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QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS

1
1. The solution of the equation x+ =2 will be
x

1
(a) 2, –1 (b) 0, –1, −
5

1
(c) − 1,− (d) None of these
5

2. The roots of the given equation ( p − q ) x 2 + (q − r ) x + (r − p) = 0 are

p−q q −r
(a) ,1 (b) ,1
r−p p−q

r−p q −r
(c) ,1 (d) 1,
p−q p −q

3. If x 2 + y 2 = 25 , xy = 12 , then x=

(a) {3, 4} (b) {3, –3}

(c) {3, 4, –3, –4} (d) {–3, –3}
4. The roots of the equation a(x 2 + 1) − (a 2 + 1)x = 0 are
1
(a) a, (b) a, 2a
a

1
(c) a, (d) None of these
2a

1
5. The value of 2 + is
1
2+
2 + ...........∞
(a) 1− 2 (b) 1 + 2

(c) 1± 2 (d) None of these

6. The number of real solutions of the equation | x | 2 – 3 | x | +2 = 0 are
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4
7. The roots of the equation x4 − 8x 2 − 9 = 0 are
(a) ±3, ± 1 (b) ±3, ± i

(c) ±2, ± i (d) None of these

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8. Let one root of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 where a, b , c are integers be 3+ 5 , then the other root is

(a) 3− 5 (b) 3
(c) 5 (d) None of these
9. The roots of the equation 3x +1 +1 = x are
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 0, 1 (d) None

10. The value of x = 2 + 2 + 2 + ..... is

(a) –1 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 3
11. If P(x ) = ax 2 + bx + c and Q(x ) = −ax 2 + dx + c where ac ≠ 0 , then P ( x ).Q ( x ) = 0 has at least
(a) Four real roots (b) Two real roots
(c) Four imaginary roots (d)None of these
12. The real roots of the equation x 2 + 5| x| + 4 = 0 are
(a) – 1, 4 (b) 1, 4
(c) – 4, 4 (d) None of these
13. If the roots of the equation ( p 2 + q 2 )x 2 − 2 q ( p + r ) x + (q 2 + r 2 ) = 0 be real and equal, then p, q, r will be
in
(a) A.P. (b) G.P.
(c) H.P. (d) None of these
14. Let α and β be the roots of the equation x2 + x +1 = 0 The equation whose roots are α 19 , β 7 is
(a) x2 − x −1 = 0 (b) x2 − x +1 = 0

(c) x2 + x −1 = 0 (d) x 2 + x + 1 = 0
15. If the product of the roots of the equation 2x 2 + 6 x + α2 + 1 = 0 is −α , then the value of α will
be
(a) –1 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) –2
16. If x 2/3 − 7 x1/3 + 10 = 0, then x=

(a) {125} (b) {8}

(c) φ (d) {125, 8}

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17. The number of roots of the equation | x |2 −7 | x | +12 = 0 is

(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4
18. The equation (x + 1) − (x − 1) = (4 x − 1) has
(a) No solution (b) One solution (c)Two solutions (d) More than two solutions
19. The number of solutions of log 4 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3)

(a) 3 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 0
20. If the roots of the given equation 2 x 2 + 3(λ − 2) x + λ + 4 = 0 be equal in magnitude but
opposite in sign, then λ =
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 2/3
21. If a root of the equation x 2 + px + 12 = 0 is 4, while the roots of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 are
same, then the value of q will be
(a) 4 (b) 4/49
(c) 49/4 (d) None of these
22. The equation e x − x − 1 = 0 has
(a) Only one real root x =0

(b) At least two real roots

(c) Exactly two real roots
(d) Infinitely many real roots
23. The number of solutions for the equation x 2 − 5 | x | + 6 = 0 is
(a) 4 (b) 3
(c) 2 (d) 1
24. The values of 'a' and 'b' for which equation x 4 − 4 x3 + ax 2 + bx + 1 = 0 have four real roots
(a) – 6, – 4 (b) – 6, 5
(c) – 6, 4 (d) 6, – 4
25. If a + b + c = 0, a ≠ 0, a, b, c ∈ Q , then both the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 are
(a) Rational (b) Non-real
(c) Irrational (d) Zero

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26. If a+b +c = 0 , then the roots of the equation 4 ax 2 + 3 bx + 2 c = 0 are

(a) Equal (b) Imaginary
(c) Real (d) None of these
27. If the roots of the given equation (cos p − 1)x 2 + (cos p )x + sin p = 0 are real, then
 π π
(a) p ∈ (−π ,0 ) (b) p ∈ − ,  (c) p ∈ (0, π ) (d) p ∈ (0 , 2π )
 2 2

28. The roots of the equation

(a 2 + b 2 )t 2 − 2(ac + bd )t + (c 2 + d 2 ) = 0 are equal, then

(a) ab = dc (b) ac = bd
a c
(c) ad + bc = 0 (d) =
b d

29. The expression x 2 + 2 bx + c has the positive value if

(a) b 2 − 4c > 0 (b) b 2 − 4 c < 0
(c) c2 < b (d) b 2 < c
30. If the roots of the equations px 2 + 2 qx + r = 0

and qx 2 − 2 pr x + q = 0 be real, then

(a) p =q (b) q 2 = pr
(c) p 2 = qr (d) r 2 = pq
31. If l, m , n are real and l≠m, then the roots of the equation (l − m )x 2 − 5(l + m )x − 2(l − m ) = 0 are
(a) Complex (b) Real and distinct
(c) Real and equal (d) None of these
32. The least integer k which makes the roots of the equation x 2 + 5x + k = 0 imaginary is
(a) 4 (b) 5
(c) 6 (d) 7
33. The condition for the roots of the equation,
(c 2 − ab)x 2 − 2(a 2 − bc )x + (b 2 − ac) = 0 to be equal is
(a) a=0 (b) b = 0
(c) c=0 (d) None of these

34. Roots of ax 2 + b = 0 are real and distinct if

(a) ab > 0 (b) ab < 0
(c) a, b > 0 (d) a, b < 0
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35. The expression y = ax 2 + bx + c has always the same sign as c if

(a) 4 ac < b 2 (b) 4 ac > b 2

(c) ac < b 2 (d) ac > b 2

36. x 2 + x + 1 + 2 k ( x 2 − x − 1) = 0 is a perfect square for how many values of k
(a) 2 (b) 0
(c) 1 (d) 3
37. Let p, q ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4 } . The number of equations of the form px 2 + qx + 1 = 0 having real roots is
(a) 15 (b) 9
(c) 7 (d) 8
38. If the roots of equation x 2 + a 2 = 8 x + 6a are real, then
(a) a ∈ [2, 8 ] (b) a ∈ [−2, 8]
(c) a ∈ (2, 8 ) (d) a ∈ (−2, 8)

39. If a root of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 be reciprocal of a root of the equation

then a ′x 2 + b ′x + c ′ = 0 , then
(a) (cc ′ − aa ′) 2 = (b a ′ − cb ′)(ab ′ − b c ′)

(b) (b b ′ − aa′)2 = (ca′ − b c ′)(ab ′ − b c ′)

(c) (cc ′ − aa′)2 = (b a ′ + cb ′)(ab ′ + b c ′)

(d) None of these

1 1
40. If α and β are the roots of the equation 4 x 2 + 3x + 7 = 0 , then + =
α β

3 3
(a) − (b)
7 7

3 3
(c) − (d)
5 5

41. If the roots of the equation Ax 2 + Bx + C = 0 are α, β and the roots of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0

are α 2, β 2 , then value of p will be

B 2 − 2 AC 2 AC − B 2
(a) (b)
A2 A2

B 2 − 4 AC
(c) (d) None of these
A2

42. If α and β are the roots of the equation x 2 − a( x + 1) − b = 0 then (α + 1)(β + 1) =

(a) b (b) – b
(c) 1−b (d) b − 1

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43. If the sum of the roots of the quadratic equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 is equal to the sum of the
squares of their reciprocals, then a / c, b / a, c / b are in
(a) A.P. (b) G.P. (c) H.P. (d) None of these
44. If the roots of the equation x 2 + 2 mx + m 2 − 2 m + 6 = 0 are same, then the value of m will be
(a) 3 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d)–1
45. If the sum of the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 be equal to the sum of their squares,
then
(a) a(a + b ) = 2 bc (b) c(a + c) = 2 ab
(c) b (a + b ) = 2 ac (d) b(a + b ) = ac
46. If α, β are the roots of x 2 + px + 1 = 0 and γ ,δ are the roots of x 2 + qx + 1 = 0 ,then q 2 − p 2 =

(a) (α − γ )( β − γ )(α + δ )( β + δ )

(b) (α + γ )(β + γ )(α − δ )(β + δ )

(c) (α + γ )( β + γ )(α + δ )( β + δ )

(d) None of these

47. If 2+i 3 is a root of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 , where p and q are real, then ( p, q) =

(a) (−4 , 7 ) (b) (4, − 7)

(c) (4, 7) (d) (−4, − 7)

48. If the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 be α and β , then the roots of the equation
cx 2 + bx + a = 0 are

(a) −α , − β (b) α, 1
β

1 1
(c) , (d) None of these
α β

49. The quadratic in b, such that A.M. of its roots is A and G.M. is G, is
(a) t 2 − 2 At + G 2 = 0 (b) t 2 − 2 At − G 2 = 0
(c) t 2 + 2 At + G 2 = 0 (d) None of these

50. If the sum of the roots of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 is three times their difference, then
which one of the following is true
(a) 9 p 2 = 2q (b) 2q 2 = 9 p

(c) 2 p 2 = 9q (d) 9 q 2 = 2p

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51. A two digit number is four times the sum and three times the product of its digits. The
number is
(a) 42 (b) 24
(c) 12 (d) 21
52. If the product of roots of the equation, mx 2 + 6 x + (2m − 1) = 0 is –1, then the value of m will
be
1 1
(a) 1 (b) – 1 (c) (d) −
3 3

1 1 1
53. If the roots of the equation + =
x + p x +q r
are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, then

the product of the roots will be

p2 + q2 2
+ q2)
(a) (b) – (p
2 2

p2 − q2 2
− q2)
(c) (d) – (p
2 2

α β
54. If α, β are the roots of the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 , then + =
aβ + b aα + b

2 2
(a) (b)
a b

2 2
(c) (d) −
c a

55. The equation formed by decreasing each root of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 by 1 is 2 x 2 + 8 x + 2 = 0, then

(a) a = – b (b) b = – c
(c) c = – a (d) b = a + c
56. If the ratio of the roots of x 2 + bx + c = 0 and x 2 + qx + r = 0 be the same, then
(a) r 2c = b 2q (b) r 2 b = c 2 q
(c) rb 2 = cq 2 (d) rc 2 = bq 2
57. If the ratio of the roots of ax 2 + 2 bx + c = 0 is same as the ratio of the roots of px 2 + 2 qx + r = 0 ,

then
b q b2 q2
(a) = (b) =
ac pr ac pr

2b q 2
(c) = (d) None of these
ac pr

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58. If the sum of the roots of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 is equal to the sum of their squares,
then
(a) p2 − q2 = 0 (b) p 2 + q 2 = 2q

(c) p 2 + p = 2q (d) None of these

59. Let α, β be the roots of x2 − x + p = 0 and γ ,δ be the roots of x2 −4x +q = 0 . If α, β ,γ ,δ are in
G.P., then integral values of p, q are respectively
(a) – 2, – 32 (b) – 2, 3 (c)– 6, 3 (d)– 6, – 32
B 2 − 4 AC
60. If the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 are α, β and the roots of Ax 2 + Bx + C = 0 are α − k , β − k , then
b 2 − 4 ac

is equal to
(a) 0 (b) 1
2 2
A a
(c)   (d)  
a A

61. If α, β are the roots of 9 x 2 + 6 x + 1 = 0, then the equation with the roots 1 1
, is
α β

(a) 2 x 2 + 3 x + 18 = 0 (b) x 2 + 6x − 9 = 0

(c) x 2 + 6x + 9 = 0 (d) x 2 − 6x + 9 = 0

62. If p and q are the roots of x 2 + px + q = 0, then

(a) p = 1, q = −2 (b) p = − 2, q = 1

(c) p = 1, q = 0 (d) p = −2, q = 0

63. If α, β are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 and α + β, α 2 + β 2, α 3 + β 3 are in G.P., where ∆ = b 2 − 4 ac ,

then
(a) ∆≠0 (b) b∆ = 0
(c) cb ≠ 0 (d) c∆ = 0
64. If 1−i is a root of the equation x 2 − ax + b = 0 , then b=

(a) – 2 (b) – 1
(c) 1 (d) 2

65. If α, β are the roots of the equation x 2 + 2 x + 4 = 0, then 1

+
1
is equal to
α3 β3

1 1
(a) − (b)
2 2

1
(c) 32 (d)
4

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1 1
66. If a and b are roots of x 2 − px + q = 0 , then + =
a b

1 1
(a) (b)
p q

1 p
(c) (d)
2p q

67. Product of real roots of the equation t 2 x 2 +| x | + 9 = 0

(a) Is always positive (b)Is always negative

(c) Does not exist (d) None of these
68. If α, β are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 , then the equation whose roots are 2 + α, 2 + β is
(a) ax 2 + x (4 a − b ) + 4 a − 2b + c = 0

(b) ax 2 + x (4 a − b) + 4 a + 2b + c = 0
(c) ax 2 + x (b − 4 a) + 4 a + 2b + c = 0

(d) ax 2 + x (b − 4 a) + 4 a − 2b + c = 0
69. If one root of the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 is the square of the other, then
(a) p 3 + q 2 − q(3 p + 1) = 0 (b) p 3 + q 2 + q(1 + 3 p) = 0
(c) p 3 + q 2 + q(3 p − 1) = 0 (d) p 3 + q 2 + q(1 − 3 p) = 0
70. Let two numbers have arithmetic mean 9 and geometric mean 4. Then these numbers are
the roots of the quadratic equation
(a) x 2 − 18 x − 16 = 0 (b) x 2 − 18 x + 16 = 0

(c) x 2 + 18 x − 16 = 0 (d) x 2 + 18 x + 16 = 0
71. If α≠β but α 2 = 5α − 3 and β 2 = 5β − 3 , then the equation whose roots are α/β and β /α is
(a) 3 x 2 − 25 x + 3 = 0 (b) x 2 + 5x − 3 = 0

(c) x 2 − 5x + 3 = 0 (d) 3 x 2 − 19 x + 3 = 0

72. Difference between the corresponding roots of x 2 + ax + b = 0 and x 2 + bx + a = 0 is same and

a≠b, then
(a) a+b +4 = 0 (b) a + b − 4 = 0
(c) a −b −4 = 0 (d) a − b + 4 = 0
73. If 3 is a root of x 2 + kx − 24 = 0, it is also a root of
(a) x 2 + 5x + k = 0 (b) x 2 − 5x + k = 0

(c) x 2 − kx + 6 = 0 (d) x 2 + kx + 24 = 0

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74. If x , y, z are real and distinct, then

u = x 2 + 4 y 2 + 9 z 2 − 6 yz − 3 zx − zxy is always
(a) Non-negative (b) Non-positive
(c) Zero (d) None of these
75. If a root of the equations x 2 + px + q = 0 and x 2 + αx + β = 0 is common, then its value will be
(where p ≠α and q≠β )
q−β p β − αq q−β p β − αq
(a) (b) (c) or (d) None of these
α−p q−β α−p q−β

76. If x 2 − 3x + 2 be a factor of x 4 − px 2 + q, then ( p , q ) =

(a) (3, 4) (b) (4, 5)

(c) (4, 3) (d) (5, 4)
77. If the two equations x 2 − cx + d = 0 and x 2 − ax + b = 0 have one common root and the second
has equal roots, then 2(b + d ) =

(a) 0 (b) a + c
(c) ac (d) −ac

x +2
78. If x is real, the expression takes all value in the interval
2x 2 + 3x + 6

 1 1  1 1
(a)  ,  (b) − 13 , 3 
 13 3   

 1 1 
(c) − ,  (d) None of these
 3 13 

(x − a)(x − b)
79. If x is real, the function will assume all real values, provided
(x − c)

(a) a>b >c (b) a<b <c

(c) a>c<b (d) a<c<b

80. If the equation a n x n + a n −1 x n −1 + .... + a1 x = 0 , a1 ≠ 0 , n ≥ 2, has a positive root x =α, then the
equation na n x n −1 + (n − 1)a n −1 x n − 2 + .... + a1 = 0 has a positive root, which is

(a) Greater than or equal to α (b)Equal to α

(c) Greater than α (d) Smaller than α

81. If α and β (α < β) are the roots of the equation x 2 + bx + c = 0, where c < 0 < b, then
(a) 0 <α < β (b) α < 0 < β <| α |
(c) α <β <0 (d) α < 0 <| α | < β
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x 2 + 14 x + 9
82. If x is real, then the maximum and minimum values of expression will be
x 2 + 2x + 3

(a) 4, – 5 (b) 5, – 4
(c) – 4, 5 (d) – 4, – 5
83. If x 2 − hx − 21 = 0, x 2 − 3 hx + 35 = 0 (h > 0 ) has a common root, then the value of h is equal to
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4
84. If the roots of the equation x 2 − 2 ax + a 2 + a − 3 = 0 are real and less than 3, then
(a) a<2 (b) 2≤a≤3 (c) 3<a≤4 (d) a>4

85. If b >a, then the equation (x − a)(x − b) = 1 has

(a) Both roots in [a, b]

(b) Both roots in (−∞, a)

(c) Both roots in (b, + ∞)

(d) One root in (−∞, a) and the other in (b, + ∞)

86. If S is a set of P (x ) is polynomial of degree ≤2 such that P (0 ) = 0 , P (1) = 1 , P' (x ) > 0 ∀x ∈ (0, 1) , then
(a) S =0

(b) S = ax + (1 − a)x 2 ∀a ∈ (0, ∞)

(c) S = ax + (1 − a)x 2 ∀a ∈ R

(d) S = ax + (1 − a)x 2 ∀a ∈ (0, 2)

87. The smallest value of x 2 − 3x + 3 in the interval (−3, 3 / 2) is
(a) 3/4 (b) 5
(c) –15 (d) –20
88. The maximum possible number of real roots of equation x5 − 6x 2 − 4x + 5 = 0 is
(a) 0 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) 5
89. The solution set of the equation pqx 2 − ( p + q )2 x + ( p + q )2 = 0 is
p q  p
(a)  ,  (b)  pq, 
q p   q 

q  p + q p + q p − q p − q
(c)  , pq  (d)  ,  (e)  , 
 p   p q   p q 

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90. If x is real and satisfies x+2> x + 4, then

(a) x < −2 (b) x >0

(c) −3 < x < 0 (d) −3 < x < 4

91. If α, β and γ are the roots of equation x 3 − 3x 2 + x + 5 = 0 then y = ∑ α 2 + αβγ satisfies the
equation
(a) y3 + y + 2 = 0 (b) y3 − y2 − y − 2 = 0

(c) y 3 + 3y 2 − y − 3 = 0 (d) y 3 + 4 y 2 + 5 y + 20 = 0

92. If α, β and γ are the roots of x3 +8 = 0 , then the equation whose roots are α 2,β 2 and γ 2 is

(a) x3 −8 = 0 (b) x 3 − 16 = 0

(c) x 3 + 64 = 0 (d) x 3 − 64 = 0 .

93. If x 2 + 2 ax + 10 − 3 a > 0 for all x ∈R , then

(a) −5 < a < 2 (b) a < −5
(c) a>5 (d) 2<a<5

94. If α, β , γ are the roots of the equation x 3 + 4 x + 1 = 0, then (α + β )−1 + (β + γ )−1 + (γ + α )−1 =

(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) 5

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

HINTS AND SOLUTIONS

1 1
1. (d) x+ = 2 ⇒ x + − 2 = 0 (∵ x ≠ 0 )
x x

⇒ x 2 − 2x + 1 = 0 ⇒ (x − 1) 2 =0 ⇒ x = 1,1 .

2. (c) Given equation is ( p − q )x 2 + (q − r)x + (r − p ) = 0

(r − q ) ± (q − r) 2 − 4 (r − p )(p − q)
x =
2( p − q )

(r − q) ± (q + r − 2 p) r−p
⇒ x = ⇒x = ,1
2( p − q) p−q

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3. (c) x 2 + y 2 = 25 and xy = 12

2
 12 
⇒ x 2 +   = 25 ⇒ x 4 + 144 − 25 x 2 = 0
 x 

⇒ (x 2 − 16 )(x 2 − 9) = 0 ⇒ x 2 = 16 and x2 = 9

⇒ x = ±4 and x = ±3 .

4. (a) Equation a(x 2 + 1) − (a 2 + 1)x = 0

⇒ ax 2 − (a 2 + 1)x + a = 0

⇒ (ax − 1)( x − a) = 0 ⇒ x = a,
1
.
a

1
5. (b) Let x =2+
1
2+
2 + ..... ∞

⇒ x = 2+
1
x

⇒ x =1± 2

But the value of the given expression cannot be negative or less than 2, therefore 1+ 2 is
required answer.
6. (d) Given | x | 2 −3 | x | +2 = 0

⇒ (| x | −1)(| x | −2) = 0

⇒ | x | = 1 and | x | = 2 ⇒ x = ±1, x = ±2 .

7. (b) Equation x4 − 8x 2 − 9 = 0

⇒ x4 − 9x2 + x2 − 9 = 0 ⇒ x 2 (x 2 − 9 ) + 1(x 2 − 9 ) = 0

⇒ ( x 2 + 1)( x 2 − 9 ) = 0 ⇒ x = ± i, ± 3 .

8. (a) If one root of a quadratic equation with rational coefficients is irrational and of the form
α+ β , then the other root must also be irrational and of the form α− β .
9. (d) Given equation is 3x + 1 + 1 = x

⇒ 3x + 1 = x −1

Squaring on both sides, we get 3x + 1 = x + 1 − 2 x

⇒ 2 x + 2x = 0 (Irrational function)
Thus x ≠0 and x ≠1, since equation is non-quadratic equation.
10. (c) x = 2+x ⇒ x2 − x −2 = 0

⇒ ( x − 2)( x + 1) = 0 ⇒ x = 2,−1

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But 2 + 2 + ..... ≠ −1 , so it is equal to 2.

11. (b) Let all four roots are imaginary. Then roots of both equations P( x ) = 0 and Q(x ) = 0 are
imaginary.
Thus b 2 − 4 ac < 0 ; d 2 + 4 ac < 0 , So b2 + d2 < 0 , which is impossible unless b = 0, d = 0 .
So, if b≠0 or d≠0 at least two roots must be real.
If b = 0, d = 0 , we have the equations.
P(x ) = ax 2 + c = 0 and Q(x ) = −ax 2 + c = 0

c 2 c c c
Or x2 = − ;x = as one of and − must be positive, so two roots must be real.
a a a a

12. (d) x 2 + 5 | x | + 4 = 0 ⇒ | x | 2 +5 | x | + 4 = 0

⇒| x | = −1,−4 , which is not possible. Hence, the given equation has no real root.

13. (b) Given equation is ( p 2 + q 2 )x 2 − 2 q( p + r)x + (q 2 + r 2 ) = 0

Roots are real and equal, then

4 q 2 ( p + r) 2 − 4 ( p 2 + q 2 )(q 2 + r 2 ) = 0

⇒ q 2 ( p 2 + r 2 + 2 pr ) − ( p 2 q 2 + p 2 r 2 + q 4 + q 2r 2 ) = 0

⇒ q 2 p 2 + q 2 r 2 + 2 pq 2 r − p 2 q 2 − p 2 r 2 − q 4 − q 2 r 2 = 0

⇒ 2 pq 2 r − p 2 r 2 − q 4 = 0 ⇒ (q 2 − pr ) 2 = 0

Hence q 2 = pr . Thus p, q, r in G.P.

14. (d) Given x2 + x +1 = 0

∴ x =
1 1 1
[−1 ± i 3 ] = (−1 + i 3 ), (−1 − i 3 ) = ω , ω 2
2 2 2

But α 19 = ω 19 = ω and β 7 = ω 14 = ω 2 .

Hence the equation will be same.

α2 +1
15. (a) According to condition = −α
2

⇒ α 2 + 2α + 1 = 0 ⇒ α = −1,−1 .

16. (d) Given that x 2 / 3 − 7 x 1 / 3 + 10 = 0 . Given equation can be written as ( x 1 / 3 ) 2 − 7( x 1 / 3 ) + 10 = 0

Let a = x1/3 , then it reduces to the equation

a 2 − 7 a + 10 = 0 ⇒ (a − 5 )(a − 2) = 0 ⇒ a = 5, 2

Putting these values, we have a 3 = x ⇒ x = 125 and 8.

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17. (d) The equation (| x | −4 )(| x | −3) = 0

⇒ | x | = 4 ⇒ x = ±4 ⇒| x | = 3 ⇒ x = ±3 .

18. (a) Given (x + 1) − (x − 1) = (4 x − 1)

Squaring both sides, we get − 2 ( x 2 − 1) = 2 x − 1

Squaring again, we get x = 5/4 which does not satisfy the given equation. Hence equation
has no solution.

19. (b) log 4 (x − 1) = log 2 (x − 3) ⇒ x − 1 = ( x − 3) 2

⇒ x 2 − 7 x + 10 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 5 )( x − 2) = 0

∴ x = 5, 2 but x −3<0 when x=2

∴ Only solution is x =5

∴ Hence number of solution is one.

20. (b) Let roots are α and −α , then sum of the roots
3(λ − 2)
⇒ 0 = (λ − 2) ⇒ λ = 2
3
α + (−α ) =
2 2

21. (c) Put x = 4 in x 2 + px + 12 = 0 , we get p = −7

49
Now second equation x 2 + px + q = 0 have equal roots. Therefore p 2 = 4q ⇒ q =
4

x x2
22. (a) ex = x +1 ⇒ 1+ + + ...... = x + 1
1! 2!

x2 x3
⇒ + + ...... = 0
2! 3!

x 2 = 0, x 3 = 0, ...... x n = 0

Hence, x = 0 only one real roots.

23. (a) Given equation x 2 − 5 | x | +6 = 0

i.e., x2 − 5x + 6 = 0 and x2 + 5x + 6 = 0

x 2 − 3x − 2x + 6 = 0 and x 2 + 3x + 2x + 6 = 0

(x − 3) (x − 2) = 0 and (x + 3) . (x + 2) = 0

x = 3, x = 2 and x = −3, x = −2 .

i.e., Four solutions of this equation.

24. (d) Let for real roots are α, β , γ , δ then equation is
(x − α ) (x − β )(x − γ ) (x − δ ) = 0

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x 4 − (α + β + γ + δ )x 3 + (αβ + βγ + γδ + αδ + βδ + αγ )x 2 − (αβγ + βγδ +αβδ + αγδ )x + αβγδ = 0

x 4 − ∑ α . x 3 + ∑ αβ . x 2 − ∑ αβγ . x + αβγδ = 0

On comparing with x 4 − 4 x 3 + ax 2 + bx + 1 = 0

∑ α = 4 , ∑ αβ = a

∑ αβγ = −b, αβγδ = 1

Solving
∴b = −4 ; ∴ a = 6 and b = −4 .

25. (a) D ≡ b 2 − 4 ac = (−a − c) 2 − 4 ac (∵ a + b + c = 0 )

= (a + c) 2 − 4 ac = (a − c) 2 ≥ 0

Hence roots are rational.

26. (c) We have 4 ax 2 + 3 bx + 2 c = 0 Let roots are α and β

Let D = B 2 − 4 AC = 9 b 2 − 4 (4 a)(2 c) = 9 b 2 − 32 ac

Given that, (a + b + c) = 0 ⇒ b = −(a + c)

Putting this value, we get

= 9(a + c) 2 − 32 ac = 9(a − c) 2 + 4 ac .

Hence roots are real.

27. (c) Given equation (cos p − 1)x 2 + (cos p )x + sin p = 0

Its discriminant D≥0 since roots are real

⇒ cos 2 p − 4 (cos p − 1) sin p ≥ 0

⇒ cos 2 p − 4 cos p sin p + 4 sin p ≥ 0

⇒ (cos p − 2 sin p ) 2 − 4 sin 2 p + 4 sin p ≥ 0

⇒ (cos p − 2 sin p ) 2 + 4 sin p(1 − sin p ) ≥ 0 …..(i)

Now (1 − sin p ) ≥ 0 for all real p, sin p > 0 for 0 < p < π . Therefore 4 sin p(1 − sin p) ≥ 0 when
0 < p <π or p ∈ (0, π )

28. (d) Accordingly, {2(ac + bd )} 2 = 4 (a 2 + b 2 )(c 2 + d 2 )

⇒ 4a 2 c 2 + 4b 2 d 2 + 8abcd = 4a 2 c 2 + 4a 2 d 2 + 4b 2 c 2 + 4b 2 d 2

⇒ 4a 2 d 2 + 4b 2 c 2 − 8abcd = 0 ⇒ 4(ad − bc)2 = 0

⇒ ad = bc ⇒
a c
= .
b d

29. (d) x 2 + 2bx + c = (x + b ) 2 + c − b 2

∵ (x + b ) 2 is a perfect square, therefore the given expression is positive if c − b 2 > 0 or b 2 < c .

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30. (b) Equations px 2 + 2 qx + r = 0 and

qx 2 − 2( pr )x + q = 0 have real roots, then from first 4 q 2 − 4 pr ≥ 0 ⇒ q 2 − pr ≥ 0 ⇒ q 2 ≥ pr .....(i)

And from second 4 ( pr ) − 4 q 2 ≥ 0 (for real root)

⇒ pr ≥ q 2 .....(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get result q 2 = pr .

31. (b) Given equation is (l − m )x 2 − 5(l + m )x − 2(l − m ) = 0

Its discriminant D = 25 (l + m ) 2 + 8 (l − m ) 2

Which is positive, since l, m , n are real and l≠m.

Hence roots are real and distinct.

32. (d) Roots are non real if discriminant < 0
25
i.e. if 5 2 − 4 .1 k < 0 i.e. if 4 k > 25 i.e. if k>
4

Hence, the required least integer k is 7.

33. (a) According to question,
4 (a 2 − bc ) 2 − 4 (c 2 − ab )(b 2 − ac) = 0

⇒ a(a 3 + b 3 + c 3 − 3 abc ) = 0

⇒ a = 0 or a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 3 abc

34. (b) B 2 − 4 AC > 0 ⇒ 0 − 4 ab > 0 ⇒ ab < 0 .

35. (b) Let f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c . Then f (0 ) = c . Thus the graph of y = f (x ) meets y-axis at (0, c).
If c>0 , then by hypothesis f (x ) > 0 This means that the curve y = f (x ) does not meet x-axis.
If c<0, then by hypothesis f (x ) < 0 , which means that the curve y = f (x ) is always below x-axis
and so it does not intersect with x-axis. Thus in both cases y = f (x ) does not intersect with
x-axis i.e. f (x ) ≠ 0 for any real x. Hence f (x ) = 0 i.e. ax 2 + bx + c = 0 has imaginary roots and
so b 2 < 4 ac .
36. (a) Given equation (1 + 2k )x 2 + (1 − 2k )x + (1 − 2k ) = 0

If equation is a perfect square then roots are equal

i.e., (1 − 2 k )2 − 4 (1 + 2 k ) (1 − 2 k ) = 0

1 −3
i.e., k= , . Hence total number of values = 2.
2 10

37. (c) For real roots, discriminant ≥0

⇒ q2 − 4 p ≥ 0 ⇒ q2 ≥ 4 p

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For p = 1, q 2 ≥ 4 ⇒ q = 2,3,4

p = 2, q 2 ≥ 8 ⇒ q = 3, 4

p = 3, q 2 ≥ 12 ⇒ q = 4

p = 4 , q 2 ≥ 16 ⇒ q = 4

Total seven solutions are possible.

38. (b) Since the roots x 2 − 8 x + a 2 − 6a = 0 are real.
∴ 64 − 4 (a 2 − 6 a) ≥ 0 Or a 2 − 6 a − 16 ≤ 0

⇒ a ∈ [−2,8 ]

1
39. (a) Let α be a root of first equation, and then be a root of second equation.
α

1 1
Therefore aα 2 + b α + c = 0 and a' + b′ + c′ = 0 or c′α 2 + b′α + a′ = 0
α 2
α

α2 α 1
Hence = =
b a ′ − b ′c cc ′ − aa ′ ab − b c ′
′

(cc '−aa' ) 2 = (ba '−cb ' )(ab '−bc ' ) .

40. (a) Given equation 4 x2 + 3x + 7 = 0 , therefore

3 7
α+β =− and αβ =
4 4

1 1 α + β −3 / 4 −3 4 3
Now + = = = × =− .
α β αβ 7/4 4 7 7

41. (b) α , β are the roots of Ax 2 + Bx + C = 0 .

B C
So, α+β =− and αβ =
A A

Again α 2,β 2 are the roots of x 2 + px + q = 0 then

α 2 + β 2 = −p and (αβ )2 = q

Now α 2 + β 2 = (α + β ) 2 − 2αβ

2
 B
⇒ α 2 + β 2 = −  −2
C
 A A

B 2 − 2 AC 2 AC − B 2
⇒ −p= ⇒p=
A2 A2

42. (c) Given equation x 2 − a( x + 1) − b = 0

⇒ x 2 − ax − a − b = 0 ⇒ α + β = a, αβ = −(a + b )

Now (α + 1)(β + 1) = αβ + α + β + 1

= −(a + b ) + a + 1 = 1 − b

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1 1 (α + β ) 2 − 2αβ
43. (c) As given, if α, β be the roots of the quadratic equation, then α+β = + =
α 2
β 2
α 2β 2

b (b 2 / a 2 ) − (2c / a) b 2 − 2ac
⇒ − = =
a (c 2 / a 2 ) c2

2 a b 2 b (ab 2 + bc 2 )
⇒ = 2 + =
c c a ac 2

⇒ 2 a 2 c = ab 2 + bc 2 ⇒
2a b c
= +
b c a

⇒ c a b
, , are in A.P. ⇒ a b c
, , are in H.P.
a b c c a b

44. (a) Let roots are α and α , then α + α = −2m ⇒ α = −m

and α .α = m 2 − 2m + 6 ⇒ m 2 = m 2 − 2m + 6

⇒ m =3.

45. (c) Let α and β be two roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0

b c
Then α+β =− and αβ =
a a

b2
⇒ α 2 + β 2 = (α + β ) 2 − 2αβ = 2
−2
c
a a

So under condition α + β = a2 + β 2

b b 2 − 2 ac
⇒ − = ⇒ b (a + b ) = 2 ac .
a a2

46. (a) As given, α + β = − p, αβ = 1, γ + δ = −q and γδ = 1

Now, (α − γ )(β − γ )(α + δ )(β + δ )

= {αβ − γ (α + β ) + γ 2 }{αβ + δ (α + β ) + δ 2 }

= (1 + p γ + γ 2 )(1 − p δ + δ 2 ) = ( p γ − q γ )(− p δ − q δ ) (Since γ is a root of x 2 + qx + 1 = 0 )

⇒ γ 2 + q γ + 1 = 0 ⇒ γ 2 + 1 = −q γ and similarly δ 2 + 1 = −q δ = −γδ ( p − q )( p + q ) = q 2 − p 2 .

47. (a) Since 2+i 3 is a root, therefore 2−i 3 will be other root. Now sum of the roots = 4 = −p and
product of roots =7 =q . Hence ( p, q ) = (−4 ,7) .

48. (c) α, β are roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0

⇒ α+β =−
b
and αβ =
c
a a

Let the roots of cx 2 + bx + a = 0 be α ′, β ′ , then

b a
α′ + β ′ = − and α ′β ′ =
c c

α + β −b / a −b
but = = ⇒1+1 = α′ + β ′
αβ c/a c α β

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1 1
Hence α′ = and β′ = .
α β

49. (a) If α, β are the roots, then

α+β
A= ⇒α + β = 2A and G = αβ ⇒ αβ = G 2
2

The required equation is t 2 − 2 At + G 2 = 0 .

50. (c) Let α, β are roots of x 2 + px + q = 0

So α + β = −p and αβ = q

Given that (α + β ) = 3(α − β ) = − p ⇒ α − β = −p

3

Now (α − β ) 2 = (α + β ) 2 − 4αβ

p2
⇒ = p 2 − 4 q or 2 p 2 = 9 q .
9

51. (b) It is obviously 24.

52. (c) According to condition
2m − 1 1
= −1 ⇒ 3 m = 1 ⇒ m =
m 3

53. (b) Given equation can be written as

x 2 + x ( p + q − 2r) + pq − pr − qr = 0 .....(i)
Whose roots are α and −α , then the product of roots
− α 2 = pq − pr − qr = pq − r( p + q ) .....(ii)
p+q
And sum 0 = p + q − 2r ⇒ r = .....(iii)
2

From (ii) and (iii), we get

− α 2 = pq −
p+q
2
1
{
( p + q ) = − ( p + q ) 2 − 2 pq
2
}
(P 2 + q 2 )
=− .
2

b c
54. (d) α + β =− , αβ =
a a

(b 2 − 2 ac)
and α2 + β2 =
a2

α β α (aα + b ) + β (aβ + b )
Now + =
aβ + b aα + b (aβ + b )(aα + b )

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(b 2 − 2ac)  b
a + b − 
a(α + β ) + b(α + β )
2 2
a2  a
= =
αβa 2 + ab(α + β ) + b 2   2
c  b 
 a + ab  −  + b 2
a  a

b 2 − ac − b 2 − 2 ac 2
= = =− .
a c − ab 2 + ab 2
2
a2c a

55. (b) α , β be the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0

∴α + β = −b / a , αβ = c / a

Roots are α − 1, β − 1

Sum, α + β − 2 = (−b / a) − 2 = −8 / 2 = −4

Product, (α − 1)(β − 1) = αβ − (α + β ) + 1 = c /a + b /a +1 = 1

∵ New equation is 2x 2 + 8 x + 2 = 0

∴b /a = 2 i.e. b = 2a , also c + b = 0 ⇒ b = −c .
56. (c) Let α, β be the roots of x 2 + bx + c = 0 and α', β ' be the roots of x 2 + qx + r = 0 .
Then α + β = −b , αβ = c, α '+ β ' = −q , α ' β ' = r

α α' α + β α '+ β '

It is given that = ⇒ =
β β' α − β α '− β '

(α + β ) 2 (α '+ β ' ) 2 b2 q2
⇒ = ⇒ =
(α − β ) 2
(α '− β ' ) 2
b − 4c
2
q − 4r
2

⇒ b 2r = q 2c

57. (b) If the roots of equation ax 2 + 2 bx + c = 0 are in the ratio m : n, Then we have
mn (2b ) 2 = (m + n) 2 ac .....(i)
Also if the roots of the equation px 2 + 2 qx + r = 0 are also in the same ratio m :n, then

mn (2 q ) 2 = (m + n) 2 pr .....(ii)
b2 (ac) b2 q2
Dividing (i) and (ii), we get = or = .
q2 ( pr ) ac pr

58. (c) Let the roots be α and β ⇒ α + β = −p , αβ = q

Given, α + β =α2 + β2

But α + β = (α + β ) 2 − 2αβ ⇒ − p = (− p )2 − 2 q

⇒ p 2 − 2q = − p ⇒ p 2 + p = 2q .

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59. (a) Let r be the common ratio of the G.P. α, β, γ, δ then β = α r, γ = α r 2 and δ = α r 3

∴α + β = 1 ⇒ α + α r = 1 ⇒ α (1 + r) = 1 …..(i)

αβ = p ⇒ α (αr) = p ⇒ α 2 r = p …..(ii)

γ + δ = 4 ⇒ αr 2 + αr 3 = 4 ⇒ α r 2 (1 + r) = 4 …..(iii)

and γδ = q ⇒ αr 2 .αr 3 = q ⇒ α 2r5 = q …..(iv)

⇒ (p, q) = (– 2, – 32).

60. (c) (α − β ) 2 = (α + β ) 2 − 4αβ = (b 2 − 4 ac) / a 2 ......(i)

Also {(α − k ) − (β − k )}2
= {(α − k ) + (β − k )}2 − 4 (α − k )(β − k )

= (− B / A) 2 − 4 (C / A) = (B 2 − 4 AC ) / A 2 .....(ii)
From (i) and (ii), (b 2 − 4 ac) / a 2 = (B 2 − 4 AC ) / A 2

2
b 2 − 4 AC  A
∴ = 
b 2 − 4 ac a

61. (c) Given equation is 9x 2 + 6x + 1 = 0

−6 −2
⇒α + β = = and αβ = 1 / 9
9 3

4 1
∴ α − β = (α + β ) 2 − 4αβ = − 4. = 0
9 9

−1 −1
⇒α = ,β =
3 3

∴ Equation x 2 − (α + β )x + αβ = 0

⇒ x 2 + 6x + 9 = 0 .
62. (a) p + q = −p and pq = q ⇒ p = 1

and q = −2 .

63. (d) (α 2 + β 2 ) 2 = (α + β ) (α 3 + β 3 )

2
 b 2 − 2 ac   
 =  − b   − b + 3 abc 
2

 a 2   a   a 3 
  

⇒ 4 a 2 c 2 = acb 2 ⇒ ac (b 2 − 4 ac ) = 0

As a ≠ 0 ⇒ c∆ = 0

64. (d) 1 − i is a root of the equation so x =1−i

⇒ ( x − 1) = −i ⇒ ( x − 1)2 = (−i)2 ⇒ x 2 − 2 x + 2 = 0

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By comparison, a = 2, b = 2.
65. (d) Here, α + β = −2 and αβ = 4

1 1 α3 + β3 (α + β ) 3 − 3αβ (α + β )
∴ + = =
α3 β3 (αβ ) 3 (αβ ) 3

(−2)3 − 3(−2)(4 )
= = 16 =
1
.
(4 )3 64 4

66. (d) Roots of given equation x 2 − px + q = 0 is a and b

i.e., a+b = p ……(i) and ab = q ……(ii)

1 1 a+b p
Then + = = .
a b ab q

67. (c) Note that for t ∈ R, t 2 x 2 + | x | + 9 ≥ 9 and hence the given equation cannot have real roots.
−b c
68. (d) We have α+β = and αβ =
a a

b
Now sum of the roots = 2 +α + 2 + β = 4 −
a

And product of the roots = (2 + α )(2 + β )

c 2b 4 a + c − 2b
=4+ − =
a a a

Hence the required equation is

 b  4a + c - 2b
x2 - x  4 -  + =0
 a a

⇒ ax 2 − x (4 a − b ) + 4 a + c − 2b = 0

⇒ ax 2 + x (b − 4 a) + 4 a − 2b + c = 0 .

69. (d) Let root of the given equation x 2 + px + q = 0 are α and α2 .

Now, α .α 2 = α 3 = q, α + α 2 = − p

Cubing both sides, α 3 + (α 2 )3 + 3α .α 2 (α + α 2 ) = − p 3

q + q 2 + 3 q(− p) = − p 3

p 3 + q 2 + q(1 − 3 p ) = 0 .
70. (b) Let the two number is x1 and x2

x1 + x 2
=9 and x 1 x 2 = 16
2

x 1 + x 2 = 18 and x 1 x 2 = 16

Equation x 2 − (Sum of roots) x + Product of roots = 0

Required equation x 2 − 18 x + 16 = 0 .
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71. (d) α 2 − 5α + 3 = 0 …..(i)

β 2 − 5β + 3 = 0 …..(ii)

From (i) – (ii),

⇒ (α 2 − β 2 ) − 5α + 5 β = 0

⇒ α 2 − β 2 = 5(α − β ) ⇒ α + β = 5

From (i) + (ii),

⇒ (α 2 + β 2 ) − 5(α + β ) + 6 = 0

⇒ (α 2 + β 2 ) − 5 . 5 + 6 = 0 ⇒ α 2 + β 2 = 19

Then (α + β ) 2 = α 2 + β 2 + 2αβ

⇒ 25 = 19 + 2αβ ⇒ αβ = 3

α β
Then the equation, whose roots are and , is
β α

α β  α β
x 2 − x  +  + . = 0
β α  β α

α 2 + β 2 
⇒ x 2 − x  +1 = 0

 αβ 

⇒ x 2 − x.
19
+1 = 0 ⇒ 3 x 2 − 19 x + 3 = 0 .
3

− a ± a2 − 4b
72. (a) Let α1 , β1 are the roots of the eqn x 2 + ax + b = 0 ⇒ x =
2

− a + a 2 − 4b − a − a 2 − 4b
⇒ α1 = , β1 =
2 2

And α2, β2 are the roots of the equation x 2 + bx + a = 0

− b + b 2 − 4a − b − b2 − 4a
So, α2 = , β2 =
2 2

Now α 1 − β1 = a 2 − 4 b ; α2 − β2 = b 2 − 4 a

Given, α1 − β1 = α 2 − β 2 ⇒ a 2 − 4b = b 2 − 4 a

⇒ a 2 − b 2 = − 4 (a − b) ⇒ a + b + 4 = 0 .

73. (c) Equation x 2 + kx − 24 = 0 has one root is 3.

⇒ 3 2 − 3 k − 24 = 0 ⇒ k = 5

Put x =3 and k =5 in options, only (c) gives the correct answer.

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74. (a) x , y, z ∈ R and distinct.

Now, u = x 2 + 4 y 2 + 9 z 2 − 6 yz − 3 zx − 2 xy

1
= (2 x 2 + 8 y 2 + 18 z 2 − 12 yz − 6 zx − 4 xy )
2

=
2
{
1 2
x − 4 xy + 4 y 2 ) + (x 2 − 6 zx + 9 z 2 ) + (4 y 2 − 12 yz + 9 z 2 ) }

=
1
2
{
( x − 2 y ) 2 + ( x − 3 z ) 2 + (2 y − 3 z ) 2 }
Since it is sum of squares. So u is always non- negative
75. (c) Let the common root be y. Then y 2 + py + q = 0 and y2 +α y + β = 0

On solving by cross multiplication, we have

y2 y 1
= =
pβ − qα q − β α − p

q−β y2 pβ − qα
∴ y= and =y=
α−p y q−β

76. (d) x 2 − 3x + 2 be factor of x 4 − px 2 + q = 0

Hence ( x 2 − 3 x + 2) = 0 ⇒ ( x − 2)(x − 1) = 0

⇒ x = 2, 1, Putting these values in given equation

So 4 p − q − 16 = 0 .....(i)
And p − q −1 = 0 .....(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get (p, q)=(5, 4)
77. (c) Let roots of x 2 − cx + d = 0 be α, β then roots of x 2 − ax + b = 0 be α,α

∴ α + β = c, αβ = d , α + α = a, α 2 = b

Hence 2(b + d ) = 2(α 2 + αβ ) = 2α (α + β ) = ac

78. (b) If the given expression be y, then y = 2 x 2 y + (3 y − 1)x + (6 y − 2) = 0

If y ≠ 0 then ∆ ≥ 0 for real x i.e. B 2 − 4 AC ≥ 0

Or – 39 y 2 + 10 y + 1 ≥ 0 or (13 y + 1)(3 y − 1) ≤ 0

⇒ −1 / 13 ≤ y ≤ 1 / 3

If y=0 then x = −2 which is real and this value of y is included in the above range
(x − a)(x − b)
79. (d) Let y=
( x − c)

Or y( x − c) = x 2 − (a + b )x + ab

Or x 2 − (a + b + y )x + ab + cy = 0

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∆ = (a + b + y ) 2 − 4 (ab + cy )

= y 2 + 2 y (a + b − 2 c) + (a − b ) 2

Since x is real and y assumes all real values, we must have ∆ ≥ 0 for all real values of y. The
sign of a quadratic in y is same as of first term provided its discriminant B 2 − 4 AC < 0

This will be so if 4 (a + b − 2c) 2 − 4 (a − b ) 2 < 0

Or 4 (a + b − 2 c + a − b )(a + b − 2 c − a + b ) < 0

Or 16 (a − c)(b − c) < 0 or 16 (c − a)(c − b ) = − ve

∴ c lies between a and b i.e., a<c<b .....(i)

Where a<b , but if b < a then the above condition will be b < c < a or a > c > b .....(ii)
Hence from (i) and (ii) we observe that (d) is correct answer.
80. (d) Let f ( x ) = a n x n + a n −1 x n −1 + .... + a1 x ;
f (0 ) = 0 ; f (α ) = 0

⇒ f ′( x ) = 0 , has atleast one root between (0, α )

i.e., equation na n x n −1 + (n − 1)a n −1 x n − 2 + .... + a1 = 0

Has a positive root smaller than α .

81. (b) Here D = b 2 − 4c > 0 because c < 0 < b. So roots are real and unequal.
Now, α + β = −b < 0 and αβ = c < 0

∴ One root is positive and the other negative, the negative root being numerically bigger.
As α < β ,α is the negative root while β is the positive root. So, | α | > β and α < 0 < β .
x 2 + 14 x + 9
82. (a) Let y=
x 2 + 2x + 3

⇒ y(x 2 + 2 x + 3) − x 2 − 14 x − 9 = 0

⇒ (y − 1)x 2 + (2 y − 14 )x + 3 y − 9 = 0

For real x, its discriminant ≥0

i.e. 4 (y − 7 ) 2 − 4 (y − 1)3(y − 3) ≥ 0

⇒ y 2 + y − 20 ≤ 0 or (y − 4 )(y + 5 ) ≤ 0

Now, the product of two factors is negative if these are of opposite signs. So following
two cases arise:
Case I: y − 4 ≥ 0 or y ≥ 4 and y+5 ≤0 or y ≤ −5

This is not possible.

Case II: y−4 ≤0 or y≤4 and y+5 ≥0 or y ≥ −5 Both of these are satisfied if −5 ≤ y ≤ 4

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83. (d) Subtracting, we get 2hx = 56 or hx = 28

Putting in any, x 2 = 49

2
∴  28  = 7 2 ⇒ h = 4 (h > 0 )
 h 

84. (a) Given equation is x 2 − 2 ax + a 2 + a − 3 = 0

If roots are real, then D≥0

⇒ 4 a 2 − 4 (a 2 + a − 3) ≥ 0 ⇒ − a + 3 ≥ 0

⇒ a−3 ≤0 ⇒ a≤ 3

As roots are less than 3, hence f (3) > 0

9 − 6a + a 2 + a − 3 > 0 ⇒ a 2 − 5a + 6 > 0

⇒ (a − 2)(a − 3) > 0 ⇒ either a<2 or a>3

Hence a<2 satisfy all.

85. (d) The equation is x 2 − (a + b ) x + ab − 1 = 0

∴ discriminant = (a + b)2 − 4(ab − 1) = (b − a)2 + 4 > 0

∴ Both roots are real. Let them be α, β where

(a + b ) − (b − a) 2 + 4 (a + b) + (b − a)2 + 4
α= , β=
2 2

(a + b ) − (b − a) 2 (a + b ) − (b − a)
Clearly, α< = =a
2 2

(∵ b > a)

(a + b) + (b − a)2 a+b +b −a
And β> = =b
2 2

Hence, one root α is less than a and the other root β is greater than b.
86. (d) Let P(x ) = bx 2 + ax + c

As P(0 ) = 0 ⇒ c = 0

As P(1) = 1 ⇒ a + b = 1

P(x ) = ax + (1 − a)x 2

Now P ′( x ) = a + 2(1 − a)x

As P ′( x ) > 0 for x ∈ (0, 1)

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Only option (d) satisfies above condition

2
 3 3
87. (a) x 2 − 3x + 3 =  x −  +
 2 4

3  3
Therefore, smallest value is , which lie in  − 3, 
4  2

88. (b) Let f (x ) = x 5 − 6 x 2 − 4 x + 5 = 0

Then the number of change of sign in f (x ) is 2 therefore f (x ) can have at most two positive
real roots.
Now, f (− x ) = − x 5 − 6 x 4 + 4 x + 5 = 0

Then the number of change of sign is 1.

Hence f (x ) can have at most one negative real root. So that total possible number of real roots is 3.
89. (d) Given equation ( pq ) x 2 − ( p + q )2 x + ( p + q)2 = 0

p +q p +q
Let solution set is  , 
 p q 

( p + q)2 p + q p + q ( p + q)2
Sum of roots = ⇒ + =
pq p q pq

( p + q)2
Similarly, product of roots =
pq

p + q p + q ( p + q)2
⇒ × = .
p q pq

90. (b) Given , x + 2 > x + 4 ⇒ ( x + 2)2 > ( x + 4 )

⇒ x 2 + 4 x + 4 > x + 4 ⇒ x 2 + 3x > 0

⇒ x (x + 3) > 0 ⇒ x < – 3 or x > 0 ⇒x >0 .

91. (b) Given equation x 3 − 3x 2 + x + 5 = 0 .

Then α + β + γ = 3 , αβ + βγ + γα = 1 , αβγ = −5

y = Σα 2 + αβγ = (α + β + γ ) 2 − 2 (αβ + βγ + γα ) + αβγ

= 9 −2−5 = 2

∴ y=2

It satisfies the equation y3 − y2 − y − 2 = 0 .

92. (d) Let y = x2 . Then x = y

∴ x 3 + 8 = 0 ⇒ y3/2 + 8 = 0

⇒ y 3 = 64 ⇒ y 3 − 64 = 0

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Thus the equation having roots α 2,β 2 and γ 2 is x 3 − 64 = 0 .

93. (a) According to given condition,

4 a 2 − 4 (10 − 3 a) < 0 ⇒ a 2 + 3 a − 10 < 0
⇒ (a + 5)(a − 2) < 0 ⇒ −5 < a < 2 .

94. (c) If α, β, γ are the roots of the equation.

x 3 − px 2 + qx − r = 0

p2 + q
∴ (α + β ) −1 + (β + γ ) −1 + (γ + α ) −1 =
pq − r

Given, p = 0, q = 4 , r = −1

p2 + q 0 + 4
⇒ = =4.
pq − r 0 +1

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