CEE30005 Tutorial 2 - solution

1) A particle of equivalent sphere volume diameter 0.2 mm, density 2500 kg/m3 and
sphericity 0.6 falls freely under gravity in a fluid of density 1.0 kg/m3 and viscosity 2 x10-
5
Pas. Estimate the terminal velocity reached by the particle.

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2) Assuming that a car is equivalent to a flat plate 1.5 m square, moving normal to the air-
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stream, and with a drag coefficient, CD = 1.1, calculate the power required for steady
motion at 100 km/h on level ground. What is the Reynolds number? For air assume a
density of 1.2 kg/m3 and a viscosity of 1.71 x 10-5 Pas.
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𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 × 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦

𝐹
𝐴
𝐶𝐷 = 1 (from week 2 lecture note)
𝜌𝑢2
ed d

2
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1
𝐹= 𝐶 𝜌𝑢2 𝐴
2 𝐷
100𝑘𝑚 1000𝑚 ℎ
𝐴 = 1.5𝑚2 ; 𝑢 = × × = 27.8 𝑚/𝑠
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ℎ 𝑘𝑚 𝑠

1
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𝐹= × 1.1 × 1.2 × 27.82 × 1.52 × 27.8 = 31.8 𝑘𝑊

2
𝜌𝑥𝑢 1.2×1.5×27.8
𝑅𝑒 = = = 2.93 × 106
𝜇 1.71 x 10−5
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 3) Using the drag coefficient-Reynolds number data given below, calculate the density of
a sphere of diameter 10 mm which falls at a steady velocity of 0.25 m/s in large tank of
water of density 1000 kg/m3 and viscosity 0.001 Pa.s.

Use the general form of terminal velocity

4g𝑥 (𝜌𝑃 − 𝜌𝑓 )
𝑐𝐷 = [ ]
3𝑈𝑇2 𝜌𝑓

𝜌𝑥𝑢 1000 × 0.01 × 0.25

𝑅𝑒 = = = 2500
𝜇 0.001

Plot 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 𝑅𝑒𝑃 versus 𝐶𝐷 , then interpolate to find 𝐶𝐷 ; 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 2500 = 3.39

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4g𝑥 (𝜌𝑃 −𝜌𝑓 )

0.4 = [ ]; 𝜌𝑃 =1191 kg/m3
3𝑈𝑇2 𝜌𝑓
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