Who can attend your event?
4 What activities will you include in the event?
5 Will you have a special guest? Who?
6 What kind of food will be served at the event?
7 What else will you have to prepare?

4 Do a project.
1 Work with your group to plan your event.
Create a flyer for the event.

Your flyer should include the following information:

n The name of the event n The schedule for the event
n Details about the event (date, time, location) n The food at the event
n Who can attend the event n Any other important information
n The activities included in the event

2 Prepare a short presentation about your event.

Each member of your group has to participate in the presentation.
Use the Useful Language box below to help you.

guage
Useful Lan Talking about your event
The name of our event is … The event will start / finish with …
The aim of our event is … The special guest is …
Our event will be on (date) at (time). (Food) will be provided at the event.
During our event, students will… Students should bring …
Activities include … Do you have any questions about the event?

Present your event to your classmates.

5 Present. As a class, vote on which event you would like to hold at
your school.

25
Reading and Understanding

3
Overview

1 Look and discuss. Look at the pictures and discuss the questions.

1 Which ones exist now? Have you ever seen or used them?
2 Which one do you like to use in the future? Why?

1 2

hover bike time machine

3 4

flying car electrical tram

5 6

smart pod vehicle horse carriage

26
 The Future of Transport 3

The Future of Transport

2 Read and discuss.

1 Read the text below.

Discuss the questions.

1 What is the text about?

2 Name some examples of future
means of transport.
The Future of Transport
3 What is the main reason behind the Different means of transport have
change in transportation?
developed over time. However, in the
2 Look at the words in bold and discuss
their meanings.
coming years, we are likely to see many
more changes in transportation.

Technology will play a key role in bringing

about this change. For instance, most
means of transport will be automated.
Self-driving cars, hyperloops, and
hovercrafts will replace most of the
current means of transport. Air travel
will be more efficient as it will enable us
to travel faster and will offer non-stop
flights for long distances. High-tech
transportation is committed to improving
the time spent in air by increasing
passenger comfort and safety as well as
protecting the environment.

3 Discuss.
In your group, discuss the following future prediction.

In the near future, people won’t drive normal cars anymore.

I don’t think
people will ... There might
I think we might ... not be ...

27
Reading and Understanding

1 Read and match. Read the texts. Match the titles to the texts.

a Self-driving vehicle b Jetpack c Hyperloop d Flying car

1 2
This new form of ground transport is currently being This car or truck can drive itself with little or no
developed by a number of companies. help from the driver. This autonomous vehicle will
use technologies that are widely available today.
Passengers will be travelling in a floating pod
For example, it will create an internal map of the
which will run inside giant low-pressure tubes,
surrounding area and will use lasers, radars, and
either above or below ground. Rather than using
high-powered cameras to guide it.
wheels like a train or car, the pods are designed
to float on air using magnetic levitation to reduce This kind of transport is just around the corner. It is
friction. The suggested speed for journeys will be expected to be available in the coming years. It will
1080 kilometers per hour. That is approximately significantly reduce road traffic accidents and the
4 to 5 times faster than a normal train. This number of people killed on roads will be less. This
proposed means of transport could is because the software used has proven to be
make travel between cities faster, more reliable and is less prone to error when
safer, and more environmentally- compared with human driven vehicles.
friendly.

4
3 This form of transport can be flown in the sky or
driven on roads. It has the basic features of an
This is a transportation device that is worn over the
airplane such as an airscrew but has tyres the same
shoulder. It has two fans, which are powered by an
as a car. It is light enough to fly in the air yet strong
engine. It can fly for up to 30 minutes at a time with
enough to move on the road. Therefore, it has the
a maximum speed of 74 km/h.
best of both worlds.
This device is a type of air craft so people will need
This fully automated vehicle will be used by people
a pilot’s licence to use it. Pilots will wear a heat-
who hardly know anything about driving a car
resistant flying suit, a helmet, and boots. Inside
or flying a plane. The driver will have to enter the
the helmet, a radio system will allow pilots to
destination’s phone number or address and then the
communicate with air traffic control.
vehicle will do everything.
It could fly equipment to areas that are hard to reach.
This vehicle needs less parking space than a plane
Therefore, it might be more suited for firefighters or
and is more convenient than a car. It will be able to
emergency rescue teams.
avoid traffic jams due to its advanced technology.
To increase its safety features, this device will include In addition, this means of transportation will use less
a low-tech plastic parachute. fuel.

28
 The Future of Transport 3

2 Read and match. 1 Match the means of transportation with its special feature.

1 This means of ground transportation will travel very fast

and will carry a large number of passengers.
a Self-driving vehicle
2 This means of transportation can be used for emergency
purposes. b
Jetpack

3 This strong and light vehicle combines the advantages c Flying car
of two modes of transportation.
d
Hyperloop
4 This means of transportation might help reduce road
traffic accidents.

2 Read the texts on page 28 again and find more features for
each means of transportation.

3 Read and complete.

Complete the sentences using the words in the box. Refer to the
texts on page 28.

autonomous levitation vehicles licence destinations speed

1 Giant tubes in the hyperloop will carry passengers at high .

2 vehicles may reduce the number of road accidents.

3 To fly a jetpack, you need to have a .

4 To reduce friction, a system will be used in the hyperloop.

5 In future will be directed by a navigation system.

6 In future, passengers will reach their faster than

they do nowadays.

4 Discuss. Discuss the following questions in your group.

1 Which means of transportation do you think might be used in your country in the future?
2 Choose one means of transportation from page 28. What disadvantages can you predict?
3 Can you think of another type of transportation that might improve the way we travel?

29
Grammar and Vocabulary

1 Read the following phrases predicting the future.

1 Order. Order them based on their possibility of happening in the
future.

1 People will not drive today’s cars

because fossil fuels won’t be available
any longer.
2 Space is going to become a popular
tourist destination.
3 In the future, people will be expected to
drive electric vehicles.
4 Within 10 years, flying cars might
become a reality.

2 What do you notice about the tense of the verbs in the

sentences?

Gr a mma r F o c u s Predicting the Future

1 We use going to or will for making predictions about the future.

A (not) Going to: giving predictions based on evidence
You are going to miss the plane unless you hurry up

B Will (not): giving predictions based on opinion

Cars will shortly be able to communicate with each other whilst driving.

2 We also use modal verbs of possibility to make future predictions:

A May (not) Cars may soon become autonomous, as a result there will be no
need for drivers.

B Might (not) In ten years’ time, we might be using flying cars.

C Could (not) By using a hyperloop, a passenger could travel between two cities in
a few minutes.

Look at the reading text on page 22 in the Skills Book again.

2 Read and find. Find examples of modal verbs and write them into your exercise
book.

30
 The Future of Transport 3

3 Read and guess.

Read the two dialogues with your partner. Guess the meaning of
the phrases in bold.

Dialogue 1
Hamzah: Hello, Majid.

Majid: Hello Hamzah, I would like to wish you the best of luck in
the coming Teens’ Innovative Transport Competition.

Hamzah: Thank you. But how did you know about it? It’s meant to
be a surprise.

Majid: Yes, I know but your brother was so excited for you that
he told me all about it.

Hamzah: So he let the cat out of the bag, didn’t he?

Majid: Yes. I’m afraid he did.

Dialogue 2
Tony: I’d better be off right now. I don’t want to risk being late.

Derick: Stop worrying. I am sure you will get the job.

Tony: Do you really think so?

Derick: Of course. I’m sure you’re exactly what they’re looking for.

Tony: Let’s hope so. Keep your fingers crossed for me.

Derick: I will. Good luck.

Find some idioms on the texts on page 28 of your classbook.

4 Read and find. Discuss the following questions.

1 Can you guess their meanings from the context?

2 What other idioms do you know?

Idioms are words or phrases, which can mean something

different from what their individual words mean but they
can be understood because of their popular use.

Note: Some words in idioms can help you figure out

the meaning. e.g. I miss the boat (I missed a chance/
an opportunity). Some are difficult to understand.
e.g. a piece of cake (means that something is very easy).

31
Listening and Speaking

Look at the picture. Do you know the person

1 Listen and answer. in the picture? Now Listen to Sophie and Jean
talking about this person. Choose the correct
option.

1 His name is
a Elon Musk b Elon Mask
2 Elon is an
a engineer b entrepreneur
3 Elon created a video game when he was
a 10 years old b 12 years old
4 SpaceX is a company which manufactures
a spaceships b electric cars
5 Elon is interested in
a travelling b global climate change
6 Elon works in developing a new means
of transportation called a
a hyperloop b hyperspace

2 Look, read and discuss.

Look at the following diagram and study it.
Imagine how it works and discuss it with your partner.

low air pressure tube

tube passengers capsule (pod)

when the friction is reduced,

the pod floats smoothly magnetic levitation

32
 The Future of Transport 3
You are going to listen to the second part of the conversation
3 Listen. between Sophie and Jean talking about the ‘Hyperloop’. Write (T)
if the statement is true and (F) if the statement is false.

1 Jean was not interested in hearing about the

hyperloop.

2 The hyperloop is a new type of train.

3 Passengers travelling by hyperloop will

sit in pods.

4 The pods will float on air that will not touch

the ground.

5 Travelling by hyperloop will be more

expensive than travelling by train.
So, it is like a train...
6 The first hyperloop is likely to be a different type of train. The main
operational in 2025. difference is that the hyperloop uses
floating pods.

Listen to the people in the pictures giving their opinions about

4 Listen and match. the hyperloop. What does each person think about it? Listen and
match the statements below with each person’s opinion.

1 2 3 4

a b
Excited to see the new invention. The technology to make the hyperloop
is not advanced enough.
c
d
Not safe because passengers might
get stuck inside the pods. The hyperloop’s speed could cause
accidents.

In pairs, read the following statements about the hyperloop

5 Discuss. and express your opinion about each statement in one or
two sentences.
I don’t think so.
The hyperloop... The Hyperloop might
be a reality sooner
than you think.
n could reduce congestion on roads
n will make travelling faster
n might be dangerous
n is not going to be a reality anytime
soon
n will be expensive

33
Writing

In pairs, read and discuss these statements. Write (T) if you think
1 Read and discuss. the statement is true and (F) if the statement is false. Then, read
the text and check your answers.

Flying Cars Your Opinion The Text

1 can be time-saving.
2 will demand less effort from drivers.
3 are very cheap and everyone can afford them.
4 are safer than cars as we know them today.

F lying Cars
Have you ever daydreamed about flying your car
over the road? The idea seems mind-blowing,
but these cars may soon be filling our skies.
In fact, some companies have already begun
testing their prototypes based on value for money,
efficiency, and safety. Flying cars will help improve
transportation, but at the same time, there are
some challenges that could affect their general use
and popularity.
On the other hand, flying cars do have some
There are certainly some advantages to using flying
disadvantages. First, flying cars will be expensive
cars. To begin with, flying cars can be time-saving
as they use the technology of both cars and
as they can fly to their destination directly without
airplanes. Furthermore, these types of cars require
having to follow roads or stop at traffic lights. This
special and expensive materials. Secondly, flying
way, flying cars do not get stuck in traffic jams
cars might be more dangerous than the cars we
or become involved in road traffic accidents or
use now because they could be badly affected by
other problems. Moreover, flying cars are easy to
weather conditions and fall out of the sky. Also,
use because they have an automated system. For
having so many in the air at the same time might
example, the driver enters the destination’s address
make it difficult to control the landing as they would
and then the flying car will arrive at the exact place.
not have the space to land safely.
Therefore, you will get to your destination easily
and quickly. In conclusion, I believe that flying cars will be used
in the near future, because they have so many
advantages. However, I am still not convinced
about how safe they really are.

34
 The Future of Transport 3

Read the text again and answer the questions.

2 Read and answer.
1 What are the advantages of using flying cars?
2 What are the disadvantages of using flying cars?

Learning
Strategy
3 Read and choose.
Read the text again and
choose the correct answer. In the Introduction of an
opinion essay (advantages
and disadvantages), we make
general remarks about the
1 What type of text is it? subject, without giving our
opinion.
a an opinion essay.
b a report.

2 What does the introduction include?

a an opinion about the topic.
b general remarks about the topic.

3 What does the writer include in the second paragraph?

a a discussion about the advantages of the topic.
b a summary of both points of view.

4 What does the writer include in the third paragraph?

a general remarks about the topic.
b a discussion about the disadvantages of the topic.

5 What is the conclusion about?

a a summary of both points of view and stating
his/her opinion.
b a discussion about a new idea.

4 Read and find. Read the text again and find the following.

Linking words

Future prediction

35
Project

Look at the picture of a new type of cargo ship.

1 Look and discuss. Discuss the following questions:
1 What type of transport is it?
2 What are its main features?

2 Listen and tick.

Listen to a student’s presentation about the Eco-Ship 2040.

Tick the sentences that describe it.
1 This cargo ship will start sailing in the future.
2 It will be autonomous as it will sail without the help of any crew.
3 It will use solar panels and wind sails.
4 It will be made of steel because it is safer than aluminum.
5 It will be fast as it will be able to sail at a speed of 200 km/h.

Listen again and choose one of the following pictures

3 Listen and choose. that best matches the description in Activity 2.

1 2

36
 The Future of Transport 3

In your group, you will search for a new means of transport, which
4 Plan. has not been discussed in this unit. Then, you are going to present
your idea to the class.

Think of the following aspects

while you search:

1 What is the means of

transport?
3 How does it work?
4 What special features does it
have?
5 What are the advantages of
this type of transport?
6 What transportation problems
will it solve?

5 Do a project. 1 Do the search and prepare your presentation.

1 Search for a future means of transport, which has not been

discussed in this book
2 Write a short summary about the means of transport you
have selected.
3 Prepare a 1-2-minute presentation for your class about the
means of transport you have chosen. Explain to them what it
looks like.

2 Present to the class.

1 Present the idea to your class and make sure not to show any
images at this stage.
2 Once you have finished, allow
each group to ask only one
question about the means of
transport.
3 Provide each group with a blank
sheet of paper and give them
5 minutes to draw the means
of transportation that you have
spoken about.
4 Get students to stick their
drawings on the whiteboard.
5 Show the image of your means
of transport to the class and
decide which group’s design is
closest to yours.

37
Reading and Understanding

4
Overview

1 Read and match. Match the illustrations a-h with the words in the box.

E N T R E P R E N E U R S H I P

a b c d

partners

plan

risk e f g h

funding
OMR
idea

target

marketing

launch

2 Listen and answer.

Listen to three people talking

about their experiences in
business.
Match each speaker with the
aspects mentioned in Activity 1.

38
 Entrepreneurship 4

Entrepreneurship

3 Read and discuss.

1 Work in pairs. Read the text and

discuss the questions.

1 What does ‘entrepreneurship’

mean? Entrepreneurship
2 What should entrepreneurs have in
order to succeed in their business? The term entrepreneurship refers to
3 What do some entrepreneurs need to
launching any kind of business that
start their own business?
involves creative ideas and risk-taking.
2 Look at the vocabulary in bold. The people who run these businesses
Discuss the meanings of these words.
are called entrepreneurs. To succeed,
entrepreneurs should have some
characteristics like being ambitious,
confident and ready to face challenges.
They should also know how to persuade
customers in addition to having some soft
skills like leadership, self-motivation and
flexibility. Some startup entrepreneurs
might need financial funding to launch
their new products or services.

4 Discuss.

Work in pairs and discuss the

following question.

Imagine you have a great idea to

start your own business, what type of
business would it be and why?

39
Reading and Understanding

Look at the illustration and discuss the questions below.

1 Discuss.
1 What does the illustration show?
2 What does an entrepreneur need to be successful?

knowledge team passion target

innovation business leadership risk taking

Read the article below. Match paragraphs 1-4 to their

2 Read and match. subheadings a-d.

a Importance of entrepreneurship b Definition of entrepreneurship

c Types of entrepreneurship d Characteristics of entrepreneurs

Entrepreneurship
Do you know that there are roughly 582 million entrepreneurs in the
world today? It means that one in every thirteen people worldwide owns
a business! There are many discussions about entrepreneurship but not
everyone knows what it means exactly. Entrepreneurship is simply defined
1
as the process of planning and launching a new business whether it be
products or services. People who run these businesses are known as
entrepreneurs. It really involves someone who can take financial risks in
addition to having the idea or funding to succeed in entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurship is very essential nowadays as it improves living standards
for individuals and guarantees the way forward for a sustainable future.
2
It also boosts the economy by providing either brand-new or improved
products through the entrepreneur’s innovative ideas and concepts.
There are a number of characteristics that successful entrepreneurs should
have when starting a business. First and most importantly, they should
be able to take risks because running a business without being prepared
3 to take risks does not lead to real success. Second, they should be self-
motivated individuals who know how to push themselves forward even if
they do not get an immediate profit. Third, they should know that what they
offer, whether it is services or products, fits the market. They should know
what customers need and act accordingly.
There are different kinds of entrepreneurship. The first type is known
as lifestyle entrepreneurship. It became popular with the growth of the
technology, internet and global economy. In this type of entrepreneurship,
a business is built on interests and passion. The second type is a home-
4 based business which fits under the group of small businesses run from
homes rather than from offices or other places. The third type is the online
business which can include small, home-based, or even large businesses.
The main difference is that this business is activated mostly online. The
fourth type is called ‘inventors’, those going beyond the idea or concept
stage to build the product and get it to the market.
https://www.feedough.com/what-is-entrepreneurship-types-importance/

40
 Entrepreneurship 4

Read the article in Activity 2 again and answer questions 1-4

3 Read and answer. below. Write your answers in your exercise book.

Learning
Strategy
1 Why is entrepreneurship important?
2 How is entrepreneurship different to entrepreneurs? Guessing the meaning of new
words from context is very
3 What skills does an entrepreneur need to succeed in business? useful. It can be done through
looking at the examples,
4 What type of entrepreneurship do you like best? Why?
definitions or synonyms
provided.

4 Read and complete.

Use the words in bold from the article in Activity 2 to complete the
sentences below. Write the answers in your exercise book.

1 The company is a new model next month.

2 He has a strong and interest in starting

his own company.

3 I encourage people to take by experiencing

new things in their lives.

4 Our daily is usually around OMR 500.

5 Even in small companies, computers are an

tool.

6 You will have to work hard if you want to

in your business.

5 Discuss. Work in groups. Discuss the following statement.

“Entrepreneurship is not only about ideas.

It’s about making ideas happen!”
- Scott Belsky -

41
Grammar and Vocabulary

Read the dialogue and complete the missing gaps with indefinite
1 Read and complete. pronouns from the box.
Write your answers in your exercise book.

everywhere someone anywhere

nothing anyone somewhere

Bader: There is (1) ________ more annoying than losing

something.

Jamal: What have you lost?

Bader: My exercise book. It must be in the classroom, but I’ve got

no idea where I left it. I can’t find it (2) _________.

Jamal: Are you sure you haven’t left it (3) _________ else by
mistake?

Bader: Of course not. I’ve searched for it (4) _________ but it’s no
use. I think (5) _________must have hidden it.

Jamal: Why would (6) _________ hide your book? No one would do
that! Oh wait! Do you mean your Math exercise book?

Bader: Yes, exactly! How did you know?

Jamal: Don’t you remember? The Math teacher took our exercise
books yesterday to check them.

Bader: Oh, I forgot!

G r amma r F o c u s Indefinite Pronouns

Affirmative Interrogative Negative

Countable/
some any no
Uncountable

People someone / somebody anyone / anybody no one / nobody

Things something anything nothing

Places somewhere anywhere nowhere

42
 Entrepreneurship 4

2 Think and discuss.

1 What is happening in these

illustrations?

2 What is the difference in

meaning between
“A man eating fish” and
“A man-eating fish”?
A man eating fish

A man-eating fish
3 Read and answer.

Look at the reading article on page 40 Compound Adjectives

of your Classbook again and find the
compound adjectives. A compound adjective is an adjective that is
Discuss the following questions: made of two or more words.

1 adverb + past participle:

1 Do you understand the meaning of these
compound adjectives? This is a well-developed product.

2 How are these adjectives different? 2 noun + verb-ing:

3 What other compound adjectives do you Entrepreneurs need to improve their
know? Give examples. decision-making skills.

3 adjective + noun:
My business is based on a short-term plan.

4 Read and complete.

Complete the sentences with the appropriate compound adjectives.

Use the hints between brackets to help you. There are three extra compound adjectives.

record-breaking
six-month

risk-taking low-paid

1 The _____ entrepreneur accepts different opinions. (willing to consider new ideas)
2 Our business is to sell ____ goods. (excellent)
3 I decided to launch my own business because of the _____ job I was in. (not getting enough
money)
4 Entrepreneurship is a _____ experience. (involves taking chances)
5 I will try to achieve _____ sales this month. (better than previous sales)

open-minded home-based high-quality

old-fashioned

43
Listening and Speaking

1 Discuss. Look at the pictures and discuss the questions below.

1 What do the pictures show?

2 What do you think this App
is used for?

JA PROD
UCTS

1 Listen to the first part of the interview with

2 Listen and answer. Muntasir Al Fahdi. Complete the table below.
Write the answers in your exercise book.

Study field 1

Name of App 2

Year started 3

Purpose 4

Challenges 5 Lack of knowledge in IT and

2 Listen to the second part of the interview.

Decide if the following statements are True (T) or False (F).

1 People around Oman used the application to buy JA Products.

2 Young entrepreneurs must have enough money before starting a business.

3 Muntasir plans to only sell his products locally.

44
 Entrepreneurship 4

1 Read the following dialogue between Safa and Noor and

3 Read and answer. answer the questions below.
1 What business does Safa want to start?
2 How does Noor convince her to market the products?

Noor: Hello Safa. How’s everything going?

Safa: Hi Noor, I’m fine thank you.
Noor: You look confused! Is everything alright?
Safa: I’m just thinking about advertising my products but I don’t know how to do it.
Noor: What kind of products?
Safa: Something like printing names, logos and photos on T-shirts and mugs.
Noor: Sounds interesting. Why don’t you try online business, something like activating
social media to market your products?
Safa: It might not be that useful for me. I’ve never used social media in my life and I don’t
even have any accounts!
Noor: I can guarantee you that if you have accounts in Instagram and Snapchat, many
customers will buy your products. I can help you create an account.
Safa: Really! That’s very kind of you.
Noor: No problem! Obviously, this is the best way for young people to market their
products, especially nowadays.
Safa: Okay, let’s get started then. What should I do first?
Noor: Well, first you should take some photos of your products. Believe me, when
customers see good quality photos of the products online, it convinces them to go
ahead and buy the product.
Safa: Okay I will get them ready this evening. See you then and thank you Noor.

2 Read the conversation again and find some phrases

which the speakers used to persuade each other.

age
Langu
Useful Persuasive Language
Match the phrases which are similar in meaning.
Column A Column B
1 I can guarantee … a Trust me …
2 Believe me … b Without a doubt …
3 Why don’t you … c How about ….
4 Obviously … d I am certain …

4
Discuss the situations below. Use the phrases above to persuade
Find and match. your friend what you think is best.

1 2 3
Muna is a designer. She
Your friend is not sure which Tariq is not sure where to
wants to sell her clothes but
mobile brand to buy! spend his summer holiday!
she doesn’t know how to
advertise her business!

45
Writing

Read the email and answer the question below.

1 Read and think. What is the purpose of the email?
1 To send a request
2 To send an invitation
3 To make a complaint

[email protected]

Financial Assistance Needed!

Dear Sir/Madam,

My name is Salima Al Maskery and I am a start-up entrepreneur. I am planning

to launch my business which is selling organic beauty products online.
I came to know that Al Raffd Fund supports entrepreneurs through ‘Ta’zeez
Overview Programme’ so I would like to benefit from this service. I have already got the
official approval and would like to start my company which will be located in
Al Duqm.

My company aims to offer brand-new beauty products for men and women that
are made from herbal and organic ingredients. These products can help keep
Business
good-looking skin and maintain quality and texture with no side effects. I am
description
also planning to buy expensive machines so that we ourselves can produce
beauty creams and related items which can then be sold anywhere in Oman.

Therefore, I am writing to request financial support to establish my business.

Request I have already read your terms and conditions and I hope to get a loan of
OMR 20,000. I will pay it back in monthly installments over the next five years.

Please find attached copies of my CV, the company file, bank statements and
Attachments the papers of approval. If you require anything else, please feel free to contact
me at this email.

Thanking you in advance and looking forward to hearing from you at your
earliest convenience.

Yours sincerely,

Salima Al Maskari

2 Read and answer. Read the email again and answer the questions below.

1 What kind of business does Salima want to start?

2 What is special about her products?
3 How much does she need to launch her business?
4 Is the language used in the email formal or informal? Give
examples.

46
 Entrepreneurship 4

Read the information about the structure of the email in Activity 1.

3 Read and match. Match the sentences/definitions to words in the boxes.
Write the answers in your exercise book.

1 This part gives general information about the entrepreneur, the

a attachments
purpose and location of the company.

2 This part tells you about the nature of the business and how it
benefits customers. b overview

3 This part identifies the amount of money required and the

period of repayment. c business description

4 This part mentions the documents and proofs to be sent along

with the email. d request

4 Read and find.

Read the email in Activity 1 again and find an example for each of
the following items.

1 a greeting 2 a request 3 a polite closing

5 Sort and write. Sort the words and write the sentences in the correct order.

1 to launch / selling handicrafts. / I would like / my own business

Learning
Strategy 2 Indonesian textiles. / aims to sell / My company
When you write a formal 3 a financial loan / I am writing / for 5 years. / to request
request, you should:
n have a strong subject line 4 receiving your reply / Looking forward to / at your earliest
n identify yourself clearly convenience.
n keep the message focused
n use formal language

6 Language review.
Read the email in Activity 1 again and find two examples of the
following items.

indefinite pronouns compound adjectives

47
Project

Salima’s team are presenting their project to some investors.

1 Read and match.
1 Look at the slides which detail their business pitch.
Match slides a-e to sections 1-5 below.
Write your answers in your exercise books.

a
: b
suitable for everyone B eauty
P roducts
healthy for the skin
no chemicals
no side effects

B eauty
or g a n i c
P roducts

Available in Oman - Paris - London - Berlin - Kuwait

Salima Al Maskari
Direct or or g a n i c or g a n i c

Igo- or ganic@gm a i l . c om
Funding from: Al Raffd Fund
Beauty Products Made in Oman
Amount: OMR 20,000
Payment
Method: 5 years in monthly installments

 Expensive to buy machines

 not all ingredients available
1 entrepreneur’s identity
 ingredients expire quickly
2 product benefits

✔ get funding 3 risks and solutions

✔ make own products to avoid
4 product information
possible risks
5 funding

2 Listen to Salima giving a presentation about her team’s

product. Check your answers.

48
 Entrepreneurship 4

You will design your own business pitch and give a presentation
2 Plan. about your product or service.
Brainstorm ideas for your business pitch and answer the
questions below with your group.

1 What is the name of your product/service? 5 Does your product/service have any risks?
2 What is the aim of your product/service? If yes, what are they? Suggest solutions.
3 What will you include in your business card? 6 Where will you get funding from? How much
do you need?
4 What are the benefits of your product/service?
7 How would you market your product/service?

1 Work with your group to design a business pitch for

3 Do a project. your product/service. Present your design on a set of
slides or on a large poster.

2 Prepare a presentation about your business pitch.

Each member of your group has to participate in the
: for eve
ryone presentation. Use the tips below to help you prepare
suitable skin your presentation.
for the
healthy
mic ls
a
no che
effects
no side

B eauty Our Product: or g a n i c

P roducts
P roducts
B eauty B eauty P roducts
Aim: selling organic products locally
and internationally
Advantages Risks:
of the product: n expensive to buy
it n suitable for everyone
machines
nic - Kuwa
or g a Berlin n not all ingredients
ndon - n healthy for the skin
n - Pa ris - Lo
le in Oma n no chemicals
available
Availab
n ingredients expire
n no side effects
quickly
Learning Solution:
Strategy n get funding
n make own products
to avoid possible risks
When you present a business pitch, you should
include a number of slides that cover the background
of your product or service. Your presentation should
be short and focused.

T i ps for G i v i ng P resentat i ons

n Speak clearly n Practise before the presentation
n Pause regularly n Use notes to help you
n Keep it simple n Have open body language
n Make eye contact with the audience n Do not read from slides
n Use your own words to give more n Relax and smile
details n Put only the main points in your slides

Present your product/service to your classmates.

4 Present. Listen to your classmates’ presentations and ask questions about
their products/services.

49