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The Writing Process

This document outlines a session on teaching writing as a process. It discusses: 1. Comparing writing as a product versus a process and identifying the 5 steps of the writing process. 2. The steps are prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing. Various techniques for each step are provided. 3. Assessing student writing using the 6+1 traits model, which evaluates ideas, organization, voice, word choice, sentence fluency, conventions, and presentation. 4. Participants will create a lesson plan applying the writing process to a chosen topic. The goal is to help students develop strong foundational writing skills at a young age.

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Shar Nur Jean
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81 views

The Writing Process

This document outlines a session on teaching writing as a process. It discusses: 1. Comparing writing as a product versus a process and identifying the 5 steps of the writing process. 2. The steps are prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing. Various techniques for each step are provided. 3. Assessing student writing using the 6+1 traits model, which evaluates ideas, organization, voice, word choice, sentence fluency, conventions, and presentation. 4. Participants will create a lesson plan applying the writing process to a chosen topic. The goal is to help students develop strong foundational writing skills at a young age.

Uploaded by

Shar Nur Jean
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRIMALS 4-6

Pedagogical Retooling in Mathematics, Languages,


and Science for Grades 4-6 Teachers

Session 16.0
The writing process

Learning Action Cell Session Guide


English 4-6

Prepared by:

JOAN L. LAGATA
Education Program Supervisor
Legazpi City Division Office
Department of Education – Region V

Objectives of the Session

At the end of the session, teachers should be able to:

1. Compare writing as product with writing as process;


2. Identify the steps in teaching writing through process approach;
3. Use diverse techniques in prewriting, drafting, revising, editing and
publishing; and,
4. Employ the 6+1 traits in assessing written outputs.

Key Understanding or Learning Points

1. There are two major approaches in the writing process: writing as product
and writing as process.
2. The writing process involves five steps: prewriting, drafting, revising, editing
and publishing.
3. The process approach should be adopted and promoted in the teaching of
writing.
4. The 6+1 traits represent the characteristics of high quality writing and
provide the guidelines for assessing writing. In the order of importance, they
include ideas, organization, voice, word choice, sentence fluency,
conventions, and presentation.

Materials Needed Approximate Duration

 PowerPoint presentation 1.5 hours / 90 minutes


 LAC Session Video of Alice M.
Karaan
References
PRIMALS English Chief Trainers’ Session Guide
BEST Teacher Resource Package in Grades 4-6 English
Willa Cather

Introduction

“Good ______ everyone. Today, we are all set to engage in a thorough


discussion about how the writing process should be taught, and how we can most
effectively assess our learners’ written outputs. Specifically, we shall focus on
achieving the following objectives for the next two hours (Slide 2):
1. compare writing as product with writing as process;
2. identify the steps in teaching writing through process approach;
3. use diverse techniques in prewriting, drafting, revising, editing and
publishing, and
4. employ the 6+1 traits in assessing written outputs.

2
ACTIVITY (15 minutes)

Through a Think-Pair-Share activity, have the participants recall their practices in


teaching composition writing. Let them answer the follow questions:
1. How do you teach composition writing?
2. What particular approach do you employ?

Call on 4-5 participants to share their answers to the whole group.

ANALYSIS (15 minutes)

“Based on the sharing of some participants, let us discuss the approaches


used by teachers in teaching writing.

1. What are the two main approaches to writing?


(Expected response: Writing as product, writing as process)

2. What are their primary differences?


(Expected response:)
Writing as product Writing as process
Objective: production of a piece Focus: steps in composing a piece
of writing
Follows a linear sequence Writing is recursive
Gives more importance to organization

(Show Slide 3)

3. Why should the process approach be given priority in teaching writing?

ABSTRACTION (1 hour and 10 minutes)

Discussion A

“Now that we have agreed that the process approach should be promoted in
teaching writing, we are ready to view the discussion of Alice Karaan about the five
steps in the writing process, together with various techniques in accomplishing
each step.”

Viewing #1. Steps in the Writing Process (Segment 1)


Resource Person: Alice Karaan, PRIMALS 4-6 National Training of
Trainers

Slide 4: Steps in the writing process

3
Slide 5: Prewriting Stage
1. Choosing a topic to explore
2. Narrowing down the topic
3. Generating ideas

Slide 6: Techniques in prewriting stage


1. Brainstorming
2. Exploring diary and journal entries
3. 5 W’s
4. Reading
5. Reflecting and remembering
6. Observing nature and people
7. Graphic organizers
8. Clustering

Slide 7: Drafting Stage


1. Putting ideas down on paper
2. Risk-free exploration of topic
3. Emphasis: Content
4. One or more drafts

Slide 8: Drafting techniques


1. Use of prewrites
2. Quick writes
3. Free writing
4. Looping
5. Responding to stimuli

Slide 9: Revising Stage


1. Making changes based on feedback
2. Involves self-check, peer correction, and teacher conferencing

4
Slide 10: Revising techniques
1. Addition of needed points
2. Deletion of unnecessary/ irrelevant information
3. Rearrangement of sentences
4. Rewriting of ambiguous parts

Slide 11: Revising Guide Questions


1. Is the piece interesting to read?
2. Are the purpose and audience clear?
3. Does the opening sentence hook the reader?
4. Are the ideas clearly expressed and logically arranged?

Slide 12: Revising Guide Questions


1. Are the sentences and paragraph easy to understand and follow?
2. Are there enough ideas, examples, or supporting details?
3. Does the piece end in a satisfying manner?
4. Does the writer achieve the purpose of the writing task?

Slide 13: Revising Checklist


Name: ______________________ Grade:___________________
Writing Task:_________________ Yes No Suggestions/Problems

1. The piece is interesting to read.


2. The purpose and audience are
clear.
3. Etc.

Slide 14: Editing Stage


1. Polishing
2. Proofreading for writing mechanics/ conventions

Slide 15: Publishing Stage


Sharing of the piece of writing via:
a. Displaying on the bulletin board
b. Reading aloud with three (3) specific compliments and a wish
c. Author’s chair

Viewing #2. Steps in the Writing Process (Segment 2)


Resource Person: Alice Karaan, PRIMALS 4-6 National Training of
Trainers

Discussion B

“After that extensive discussion on the steps and techniques in the writing
process, how do you now assess the learners’ outputs? Let us get familiar with the
6+1 traits of writing.”

Slide 16: Illustration (6+1 traits of writing)

“You are given an illustration of the 6+1 traits of writing, as arranged in their

5
order of importance: ideas, organization, voice, word choice, sentence fluency,
conventions, and presentation.”

Slide 17: Questions the traits answer


“Teachers should direct the learners to the questions that the traits answer,
to ensure that their written outputs are written well.”
1. Ideas: What do you want to say?
2. Organization: How do you want to present your ideas?
3. Voice: What emotions do you want to express?
4. Word Choice: Are your words descriptive and purposeful?

Slide 18: Questions the traits answer


1. Sentence fluency: Do your words flow when read?
2. Conventions: Did you check your spelling, punctuation, grammar,
capitalization and paragraphing?
3. Presentation: Is the appearance of your work attractive?

Slide 19: The Idea Trait


1. choice of topic
2. focus
3. elaboration or details

Slide 20: The Organization Trait


1. Structure of a piece of writing
2. Attractive lead and effective conclusion
3. Use of transition words

Slide 21: The Voice Trait


1. The way a writer writes that makes writing his own.
2. Establishes a reader-writer connection – how a piece of writing elicits a
reaction from the audience.
3. Distinct and unique to the writer

Slide 22: The Word Choice Trait

6
1. Intentional selection of sensory and precise language
2. Finding the right words to capture the writer’s meaning

Slide 23: Issues Related to Word Choice Trait


1. Misused words
2. Words with unwanted connotations
3. Using a pronoun when readers cannot tell whom or what it refers to
4. Jargon or technical language

Slide 24: The Sentence Fluency Trait


Refers to the smoothness in the flow of sentences:
1. how words and phrases sound together within a sentence
2. how groups of sentences sound when read one after the other

Slide 25: The Conventions Trait


1. Addresses the level of correctness in a piece of writing
2. Concerned with
a. grammar and usage
b. writing mechanics

Slide 26: The Presentation Trait


1. Visual attractiveness and clarity
2. Legible handwriting or neat word processing

Reflection:
1. Why is it important that teachers know the steps in the writing process?
2. What are the advantages of the 6+1 traits of writing as an assessment tool?
3. What other insights did you gain from the two discussions?

APPLICATION (20 minutes)

Participants will craft a lesson sequence (in writing) of a chosen topic using the
writing process. The five steps of the writing process should be covered in the
lesson sequence.

Closure
“Everyone, let us read this line aloud, originally from the author, Willa
Cather. (Slide 27):
Most of the basic material a writer works with is acquired before the age of fifteen.
“This gives us hope, that the learners we teach today will be good writers in the
near future, if only we are able to give them the basic skills they need while still
young.
Thank you!”

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