Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT 2013)

Design and Development of Remote Vehicle Health

Monitoring System using Context Aware Web
Services
R.Ganesan, S.Mydhile
Department of TIFAC-CORE in Pervasive Computing Technologies
Velammal Engineering College
Chennai, India
[email protected], [email protected]

Abstract— Remote vehicle monitoring system keeps track of types and can mould to their behaviors with the changing
vehicle and also monitor the fleet level of the vehicle status. Here contexts dynamically. The challenges with Context aware web
two problems are dealt with. First one is the anywhere any time services are adaptability, behavior and customization [2]. The
monitoring of the vehicle status cannot be done through manual architecture is shown in Fig 1[3].
monitoring and the second one is the system behavior change
according to user changes. The novelty of the proposed approach
is twofold. First our proposal allows the ability to visualise the
real position of vehicles and to take decisions according to real-
time information through web based application. Second we
develop a novel web based approach to model dynamic behaviors
of interacting context-aware web services and aiming to process
effectively. It takes an advantage of contexts change and realize
behavior adaptation of web services and further to facilitate the
development of user interface application of web services. An
advanced self-adapting algorithm is developed that can
automatically detect the changes in a system execution
context and decide how the system should behave according
to the changes in context. The objective of this project is to
provide an adaptive environment which suits the system to
change its behavior depending upon the contexts that ensures the Fig 1. Context Aware Web Service Architecture
challenges of context aware web services. It is an application
development project which is fully related with software. Context aware adaptive web applications which
automatically change their user observable behavior and
Index terms- Context aware web services, Remote monitoring structure according to the execution environment and the
System, Web Application . execution device internally or externally. Adaptive in
context-aware web service can help the system to analyze
I. INTRODUCTION
context situation and share that context with other services. In
A. Web Services order to respond with user intervention changes, a context-
aware web service has to develop for a variety of context types
Web service provides a means to support continuous
and switch their behaviors dynamically with the changing
communication between the system and the user over a
contexts [4].
network. They provide a framework for integration of system,
programming language independent and operating system.
Behavior adaptation in Context Aware services
Web services are widely deployed in current distributed
systems [1].The benefits of Web service include: Behavior adaptation takes in three forms namely service
Interoperability, Usability, Deployability, and Reusability. adaptation depending upon the service of application, content
adaptation that takes place in the data exchanged with the user
B. Context Aware Web Services and UI adaptation view of information [5]. The architecture
diagram for adaptive behavior of user interface is shown in Fig
Context aware refers to the information about the users and
2 [6].The application changes its behavior according to the
their environment that is used by web services to provide them
changes. The system captures the contexts from the
with a customized and personalized behavior. The application
environment and adapts accordingly.
can adapt its changes according to the contexts. Context-aware
web service makes the system to analyze situational context C. Remote Vehicle Health Monitoring System
and sharing the context with other web services. Remote vehicle monitoring system tracks the movement of
In order to respond to change in the context, a context- The earth moving vehicle to ensure that the vehicles are being
aware web service has to accommodate for a variety of context Used properly and they can be recovered in the case of any

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 Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT 2013)
Jong-yi Hong, Eui-ho Suh, Sung-Jin Kim in the paper [4]
which is based on a literature review of context-aware
systems. The classification framework is developed based on
the architecture of context-aware systems, which consists of
the following five layers: concept and research layer, network
layer, middleware layer, application layer and user
infrastructure layer. The articles are categorized based on the
classification framework. It allows researchers to extract
several lessons learned that are important for the
implementation of context-aware systems. The author
proposes a conceptual framework for the integration of the
different contexts.
Fig 2. Adaptive User Interface Architecture T. Krishna Kishore et al (2010) in the paper [8] proposed an
approach that eliminates the transfer of large data through
Damage immediately. It is implemented by designing web GPRS more than once, thus reducing the transfer costs,
based software using the HTML and PHP which will display particularly if more than one client is involved or multiple
all transmitted information to the user along with display of requests to the same data system are needed. The data are
location of vehicle in the browser [7]. stored in the database management system which has a data
Our proposed method is designed with adaptive features acquisition system using GPRS communication.
which adapts according to the user contexts and the adaptive Tudor Cioara et.al. (2010) in the paper [13] proposed a self -
environment. The information is sent to the server system adapting algorithm for the context aware system. The
using GSM/GPRS modem on GSM network using TCP/IP algorithm can automatically detect the changes in the context
connection with server through GPRS and the server system and changes the system behaviour automatically. The author
also in turn has GSM/GPRS modem that receives vehicle described the algorithm in four phases: monitoring phase
location information and stores this information in database follows an RAP model for programmatic paradigm for
which is then fetched by the client machine. This information collecting the raw data of the context. Analysis phase aims at
is available to authorized users of the system via web the evaluation of the system context situations to detect those
application over the internet.It should be capable of accepting context changes. Planning phase follows a technique to
multiple connections at the same time from various devices explore all the possible states of the system changes and select
[8]. the action to be executed as a response to the changes in the
The rest of the paper is organized as follows. In the next context. Execution phase allows the modification of the
section, we present some of the related research works. system behaviour by adapting the actions selected in the
Section III gives the detailed explanation about the overall planning phase.
proposed system architecture. Section IV outlines the software Xiuguo Zhang, Hongbo Liu, Ajith Abraham(2011) in the
flow of the application. Section V explains the detailed paper[5]explore a novel approach method to model the
description about the system. Section VI discusses the dynamic behaviors of context-aware web services interacting,
implementation of our work. Section VII shows the results. aiming to effectively process and take advantage of contexts
Section VIII outlines the conclusion and future work. and realize behavior adaptation of web services and further to
facilitate the development of context-aware application of web
II. RELATED WORK services. The author present an interaction model of context-
aware web services based on Context-aware Process Network
Literatures on the prior research works done by accredited (CAPN) which is a dataflow and channel based model of
scholars and researchers in Web services. It is the summary of cooperative computation.
all related study material and components required in this Ambade Shruti Dinkar and S.A sheikh in the paper [10]
research. All ideas and concepts yield are to be implemented achieve an automatic Vehicle Location system that can
on the research. Challenges and solution proposed by transmit the location information in real time dynamically.
researchers are listed below. Active systems are developed but the location information
Stephen Tean So Thong et.al (2007)[9] designed an intelligent retrieval founds to be difficult. Real time vehicular tracking
fleet management system which incorporates the power of system incorporates a hardware device installed in the vehicle
concurrent Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global (In-Vehicle Unit) and a remote Tracking server for
System for Mobile Communications (GSM) real-time communicating with the users. The information is transmitted
positioning. The author also proposed front-end intelligent and to Tracking server using GSM/GPRS modem on GSM
web-based management software In contrast to systems which network by using SMS or using direct TCP/IP connection with
depend solely on GPS positioning and he proposes a system Tracking server through GPRS. Tracking server also has
that provides higher positioning accuracy and is capable to GSM/GPRS modem that receives vehicle location information
track the target at areas where GPS signals are weak or via GSM network and stores this information in database. This
unavailable. Information is available to authorized end users of the system

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 Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT 2013)

via website browser over the internet. consists of IMEI number of the vehicle, Latitude, Longitude,
Date, time [11].
Before accepting the data the network is initialized and
III. SYSTEM OVERVIEW server is checked for connection availability. When a user
wants to track the device logs into the website and gets the real
A. Architecture Diagram dynamic position of the device on Google Map. A custom
The remote monitoring system allows the storing of report is also generated by the system which includes a
vehicle’s location information in particular time interval which detailed description of the vehicles status which is shown in
transmits vehicle’s location and other information to the the Fig 4.
monitoring station/Tracking server. The main objective is to
A. Data Conversion
develop a web based system that display all information
received in the tracking server to end user along with The received data from GPS is converted into decimal
displaying location of vehicle on a map. latitude and longitude as shown below
It’s also possible for the Automatic update of the vehicle
positions on the map. Search and shows the historical 2345.3522N = 23.755895
information to find specific activities and events of a vehicle
during a time range. The application can also change its B. Tracking History
system according to the user context change which ensures the In the server side database along with positional
adaptability and deploy ability feature of web services [9].We information the corresponding date and time is also saved
have developed an application that focuses on the design of a .This allows the users to see the history of the previous
service-oriented platform and development of Web based fleet positions of the vehicle after entering into the system for
management information system based on it [10]. comparing the performance by selecting a fixed date and time
interval [12].
Listen to Accept
YES New
YesPosition

NO

Network
Initialized?

YES

Get GPS Data

Wait

NO
Connect to
the Server

YES

Convert data into Decimal

Save data into database

Fig 3. System Design

Disconnect from Server
IV. SOFTWARE DESIGN
A web-based application has been developed to view the Wait
current details about the vehicles. With the help of the Web
application an end user will be able to view the dynamic
position and also the previous position by selecting a specific Fig 4. Flow Diagram
date and time in the browser. A PHP file named data. Php is
responsible for accepting data which is sent by the device via C. Tracking Server
GPRS using HTTP protocol methods such as POST. This data The main purpose of tracking server is to monitor and
maintain all information receiving from Vehicles into a central

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 Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT 2013)
database. This database is accessible over internet to valid This phase follows a technique to explore all the
users through a web interface and the valid users can also possible states of the system changes and select the action to
track their vehicle and view all previous information stored in be executed as a response to the changes in the context.
database. This saves the information into database [7]. The
various fleet levels monitored namely Vehicle Location, Total The Execution Phase
fuel used, Fuel level (0–100%), Total engine hours (h), Total The execution phase allows the modification of the
Working Hours, Idle Time and Soil Compaction level. system behavior by adapting the actions selected in the
planning phase [13].
V. FUNCTIONAL MODULES
The following modules used for developing the application. We have designed an advanced self-adapting algorithm which
is an extended of self-adapting algorithm
A. Web application user interface design _________________________________________________
User interface design for the application is designed using Algorithm 1: Advanced self-adapting Algorithm
Hypertext markup language, Java Script and Cascading Style __________________________________________________
sheet where the application has become a user interactive and 1. Begin_MAPE
satisfies user needs. Server side validations are done using //Monitoring Phase
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) to validate the server side 2. Collect the raw data about self and execution
actions. environment
envI=gatherEnvironmentInformation();
B. Communication Interface s = createContextSituation (RAP_model, envI)
Web applications commonly use a combination of server- 3. //Analysis Phase
side script and client-side script for Communicating with the 4. ES =evaluateContextSituationEntropy(s,P)
users as shown in figure 5[13]. The client-side script deals with 5. //Planning Phase
the presentation of the information as front end to the end users 6. Action=
while the server-side script deals with all the hard stuff like 7. If(Es >TE)then
storing and retrieving the information. Both are interfaced 8. SA is the adaptation action plan
using XAMMP Server. 9. s2 = determineEquivClass (P,s, SA )
Web interface must support all its functionality. Web 10. if(s2 in SA)
interface will be accessible over the internet therefore the 11. action=a
access about the vehicles must be restricted to authorized users 12. else
only. It contains the default Apache and Tomcat server for 13. a’= describeActionSequence (P,ES,TE)
further stuff with the browser. 14. action=a’
15. s2’= createNewEquivClass (P.s,a’)
C. Database Connectivity 16. SA=SA+s2’
Database is designed with MySQL which is dynamic to 17. End If
store all received data from the server. According to the user 18. End If
contexts, only the selected information is retrieved from the 19. //Execution Phase
database. 20. executeAction (actionSeq )
21. if Fs1 and Fs2 generate same list of policy evaluation
VI. IMPLEMENTATION values then
22. two system context situations belong to same
A. Self Adapting Algorithm equivalence class
It is a closed loop which contains four main phases for 23. end_MAPE
identifying and adapting the context changes.
VII. RESULTS
The Monitoring Phase Following are the some of the sample screenshots of design
The main goal of this phase is to gather the system and development of remote vehicle monitoring system. It
self and raw data which describes the context in which the provides us how the vehicle is tracked and monitored in the
system evolves to construct the system context situation in a web application. The data is retrieved from the server system
Programmatic way. and viewed in the client machine.
The vehicle is monitored using Google map and tracked
The Analysis Phase dynamically using the remote server. Locations are marked in
The analysis phase aims at the evaluation of the Google map as shown in Fig 5 and the various vehicle fleet
system context situations to detect those context changes and levels is shown using progress bar so that in case of any
to determine the degree of predefined set of policies. emergency alert message can be sent to the vehicle owner.
The Planning Phase

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 Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT 2013)
[8] T. Krishna Kishore et al, ”Vehicle Tracking Using a Reliable
Embedded Data Acquisition System with GPS and GSM”, IJCSNS
International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security,
VOL.10 No.2. 2010.
[9] Stephen Tang So Thong, Chua Tine Han and There Abdul Raman,
”Intelligent Fleet Management System with concurrent GPS and
GSM Real Time positioning technology”,IEEE 2007.
[10] Ambade Shruti Dinkar and S.A Shaikh ,” Design and
Implementation Of Vehicle Tracking System Using GPS”, Journal
of Information Engineering and Applications, ISSN 2224-5758
,Vol. 1, No.3, 2011.
[11] Mariah Omar Alharaki , Fahd Salah Alfieri , Aram M. Saki,”
The Integration of GPS Navigator Device with Vehicles Tracking
System for Rental Cars Firms”, (IJCSIS) International Journal of
Computer Science and Information Security, Vol. 8, No. 6,
September 2010.
[12] Honker Shajadul Hasan, Mashiur Rahman, Abul L. Haque, M
Abdur Rahman, Tanzil Rahman and M Mahbubur Rasheed,” Cost
Effective GPS-GPRS Based Object Tracking System”,
Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and
Fig 5. Snapshot of the Webpage Shows the Live Position Computer Scientists 2009, Vol I ,IMECS 2009, March 18 - 20,
of the Tracking Vehicle by using Google Map 2009.
[13] Tudor Cioara, lonut Anghel, loan Salomie, Mihaela Dinsoreanu,
Georgiana Copil and Daniel Moldovan,”A Self-Adapting
VIII. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK Algorithm for Context Aware Systems”, 9th RoEduNet IEEE
International Conference 2010, pp. 374 -389
In this paper Web services based remote vehicle health
monitoring system is designed and developed for access of
remote vehicle information. The information is received in the
server system through GPRS connection in the TCP/IP port
using HTTP POST method. From server system the client
machine accesses it and viewed in the browser by the end
users. As the vehicle information is tracked along with date
and time it’s easy to find the past history of the vehicle easily.
In the future work adaptive web based application will be
developed to make it adaptable depending upon the type of the
device used and the contexts made by the user input which
makes to be a self-adaptable system.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We take this opportunity to thank Mrs.B.Venkatalashmi,

Head of Department for the guidance and assistance that she
has provided for development of this project without them
would not have happened successfully.

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