International Conference on Computing and Communication Systems (I3CS’15)

What Comes after Web 3.0? Web 4.0 and the Future
Keshab Nath Raja Iswary
Department of Information Technology,Assam Department of Information Technology,Assam
University,Silchar-788011, India University,Silchar-788011, India
E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract— The World Wide Web (WWW) as the largest etc).Web1.0 doesn’t support two-way communications
global information media through which user can share, read, [Fig1], it was purely base on client-pull model (HTTP) that
and writes data through computers connected with can be initiated by client only.
internet.WWW has had much progress since its advent. This
paper provides a brief idea of the evolution of the web from
web1.0 to web4.0.Web1.0 was about connecting and getting
information on the net.Web2.0 was the emergence of social media
and user-generated content.Web3.0 is generally regarded as the
emergence of the semantic web, where computer will generating
and thinking new information rather than humans . Web 4.0 will
be the Internet of things or we may name it as a web of
Fig 1: Web1.0 is a one-way platform [3]
intelligence connections.

Keywords— Web1.0, Web2.0, Web3.0, Web 4.0, Security

Challenges. Technologies used in Web1.0 are HTML, HTTP, URI these
are core web protocols, some newer protocol are also in used
I. INTRODUCTION like XML, XHTML and CSS. In web1.0 both server side and
client side scripting are used such as ASP, PHP, JSP, CGI,
The internet and the web is not synonymous both are two PERL as server side scripting and JavaScript, VBscript, flash
separate but related thing. Internet is simply a network of as client side.
networks where millions of computer are globally connected
forming a network in which any computer can communicate
with any other computer. World Wide Web is a way of III. WEB 2.0 (FROM 2004 TO 2006)
accessing information over the medium of the internet by Web2.0 is known as read-write web [Fig 2]. It is basically
displaying web pages on a browser, information are connected a new way to use existing internet technologies. In web2.0 the
by hyperlinks ,can contains text, graphics, audio, video. web user cannot only read the content but also write, modify
Web1.0 is the first generation of the web, also known as and update the content online, it supports collaboration and
informational web. User only can read and share information help to gather collective intelligence rather web1.0 [2].
over web pages.
Web2.0 is the read write networking platform, where the
user can communicate among each other.
Web3.0 could be define as semantic web, personalization
like my yahoo, iGoogle etc. It changes the web into a language
that can be read and categorized by the system rather than
human.
Web4.0 will be about a linked web which communicates
with us like we communicate with each other.Web4.0 [13] is
called “Symbiotic” web which is very powerful and fully
executing.Web4.0 will be read-write-execution-concurrency
web.
II. WEB 1.0 (FROM 1997 TO 2003) Fig: 2 Web2.0 is a two-way Platform

It’s the origins of web, invented by Tim Berners-Lee and it Web2.0 as the next generation of networking services
represented as read only web where there are small amount of evolved and transferred the network in to a platform by
producer create web pages (interlinked) and a large number of supporting an new idea to exchanges as well as share the
customers access those web pages through browser via content through applications such as wiki, web blogs,widgets
internet. Here user can only read information, user cannot and mashups etc.
interact with the content of the pages (like comment, answers
 International Conference on Computing and Communication Systems (I3CS’15)
A. Web2.0 Security Challenges Nova Spivak from Radar Network believes that web3.0
will be “The Semantic web” which will play a central role in
Today’s web2.0 [6] applications are openly accessible and
the new generation.
dynamically generated, this feature of web2.0 makes more
interesting but it causes bigger security risk. A. Key Elements of Web 3.0
For example User/Hacker may upload content, which can
run code or carry malware to perform some malicious task. Web3.0 is build on the kinds of applications and services
Sometimes hacker may upload software like free anti-virus to that makes it so popular in past few years. Now a days search
social sites like facebook (Now a day’s peoples are too much engines are able to produce much more coplete and targeted
addicted to facebook or other social networking sites and user information,users are even more tightly connected with friends
are blindly click each and every link and every application and and businesses via social media applications , greater ability to
hacker takes the advantage of this stupidness) or any other record and store the information makes web3.0[8][11] more
web sites that is supposed to be virus removal software but precise and helpful for the web users.In this section we present
that instead load a Trojan horse. Hackers may upload harmful some of the key elements that might become the building
code that could include key loggers that capture victims’ blocks of the next generation of the web.
keystrokes- including victims’ credit card information, 1) The Social Web: In past several decades social
password and send them back to hacker. networks has a huge popularity amoung like minded peoples
IV. WEB 3.0 (FROM 2007 TO 2011) and community groups, they share their
feelings,thoughts,ideas using web3.0 technologies instead of
It is more difficult to answer the question “what is linking documents only. Social web are considered as an
web3.0??”, different Internet experts has their different efficient and attractive way of connecting people around the
approaches and opinions to the future web. Major IT experts globe.
consider web3.0[Fig:4] as a semantic web and personalization. 2) The Semantic Web: Semantic web is an evolving
According to Conrad Wolfram web3.0 is where computer extension of the web3.0, that allow people to find the
will generating and thinking new information rather than information much deeper level the meaning of the search
humans. terms and the context in which they are used.The information
are structured in such a way that machines can read it and
understand it as much as humans can,with out ambiguousness.
3) Web 3D: In past few years virtual 3D world such as
Second life[9],Red Light[10] etc have gained huge popularity
in public.Web3D allow people to live in a virtual world as an
avatar on behalf of him and can explore,meet other
residents,participate in individual and/or group activities etc
etc as people do in their real life.All the activities occuring
between avtars are reside in the virtual world only and there is
nothing to do with the real life in real time.
4) The Media Centric Web: According to media centric
web approach ,in near future search engines are able to take
media such as audio,video,image etc as an input element and
be able to search for similar media objects.

Fig : 4 Web3.0(Semantic Web)

For example if we want to search images about cars ,all we
need to provide an car image as an input to the search engine
Google CEO, Eric Schmidt says web3.o will be and based on the features present in that car image, engine
“applications which are pieced together – relatively samll,the should able to retrieve images of cars with similar features.
data are in the cloud and it can be run on any device(pc or
mobile),very fast,very customizable and distributed B. Security and Challenges of Web3.0
virally(social network,email,etc)” In the evolution of the web from web1.0 to web3.0 the
Yahoo founder, Jerry Yang thinks that web3.0 is a various issues related to scalability,security and performance
collection of tools and techniques for creating programs and present in web1.0 and web2.0 are also propagate to web3.0
online application,which blur the distinction between and create a big challenging task for IT expart.Because of the
professional,semi-professional and consumers. Yang stated[8]. huge collaboration of public and private data make web2.0&
“..you don’t have to be a computer scientist to create a web3.0 [12]more interactive and popular among web users
program. We are seeing that manifest in Web2.0 and 3.0 will and as well as for hackers also.
be a great extension of that, a true communal medium...the There is a lack of data standard for controlling over
distinction between professinal , semi-professional and metadata and data privacy.RDF schema(RDFS) and Web
consumers will get blured,creating a network effect of Ontology Language(OWL) used URI(Unified Resource
business and applications” – Jerry Yang[8]. Identifiers) to represent data which can be held in database
 International Conference on Computing and Communication Systems (I3CS’15)
and/or interchanged without specifying any access policy or A. Basic Idea Behind Web4.0
trust bounderies.It make web3.0 vulnerable ,attackers may Web 4.0 based on four main concepts [14] such as
falsify the data intentionally and can create false services. 1) Natural Language Understanding(NLU) Technique:
Data privacy in web3.0 is one of most security issue for the It’s a subtopic of natural language processing in artificial
IT professional.Producers and customers are creating new intelligence that deals with machine reading comprehension.
contents,techniques day by day and publish it for the world for 2) New model of machine to machine(M2M)
anyone.They make deals,share their data and ideas among Communication: The network will consist of intelligent agents
each others. If someone gives you the full control over his in the cloud, be able to communicate among them and
private data(like Online-games,) ,considering you as a trusted delegate the response to the right agent.
and capable of good control of his data.What happen when 3) New model of interface: It is based on simple lists of
you betrayed him,you have the full control of his data so you results, but will use new models of interaction or even execute
can modify and publish it for the world by mistake or specific actions by computing with the mobile terminal
intentionally.Illegal and manipulated forms of the same type capabilities. For example if we make queries such as “I want a
of data will be available on the web,which may create cab to come pick me” and my phone must be capable of to
multiplications of error for anyone. contact nearest Cab Company automatically without direct
V. WEB 4.0(2012-??) user intervention.

It is a bit early to start talking about web4.0, its still an B. Benefits of Web4.0
underground idea in progress. There is no proper definition of The advantages and possibilities open to this new web model
it yet. Computer expert suggests some names like artificial [14] can highlight the following.
intelligence, Webos. Web 4.0 [Fig.4] can also be named as 1) Accessibility: The creation of new patterns of Com-
“Symbiotic” web. The idea being the symbiotic web is that munication with the machine will bring the internet to people
once the metadata are organised (Web3.0) human and machine that complexity does not understand the use of browser and
can interact in symbiosis. It will be able to “Think and make the possibilities that the internet has to offer.
decisions” with regard to user searches and content. It will be 2) Distributed Computer-Based Information Agents:
able to give suggestions based on educated studies of how we Intelligent agents are elements that process information and
live and what we want or need. communicate with them.
3) Improved User Experience Through Personalized
Let’s say someone wanted to learn how to fix glitch Agents: The agent interacts with the user offering customized
crippling in a new piece of technology that was just recently content, try to correct the difference between what we find and
put on the market .It would be too early for other users to help what they found, performed tasks for the user accessing
him to do this, and the developers have not been able to context information and communicating with other intelligent
troubleshoot the problem because it never occurred in the agents in the network to provide the user information would
testing phase of development. So theoretically the future web have to search manually.
technology world allow for a computer to analyze the problem 4) More Efficient Exploitation Of The Semantic Web:
and offer you a solution. In fact, it may be able to fix the The semantic web is an extremely high demand today. The
problem itself. semantic based search engines are tools that are being
implemented in many systems. This demand will generate new
Web4.0 offers a new model of user interaction with the requirements associated with the integration with users. It will
most comprehensive and personalized, not limited simply to require a new type of communication to facilitate the access
display information, but proposes to behave like a intelligent and representation of information.
mirror that concrete solutions to what the user needs.
C. What may comes in future Web
The future generation of web will be the next great phase
of internet, where not only people (Web 1.0& Web 2.0) or
machines (Web3.0) are connected. These objects could
literally be anything from a toaster, to a car, our keys, our
phone, books etc, the list is endless.

Every object is connected by assigning them an IP address,

which provides them with the ability to transfer data over
network. When objects are connected they need to store data
about themselves and/or their environment. As every
connected things will be collecting huge amounts of data on
daily basis, it will be nearly impossible to use traditional
search methods .As technology expert brain profit puts in
Fig.4. Web Evolution from Web1.0-Web4.0
“instead of looking for things in the world, those things will be
 International Conference on Computing and Communication Systems (I3CS’15)
seeking us out to give us all sorts of information that will help cell phones being released. So these kind of information are
us fix, use or buy them”. easily available now a days and no one know where does all
that information go, and who gets to see it?
In the mean time, there are companies already beginning to
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