II-Indonesian Conference On Clinical Pharmacy: Abstract Book

II-Indonesian Conference on Clinical Pharmacy
27-28 October 2016

Bali, Indonesia
ABSTRACT BOOK
Organized by
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran ( http://farmasi.unpad.ac.id ).
Supported by Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Udayana and
School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung.General
information: www.iccp-ofki.com.
Published by
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical & Clinical Research
www.ajpcr.com
ABOUT THE CONFERENCE
Second Indonesian Conference on Clinical Pharmacy (ICCP) is a joint effort of Faculty of Pharmacy,
Universitas Padjadjaran; Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Udayana; and School of Pharmacy,
Institut Teknologi Bandung. Featuring world class speakers from the field of clinical pharmacy and
conducting several parallel workshop sessions, the conference deliberation will be on the following
theme: “Appraising Clinical Pharmacy Excellence, Nourishing Prominent Practice”.
Our targeted participants are graduate and undergraduate students, faculty members, practitioners
from hospitals, community pharmacies and pharmaceutical industries, researchers, government
officials and other health care professionals.
Next to the conference, Olimpiade Farmasi Klinik Indonesia (OFKI) 2016 also will be held at the same
time. All accepted abstracts on this conference will be published in Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical
and Clinical Research (AJPCR). Selected full articles will be published in: (i) AJPCR (a Scopus-indexed
journal), (ii) Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP, a DIKTI-accredited journal) or (iii)
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR).
Proceedings | II-Indonesian Conference on Clinical Pharmacy (27 - 28 Oct 2016) (Organized by: Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran)
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Dr. Keri Lestari, M.Si., Apt. (Chair)
Auliya A. Suwantika, Ph.D., Apt. (Co-chair)
Prof. Dr. Ajeng Diantini, MS, Apt. (Scientific committee)

Rizky Abdulah, Ph.D., Apt. (Scientific committee)
Irma Melyani Puspitasari, Ph.D., Apt. (Scientific committee)
Dr. I Ketut Adnyana, Apt. (Scientific committee)
Desak Ketut Ernawati, Ph.D., Apt. (Scientific committee)
Dr. Eli Halimah, MS, Apt.

Dika Pramita Destiani, M.Farm., Apt.
Rano Kurnia Sinuraya, MKM, Apt.
Arif Satria Wira Kusuma, M.Si., Apt.
Imam Adi Wicaksono, M.Si., Apt.
Norisca Aliza Putriana, M. Farm., Apt.
Vesara Ardhe Gatera, M.Farm., Apt.
Magdarita Riwu, M. Farm., Apt.
Devinna Kang, S. Farm., Apt.
Henry Ng, S. Farm., Apt.
Mentary Sonaya, S. Farm., Apt.
Ishma Fadlina Urfa, S.Si.
PROGRAM RUNDOWN
2ND INDONESIAN CONFERENCE ON CLINICAL PHARMACY
PRAMA SANUR BEACH HOTEL BALI, 27-28 OCTOBER 2016
Date Description Speaker Theme Moderator

27-Oct
08.00-08.20 Registration
08.20-08.30 Chairperson speech Dr. Keri Lestari, M.Si., Apt.
08.30-08.50 Opening speech Prof. Tri Hanggono Ahmad
08.50-09.00 Opening cultural ceremony
09.00-09.30 Keynote speech Prof. Dr. Nila Djuwita F. Moeloek, Sp.M.
09.30-10.15 Panel discussion Kemenkes, IAI, KFN, APTFI, KIFI Credentialing Clinical Pharmacy Practice in Indonesia Dr.rer.nat. I Made A. Gelgel W., M.Si., Apt.
10.15-10.30 Coffee break
10.30-12.00 Plenary session I Prof. Roger Walker Opportunities to Develop Clinical Pharmacy Practice: The Prof. Anas Subarnas, M.Sc., Apt.
Welsh Experience
12.00-13.00
13.00-14.45 Workshop (parallel session) Prof. Kevin Baird Treatment of Tropical Diseases in Asia: Malaria as A Reference Irma Melyani Puspitasari, Ph.D., Apt.
Case
Auliya A. Suwantika, Ph.D., Apt. How to Conduct A Pharmacoeconomic Study? A Modelling Rizky Abdulah, Ph.D., Apt.
Approach
15.00-17.00 Oral presentation session I Room 1 Patient-based Outcome for Use in Clinical Studies dra. Ida Ayu Alit Widhiartini, M.Si., Apt.
Room 2 Patient-reported Outcome and Preference Studies Desak Ketut Ernawati, Ph.D., Apt.
Room 3 Healthcare Policy Ni Made Pitri Susanti, S.Farm., M.Si., Apt.
17.00-18.00 Poster presentation session II
28-Oct
08.00-08.30 Poster presentation session III
08.30-09.30 Plenary session II Prof. Kevin Baird Malaria Distribution, Prevalence, Drug Resistance and Control Prof. Ajeng Diantini, MS, Apt.
in Indonesia
09.30-10.30 Plenary session III Dr. Anne-Frieda Taurel Epidemiological Evidence from A Clinical Trial Study: Lessons Dr. I Ketut Adnyana, Apt.
Learned from Dengue Vaccine
10.45-12.30 Workshop (parallel session) Prof. Roger Walker Developing Clinical Pharmacy Practice Desak Ketut Ernawati, Ph.D., Apt.
Dr. Widyati, M.Clin.Pharm., Apt. Preceptor in Clinical Pharmacy Education Dr. Jutti Levita, M.Si., Apt.
12.30-13.30 Lunch and poster presentation session IV
13.30-15.00 Oral presentation session II Room 1 Pharmacoeconomics Studies Dr. Eli Halimah, M.Si., Apt.
Room 2 Pharmacoepidemiology Studies Luh Putu F. Larasanty, S.Farm., M.Sc., Apt.
Room 3 Translation of clinical studies Dr. Jutti Levita, M.Si., Apt.
15.15-17.15 Invited speaker presentation Dr. Rizka Andalusia, M.Pharm., Apt. Dr.rer.nat. Sophi Damayanti, M.Si., Apt.
session Dr. I Ketut Adnyana, Apt.
Desak Ketut Ernawati, Ph.D., Apt.
Irma Melyani Puspitasari, Ph.D., Apt.
17.15-17.30 Closing speech and ceremony Dr. Keri Lestari, M.Si., Apt.
Vol 9, Issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
Print - 0974-2441
INDEX
S. NO ABSTRACT PAGE NO
1 A STUDY OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEM IN UROLOGIC PATIENTS: A COHORT PROSPECTIVE STUDY 1
ANA K. FAIZAH, RASWITA DINIYA
2 OFF-LABEL DRUG USE IN PEDIATRIC INPATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH NEPHROTIC SYNDROME IN A 2
NATIONAL REFERRAL HOSPITAL: AN INDONESIAN CONTEXT
HESTY U. RAMADANIATI, TALARAN TAMBUNAN, SONDANG KHAIRANI, HAPPY S. ADISTY
3 THE CORRELATION OF AGE AND STATUS OF PATIENT’S COMPLIANCE WITH ANTIHYPERTENSIVE 3
DRUGS (THE STUDY WAS CONDUCTED IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE OF MALANG)
HANANDITIA R. PRAMESTUTIE, DIMAS A. DWI JP, RATNA K. ILLAHI
4 THE COMPARISON OF PARTITION COEFFICIENT BETWEEN THYMOQUINONE AND 2,3,6-TRIMETHYL-5- 4
BROMOBUTYL-1,4-BENZOQUINONE
EFTA TRIASTUTI, NOVARIA HARINDRA, SITI MARIA ULFA, EMA P. YUNITA, VALENTINA YURINA
5 THE COMPARISON OF ANTIBIOTICS USE FOR OUTPATIENTS IN MLATI II PRIMARY HEALTH CARE 5
BETWEEN 2009-2013 AND 2004-2008 USING ATC/DDD METHOD
FARAHDINA CHAIRANI, YOSI FEBRIANTI, ENDANG SULISTYOWATI
6 SERUM CYSTATIN C ROLE IN IDENTIFICATION OF RENAL DYSFUNCTION AMONG ELDERLY CKD 6
PATIENTS
IRFANULLAH KHAN, AMER H. KHAN, AZREEN S. ADNAN, AMJAD KHAN
7 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN OBESITY, HIGH PURINE CONSUMPTIONS, AND MEDICATIONS ON URIC ACID 7
LEVEL IN HYPERURICEMIA PATIENTS WITH ALLOPURINOL (STUDY AT NEPHROLOGY HYPERTENSION
AMBULATORY DR. SAIFUL ANWAR HOSPITAL MALANG)
EMA P. YUNITA, DINAR I. FITRIANA, ATMA GUNAWAN
8 ANTIDIABETICS DRUG USE EVALUATION AND DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPs) IN TYPE DIABETES 8
MELLITUS OUTPATIENTS AT JAKARTA HOSPITAL
SESILIA A. KEBAN, DEVI MULIAWATI
9 HOW FAR REGULATION AND ORGANIZATION PREPARED BY GOVERNMENT IN ACT IMPLEMENTATION 9
HALAL PRODUCT GUARANTEE (JPH ACT) SPECIALLY FOR DRUGS, TRADITIONAL MEDICINES,
COSMETICS AND FOODS
RAHMAT SANTOSO
10 FLAME EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY FOR ANALYSIS OF SODIUM-POTASSIUM IN URINE OF SUBJECT WITH 10
HIGHER SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE AFTER SALT INTERVENTION
MUTAKIN, MUTIARA J. ISKARTAMA, JUTTI LEVITA
11 A HIPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY COMPARISON OF TEN PLANTS’ EXTRACT IN MICE INDUCED GLUCOSE 11
AHMAD MUHTADI, YOLA IRENKA, WULAN CHANDRA AYU, RINI HENDRIANI, ADE ZUHROTUN
12 POTENCY OF DRUGS INTERACTIONS AMONG PSYCHOTROPIC PRESCIPTIONS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY 12
AT LOCAL PHARMACIES IN BANDUNG
ALDIZAL M. R. SYAMSUDIN, DIKA P. DESTIANI
13 ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA TREATMENT COST IN SOETOMO 13
HOSPITAL SURABAYA
IVONNE SOELIONO, SUHARJONO, TARMONO
14 LONG-TERM SAFETY EVALUATION OF TAMARIND PULP (TAMARINDUS INDICA L.) WATER EXTRACT 14
SITI F. RAHMAWATI, IRENE ISKANDAR, FINNA SETIAWAN, LUCY D. N. SASONGKO, I KETUT ADNYANA
15 ROLES OF PALIASA (KLEINHOVIA HOSPITA L.) LEAF EXTRACT ON DOXORUBICIN ACUTE TOXICITY IN 15
RATS
YULIA Y. DJABIR, MUHAMMAD A. ARSYAD, SARTINI, SUBEHAN
16 PHARMACIST PROVIDED COUNSELING IMPROVES MEDICATION ADHERENCE AMONG HYPERTENSIVE 16
PATIENTS
YOSI FEBRIANTI, SAEPUDIN
17 EPITOPE PREDICTION TO DEVELOP LECTIN-LIKE OXIDIZED-LDL RECEPTOR-1 (LOX-1) DNA VACCINE AS 17
ANTI-ATHEROSCLEROSIS PREVENTIVE THERAPY
VALENTINA YURINA
18 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VALUE-ADDED PHARMACY SERVICES AND PATIENT SATISFACTION: A 18
MALAYSIAN EXPERIENCE
ZULFAN ZAZULI, ANUSHAMBIGAI BALASUBRAMANIAM, KUSNANDAR ANGGADIREDJA
19 OPTIMATION OF ETHANOL CONCENTRATION IN EXTRACTION OF EUGENOL FROM GALANGAL RHIZOME 19
ADI YUGATAMA, NUR W. ARDIYATI, IRA YULIANTI
20 PROFILE ASSESSMENT FOR HOSPITAL READMISSION AMONG MALE PATIENTS OF ACUTE 20
EXACERBATION CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AT SELECTED HOSPITAL IN MALAYSIA
NUR S. A. B. DZAKWAN, ENTI HARIADHA
21 THE IMPACT OF PHARMACIST COUNSELLING ON KNOWLEDGE, ADHERENCE, AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF 21
HIV/AIDS PATIENTS AT VCT POLYCLINIC IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN PADANG, INDONESIA
DEDY ALMASDY, JELLY PERMATASARI, RAVEINAL, NINA KURNIASIH
22 OVERUSE OF ACID SUPPRESSANT DRUGS AS STRESS ULCER PROPHYLAXIS IN ICU INPATIENTS OF RS X 22
PURWOKERTO
LAKSMI MAHARANI, IKA MUSTIKANINGTIAS, HENING PRATIWI
23 COST SAVING OF STRESS ULCER PROPHYLAXIS USE IN NON ICU INPATIENTS 23
HENING PRATIWI, LAKSMI MAHARANI, IKA MUSTIKANINGTIAS
24 PHARMACIST’S HOME CARE IMPACT TO TYPE DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS ADHERENCE AND 24
GLYCAEMIC CONTROL IN BANYUMAS REGION
IKA MUSTIKANINGTIAS, LAKSMI MAHARANI, HENING PRATIWI, VITIS V. F. R. UTAMI, HANIF N.
BAROROH, TUNGGUL A. PURWONUGROHO, GITHA F. GALISTIANI, BUDI RAHARJO
25 KAEMPFEROL FROM STELECHOCARPUS BURAHOL, (BL.) HOOK F. & TH. LEAVES 25
DINIATIK, SUWIJIYO PRAMONO, SUGENG RIYANTO
26 HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQOL) OF TYPE DIABETES MELLITUS OUTPATIENTS AT DR. 26
SARDJITO HOSPITAL YOGYAKARTA: AN INSULIN-BASED THERAPY APPROACH
LOLITA, TRI M. ANDAYANI
27 SURVIVAL TRENDS IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS WITH TB AS CO-MORBIDITY DURING HAART TREATMENT 27
AT INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINIC, MALAYSIA
KASHIF U. KHAN, AMER H. KHAN, SAYED A. S. SULAIMAN, CHOW T. SOO
28 PHARMACIST’S COUNSELLING EFFECTS ON SATISFACTION WITH INHALED ASTHMA TREATMENT FOR 28
ASTHMA PATIENT UNDERGOING OUTPATIENT CARE
MUTIARA HERAWATI, LUKMAN HAKIM, I DEWA P. PRAMANTARA
29 SPERMICIDE GELS FORMULATION FROM THE EXTRACT OF DURIAN’S (DURIO ZIBETHINUS MURR.) 29
CORTEX
NANI KARTINAH, REVANI HARDIAN, ANNI NURLIANI, MIA FITRIANA
30 ALLELE FREQUENCIES OF TWO MAIN METFORMIN TRANSPORTER GENES: SLCA RS80 A>G AND SLCA 30
RS899 G>A IN INDONESIAN POPULATION
VITARANI D. A. NINGRUM, ZULLIES IKAWATI, AHMAD H. SADEWA, ROBIKHUL IKHSAN
31 THE EFFECTS OF SHORT MESSAGE SERVICE (SMS) REMINDERS ON MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND 31
BLOOD PRESSURE OUTCOME IN HYPERTENSION PATIENTS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY
VALENTINA M. SRIKARTIKA, DIFA INTANNIA, NANI KARTINAH, SOFHIA R. DINANTI
32 A QUALITATIVE STUDY PERSPECTIVES, EXPECTATIONS AND NEEDS OF EDUCATION IN CHRONIC 32
OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)
RIFAATUL L. MAHMUDAH, ZULLIES IKAWATI, DJOKO WAHYONO
33 NURSES’ KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES TOWARD ADMINISTRATION OF LONGTERM ORAL 33
MEDICATIONS IN PRE-OPERATIVE FASTING PERIOD
ZAKKY CHOLISOH, DEWI I. SETYORINI, TRI YULIANTI
34 KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES TOWARDS SEX AND EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVES AMONG 34
FEMALE UNIVERSITY HEALTHCARE STUDENTS IN KUALA LUMPUR AND SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
CHRISTINA C. O. YEE, MUHAMMAD A. I. BAIG
35 KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE AMONG UNDERGRADUATE 35
STUDENTS AT SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN MALAYSIA
CHANG P. GIE, MUHAMMAD A. I. BAIG
36 A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF INHIBITORY EFFECT OF HERB ERIOCAULON CINEREUM R.BR ON CERVICAL 36
CANCER CELL WITH MTT ASSAY METHOD
ARDE T. NUGRAHA, VIREN RAMADHAN, HERIANTO PANDAPOTAN, FITRA ROMADHONSYAH
37 EFFECT OF ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUGS ON SERUM PROTEIN LEVELS IN PEDIATRIC TUBERCULOSIS 37
PATIENTS
FAJRI GAFAR, HELMI ARIFIN, YUSRI D. JURNALIS, FINNY F. YANI
38 THE INFLUENCE OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC TO DECREASE THE SCORE OF THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE 38
SYNDROME SCALE-EXCITED COMPONENT
AYUNINGTYAS G. PURWANDITYO, YOSI FEBRIANTI, CHYNTHIA P. SARI, OKKY P. SUGIYARTO, VITARANI
D. A. NINGRUM
39 PHARMACISTS KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THEIR ROLES IN TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL PROGRAM IN MEDAN, 39
INDONESIA
KHAIRUNNISA, AZIZAH NASUTION
40 COST CONSEQUENCES ANALYSIS OF ISCHEMIC STROKE AS A CONSIDERATION INA-CBGS NATIONAL 40
HEALTH INSURANCE IN RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA
FITHRIA D. A. SURYANEGARA
41 ADHERENCE TO SECONDARY STROKE PREVENTION THERAPIES IN ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS AT 41
HOSPITAL “X”
HIDAYAH KARUNIAWATI, ZULLIES IKAWATI, ABDUL GOFIR
42 DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF MATOA (POMETIA PINNATA) LEAVES EXTRACTS AND FRACTION AND ITS 42
INFLUENCE ON POTASSIUM AND SODIUM LEVELS
IKA PURWIDYANINGRUM, ELIN Y. SUKANDAR, IRDA FIDRIANNY
43 SIGNIFICANT DRUG INTERACTIONS AMONG INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS 43
MUHAMMAD Y. HAMIDY, DINA FAUZIA
44 UTILIZATION OF SEAWEED PORRIDGE FROM SARGASSUM SP. AND EUCHEUMA COTTONII AS A COSMETIC 44
FOR SKIN PROTECTOR
NURJANAH, MALA NURILMALA, EFFIONORA ANWAR, NOVI LUTHFIYANA, TAUFIK HIDAYAT
45 ANALYSIS OF DRUG INTERACTION POTENTIAL AMONG GERIATRIC IN THE INTERNAL MEDICINE 45
INPATIENT WARD AT ONE OF HOSPITAL IN JAMBI
YULIAWATI, DHIGNA , ELLY SARDIANA
46 DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPS) ON PATIENTS OF HYPERTENSION IN INTERNAL MEDICINE 46
INPATIENT WARD, CLASS 1 AND 2 AT ONE OF HOSPITAL IN JAMBI
RASMALA DEWI
47 WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR PHARMACISTS COUNSELING SERVICE IN PHARMACY 47
MARISKA S. HARLIANTI
48 DRUG EVALUATION STUDY OF ASPIRIN, CLOPIDOGREL AND CONCOMITANT USE OF ASPIRIN- 48
CLOPIDOGREL IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR AND CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
VINCI MIZRANITA, EKO H. PRATISTO, NUGRAHANINGTYAS S. DEWI
49 THE INFLUENCE OF PHARMACY COUNSELLING IN THE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS 49
RATNA K. ILLAHI, VITA D. WAHYUNINGSIH, BAMBANG SIDHARTA
50 THE CORRELATION OF HYPERTENSION RISK FACTORS WITH SODIUM AND POTASSIUM LEVELS IN 50
URINE
JUTTI LEVITA, RENDI M. IRAWAN, TATU RATNASARI, MUTAKIN
51 ANTIFUNGAL POTENCY OF CABAGGE (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. CAPITATA ALBA) EXTRACT AGAINTS 51
CANDIDA ALBICANS FOR TREATING FLOUR ALBUS
AMI TJITRARESMI, SRI A. F. KUSUMA, DEWI RUSMIATI
52 FORMULATION OF SYRUP FROM COFFEE ARABICA (COFFEA ARABICA L.) EXTRACT WITH 52
DECAFFEINATION PROCESS
ARIF BUDIMAN, ANGGI LUTFY, MUCHTARIDI
53 DOSAGE EVALUATION OF COMPOUNDING MEDICINE FOR TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT PEDIATRIC 53
PATIENTS IN INDONESIA
ANGGA P. KAUTSAR, IYAN SOPYAN, SITI ZULAICHA
54 THE STERILITY OF REUSABLE INSTRUMENTS AT CENTRAL SURGERY INSTALLATION’S ROOM STORAGE 54
OF ONE OF THE HOSPITAL IN BANDUNG
INSAN S. KURNIAWANSYAH, RIZKA AMALIA
55 RESISTANCE TO CIPROFLOXACIN AMONG CILICAL ISOLATES FROM ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS 55
(ARIS) PATIENTS AT COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTERS IN TASIKMALAYA, INDONESIA
DANNI RAMDHANI, RESMI MUSTARICHI, SRI A. F. KUSUMA, ELLIN FEBRINA
56 ANTIBACTERIA ACTIVITY TEST OF PAPUAN ANT-NEST (MYRMECODIA PENDANS L.M. PERRY) STEM 56
TUBER ETHANOL EXTRACT AGAINST SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE
ARIF S. W. KUSUMA, SRI A. F. KUSUMA
57 SCREENING OF ANTICANCER AGENT FROM ETHANOL AND FRACTIONS OF SEA CUCUMBER (STICHOPUS 57
HORRENS) USING WST-ASSAY
ELI HALIMAH, AJENG DIANTINI, AFINA M. TSANYA, ALISHA DWINAPUTRI
58 IN VITRO AND IN SILICO EVALUATION OF XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF QUERCETIN 58
CONTAINED IN EXTRACT OF SONCHUS ARVENSIS LEAVES
RINI HENDRIANI, NURSAMSIAR, AMI TJITRARESMI
59 ANTI MOSQUITO LOTION COMBINATION FORMULATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF BANGLE RHIZOME 59
(ZINGIBER CASSUMUNAR ROXB.) AND LEMONGRASS LEAF (CYMBOPOGON NARDUS [L.] RENDLE) WITH
VANILLIN AS FIXATIVE
FERRY F. SOFIAN, DINAR E. D. PUTRI, SRIWIDODO, DUDI RUNADI, AMI TJITRARESMI
60 NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS INFORMATION LEAFLETS IN COMMUNITY 60
PHARMACIES
IRMA M. PUSPITASARI, MARTUA AGUSTINUS, RANO K. SINURAYA, RIZKY ABDULAH
61 MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTITUMOR EFFECTS OF THE RHIZOME EXTRACT FROM 61
CURCUMA ZEDOARIA ON HUMAN ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA CELLS
YUNI E. HADISAPUTRI, TATSUYA MIYAZAKI, SHIGEMASA SUZUKI, NORIO KUBO, ADE ZUHROTUN,
TAKEHIKO YOKOBORI, RIZKY ABDULAH, SHIN YAZAWA, HIROYUKI KUWANO
62 ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF WATER APPLE (SYZYGIUM AQUEUM) FRUIT HIGHER THAN FRAGRANT 62
MANGO (MANGIFERA ODORATA) FRUIT
NYI M. SAPTARINI, IRMA E. HERAWATI
63 ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TAUCHO ETHANOL EXTRACT 63
RESMI MUSTARICHIE, ADE ZUHROTUN, ARINA S. HIDAYAT
64 VIRTUAL SCREENING AND ENZYMATIC ASSAY OF POTENTIAL NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS 64
RINA F. NUWARDA, HABIBAH A. WAHAB, TAN M. LAN
65 HIV-1 PROTEASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF ANDROGRAPHOLIDE AND ITS DERIVATIVES 65
SANDRA MEGANTARA, MARIA I. IWO, JUTTI LEVITA, DARYONO H. TJAHJONO, RAHMANA E.
KARTASASMITA, SLAMET IBRAHIM
66 TASTE MASKING FORMULATION OF WOOD EXTRACT OF CAESALPINIA SAPPAN L. USING 66
HIDROXYPROPILMETIL CELLULOSA AS A MATRIX
YEDI HERDIANA, NYI M. SAPTARINI, LAURA NATALIA
67 ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF RED BETTLE LEAF ( PIPER CROCATUM RUIZ & 67
PAV . ) against LACTOBACILLUS BIFIDUS
SRI A. F. KUSUMA, AMI TJITRARESMI, GITA SUSANTI
68 ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY OF (SYZIGIUM POLYATHUM (WIGHT) WALP.) LEAF EXTRACT ON SODIUM 68
CHLORIDE INDUCED WHITE RAT
SRI A. SUMIWI, RINI HENDRIANI, DIKE NOVALIA
69 A NOVEL DERIVATIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY APPLICATION AS RAPID METHOD FOR SIMVASTATIN 69
ASSAY IN CO-CRYSTAL FORM
IYAN SOPYAN, ACHMAD FUDHOLI, MUCHTARIDI, IKA PUSPITASARI, DEWI PERMATASARI
70 FORMULATION OF NANOPARTICLE PLGA-POLOXAMER LOADING QUANTUM DOT 70
PATIHUL HUSNI, DIKY MUDHAKIR
71 SUB-CLONING OF GENES ENCODING CYTHOCHROME P450 MONOOXYGENASE (CYP71AVI) INTO 71
EXPRESSION VECTOR IN ESCHERICHIA COLI.
IMAM A. WICAKSONO, TRESNA LESTARI, EVI U. ULFA, CATUR RIANI, ELFAHMI
72 EFFECTS OF PHARMACIST COUNSELING ON COMPLIENCE AND INR LEVELS ON OUTPATIENTS 72
RECEIVING WARFARIN AT DR. HASAN SADIKIN BANDUNG HOSPITAL WEST JAVA, INDONESIA
NORISCA A. PUTRIANA, KERI LESTARI, MELISA I. BARLIANA, SRI HARTINI
73 THE EXISTENCE OF GENE DNA POLYMERASE MUTATION FROM POSITIVE HEPATITIS B SAMPLES IN 73
BANDUNG INDONESIA
TINA ROSTINAWATI, DEBBIE S. RETNONINGRUM, DESI PRATIWI
74 PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS FOR STRESS ULCER BLEEDING PROPHYLAXIS IN CRITICALLY ILL 74
PATIENTS: A COST ANALYSIS STUDY
RANO K. SINURAYA, SHARON GONDODIPUTRO, HENNI DJUHAENI
75 EVALUATION OF CHRONIC DISEASE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM IN INDONESIA: A PATIENT PREFERENCE 75
STUDY
RANO K. SINURAYA, RIZKY ABDULAH, AJENG DIANTINI, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA
76 ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FROM TEN SPECIES OF MYRTACEAE 76
ZELIKA M. RAMADHANIA, MUHAMAD INSANU, NENI S. GUNARTI, RIKA HARTATI, SUKRASNO, KOMAR R.
WIRASUTISNA
77 CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF GARCINIA MANGOSTANA L. PERICARP EXTRACT, FRACTION, AND ISOLATES ON 77
HELA CERVICAL CANCER CELLS
MUCHTARIDI, FEBY S. AFIRANTI, PUTRI W. PUSPASARI, ANAS SUBARNAS, YASMIWAR SUSILAWATI
78 EFFECTS OF NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE PROGRAM ON COST MINIMIZATION OF DRUGS FOR 78
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN ALL PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CENTERS IN BANDUNG
ANGELIKA RIANTI, RANO K. SINURAYA, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA
79 EFFECTS OF VARIOUS SOLVENT ON THE POLYMORPHIC FORMS PROPERTIES AND ITS SOLUBILITY 79
NATURE OF EFAVIRENZ
YOGA W. WARDHANA, SUNDANI N. SOEWANDHI, SALEH WIKARSA, VEINARDI SUENDO
80 HOW CAN INDONESIA INTRODUCE DENGUE VACCINE? LESSONS LEARNED FROM OTHER COUNTRIES 80
AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA, WORO SUPADMI,, MEIVANA E. R. TAMBUNAN, RIZKY ABDULAH
81 ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CURCUMA XANTHORIZA ROXB EXTRACT MOUTHWASH 81
MOELJADI G. TEDJASAPUTRA, INSAN S. KURNIAWANSYAH, YOGA W. WARDHANA, TEUKU A. JAUHARA
82 CAUSATIVE DRUGS OF DRUG-INDUCED STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME (SJS), TOXIC EPIDERMAL 82
NECROLYSIS (TEN), AND SJS-TEN OVERLAP INCIDENCE AT AN INDONESIAN REFERRAL HOSPITAL
DURING 2009-2013
RIZKY ABDULAH, TAZKIA F. SUWANDIMAN, NADHIRA HANDAYANI, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA, MELISA I.
BARLIANA, KERI LESTARI
83 POLYMORPHISM OF APM1 GENE IN CENTRAL OBESITY SUBJECTS RELATED TO INCREASE IN BMI AND 83
LIPID PROFILE
MELISA I. BARLIANA, POPPY D. YOLANDA, TINA ROSTINAWATI, HENRY NG, RIZKY ABDULAH, AJENG
DIANTINI
84 AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY: QUALITY OF LIFE ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS IN CHRONIC USE OF WARFARIN 84
AT CARDIO OUTPATIENT UNIT OF BANDUNG HOSPITAL
DIKA P. DESTIANI, MOCHAMMAD I. PERMANA, BUDHI PRIHARTANTO
85 NUTMEG SEED EXTRACT (MYRISTICA FRAGRANS HOUTT) AS NUTRACEUTICAL FOR ANTIDIABETIC AND 85
ANTIDYSLIPIDEMIC: A POTENTIAL NATURAL DUAL AGONIST PPAR α/γ FROM INDONESIA
KERI L DANDAN, AJENG DIANTINI, MELISA I BARLIANA, TRI H ACHMAD, SRI H KARIADI, ANAS
SUBARNAS , JK HWANG
86 COMPARISON OF THREE REGIMENS ON DECREASING LEUKOCYTES AND INCIDENCE OF NEUTROPENIA 86
IN PATIENTS WITH NASOPHARYNGEAL CANCER AT RSUP DR HASAN SADIKIN BANDUNG
NADIYA N. AFIFAH, PRATIWI, AJENG DIANTINI,
87 ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OF MANGROVE HOLLY LEAVES 87
(ACANTHUS ILICIFOLIUS LINN.) IN WISTAR RATS WITH NON-INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE METHOD
ELLIN FEBRINA, AMI TJITRARESMI, SEPTIANI RAHAYU, MALIHAH HANANI
88 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STANDARD OF PHARMACY PRACTICE ON PRESCRIPTION SERVICES AT 88
PHARMACIES IN YOGYAKARTA
CHYNTHIA P. SARI, OKI R. MAFRUHAH, RIZKY N. FAJRIA, DIAN HERLINA, ANITA OKTAVIA, YUNITA B.
DEWI
89 ANALYSIS OF BPJS KESEHATAN'S OUTPATIENT SATISFACTION WITH PHARMACY SERVICE AT 89
PUSKESMAS “X” IN YOGYAKARTA
DIAN MEDISA, FITHRIA D. AYU, HANI H. SA’DIYAH
90 COST ANALYSIS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE JKN INPATIENTS AT THE PROVINCIAL GENERAL 90
HOSPITAL (RSUP) DR. SOERADJI TIRTONEGORO KLATEN
DIESTY A. NUGRAHENI, FITHRIA D. A. SURYANEGARA, AMIR H. NASUTION
91 IMPROVING TYPE DIABETES MELITUS PATIENTS’S PHARMACEUTICAL CARE BY ASSESSING THE 91
QUALITY OF LIFE AND PATIENTS’ PERCEPTION
DYAH A. PERWITASARI, SETYO BUDI, IMANIAR N. FARIDAH, ADRIAN A.D. KAPTEIN
92 HAIR GROWTH POTENSIAL OF MANGKOKAN (NOTHOPANAX SCUTELLARIUM MERR) LEAF EXTRACT ON 92
MALE WHITE RABBIT
DIAH WARDANI, MARLINE ABDASAH, YASMIWAR SUSILAWATI, ANAS SUBARNAS
93 A STUDY OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEM (DRP) IN ELDERLY PATIENT ON ROUTINE HEMODIALYSIS 93
FAJRIANSYAH, RAHMAWATI SYUKUR, HAERANI RASYID
94 THE STUDY OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT IN NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT IN 94
CENTRAL JAVA HOSPITAL
IKA P. SARI, TITIK NURYASTUTI, DJOKO WAHYONO, DARU ESTININGSIH, FITRI RAHMANTIKA
95 AN INFLUENCE OF MODIFIED COUNSELING METHOD AGAINST THE EFFECTIVENESS OF 95
PHARMACOTHERAPY OF HYPERLIPIDEMIC PATIENTS IN SOME PHARMACIES, BANDUNG CITY OF
INDONESIA
ANAS SUBARNAS, FITRI ALFIANI, DADI S. ARGADIREDJA
96 ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT AND ITS FRACTIONS FROM MALACCA FRUIT 96
(PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA L.) AGAINTS BACILLUS CEREUS FNCC0057 AND SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE
ATCC13313
TIANA MILANDA, ARIF S. WIRAKUSUMA, KUGANESH SHANMUGATHAN
97 ADRENAL SUPPRESSION OF INDUCTION PHASE CHEMOTHERAPY IN PATIENT WITH ACUTE 97
LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA
OCTAVIANA M. SIMBOLON, YULISTIANI, I DEWA G. UGRASENA , MARIYATUL QIBTIYAH
98 GIVING ANTIBIOTICS STUDY IN ORDER ENHANCING THE SUCCESS OF THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH 98
SEPSIS
SAMUEL BUDI, ZULLIES IKAWATI, IWAN DWIPRAHASTO, TITIK NURYASTUTI
99 MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE-INDEPENDENT PATHWAY OF ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY 99
OF ANNONA MURICATA LEAVES EXTRACT IN JURKAT T CELLS
MELISA I. BARLIANA, AJENG DIANTINI, ANAS SUBARNAS, RIZKY ABDULAH, TAKASHI IZUMI
100 PERCEPTION STUDY OF STUDENTS FROM THE HEALTH FACULTIES AT UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN ON 100
THE USE OF “KEROKAN” AS ONE OF LOCAL WISDOMS IN INDONESIA
ILYAS N. FATAHILLAH, ARIF S. W.KUSUMA, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA
101 PLATELET AGGREGATION PROFILE AND CARDIOVASCULAR EVENT IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE 101
PATIENTS WITH DUAL ANTIPLATELET
IKE D. ROCHMAWATI, NANI PARFATI, EDLIN MANDA, CAROLLINA
102 HYPERLIPIDEMIA KNOWLEDGE: A SINGLE CENTRE CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY AMONG UNIVERSITY 102
STUDENTS AND STAFF MEMBERS
RAJA A. AFTAB,, AHMAD A. B. RAHIM, AMER H. KHAN, SYED A. SULAIMAN, KASHIF U. KHAN, NURUDIN A.
SALAM
103 STUDY OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPS) IN PATIENTS WITH HEMORRHAGE STROKE IN GENERAL 103
HOSPITAL CENTER MAKASSAR DR. WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO (SUPERVISED BY ELLY WAHYUDIN AND
H. AMIRUDDIN ALIAH)
RAHMAD AKSA
104 DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE IN GENERAL HOSPITAL CENTER DR. 104
WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO MAKASSAR
AKBAR AWALUDDIN, ELLY WAHYUDIN, AMIRUDDIN ALIAH
105 ACTINODAPHNINE DERIVED FROM INDONESIAN HERBAL PLANTS, CUSCUTA AUSTRALIS AND LITSEA 105
GLUTINOSA, IS A POTENTIAL CANDIDATE OF DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE 4 INHIBITOR FOR BREAST
CANCER THERAPY
RATIH D. YUDHANI, DONO INDARTO, ANINDITYA V. PUTRINADIA, TAQWATIN MA’RIFAH, YULIANA H.
SUSELO, PRATHITA NITYASEWAKA, ZAKA J. FIRDAUS, ZAHRA D. NISA
106 THE IMPACT OF PHARMACY SUPPORT SYSTEM IN THE DETECTION OF DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS 106
TRI M. ANDAYANI, FITA RAHMAWATI, MUHAMMAD R. ROCHMAN
107 CHITRANONE IN PLUMBAGO ZEYLANICA PLANT IS A NEW THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE INHIBITOR WHICH 107
IS MORE POTENT THAN -FLUOROURACIL
DONO INDARTO, YOGA M. PRATAMA, YULIANA H. SUSELO
108 EFFECT OF ZINC SUPPLEMENTATION ON NEUTROPHIL LYMPHOCYTES RATIO AS SYSTEMIC 108
INFLAMMATION INDICATOR OF DIABETIC FOOT ULCER PATIENT
ARI KURNIANINGSIH, SITI SJAMSIYAH, ROUDHOTUL ISMAILYA, ARWIN ACHJAR
109 THE EFFECT OF TRANEXAMIC ACID USED AS ANTIFIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY FOR HAEMORRHAGIC 109
STROKE PATIENTS TO GLASGOW COMA SCALE FOR THE FIRST DAYS
CHRISTIANUS H. SETIAWAN, ZULLIES IKAWATI, ABDUL GOFIR
110 SECONDARY METABOLITES OF INDONESIAN HERBAL PLANTS HAVE POTENTIAL TRANSFERRIN 110
RECEPTOR 2 AGONIST IN SILICO FOR TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
YULIANA H. SUSELO, DONO INDARTO, ASTI S. PARAMANINDITA, BALGIS
111 DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS STUDY IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA 111
FITA RAHMAWATI, TRI M. ANDAYANI, MAWARDI IHSAN
112 CUBEBIN, GIBBERELLIN AND KAEMPFEROL ARE POTENSIAL CANDIDATES OF ADENOSINE 112
MONOPHOSPHATE-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE ACTIVATOR
RATNA KUSUMAWATI, DONO INDARTO, FARCHAN AZZUMAR, BALGIS, YULIANA H. SUSELO
113 ANTIBIOTIC USAGE IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF A PRIVATE HOSPITAL IN ROTTWEIL GERMANY 113
TITIEN S. HARTAYU
114 RESIDENTIAL EFFECT ON ADHERENCE OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS 114
RESITA PRANITASARI, ANJAR M. KUSUMA, WAHYU UTAMININGRUM
115 TOPICAL APPLICATION OF CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO) SCALES MICRO-EMULSION AS ANTI-AGING 115
CANDIDATE
TITTA H. SUTARNA, AHMAD NGADENI, ROSE NURAIDA
116 ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITIES OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF NEPHELIUM LAPPACEUM L. LEAVES IN RATS 116
INDUCED WITH PYLORUS LIGATION AND ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID
LINDA P. SUHERMAN, SRI WAHYUNINGSIH, ASTRIA S. DEWI
117 PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PYRIMETHAMINE-MALIC ACID CO-CRYSTAL 117
FIKRI ALATAS, RANI SUGANDI, DOLIH GOZALI
118 THE PREVENTIVE AND CURATIVE POTENTIAL OF SAMBILOTO AFTER VARIOUS EXTRACT METHOD TO 118
DIABETIC MODEL RATS
ADI WINARTO, AULIA A. MUSTIKA, LINA N. SUTARDI, EKOWATI HANDHARYANI
119 POTENTIAL OF DUCK EGG WHITE OVERCOMED WITH SUB-ACUTE LEAD POISONING 119
AULIA A. MUSTIKA, LINA NOVIYANTI, ANDRIYANTO, MEILISA L. MARGARITA
120 AZADIRACHTA INDICA SEED EXTRACT AS BIOINSECTICIDES MYIASIS LARVAE 120
IETJE WIENTARSIH, AULIA A. MUSTIKA, RETNO WULANSARI, SUSDERTHI WIDHYARI, LINA N. SUTARDI
121 ANTIBIOTIC MODIFYING EFFECT OF AMPHICILIN AND ESSENTIAL OIL OF OCIMUM BASILICUM LEAVES 121
BY GASEOUS CONTACT
HADI A TAMHID, ANNISA FITHRIA, YULI CATRINA
122 THE POTENTIALS OF HONEY IN MANAGING BREAST CANCER WOUND A LITERATURE REVIEW 122
ATLASTIEKA PRAPTIWI
123 DETERMINATION ACTIVE FRACTION OF PLUCHEA INDICA'S ETHANOL EXTRACT AS AN INHIBITOR TO 123
PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA MULTI RESISTANT AND METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS
AUREUS
RIFNA WIBISANA, SULISTYANINGSIH, ADE ZUHROTUN, ELI HALIMAH, RIZKY ABDULAH
124 PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTATION INDUCED PLATELET FUNCTION INDEPENDENT FROM IMMUNE 124
SYSTEM MODULATION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN RABBIT
DEVINNA KANG, YONAHAR MAS’ULA, ARIF S. W., TINA ROSTINAWATI, MELISA I. BARLIANA, INGRID S.
SURONO, RIZKY ABDULAH
125 EFFECT OF EUCALYPTUS AND COCONUT OIL ON PRESSURE ULCER OCCURENCES 125
ANASTASIA A. ISKANDAR, JANE FREYANA
126 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HAIR TONICS OF CELERY (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) ETHANOL 126
EXTRACT AND THE HAIR GROWTH ON RABBITS
AJI NAJIHUDIN, AKMAL, ADE S. RACHMAWATI
127 PATIENT EXPECTATION, PERCEPTION AND SATISFACTION IN PHARMACEUTICAL CARE PROVIDED AT 127
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY HEALTH CENTER IN THE INDONESIAN UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE
LUH P. F. LARASANTY, I MADE A. G. WIRASUTA, MADE A. SARASMITA
128 DRUG-DRUG POTENTIAL INTERACTION INVESTIGATION TOWARD INPATIENTS ADMITTED TO AN 128
INTERNAL MEDICINE WARD AT GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL, YOGYAKARTA
MARIA W. DONOWATI, WITRI S. ASTUTI
129 EVALUATION OF BETALACTAM ANTIBIOTIC AT CISANCA CLINIC SAMARANG GARUT 129
SITI HINDUN, ELIN YULINAH, ATUN QOWIYYAH
130 ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF WASTE WATER OF DISTILED GAHARU (AQUALARIA SP) AGAINST 130
ESCHERICHIA COLI, STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, AND VIBRIO SP WITH AGAR DIFFUSION METHOD
NENCY WAHYUNI, RACHMAT KOSMAN, ZARASWATI DWYANA, TINA ROSTINAWATI
131 EFFECT OF PHARMACIST COUNSELING ON KNOWLEDGE AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR OVARIAN CANCER 131
PATIENT TREATED WITH PACLITAXEL-CARBOPLATIN
MUSTIKA N. ARINI, TIANA MILANDA, RIZKY ABDULAH
132 EFFECT OF PHARMACIST COUNSELING ON KNOWLEDGE AND ADHERENCE OF LUNG TUBERCULOSIS 132
PATIENT IN BALAI BESAR KESEHATAN PARU MASYARAKAT (BBKPM) IN GARUT
NURUL, AHMAD MUHTADI, MELISA I. BARLIANA
133 ANALYSIS OF ORAL ANTI DIABETIC’S ADHERENCE ON TYPE DIABETES MELLITUS THAT USE RE 133
REFERRAL PROGRAM BASED ON HEALTH BELIEF MODEL IN TALAGA BODAS PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER
BANDUNG
ULYATI ULFAH, ELI HALIMAH, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA
134 FLAVANOIDS ISOLATION OF GAHARU LEAVES (AQUILARIA MALACCENSIS LAMK.) 134
ANNISA ALPIANI, MUHAMAD INSANU, RIA MARIANI
135 COMPARATION ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROPHOTOMETRI AND NITRIMETRIC TITRATION METHOD WITH 135
BIAMPEROMETRIC TECHNIQUE FOR SULFAMETOXSAZOLE DETERMINATION
LAILA N. AZIZAH, RAHMANA E. KARTASASMITA , FAUZAN ZEIN, IRMA M. PUSPITASARI, RIZKY
ABDULAH
136 PREPARATIONS FORMULATION GEL MASK CONTAINING HONEY (APIS MELLIFERA SPECIES) 136
RINY MELIYANA, ANAS SUBARNAS, KERI LESTARI, RINI AGUSTIN, ACHMAD NGADENI
137 PREVALENCE OF BLASHV-12 GENE FROM ISOLATE EXTENDED-SPECTRUM Β-LACTAMASE (ESBL) 137
PRODUCING KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIA IN DR. HASAN SADIKIN HOSPITAL
MARYAM SOFIAH, KERI LESTARI, MELISA I. BARLIANA, ELI HALIMAH, IDA PARWATI
138 CHARACTERISTIC DETERMINATION AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ARTOCARPUS COMMUNIS 138
FORST
BRANES A. WARDHANI, ANAS SUBARNAS, SRI HARTINI, JULIA RATNAWATI, YESI DESMIATY
139 LINGUISTICS-BASED PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCT NAMING METHODS: A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON 139
OTC PRODUCTS IN INDONESIA
KASNO PAMUNGKAS, RIZKY ABDULAH
140 THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT JAWER KOTOK LEAVES (COLEUS 140
SCUTELLARIOIDES [L.] BENTH) AGAINST ACNE BACTERIAL FROM FACE
RINI M. PURWONO, USAMAH AFIFF, YUSTINA D. FAJAR
141 EFFECTIVENESS OF THERAPY AND QUALITY SERVICES IN HYPERTENSIVE AND DIABETIC PATIENTS 141
AMONG JKN AND NON-JKN HEALTHCARE
DEWA A. SWASTINI, IDA A. D. WIRYANTHINI, SARAH A. PUTRI
142 GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR GENE rs6265 AS 142
PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS RISK FACTOR
HENRY NG, MELISA I. BARLIANA, RIZKY ABDULAH
143 IN VIVO ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF DICHLOROMETANE-ETHYL ACETATE-METHANOL FRACTION OF 143
MUNDU’S BARK (GARCINIA DULCIS (ROXB.) KURZ) IN SWISS MICE
MAMIK P. RAHAYU, NURAINI HARMASTUTI, GUNAWAN PAMUDJI, SUPARGIYONO, MAHARDIKA A.
WIJAYANTI
144 THE ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SEMBUNG’S ROOT-EESR (BLUMEA BALSEMIFERA [L.] 144
DC) ON INCREASING APPETITE OF FEMALE WISTAR RATS
SUNARTI,GANET E. PRAMUKANTORO
145 ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POSLEN LEAVES (TALINUM TRIANGULAR (JACQ.) WILLD) ETHANOL 145
EXTRACT WITH DPPH (2,2-DIPHENYL-1 - PICRYLHYDRAZYL) METHOD
SYAMSUL RAHMAT JATMIKO SUSILO, ISTIANATUS SUNNAH
146 EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF DRUG PROCUREMENT WITH ABC AND EOQ METHOD IN AL IHSAN HOSPITAL 146
BANDUNG
ANGGA RAHMADANI, TANTI OKTRIANA, MITTY MAULIANA, ANDI N. AMAL, IKA P. ISMAIL, FITRI
QORIAWATY, AHMAD H. SANTOSA, GILANG S. PRAMANIK, ANGGA P. KAUTSAR, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA
147 EVALUATION OF CORTICOSTEROID USED FOR CHILDREN IN PKU MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA 147
HOSPITAL ON JANUARY – MARCH 2015
BELLA F. ARISTIA, WORO SUPADMI
148 THE DETERMINATION OF PLUMBUM LEVELS ON PATIN FISH (PANGASIUS SUTCHI) AND NILA FISH 148
(OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) FROM SAGULING RESERVOIR WITH ATOM ABSORPTION
SPECTROPHOTOMETRY METHOD
YOGI PRABOWO, DEWI WULANSARI, SUKANTA
149 ASSESSMENT OF DRUG USE PATTERN IN CHILDREN USING WHO PRESCRIBING INDICATORS AT SOME 149
PHARMACIES IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA
SALMA H. CALIFORNIA, DIKA P. DESTIANI, RIZKY ABDULAH, ELI HALIMAH, ANAS SUBARNAS
150 PHARMACISTS’ KNOWLEDGE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS IN MEDAN, INDONESIA 150
KHAIRUNNISA, AZIZAH NASUTION
151 EFFECTIVENESS OF VIDEO CAMPAIGN ON THE RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS AT ONE OF PRIMARY 151
HEALTHCARE CENTERS IN BANDUNG
HILMI A. N. SETIAWAN, ARIF S. W. KUSUMA, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA
152 COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF CEFTAZIDIME-LEVOFLOXACIN AND CEFOTAXIME-ERYTHROMYCIN 152
AS EMPIRICAL ANTIBIOTIC COMBINATIONS IN RESPIRATORY INFECTION-INDUCED SEPSIS
DIKA P. DESTIANI, TIANA MILANDA, SUSILAWATI, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA,, IVAN S. PRADIPTA, ELI
HALIMAH, AJENG DIANTINI, SRI A. SUMIWI, AHMAD MUHTADI, ANAS SUBARNAS, KERI LESTARI, RIZKY
ABDULAH
153 THE DRUG PRESCRIPTION OF OUTPATIENT IN MEURAXA HOSPITAL IN BANDA ACEH 153
VESARA A. GATERA, SUMARNI, ISKANI, ARI KURNIAWATI
154 A POWER TEST OF INHIBITORY COMBINATION EXTRACT ALOE VERA GEL (ALOE VERA) AND EXTRACT 154
RED GALANGAL (ALPINIA PURPURATA K SCHUM) AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND
ESCHERICHIA COLI.
NURHASNA, ELI HALIMAH, KERI LESTARI, YULIET, JOHNNY A. WIDJAJA
155 SATISFACTION SURVEY OF BPJS KESEHATAN INSURANCE’S PARTICIPANTS CONCERNING HEALTH 155
SERVICE AT TWO HOSPITALS IN BANDUNG
GILANG S. PRAMANIK, SITI F. RAHMAWATI, ANDREANUS A. SOEMARDJI, TOMI HENDRAYANA
156 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MICROEMULSION ORAL FISH OIL 156
IRMA RAKHMAWATI, AHMAD MUHTADI, IRMA M. PUSPITASARI, FIKRI ALATAS, DOLIH GOZALI
157 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM 157
TRIYONO, MUHARAM MARZUKI, MUTAKIN
158 FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF KETOCONAZOLE TABLETS USING SAGO AMYLUM 158
(METROXYLON SAGO) PREGELATINAZED AS A DISINTEGRANT AGENT
MOHAMAD A. PANEO
159 THE EFFECT OF PINOGU COFFEE (COFFEA CANEPHORA VAR. ROBUSTA) TOWARDS DECREASE OF URIN 159
ACID LEVEL IN MALE MICE (MUS MUSCULUS)
MOHAMAD T. ISMULLAH
160 CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY FROM ETHANOL EXTRACT STEM YELLOW WOOD (ARCANGELISIA FLAVA (L) 160
MERR)
JENIFER KOLINA, HAMSIDAR HASAN, MOHAMMAD A. MUSTAPA
161 ANTIDIARRHOEAL EFFECT OF WATER EXTRACT OF BROTOWALI [TINOSPORA CRISPA (L.) MIERS, 161
MENISPERMACEAE] STEM IN SWISS WEBSTER MOUSE
RISRINA N. EKAWATI, MARIA I. IWO, ATUN QOWIYYAH
162 FORMULATION AND INCREASE THE RATE OF DISSOLUTION OF KETOCONAZOLE TABLETS WITH THE 162
USE OF POLYSORBATE 80 AS A SURFACTANT
MULTIANI S. LATIF
163 COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS THE USE OF DRUG COMBINATION ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING 163
ENZYME INHIBITORS - DIURETIK AND ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR BLOCKERS - DIURETICS
HYPERTENSION PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISORDERS IN HOSPITAL DR. SOEKARDJO
ROBBY RAMDANI, AJENG DIANTINI, SRI A. SUMIWI
164 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF EMULSION-GEL FORM IN TOMATO EXTRACT (SOLANUM 164
LYCOPERSICUM L.) AS MOISTURIZERS
ROSITA I. DEHI
165 DETERMINATION OF PARAMETERS STANDARDIZATION CRUDE DRUG AND EXTRACT ARABICA COFFEE 165
BEANS (COFFEA ARABICA L.)
MUCHTARIDI, RANI RUBIYANTI, HAMIDAH NURULJANAH, MIRA L. NURUL A. RAMADHANI, MOELYONO
MOEKTIWARDOYO, IDA MUSFIROH, ALIYA N. HASANAH
166 THE EFFECT OF ETHYL ACETAT (PHYLLANTHUSBUXIFOLIUS MUELL, ARG) LEAVES AGAINST LEVELS 166
TOTAL SERUM BILIRUBIN AND LIVER CELL NECROSIS ON MALE WISTAR RATS
DWI A. RAMDHINI
167 ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN AGAINTS CANDIDA ALBICANS ATCC 90028 AND CLINICAL 167
ISOLATE
MUHAMMAD H. FATHURRAHMAN, SULISTYANINGSIH, SRI A. F. KUSUMA, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA
168 ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF SERAI DAPUR 168
(CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS, STAPF.) ON MICE AFTER INHALATION
NONI CAHYANA, ANAS SUBARNAS, MUCHTARIDI
169 THE GEL PREPARATION OF METHYLSILANOL ASCORBATE USING CARBOMER GELLING AGENT 169
FIRMAN GUSTAMAN
170 PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SNAKEHEAD FISH (OPHIOCEPHALUS STRIATUS) DRY 170
EXTRACT NANOEMULGEL USING PARTICLE SIZE ANALYZER
PRISCA S. WICITA
171 THE INFLUENCE OF THE FORMATION OF INCLUSION COMPLEXES ATORVASTATIN WITH Β- 171
CYCLODEXTRIN AGAINST OF SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE ATORVASTATIN
DILAL A. FADIL, TAOFIK RUSDIANA, MUCHTARIDI
172 ANTISEPTIC ACTIVITIES OF GEL WITH EXTRACT ETHANOL OF KAWANG FRUITS (LITOCARPUS 172
CELEBICUS, (MIQ) REHDER)
SORAYA R. MITA, SRI A. F. KUSUMA, NURAINI INSIYAH
173 INCREASE FUROSEMIDE DISSOLUTION OF THE TABLETS IN THE ARTIFICIAL GASTRIC FLUID WITHOUT 173
ENZYMES PH 1.2 BY USING WET GRANULATION METHOD
DINA N. SUWINDA, UU MARÙ, TOMI HENDRAYANA
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
Print - 0974-2441
A STUDY OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEM IN UROLOGIC PATIENTS: A COHORT PROSPECTIVE

STUDY
ANA K. FAIZAH1*, RASWITA DINIYA2

1Pharmacy, Hang Tuah University, Indonesia. 2Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Drug therapy problems (DRPs) are the clinical domain of the pharmaceutical care practitioner. The purpose of identifying drug therapy problems is
to help patients achieve their goals of therapy and realize the best possible outcomes from drug therapy. The purpose of this study was to
determine the number and classification of drug related problems that occurred in postoperative patient in urology surgery ward. A prospective
study was conducted in 3 months, involving 62 hospitalized postoperative patients in the urology surgery ward of a teaching hospital in Surabaya.
Clinical pharmacist were involved in medical rounds to identify drug related problems. Thirty seven patients were identified with 81 drug related
problems. This study found that 20 patients had more than one drug related problem. The most common identified drug related problems were
overdose (38%), drug use without indications (20%), improper drugs (11%), drug interactions (10%), untreated indications (9%), adverse drug
reactions (7%), failure to receive drugs (4%) and sub-therapeutic drugs (1%). The clinical pharmacist’s recommendation consisted of dose
adjustment, monitoring, drug discontinuation, drug change, add therapy, counseling to patients, dose increased and refer to prescriber. The most
common identified drug related problems are overdose, drug use without indications and improper drugs. Clinical pharmacists in clinical medical
rounds facilitates have obligation to identify, prevent, resolve drug related problems and help patients to achieve their goals of therapy and
improve patient’s quality of life.
Keywords: Drug related problems, DRPs, Clinical pharmacist, Drug therapy, Drug interactions, Adverse drug reactions, Drug related
hospitalizations.
Proceedings | II-Indonesian Conference on Clinical Pharmacy (27 - 28 Oct 2016) (Organized by: Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran) 1
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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OFF-LABEL DRUG USE IN PEDIATRIC INPATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH NEPHROTIC

SYNDROME IN A NATIONAL REFERRAL HOSPITAL: AN INDONESIAN CONTEXT
HESTY U. RAMADANIATI1*, TALARAN TAMBUNAN2, SONDANG KHAIRANI1, HAPPY S. ADISTY1

1Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Indonesia. 2Department of Pediatrics, Cipto
Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The information about the use of off-label drugs in pediatric, especially pediatric with nephrotic syndrome is still lacking. This study aimed to
estimate the prevalence of off-label prescribing in pediatric inpatients with nephrotic syndrome in a national referral hospital in Indonesia. A
retrospective study was conducted in study hospital using medication records from pediatric inpatients with nephrotic syndrome who met the
inclusion criteria. Patient and prescribing data were collected, and drugs were classified as on-label or off-label/unlicensed based on Indonesia
National Drug information (IONI). Thereafter, off-label drugs were categorized with a hierarchical system of age, indication, route of
administration, and dosage. There were 1553 drugs with 94 different types of drug were administered to 67 patients during the study period. The
data uncovered that 1023 (65.9%) of the drug prescriptions were used off-label. The range of off-label use per patient was 2-101 drugs. Most off-
label drugs (n=433, 42.4%) were from non-diuretics anti-hypertensive drugs. The most commonly drug used in off-label manner was
prednisolone (n=125, 12.2%). The high rate of off-label drug use in children was mainly related to age (n=772, 75.5%). Pediatrics with nephrotic
syndrome was very vulnerable to off-label uses where every patient received at least 2 off-label drugs. It seems that off-label prescribing in
pediatric with nephrotic syndrome was not influenced by age or gender as every patient received off-label drugs. Clinical trials for pediatric drugs
are essential to provide complete product information for pediatric use.
Keywords: Off-label drug, Nephrotic syndrome, Inpatient, Pediatrics.
Vol 9, issue 6 , 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE CORRELATION OF AGE AND STATUS OF PATIENT’S COMPLIANCE WITH

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS (THE STUDY WAS CONDUCTED IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE OF
MALANG)
HANANDITIA R. PRAMESTUTIE*, DIMAS A. DWI JP, RATNA K. ILLAHI

Study Program of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Hypertension is a disease with high prevalence and significant in causing morbidity and mortality. Optimizing therapy of antihypertensive drugs is
influenced by many factors, including patient’s compliance. Patient’s age is one of the most influential factors on the status of compliance. Most of
the studies showed that patient’s age has correlation with the status of compliance, although patient’s age is not the cause of non compliance.
Elderly has inferior memory, inferior hearing, and inferior sight, therefore they had low compliance in the usage of antihypertensive drugs. This
study was aimed to determine the correlation of age and status of patient compliance with antihypertensive drugs in Puskesmas Kota Malang.
Puskesmas Kota Malang known to have one of the highest prevalence of hypertensive patient in East Java. This study was conducted by using
correlative observational method with cross sectional approach. A total of 80 sample patients taken by purposive sampling among all hypertensive
patients who visited Puskesmas Kota Malang. The status compliance was measured by using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8 (MMAS-8)
questionnaire. The data was analyzed by using Spearman Rank correlation hypothesis test. The results showed that 46 patients (57,5%) had low
compliance, 27 patients (33,75%) had medium compliance, and 7 patients (8,75%) had high compliance. Patient’s age had no significant correlation
with status of patient compliance (p = 0,195). Patient’s age had no significant influence and correlation with status of patient compliance in the use
of antihypertensive drugs.
Keywords: Patient’s age, Antihypertensive drugs, Level of compliance, Hypertension.
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THE COMPARISON OF PARTITION COEFFICIENT BETWEEN THYMOQUINONE AND 2,3,6-

TRIMETHYL-5-BROMOBUTYL-1,4-BENZOQUINONE
EFTA TRIASTUTI1*, NOVARIA HARINDRA1, SITI MARIA ULFA2, EMA P. YUNITA1, VALENTINA YURINA1
1Study Program of Pharmacy, Medical Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia. 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and
Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Thymoquinone is the main bioactive compound contained in Nigella sativa (Habbatussauda) which has therapeutic effects in various diseases. Until
now, the information of the physico-chemistry properties of this compound is limited. This study aimed to analyze the physico-chemistry
properties of thymoquinone, i.e. partition coefficient, as this is one of parameters that influences its biological effect and pharmacokinetics
properties. The additional purpose was to modify the structure of thymoquinone to provide 2-(4-bromobutyl)-3,5,6-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-
1,4-dione which was expected to increase of partition coefficient. The methods were succession reactions of oxidation and bromoalkylation using
2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4-hydroquinone as a starting material. The partition coefficient is determined using a shake-flask method with n-octanol/water as
solvent. The results of this study indicated that there was significant difference between the value of the partition coefficient of thymoquinone and
its derivative (Mann-Whitney, p < 0.05). The median value of thymoquinone partition coefficient was 1.0427, while the derivative’s mean value was
2.0289 ± 0.1173. In conclusion, 2-(4-bromobutyl)-3,5,6-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dion has a greater partition coefficient than
thymoquinone therefore, the derivative compound has a better membrane penetration than that in the parent compound.
Keywords: Derivative, Nigella sativa, Partition coefficient, Thymoquinone, Shake-flask method.
Vol 9, issue 6 , 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE COMPARISON OF ANTIBIOTICS USE FOR OUTPATIENTS IN MLATI II PRIMARY HEALTH

CARE BETWEEN 2009-2013 AND 2004-2008 USING ATC/DDD METHOD
FARAHDINA CHAIRANI*, YOSI FEBRIANTI, ENDANG SULISTYOWATI

Department of Pharmacy, Islamic University of Indonesia, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Antibiotics are the most commonly used medications associated with the high incidence of bacterial infection. Improper use of antibiotics often
causes many problems such as antibiotic resistance, negative effects on the patient and ecological inbalance, and increasing cost of treatment. The
aim of this study was to give an overview of antibiotics consumption in outpatients using ATC/DDD index, which is an accepted standard method
and suggested by the WHO. This study was performed in Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta Primary Health Care. Collected data were of name, dosage
form, and the amount of antibiotics used over a period of 5 years (2009-2013). The results were counted as DDD in every 1000 outpatients’ visits,
and the percentages of each year were calculated to be compared with the previous period (2004-2008). The amount of antibiotics used was also
analyzed based on antibiotic type that includes in DU 90%. The significance of differences in antibiotics used for both study-periods was analyzed
with Independent Sample T-Test and Mann Whitney. The results showed that amoxicillin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin,
metronidazole, and cotrimoxazol were used from 2009 until 2013. The most frequently used antibiotic was marked at 1086,42 DDD/1000 KPRJ in
2013 which was amoxicillin and it had been occupied in the first segment of DU 90% for 5 years. The least amount of antibiotic used was
phenoxymethyl penicillin which was accounted 2,70 DDD/1000 KPRJ in 2010. The average percentage of antibiotic used in accordance to DOEN
was 93,8%. There was a change in the pattern of antibiotic used in Mlati II Primary Health Care between 2009-2013 and 2004-2008 in terms of the
types and quantities.
Keywords: Antibiotics, ATC/DDD, DU 90%, Primary Health Care.
Vol 9, issue 6 , 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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SERUM CYSTATIN C ROLE IN IDENTIFICATION OF RENAL DYSFUNCTION AMONG ELDERLY

CKD PATIENTS
IRFANULLAH KHAN1, 2, AMER H. KHAN2*, AZREEN S. ADNAN1, AMJAD KHAN1,2

1Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Resource Center, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. 2Discipline of Clinical
Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Serum Cystatin C is a new endogenous biomarker of renal function. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are the most common causes of CKD among
Elderly CKD Patients. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been mainly evaluated by glomerular filtration rate (GFR) which is used as main diagnostic
tool to predict kidney dysfunction. Currently, Cystatin C is recognized as the most accurate endogenous GFR marker (surpasses creatinine). In case
of pathology its level in blood increases. The more severe the renal pathology, the worse Cystatin C filtrates in kidneys and the higher its blood level
is. The aim of the current study was to identify the role of cystatin C in the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus (DM2). The study involved 40 patients with DM2, their mean age being 60 [61; 74] years, DM2 duration — 8.7 [3.5; 14] years. In all
patients we identified Cystatin C level and calculated glomerular filtration rate using different methods. Cystatin C is a reliable marker of glomerular
filtration rate in DM2 patients. It enables to diagnose chronic kidney disease in normal albumin excreted with urine, i.e. at early stages of diabetic
nephropathy. The determination of this value by cystatin C in boundary glomerular filtration rate level of under 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 is more
accurate than that calculated by Cockcroft–Gault and MDRD formulae. We found in this study that eGFR by CKD-EPI equation was closely was to
each other as compared to MDRD. Serum Cystatin C estimation is a useful approach for detection of renal impairment among elderly CKD patients.
This would help in reducing the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the near future.
Keywords: Cystatin C, Chronic kidney disease, Creatinine.
Vol 9, issue 6 , 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN OBESITY, HIGH PURINE CONSUMPTIONS, AND MEDICATIONS ON

URIC ACID LEVEL IN HYPERURICEMIA PATIENTS WITH ALLOPURINOL (STUDY AT
NEPHROLOGY HYPERTENSION AMBULATORY DR. SAIFUL ANWAR HOSPITAL MALANG)
EMA P. YUNITA1*, DINAR I. FITRIANA2, ATMA GUNAWAN3

1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy Study Program, Medical Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia. 2Pharmacy Study
Program, Medical Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia. 3Hemodialysis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of
Nephrology and Hypertension, Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Hyperuricemia is the increase of blood uric acid level. It exceeds normal amount. There are many factors that increase uric acid level, such as
obesity, high purine consumptions, and medications. The aim of this study was to determine the associations of obesity, high purine consumptions,
and medications to uric acid level in hyperuricemia patients with allopurinol. Data were collected through medical records and questionnaires with
cross-sectional observational design. Data were analyzed descriptively and hypotheses test. The samples of this study were 45 hyperuricemia
patients who had gotten allopurinol therapy for a month and they were choosen by the consecutive sampling method. The result of this study
showed that there were no statistically significant comparative association (Mann-Whitney test) between uric acid level on obesity, high purine
consumptions (seafoods, meats, organ meats, pods), and medications (furosemide, low dose aspirin, hydrochlorotiazide, spironolactone) with
consecutive significance values 0.193; 0.420; 0.469; 0.054; 0.398; 0.631; 0.773; 0.216; 0.246. Besides, there were no statistically significant
association correlations (Spearman test) between uric acid level on obesity, high purine consumptions (seafoods, meats, organ meats, pods), and
medicines (furosemide, low dose aspirin, hydrochlorotiazide, spironolactone) with consecutive significance values 0.197; 0.426; 0.476; 0.053;
0.404; 0.637; 0.776; 0.220; 0.250. The conclusions of this research were not statistically significant comparative and not statistically significant
correlation between obesity, high purine consumptions, and medications on uric acid level in hyperuricemia patients with allopurinol.
Keywords: Allopurinol, Hyperuricemia, Obesity, Purine consumptions.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANTIDIABETICS DRUG USE EVALUATION AND DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPs) IN TYPE 2
DIABETES MELLITUS OUTPATIENTS AT JAKARTA HOSPITAL
SESILIA A. KEBAN*, DEVI MULIAWATI

Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Pharmacists play an important role in ensuring that drugs are used appropriately, safely, and effectively. This can be done by evaluating the use of
drugs and identifying, preventing, and resolving drug related problems (DRPs). The purposes of this study were to evaluate the use of antidiabetics
in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients based on the Indonesian Endocrinology Association (PERKENI) Guidelines and to identify DRPs. This was a
descriptive study with. Data was gathered retrospectively from the outpatients medical records during June until December 2014. The inclusion
criteria were outpatients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with comorbidities and received oral antidiabetics or insulin at Jakarta Hospital.
There were 163 patients that met the inclusion criteria. Fifty nine percent of diabetic outpatients were women, 80.98% were in age group 30–59
years old, and 79.75% were diagnosed with complications. The results from the drug use evaluation indicate that the single most widely used
antidiabetics was metformin (41.18%); and the most common combinations were Biguanides and Sulphonylurea group (58.95%). Based on the
A1C level, there were 94 patients that received the proper treatment according to the guideline. The dose used were 100% correct and the
compliance of the patients to visit the hospital routinely were 98%.The incidence of DRPs discovered in this study were adverse drug reactions
(49.35%), unnecessary drug therapy (5.2%), dosage too low (1.95), improper drug selection (0.65%), patient require additional drug therapy
(0.65%) and patient compliance issues (42.21%). The total number of DRPs identified by pharmacist were 154 cases.
Keywords: Drug use, Drug related problems, Diabetes mellitus, Outpatients.
Vol 9, issue 6 , 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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HOW FAR REGULATION AND ORGANIZATION PREPARED BY GOVERNMENT IN ACT

IMPLEMENTATION HALAL PRODUCT GUARANTEE (JPH ACT) SPECIALLY FOR DRUGS,
TRADITIONAL MEDICINES, COSMETICS AND FOODS
RAHMAT SANTOSO
Part Pharmaceutical & Community-Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Since 2014, the Law on Halal Product Guarantee has been rolled out, but until now they have not seen the readiness of regulation derived from Act
JPH these, as well as with the establishment of the organizers of Halal Product Guarantee (BPJPH) under MORA and the strengthening of
Institutions Examining Halal (LPH). The issue of halal products, today are becoming more prominent, especially Indonesia with a Muslim majority
population. It's only natural to have medicinal products, traditional medicines, cosmetics, and food that is halal. This study aimed to assess the
regulation time and the readiness of regulatory law is derived JPH, such as Government Regulation (PP), the Presidential Decree (Decree)
Regulation (Candy) Related and formation BPJPH, with parameters: internal constraints, external constraints, gap analysis of institutions handling
the halal product assurance, perceptions of business operators associations / producers in the field of medicine, traditional medicine, cosmetics,
and food, public perception, and the perception of the public halal products. This study used rapid evaluation method comprising: Assessing legal
protection before and after the enactment JPH; Certification Halal medicinal products, traditional medicines, cosmetics, food before and after the
enactment JPH; Evaluation of regulatory policy in the field before and after the enactment JPH; An alternate solution JPH regulatory policy
implementation. Before the enactment JPH, there are two institutions involved in the halal certification, the MUI and LPPOM MUI. After the
enactment of Law JPH, will further strengthen the halal certification, with BPJPH and LPH (LPPOM MUI and LPH formed by organizations or
universities). The government has not yet formed BPJPH affiliated to the Ministry of Religion. Since October 17, 2014 have not been published a
road map and time line BPJPH. Draft PP / regulation / Candy concerned have not been socialized to associate businesses medicine / traditional
medicine / cosmetics / food. Strengthening institutions involved in the implementation of the Law JPH the absolute. Coordination and
synchronization through the Ministry of Coordination to the President needs to be done. The lack of coordination level government agencies in the
implementation of the Law JPH. Required the involvement of the President to the Coordinating Ministry for the implementation of the Law JPH,
Differences in perception between business community pharmacy with the implementation of Law JPH.
Keywords: Law JPH, BPJPH, LPH, Halal Certification, Weak Coordination.
Vol 9, issue 6 , 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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FLAME EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY FOR ANALYSIS OF SODIUM-POTASSIUM IN URINE OF

SUBJECT WITH HIGHER SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE AFTER SALT
INTERVENTION
MUTAKIN1, MUTIARA J. ISKARTAMA1, JUTTI LEVITA2

1Departmentof Analytical Pharmacy and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia 2Department of
Pharmacology and Clincial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran. Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Flame emission spectroscopy (SEN), analytical methods for determination of the metal content based on measurements of emissions, can be
applied to the analysis of sodium and potassium in the urine. A diet high in sodium salts has long been associated with the risk of hypertension,
stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, a diet with reduced sodium and increased potassium intake has been recommended for
patients with hypertension as a non-pharmacological strategy to control blood pressure. This study was conducted to determine the effect of
dietary salt on sodium and potassium equilibrium in urine of volunteers in conjunction with the risk of hypertension. Volunteers (n = 11) were
assigned as control group with normotensive (n = 3) and intervention group with prehypertension (n = 8). Volunteers given dietary salt intake
through food for a week and do 24-hour collection of urine samples. Determination of sodium and potassium levels in urine performed using flame
emission spectroscopy (SEN). Results showed lower blood pressure did not correlate with the balance of sodium and potassium in the urine, but
there are significant differences between the control and test groups (p-value of each <0,05). In addition, the obtained results that the range of
systolic and diastolic positively correlated with ethnicity and BMI and negatively correlated with age, group and duration of salt. It can be
concluded that dietary salt formula can be used for the management of hypertension.
Keywords: Salt diet, Hypertension, Sodium, Potassium, Flame emision spectroscopy
Vol 9, issue 6 , 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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A HIPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY COMPARISON OF TEN PLANTS’ EXTRACT IN MICE INDUCED

GLUCOSE
AHMAD MUHTADI1*, YOLA IRENKA1, WULAN CHANDRA AYU1, RINI HENDRIANI1, ADE ZUHROTUN2
1Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Departement of Biology
Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with high prevalence in Indonesia (5,8%) for the age of 20-79 years old. From 9 million diabetic patients,
4.8 million of them were undiagnosed patients, which was predicted that would be 21,3 million patients in 2030 and increase about 10,1% in 2035.
As the second largest country in term of biodiversity, Indonesia has 30 000 flowering plant species, where approximately 7,000 species are
recognized as medicinal plants within 950 species have medicinal functions. Nevertheless, there were only 20-22% of them showed the
hypoglycemic activity according to the previous study. This study was conducted to compare hypoglycemic activity of Mangifera indica L. leaves,
Persea americana Mill. leaves, Acorus calamus L. rhizome, Phyllanthus niruri L. herb, Syzigium cumini (L.) skeels bark, Zingiber officinale
Roscoerhizome, Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves, Tamarindus indica L. seed, Momordica charantia L. fruit and Azadirachta indica A. Juss. leaves, at the
same dose of 300 mg/kg oral administration in mice induced Glucose Tolerance Test. The result showed that Mangifera indica L. leave extract
(46,36%) has the best activity in reduction of blood glucose level, followed by Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Acorus calamus L., Tamarindus indica L.,
Momordica charantia L., Syzigium cumini (L.) Skeels, Phyllantus niruri L., Persea americana Mill., Azadirachta indica A. Juss.
Keywords: Hypoglycemic activity, Medicinals Plants, Glucose Tolerance Test, Mangifera indica L.
Vol 9, issue 6 , 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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POTENCY OF DRUGS INTERACTIONS AMONG PSYCHOTROPIC PRESCIPTIONS: A

RETROSPECTIVE STUDY AT LOCAL PHARMACIES IN BANDUNG
ALDIZAL M. R. SYAMSUDIN1*, DIKA P. DESTIANI2

1Master Student at Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran. 2Department of Pharmacology and
Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran.Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Drugs prescribing with more than one kind of drug (polypharmacy) could increase a risk of drug-drug interactions occurrences. Drug interactions
could harm patients, including drug interactions in psychotropic drugs. This study conducted to determine potential drug-drug interaction among
psychotropic prescribing. This study conducted by using retrospective data during 2014 at a local pharmacy in Bandung. These study show that
334 of 1.732 psychotropic prescriptions had potential of drug-drug interaction that may occur and 111 of those prescriptions are classified as
Moderate class. Percentage of prescriptions with drug-drug interactions from both pediatrician and neurological surgeon respectively reached
1.8%. While the percentage of prescriptions in internist was 2.7%, obstetricians reached 10.8% The most common drug-drug interaction occurred
in general practitioner, which reached 82.%.
Keywords: Interactions, polypharmacy, psychotropic, pharmacy prescriptions
Vol 9, issue 6 , 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA TREATMENT COST

IN SOETOMO HOSPITAL SURABAYA
IVONNE SOELIONO1*, SUHARJONO2, TARMONO3

1Master of Clinical Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Clinical and Community Pharmacy Department Faculty of Pharmacy Widya Mandala
Catholic University Surabaya, Indonesia. 2Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy Airlangga University, Indonesia.
3Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia.
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Hospital inpatients charged to a wide range of cost in accordance hospital rates. Each component of these costs will ultimately make up the total
cost. The length of stay (LOS) influences the total costs. LOS itself was influenced by factors such as age, the number and type of comorbidities, the
number and type of pre and post-operative complications, and the type of surgery. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of factors
on LOS and total costs as well as to analyze the cost component, which is the main constituent of total costs in hospitalized patients with a primary
diagnosis of BPH. This study was an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional with cost from hospital perspective. Simple random sampling was
carried out as a result there was 25 hospitalized patients with BPH in January 2014-June 2015. Multivariate linear regression conducted to see the
effect of factors on LOS and total costs and the percentage of each cost component to the total cost was calculated. The results showed the influence
of comorbidities types, pre-operative complications types, and the surgery type to LOS. There was also influence of comorbidities type, number and
type of pre-operative complications, surgery type, age, and LOS to total cost. The main constituent component of total cost is surgery cost,
laboratory cost, and medication cost. The hospital is recommended to control laboratory cost, medication cost, and pre-operative waiting time to
reduce total cost.
Keywords: Factors, Total cost, BPH.
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LONG-TERM SAFETY EVALUATION OF TAMARIND PULP (TAMARINDUS INDICA L.) WATER

EXTRACT
SITI F. RAHMAWATI1*, IRENE ISKANDAR1, FINNA SETIAWAN1, LUCY D. N. SASONGKO2, I KETUT ADNYANA1
1Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia.
2Pharmaceutics Research Group, School Of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Tamarind pulp water extract has an anti-obesity effect in high fat or high carbohydrate induced-rats. To use tamarind pulp water extract as an anti-
obesity traditional medicine, we need to evaluate the safety of tamarind pulp water extract for long term use. The objective of this research was to
evaluate the safety of long term administration of Tamarind pulp water extract. Tamarind pulp was extracted with hot distilled water and freeze-
dried to obtain dry extract. Animals were divided to six groups, 20 animals per sex per groups. Control group and satellite control group received
CMC-Na 0.5% 1 mL/100gram bw per day. Treatment groups were received tamarind pulp water extract at the doses 75 mg/kg bw per day, 200
mg/kg bw per day, 1000 mg/kg bw per day and 1000 mg/kg bw per day (satellite) for six months. Animals behaviour, body weight, organ index,
urine pH, urine density and histopathology of the animals were evaluated after six-months administration of tamarind pulp water extract. After six
months administration of tamarind pulp water extract, there are no significant changes in animal behaviour, urine pH, urine density, and body
weight of the tested group compared to the control group. Body weight of male rats in satellite 1000 mg/kg bw group are significatly increased in
week 30 compared to satellite control group (410,25±54,68 vs 440,70±38,90). Spleen index of female rats of 200 mg/kg bw group is reduced
(0,21±0,03 vs 0,24±0,06). Uterus index of female rats in 75 mg/kg bw group is reduced (0,23±0,06 vs 0,29±0,12). Kidneys index of male rats in
1000 mg/kg bb group is increased (0,70±0,07 vs 0,63±0,05). This study showed that long term administration of tamarind pulp water extract were
save and well tolerated.
Keywords: Tamarindus indica L., Tamarind, Long Term Toxicity.
Vol 9, issue 6 , 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ROLES OF PALIASA (KLEINHOVIA HOSPITA L.) LEAF EXTRACT ON DOXORUBICIN ACUTE

TOXICITY IN RATS
YULIA Y. DJABIR1, MUHAMMAD A. ARSYAD2, SARTINI1, SUBEHAN1

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia. Email:
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy may cause cardiac, hepatic and renal toxicities that lead to complication in cancer patients. Paliasa leaf
(Kleinhovia hospita L) has been empirically used in South Sulawesi, Indonesia to treat hepatitis and hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to examine the
protective effects of Paliasa to reduce DOX toxicity not only in liver, but also in cardiac and renal functions. Thirty male rats were assigned to the
following groups: Group I was given NaCMC 1% (controls), group II was given NaCMC 1% and DOX i.p injection (25 mg/kg); group III, IV and V
were treated with Paliasa extract 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg orally for 5 days, respectively, prior to DOX i.p injection. After 24 hours, blood was
collected for biomarker analysis, including cardiac (CK-MB and AST), liver biomarker (AST and ALT), and renal biomarkers (urea and creatinine).
The result showed that DOX significantly increased CK-MB, AST, ALT, urea and creatinine levels (group II) compared to controls (p<0.05).
Administration of Paliasa extract in any dose significantly lowered the liver specific biomarker ALT. However, only at dose of 250 mg/kg (Group
IV), Paliasa extract significantly reduced AST and CK-MB levels (p<0.05). Lower urea and creatinine levels (renal biomarkers) were found in groups
III, IV and V compared to group II, but it was not statistically significant. Paliasa extract protected the rats from liver toxicity induced by DOX, but
only dose 250 mg/kg was demonstrated to reduce cardiac toxicity. Paliasa extract only marginally improved renal biomarkers in DOX-treated rats.
Keywords: Doxorubicin, Toxicity, Paliasa extract.
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PHARMACIST PROVIDED COUNSELING IMPROVES MEDICATION ADHERENCE AMONG

HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
YOSI FEBRIANTI*, SAEPUDIN

Clincal Pharmacy Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The main objective of the study is to evaluate the impact of pharmacist-provided counseling among hypertensive patient. The research was
conducted using control group design with pretest posttest design to evaluate the impacts of pharmacist-provided counseling on the medication
adherence and further on blood pressure control among hypertensive patients. Subject who patients receiving antihypertension therapy divided
into two groups, consisting of control group (not receiving counseling the researcher) and intervention group (follow-up by researcher every 2
weeks during a 3-month period). Data collection was conducted by interview and completion of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale
questionnaire. Patients were selected randomly and group into, while value of blood pressure were taken from medical record. They were observed
for one month. There were 106 research subject consisting of 53 patients for intervention group and 53 patients for control group. There was
significant difference in the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale category between the control group and the intervention group (p<0.01). The
significant decrease of the average of blood tension occurred in the intervention group of 19.2 point (p<0.01) of systolic blood pressure and 6.03
point (p<0.0) of diastolic blood pressure, while there was no significant means of change in the control group. The result of correlation test between
the adherence and the therapy result indicate a positive significant correlation between the category of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale and
systolic blood pressure (p<0.01; r=0,725) and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.01; r=0.205). This research concludes that pharmacist-provide
counseling improves medication adherence and further improves blood pressure control among hypertensive patients.
Keywords: Adherence, Blood pressure, Counseling, MMAS.
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EPITOPE PREDICTION TO DEVELOP LECTIN-LIKE OXIDIZED-LDL RECEPTOR-1 (LOX-1) DNA

VACCINE AS ANTI-ATHEROSCLEROSIS PREVENTIVE THERAPY
VALENTINA YURINA
Pharmacy Study Program, Medical Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammation condition which leads to other manifestations, such as cardiovascular disease. At present, cardiovascular
disease is still being the major cause of death in the world. Atherosclerosis is started from oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) uptake into endothelial cells
through Lectin-like oxidized-LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) as its main receptor. Therefore, the inhibition of this receptor is expected to prevent the
atherosclerosis development. In silico study reduces time and cost needed to develop conventional vaccine. It also brings higher efficacy and safety.
Development of LOX-1 DNA vaccine was began with database collection in Protein Data Bank and Uniprot. Epitope prediction was conducted using
NetMHC 4.0, NetCTL.Pan 1.1, NetMHCStab 1.0, dan PickPocket 1.1 to predict the T cells epitope. The result revealed that the LOX-1 was predicted to
have two epitopes, FLYSPWWCLA and WLWEDGSPLM. The predicted epitopes have been confirmed to have no similarity with other human
proteins. Therefore, it can be used as a reference to develop atherosclerosis vaccine candidate.
Key Words: Atherosclerosis, Epitope, In silico.
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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VALUE-ADDED PHARMACY SERVICES AND PATIENT

SATISFACTION: A MALAYSIAN EXPERIENCE
ZULFAN ZAZULI1*, ANUSHAMBIGAI BALASUBRAMANIAM1, KUSNANDAR ANGGADIREDJA1

1Pharmacology-Clinical Pharmacy Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Value-added service (VAS) was implemented by Ministry of Health of Malaysia to ease the patients in obtaining their refill medications in the
government hospitals and clinics. A study was conducted to compare patient satisfaction within the value-added pharmacy services and traditional
counter service (TCS). A survey was conducted with randomly selected patients who used either TCS (n=108) or VAS (n = 162) to collect their
medication refills. A questionnaire was used to obtain respondents demographic information and satisfaction. Satisfaction scores of two group
which measured using Lickert Scale were compared using correlation analysis. Compared with TCS users, more VAS users were mostly working
personals (65.4 vs 35.6%, p<0.001) and monthly income higher than MYR3000 (72.59 vs 27.41%, p<0.001). VAS users had higher tertiary
education (58.46 vs 41.54%, p>0.05). Majority of the respondents were VAS users and based on the satisfaction scores, VAS users were generally
more satisfied (60 vs 40%, p>0.05) than those of TCSs. Delivery pharmacy services users were less satisfied with their expenditure on prescription
refills than those using call-and-collect services (10 vs 50%, p>0.05). The study demonstrated the strengths of VAS over TCS in improving patient
satisfaction.
Keywords: Patient satisfaction, Pharmacy services, Value-added services, Traditional counter service
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OPTIMATION OF ETHANOL CONCENTRATION IN EXTRACTION OF EUGENOL FROM

GALANGAL RHIZOME
ADI YUGATAMA*, NUR W. ARDIYATI, IRA YULIANTI

Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Galangal (Alpinia galanga), particularly its rhizome, is widely used as traditional medicine. One of the compounds in galangal is eugenol, which has
proven having various pharmacological activities. Aimed of this study was determining optimal ethanol concentration as solvent for extracting
eugenol from galangal. Galangal rhizome extraction was done by kinetic maseration at 50 °C with various ethanol concentration as solvent (0%;
30%; 50%; 70% and 96%) with ratio of rhizome and ethanol was 1:10. Extraxt obtained then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively its eugenol
concentration by thin layer chromatography-densitometry with n-hexan – ethyl acetate (4:1) as mobile phase and silica gel 60 F 254 as stationary
phase, at 283 nm wavelength. Result of qualitative analysis showed that extraction of galangal rhizome in 70% ethanol and 96% ethanol was
positively containing eugenol. Highest eugenol concentration obtained from galangal rhizome extraction in 70% ethanol, which was 4.85%.
Keywords: Eugenol, Galangal, Extraction.
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PROFILE ASSESSMENT FOR HOSPITAL READMISSION AMONG MALE PATIENTS OF

ACUTE EXACERBATION CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AT
SELECTED HOSPITAL IN MALAYSIA
NUR S. A. B. DZAKWAN1, ENTI HARIADHA2*

1Bachelor of Pharmacy Candidate, Management & Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Malaysia. 2Head of Clinical Pharmacy Unit,
Management & Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Malaysia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common lung disease characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible and is both
chronic and progressive. Acute Exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) is a sudden worsening of COPD symptoms that typically lasts for several days.
AECOPD readmission has been one of global concern and was the fifth leading cause of disease burden in Malaysia, both clinically and economically.
This study is aimed to determine the readmission rate of AECOPD patients into one of the selected hospital and to compare the management
pattern of AECOPD with the Malaysian Clinical Practice Guideline on COPD 2009. This study also aimed to evaluate patient's profile during their re-
hospitalization period and to evaluate the cost of treatment during re-admission of AECOPD patients. A cross-sectional retrospective study design
was employed, whereby data collection was based upon AECOPD Patient's Medical Record of readmission into the Male Medical ward from 1st
January to 31st December 2015 using patient’s data collection form. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0 whereby
descriptive statistics, Fisher-Exact Test, oneway ANOVA and Paired Sample t-test were utilized. Total sample population collected was 100 AECOPD
patients during the study period. Majority of patients aged from 60-69 years old (32%) and 74% of them are Malays. 76% of them were associated
with cigarette smoking and 57% were having concomitant disease of cardiovascular disorder. Out of total 100 study population, 32% was
readmitted in more than one year since previous hospitalization, while 28% was readmitted within less than 30 days. The longest day of
hospitalization spent was 12 days but majority (56%) spent less than 5 days of hospitalization. 100% of study population received management of
SPO2, inhaled SABA, IV corticosteroid or tablet prednisolone, Combinations between Augmentin and Azithromycin (45%) were the common
antibiotics prescribed among the study population. Significant statistical difference for medication adherence with readmission days less than 30
days with p-value=0.00 has been observed. The readmission rate of AECOPD was seen highest among Malay aged between 60-69 years old.
Medication adherence and smoking revealed to be the major contributing factors for recurrent admissions. The management pattern of AECOPD
complied with the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of COPD 2009 by MOH, Malaysia. Therefore, the null hypothesis was accepted.
Keywords: Readmission, AECOPD, Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Medication cost, COPD.
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THE IMPACT OF PHARMACIST COUNSELLING ON KNOWLEDGE, ADHERENCE, AND QUALITY

OF LIFE OF HIV/AIDS PATIENTS AT VCT POLYCLINIC IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN PADANG,
INDONESIA
DEDY ALMASDY1*, JELLY PERMATASARI1, RAVEINAL2, NINA KURNIASIH3

1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, Indonesia. 2 Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Indonesia. 3Dr Rasidin Hospital, Indonesia.
Email: [email protected]/[email protected]
ABSTRACT
The problems in the treatment of HIV/AIDS are very complex. Anti-retrovirus (ARV) therapy is a therapy that aimed to boost the immune system of
the HIV/AIDS patients. In this therapy, adherence from the patients is a must to achieve the output therapy and to improve the patient’s quality of
life. The pharmacists are able to play their rule to help patients overcome the barriers of adherence by giving counselling to improve patient’s
knowledge about the medications and diseases. A single group pretest-posttest design with quasi-experimental was conducted to evaluate the
impact of pharmacist counselling on the knowledge, adherence, and quality of life in HIV/AIDS patients in VCT policlinic, in a public hospital in
Padang. Knowledge, adherence, and quality of life were assessed by using a validated instrument in the first and second visit. A total of 124 patients
completed the study. The data was analyzed by using Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon test, paired t test and independent t-test. The result showed that the
knowledge, adherence and quality of life of the patients improved significantly (p>0.05). Furthermore, the study found that the characteristic of
demography (sex, age, education and occupation) had no influence to the outcome of knowledge, adherence and quality of life of the patients. The
study showed that pharmacist counselling has a positive influence on knowledge, adherence, and quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients.
Keywords: Pharmacist counselling, Quality of life, KAP research, HIV/AIDS patients
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OVERUSE OF ACID SUPPRESSANT DRUGS AS STRESS ULCER PROPHYLAXIS IN ICU

INPATIENTS OF RS X PURWOKERTO
LAKSMI MAHARANI*, IKA MUSTIKANINGTIAS, HENING PRATIWI

Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
In Indonesia, as many as 93% of ICU inpatients using acid suppressant drugs for stress ulcer prophylaxis, particularly ranitidin. Inappropriate use
of stress ulcer prophylaxis in ICU inpatients can lead to potential adverse drugs reaction and increase the treatment cost. This study aimed to
determine the appropriateness of acid suppressants drugs as stress ulcer prophylaxis and the cost saving of inappropriate use of stress ulcer
prophylaxis. This study was conducted using retrospective method of ICU inpatients’ medical records and financial documents. Samples were
selected from all ICU inpatients of RS X Purwokerto from June 2014 until May 2015 by simple random sampling. Data of 70 patients were analyzed
using ASHP Guideline of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis (1999) to assess appropriateness of indication and dosage. Potential cost saving were calculated
from treatment cost of acid suppressant drugs in patients which had inappropriate indication. The treatment cost before and after analysis then
compared using wilcoxon test. The result showed that 22.86% were having inappropriate indication of acid suppresants drug used for stress ulcer
prophylaxis. From 72.14% who had appropriate indication of stress ulcer prophylaxis, only 33.33% were having appropriate dosage of acid
suppresant drugs for the indication. Total potential cost saving of inappropriate indication was 522,075 IDR and significantly lowering the
treatment cost in patients (p<0,05).
Keywords : Acid suppressant drugs, Stress ulcer prophylaxis, Cost saving.
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COST SAVING OF STRESS ULCER PROPHYLAXIS USE IN NON ICU INPATIENTS
HENING PRATIWI*, LAKSMI MAHARANI, IKA MUSTIKANINGTIAS
Faculty of Health Science, Pharmacy Department, Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Stress ulcer is an acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Sixty five percents of acid suppressant drug use as stress ulcer prophylaxis
inconcordance with consensus review of patients need, so 55% of them were stopped. Inappropriate use of acid suppressant drugs around 62%-
67% , it potentially causes adverse drug reaction risk and increases the treatment cost. This research aimed to calculate the potency of cost saving
from stress ulcer prophylaxis therapy inappropriateness in non ICU inpatients. It was a non-experimental research which held in medical record
and financial department of “X” hospital in Purwokerto. This study was conducted using retrospective method, then data were collected by using
simple random sampling method. Sample were collected from non ICU inpatients in May 2015. There were 80 patients include to the inclusion
criteria. We referred ASHP guidelines of stress ulcer prophylaxis (1999) for non ICU patients, then cost minimization analysis was used to calculate
cost saving. The results showed that the percentage of indication appropriateness was 32.5%, and the percentage of dose appropriateness was
18%. The total cost of the patient before cost saving calculation was IDR. 31,744,968 and total cost after cost saving calculation was IDR. 2,500,547.
So the total of potential cost saving of inaproppriate indications was IDR. 6.739.498. Data were examined using Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test, and the
results showed significant level 0,000 (p≤ 0,05). There was a significant difference between the total cost before and after cost saving calculation.
Keywords: Stress ulcer prophylaxis, non-ICU, Cost Minimization Analysis.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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PHARMACIST’S HOME CARE IMPACT TO TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

ADHERENCE AND GLYCAEMIC CONTROL IN BANYUMAS REGION
IKA MUSTIKANINGTIAS1*, LAKSMI MAHARANI1,3, HENING PRATIWI1,3, VITIS V. F. R. UTAMI1,3, HANIF N.

BAROROH1,3, TUNGGUL A. PURWONUGROHO1,3, GITHA F. GALISTIANI2,3, BUDI RAHARJO3
1Faculty of Health Science, Pharmacy Department, Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas
Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Indonesia. 3Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia, Pengurus Cabang Banyumas. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
A pharmacy diabetes care model resulted a significantly improve in clinical and humanistic outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the impact
of pharmacist’s home care on patient adherence and glycemic control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Banyumas region. It was an
experimental study in T2DM patient, multisite, pre-post measure in Banyumas region, during December 2015 until June 2016. All of respondents
divided into two groups: control and intervention. The data of adherence and glycemic control parameter were taken twice, by pre-test and post-
test. Pharmacist’s home care was given to intervention group after pre-test, and to control group after post-test by community pharmacist.
Respondents in the control group was given usual care during the intervention group received home care. Data assessed was difference score
between pre-test and post-test of adherence score and glycaemic control parameter in each group. The assessment of adherence score using
Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) questionnaire, while glycaemic control parameter using HbA1c. There were 35 community
pharmacists with 90 respondents (49 and 41, intervention group and control group respectively) until the end of therapy. The data showed
baseline of respondents were same on pre-test score of adherence and HbA1c. For the intervention group, there were significantly improvement in
both MMAS-8 score (p=0,000) and HbA1c (p=0,040). No improvement HbA1c showed in control group (p=0,721), but there were improvement in
MMAS-8 score (p=0,000) like intervention group. A few of community pharmacists derived both respondents group, intervention and control, it
may causes both group showed adherence improvement. Pharmacist’s home care resulted in significant improvement in adherence and HbA1c.
Thus, community pharmacists can contribute to improving adherence and glycaemic control for T2DM in Banyumas region.
Keyword: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Pharmacist’s home care, Adherence, HbA1c
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KAEMPFEROL FROM STELECHOCARPUS BURAHOL, (BL.) HOOK F. & TH. LEAVES
DINIATIK1,2*, SUWIJIYO PRAMONO1, SUGENG RIYANTO1

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Muhammadiyah University of Purwokerto, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Stelechocarpus burahol, (Bl.) Hook f. & Th. is a plant widely distributed in Java Province of Indonesia. The aim of this study was to identify
compounds from the leaves of S. burahol that exhibited activity as xanthine oxidase inhibitor. The leaves were extracted with methanol and
hydrolized with methanol HCl, then partitioned sequentially with chloroform and ethyl acetate. The fractions of ethyl acetate were separated by
coloumn chromatography with cellulose as stationary phase and methanol 50% as mobile phase. From this purification, three compounds had been
identified and one of them is Kaempferol. This compound has activity as xanthine oxidase inhibitor with IC50 values ranging from 0.27 to 0.45
μg/mL. Kaempferol showed the highest inhibition of 0.27 μg/mL.
Keywords: Kaempferol, Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor, Stelechocarpus burahol, (Bl.) Hook f. & Th.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQOL) OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

OUTPATIENTS AT DR. SARDJITO HOSPITAL YOGYAKARTA: AN INSULIN-BASED THERAPY
APPROACH
LOLITA1*, TRI M. ANDAYANI2

1Ahmad Dahlan University, Indonesia. 2Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Diabetes Mellitus Type II is a lifelong disease which needs an intensive therapy to maintain stable blood sugar levels. Insulin has proved as an
effective treatment modality for type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of insulin based therapy (insulin
monotherapy-combination therapy of insulin with oral hypoglycemic agents) towards the health related quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus
outpatient at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. This study was a descriptive cross sectional study design. Data was derived from interview and
medical records from patients in Endocrinology Clinic Dr. Sardjito Hospital between July 2012-March 2013. Inclusion criteria were type 2 diabetes
mellitus outpatient with insulin based therapy, no communication problem and willing to participate this study. The participants were excluded if
they have a mental and language retardation, uncomplete medical records, and pregnant woman. The quality of life was measured by Diabetes
Quality of Life Clinical Trial Quessionnaire (DQLCTQ). QOL was analyzed statistically using Mann Whitney based on the type of therapy (insulin
monotherapy and combination therapy of insulin-oral hypoglycemic agents). The results were reviewed for 137 patients, the largest percentage
(73%) received combination therapy while the smallest percentage (27%) were single therapy. The type of therapy (monotherapy insulin-
combination therapy of insulin with oral hypoglycemic agent) was significantly influence the energy domain (p= 0,027).
Keywords: Health related quality of life, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Insulin based therapy.
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SURVIVAL TRENDS IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS WITH TB AS CO-MORBIDITY DURING HAART

TREATMENT AT INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINIC, MALAYSIA
KASHIF U. KHAN 1*, AMER H. KHAN1, SAYED A. S. SULAIMAN1, CHOW T. SOO2

1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. 2Infectious Disease Department, General Hospital Pulau Pinang,
Malaysia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to explore and observe the survival function of HIV/AIDS patients with TB as co-morbidity and received highly active
antiretroviral therapy. This study was an observational retrospective study comprising patients enrolled diagnosed HIV infection and received
HAART therapy from January 2007-December 2012. This study conducted at Infectious Disease Department of Hospital Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Patient’s socio-demographic details with clinical features were recorded. Data was descriptively analyzed using statistical package for social
sciences (SPSS 20). From 792 patients that received HAART therapy, 607 (76.6%) were male and 185 (23.3%) were female. Out of 144 (18.18%)
patients had experienced TB as co-morbidity associated HIV/AIDS infection. Out of 117 (81.2%) TB as co-morbidity were reported in male patients
while 27 (18.7%) in female patients. On Chi-square test, gender and the occurrence of TB associated with HIV/AIDS p=0.14. Out of 144 (18.8%), 90
(62.5%) patient in 30-50 years experienced TB as co-morbidity associated HIV/AIDS with a statistical association of p=0.23. Out of 81 (56.2%)
patients was observed in Chinese and 35 (24.3%) in Malay ethnicity with statistical association of p=0.87. Median follow up time of all patients was
36 months or 3 years (inter-quartile range 33.5-38.4). Survival trend in the beginning of the HAART showed poor survival, however later on with
continuation with the therapy shows better survival. On multivariate Cox regression, survival showed better after 22 months of the HAART therapy.
However, the survival function was better in female (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.85 - 1.21, p 0.83) than in male patients (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.85 - 1.25, p 0.70).
The study indicates higher survival function in female patients of HIV-TB, relation of age, gender and the treatment duration of HAART on survival
function of HIV-TB patients. However, a multicenter study with a large sample size may provide us with better understanding of this relationship.
Keywords: HIV/AIDS, Survival trends, Tuberculosis.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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PHARMACIST’S COUNSELLING EFFECTS ON SATISFACTION WITH INHALED ASTHMA

TREATMENT FOR ASTHMA PATIENT UNDERGOING OUTPATIENT CARE
MUTIARA HERAWATI1*, LUKMAN HAKIM2, I DEWA P. PRAMANTARA3

1Post Graduate Student of the Faculty of Pharmacy of Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy of Gadjah Mada
University, Indonesia. 3Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder in the respiratory tract. Chronic inflammation occurs in the respiratory tract which is hyper-responsive
could lead to airflow obstruction and restriction due to bronchoconstriction, mucus clots, and increased inflammation when exposure emerges on
risk factors. One of many theraphies for asthma is inhalers. Asthma patients would not be able to use inhalers correctly, unless they are given clear
instructions of how to use them. The research is meant to find out whether counseling can result in higher satisfaction over the use of inhalers that
it is expected to be able to control asthma symptoms for patients with asthma, given inhalation therapy at the outpatient polyclinics of regional
general hospitals of Yogyakarta and Sleman. The research included 75 male patients consists of men and women aged 18-70 years with various
educational backgrounds, employment status, duration of asthma, asthma severity stage, and its concomitant diseases. The subjects were
purposively divided into 2 groups, consisting of 38 patients in a control group and 37 patients in an intervention group. This study was
experimental research design using pre test-post test with control group. The assessment on the level of asthma control, used the Asthma Control
Test questionnaire (ACT) while for the satisfaction level the questionnaires of FSI-10 (Feeling of Satisfaction with Inhaler) was applied. The
outcome of the research using Mann Whitney analysis test showed the increase in the satisfaction score over inhalation therapy in the counseling
and control groups were 5.45% and 0.97% respectively. From the outcome, it could be concluded that counseling could improve asthma control
and increase satisfaction over inhalation therapy faster.
Keywords: Asthma, Inhaler, Asthma control level, Satisfaction with inhaled.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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SPERMICIDE GELS FORMULATION FROM THE EXTRACT OF DURIAN’S (DURIO ZIBETHINUS

MURR.) CORTEX
NANI KARTINAH*, REVANI HARDIAN, ANNI NURLIANI, MIA FITRIANA

Departement of Pharmacy, Lambung Mangkurat University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) cortex extract is a natural spermicide ingredient which has an immotile effect against human spermatozoa in vitro.
Chemical content in Durian’s cortex extract is poorly soluble in water thus solid dispersion process is required. The purpose of the study was to
determine the characteristic profiles of spermicidal gel formulation from the extract of Durian’s cortex. This research used used olid dispersion
method with PEG 6000 variation of 2% b/b (F1); 4% b/b (F2), 6% b/b (F3), and 10% b/b (F4). Characteristics test which conducted were
organoleptic, homogeneity, pH value, viscosity, spreading and adhesion test of gel. Results showed variations of PEG 6000 had no effect in
organoleptic and homogenity of gel, increased viscosity and adhesion of gel but reduce pH value and spreading of gel. Variations of PEG 6000 affect
the characteristic profile of spermicide gel from extract of Durian’s cortex (Sig < 0.05).
Keywords: D. zibethinus, Spermicide gels, Solid dispersion, PEG 6000.
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ALLELE FREQUENCIES OF TWO MAIN METFORMIN TRANSPORTER GENES: SLC22A1

RS628031 A>G AND SLC47A1 RS2289669 G>A IN INDONESIAN POPULATION
VITARANI D. A. NINGRUM1,2*, ZULLIES IKAWATI2, AHMAD H. SADEWA3, ROBIKHUL IKHSAN4

1Department of Pharmacy, Islamic University of Indonesia, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia.
3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. 4Department of Internal Medicine, DR. Sardjito
Hospital, Indonesia. Email: [email protected], [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding metformin transporters play important role on interindividual variability response of
metformin. Organic Cation Transporter (OCT) 1 encoded by the SLC22A1, is responsible for influx metformin into hepatocyte while the excretion of
metformin into bile and urine is primarily facilitated by MATE1 (gene SLC47A1). This study determined the distribution of allele frequencies
rs628031 A>G (M408V) OCT1 and rs2289669 G>A MATE1 in Indonesian type 2 diabetes patients. The study included 86 type 2 diabetes patients
with metformin as the mainstay therapy, aged 30-60 years from 6 primary health centres. Genotyping was determined using PCR-RFLP method. G
Allele frequency of rs628031 and rs2289669 A allele were 41.55% and 52.94%, respectively. No statistically different of alleles frequency between
males and females (P>0.05). The frequency of identified SLC22A1 gene rs628031 in the Indonesian population was quite similar to the frequencies
observed in African-Americans and other Asian Population as well as SLC47A1 gene rs2289669 in Chinese. The high frequency of the rs628031 G
allele and rs2289669 A allele require further pharmacogenetics study of polymorphisms-related to the variability of metformin pharmacokinetics
and pharmacodynamics in Indonesian population.
Keywords: SNPs, SLC22A1 gene, SLC47A1 gene, Metformin, Indonesian population.
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THE EFFECTS OF SHORT MESSAGE SERVICE (SMS) REMINDERS ON MEDICATION

ADHERENCE AND BLOOD PRESSURE OUTCOME IN HYPERTENSION PATIENTS: A
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY
VALENTINA M. SRIKARTIKA*, DIFA INTANNIA, NANI KARTINAH, SOFHIA R. DINANTI

Program Study of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Lambung Mangkurat University, Indonesia. Email:
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Hypertension patients who are not adhere to their medication could have undesirable impacts on blood pressure control hence intervention is
required to enhance patient’s adherence. The aim of this research is to identify influence in short message service (SMS) reminders on the level of
medication adherence and blood pressure outcomes of patients with hypertension in BLUD Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin. This research is randomized
controlled study. Ninety two hypertension patients who had low and moderate level of baseline adherence based on The Morisky Medication
Adherence Scale (MMAS) questionnaire were randomized (1:1) into control and intervention group. Patients in intervention group received
scheduled daily SMS reminders, whereas those in the control group were not exposed to any intervention. Followed fourteen days, participants
were observed for alteration of MMAS questionnaire’s scores and the outcome of blood pressure. In intervention group, there was a significant
increase of MMAS score after fourteen days of SMS reminders (p<0.001). In contrast, group who did not received intervention had no significant
change on MMAS score (p=0.480). Furthermore, participants in intervention group significantly (p<0.001) had a higher average of MMAS score’s
improvement (1,70±0,89) compared to control group (0,04±0,41). In terms of blood pressure outcomes, intervention group had significant
(p<0.001) decrease of systole (14,56±5,85) and diastole (7,28±7,04) blood pressure after intervention than control group (0,65±3,26 and 0,43±2,94
respectively). SMS intervention to hypertension patients improves level of adherence and blood pressure outcomes.
Keywords: Short message service, Adherence, Hypertension.
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A QUALITATIVE STUDY PERSPECTIVES, EXPECTATIONS AND NEEDS OF EDUCATION IN

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)
RIFAATUL L. MAHMUDAH1*, ZULLIES IKAWATI2, DJOKO WAHYONO2

1Doctoral Student of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. 2Department of Pharmacology and Clinical
Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Education in patients with chronic diseases such as COPD, has proven effective in improving the quality of life of patients. More information is
necessary to determine the needs of COPD patients in therapy. The authors performed to explore the perceptions, expectations, and needs of COPD
patients to education as part of the pharmaceutical services. This study is a qualitative phenomenology analysis in four hospitals in Mojokerto, East
Java, Indonesia. The study consisted of 14 patients diagnosed with COPD for at least three months, aged  40 years old. The patients were
interviewed about perceptions, expectations, and education needed. All patients assume that education is very important to do the COPD patients,
and some respondents expect the education given by medical practitioner whenever to visited in hospital. This step is often not realized by the
hospital so there is rarely a hospital that wants to educate regularly in COPD patients. As a result, treatments of COPD which not optimal and failure.
During this time, the respondents are educated only at initial diagnosis by a doctor, and the rest is given only when they ask robustly. Educational
materials are in the range on the causes and sometimes in disease processes as well as about the treatment that must be endured. Continuing
education for patients with COPD that provides the knowledge and skills that support treatment. The provision of education should not be in the
hospital but can be given in outpatient treatment. Pharmacists in its role to monitoring drug therapy should play an active role in the provision of
education for COPD patients on an ongoing basis.
Keywords: Perceptions, Expectations, Needs, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
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NURSES’ KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES TOWARD ADMINISTRATION OF LONGTERM

ORAL MEDICATIONS IN PRE-OPERATIVE FASTING PERIOD
ZAKKY CHOLISOH*, DEWI I. SETYORINI, TRI YULIANTI

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The most crucial problem in peri-operative fasting period is the withdrawal of regular medications that could increase the risk of non-surgical
complications which may cause harm to the patient undergoing surgery. The aims of this research was to evaluate the influence of nurses’
knowledge on pre-oprerative fasting procedures, age, and work experience on their attitudes and beliefs about withholding oral medications
during pre-operative fasting period. The study was a cross-sectional survey of nurses attitude and knowledge in the orthopaedic hospital in
Surakarta. Sample was selected by purposive sampling method. Survey instrument was developed to assess nurse’s knowledge on pre-operative
fasting, assess nurses’ attitudes on withholding medication in this period and demographic characteristic of the respondent. The relationship
between the level of knowledge and the level of attitude; age and the level of attitudes, length of work (work experience) and the level of attitudes,
age and the level of knowledge, work experience and the level of knowledge were analyzed by regression/correlation. The result of the survey
which administered to 77 nurses showed that there was a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the level of attitude
(Somers’D directional measures). Nurses who had higher scores in knowledge section of the survey were more confident to deliver or withhold
patients’ medications (p=0.002). However, age or length of work did not have any relationship with either level of knowledge or level of attitude.
Keywords: Pre-operative fasting period, Medicines, Nurses.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES TOWARDS SEX AND EMERGENCY

CONTRACEPTIVES AMONG FEMALE UNIVERSITY HEALTHCARE STUDENTS IN KUALA
LUMPUR AND SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
CHRISTINA C. O. YEE1, MUHAMMAD A. I. BAIG2*

1Bachelor of Pharmacy Candidate, Asia Metropolitan University (AMU), Malaysia. 2Head of Clinical Pharmacy Department, Asia
Metropolitan University (AMU), Malaysia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The major factor limiting the use of emergency contraceptive (EC) may be inadequate information about their effectiveness and availability or
unfavourable opinions about their safety due to misinformation. Unwanted teenage pregnancies have a notable detrimental impact on the learners’
trajectory and have been associated with jeopardising the students’ educational progress and future career prospects. These pregnancies are
mostly unplanned and unintended and many are terminated, either legally or illegally. The study was carried to assess the knowledge, attitude and
practice towards sex and emergency contraceptives among female University healthcare students. The aim of this study is to assess knowledge,
attitude and practice about sex and emergency contraception among female university healthcare students to prevent unintended pregnancy. A
cross-sectional survey was conducted among female students at three universities. All girls from a healthcare were included in the study. Data was
collected by using self-administered questionnaires at a single point in time in all university that were eligible for the study. Out of total 395 female
students, 81.52% (322) had positive attitude towards sex. In this study more than half 72.66% (287) of the respondents reported that they know at
least one of the regular modern contraceptive methods. The finding also revealed that 100% (395) of the respondents have heard EC。 However,
according to the summery index, their actual level of knowledge of EC is generally low 35.4% (140). In this study, of those respondents who have
heard of emergency contraceptives, only about 17.22% (68) students have ever used emergency contraception. The findings of the study have
shown that about 26.58% (105) of the respondents had sexual intercourse. From those students who have history of sexual activity, nearly 57.14%
(n=60) of respondents had history of pregnancy out which 78.33% (n=47) were unplanned and 61.67% (37) of them gone into induced abortion in
which 16.66% (10) of them were unsafe. Knowledge of emergency contraception by students is low and the method is still underused. Strategies to
promote use of emergency contraception should be focused on spreading accurate information through medical sources, which have been found to
be reliable and associated with creating awareness and good knowledge on emergency contraception.
Keywords: Knowledge, Practice, Attitude, Emergency Contraception (EC), Sex, Female students.
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KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE AMONG

UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AT SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN
MALAYSIA
CHANG P. GIE1, MUHAMMAD A. I. BAIG2*

1Bachelor of Pharmacy candidate Asia Metropolitan University (AMU), Malaysia. 2Head of Clinical Pharmacy Department, Asia
Metropolitan University (AMU), Malaysia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Sexually transmitted Diseases (STDs) rank among the most important health issues for the people especially the young adults worldwide. Young
people tend to engage in sexual activity more in the past decade as compared to 1970s, and 1980s. Research about young adults’ knowledge and
attitude towards STDs are crucial to help establish control and education programmes. The aim of the study was to assess the level of STD
knowledge and attitude among undergraduate students and thereby determine the differences between the selected demographic variables and
STD knowledge. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2016 to June 2016 in Selangor and Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Students were
involved in the study by using purposive sampling method. Undergraduate students were approached and asked to complete self-administered and
anonymous pre-validated questionnaires online. Google docs were used as an additional recruitment strategy. SPSS was used to analyse the results
statistically and results were presented in tabular form. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Data was collected from 280
undergraduate students aged between 18 to 28 years. The study indicated that majority of the undergraduate students (97.14%) had low to
moderate knowledge level to STDs with mean knowledge score was 16.27±5.55. Accounting for socio-demographics, it was noted that medical
students were the variables associated with higher STD knowledge scores. Knowledge level was significantly difference with education background
(p = 0.000) and sexual experience (p = 0.000). Internet (74.6%) was the most frequently media which students seek information about STD. Over
half of the respondents (66.4%) lack of empathy toward STD patient. Nearly half of the respondents (48.2%) worry a little or not worry at all if they
catch an STD. About one-third of respondents (30.8%) stated that the reason for condom usage was primarily to prevent unwanted pregnancy.
Almost all of the respondents (99.6%) showed a positive attitude toward learning more about STDs. This study provided evidence of an inadequate
level of knowledge of STDs among undergraduate students. Stigmatization and lack of empathy is still a big problem among university students.
Essentially, it is recommended that educational interventions strategies could be implemented to address misconceptions about STD and increase
STD knowledge.
Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, STD, Undergraduate students, Malaysia.
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A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF INHIBITORY EFFECT OF HERB ERIOCAULON CINEREUM R.BR ON

CERVICAL CANCER CELL WITH MTT ASSAY METHOD
ARDE T. NUGRAHA*, VIREN RAMADHAN, HERIANTO PANDAPOTAN, FITRA ROMADHONSYAH

Pharmacy Departement, Islamic University of Indonesia, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Eriocaulon cinereum R.Br. is a plant from Bangka Belitung island, known as Rumput Gong. Traditionally infusion of this plant in Bangka Belitung
known as source drink recipe for tumor treatment. Previous study reported family of eriocaulon from China used as an adjuvant for cancer
regiment therapy. Other research reported family of eriocaulon also had cytotoxic effect against A549 cells, MCF-7 and HeLa cells. Ethanol extract
from Eriocaulon cinereum R.Br was obtained by ultrasonic extraction at 40 degrees up to 30 minutes. Total phenolic, flavonoid content and cervical
cancer activity from extract was evaluated by MTT assay method. Total phenolic content is 18,983 mg/g of dry weight extract, expressed as gallic
acid equivalents. Total flavonoid concentration is 63,518 mg/g, expressed as quercetin equivalents. Results showed that the ethanol extract from
Eriocaulon cinereum R.Br potential as an anticancer with IC50 427,79 ppm. This study has revealed anticancer activity of Eriocaulon cinereum R.Br
from Bangka Belitung Island which potential as further investigation.
Keywords: Eriocaulon cinereum R.Br, Ultrasonic extraction, MTT assay, IC50.
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EFFECT OF ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUGS ON SERUM PROTEIN LEVELS IN PEDIATRIC

TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS
FAJRI GAFAR1*, HELMI ARIFIN1, YUSRI D. JURNALIS2, FINNY F. YANI3

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, Indonesia. 2Division of Gastroenterology
and Hepatology Department of Pediatric, School of Medicines, Andalas University, Indonesia. 3Division of Respirology, Department of
Pediatric, School of Medicines, Andalas University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Changes on serum protein levels in tuberculosis patients may be related to humoral responses and have been used in monitoring the progression of
chronic infections. The aim of this study is to determine the association between antituberculosis drugs and serum protein levels in pediatric
tuberculosis patients during the first two weeks of therapy. We performed a prospective observational study with pretest-posttest design in M.
Djamil Hospital, Padang, Indonesia from September 2015-April 2016. The diagnosis of tuberculosis based on Indonesian pediatric tuberculosis
scoring system. Serum protein levels including total protein, albumin and globulin were performed using spectrophotometric method at baseline
and two weeks after the commencement of TB treatment. Among 41 patients, 26 (63.4%) were boys and 15 (36.6%) girls, with mean ± SD age was
5.89 ± 4.11 years. A total of 19 (46.4%) patients had pulmonary tuberculosis and 22 (53.6%) had extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. The paired samples
t-test showed the administration of antituberculosis drugs statistically had no significant difference on levels of serum total protein (P=0.187),
albumin (P=0.060), and globulin (P=0.957) between baseline levels compared with two weeks after initiation of TB treatment, even though it
showed slightly increased on serum total protein and albumin levels at two weeks of therapy. Administration of antituberculosis drugs did not
affect on levels of serum total protein, albumin, and globulin in pediatric tuberculosis patients during the first two week of therapy.
Keywords: Antituberculosis drugs, Pediatric, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin.
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THE INFLUENCE OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC TO DECREASE THE SCORE OF THE POSITIVE AND

NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE-EXCITED COMPONENT
AYUNINGTYAS G. PURWANDITYO1*, YOSI FEBRIANTI1, CHYNTHIA P. SARI1, OKKY P. SUGIYARTO2, VITARANI D.

A. NINGRUM1
1Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Islamic University of Indonesia, Indonesia. 2The Hospital
Pharmacy, Psychiatric Hospital of Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder with one or more of the following criteria such as delusions, hallucinations, irregular ways of thinking and
talking, behavioral disorders and negative symptoms. Antipsychotics are the main therapy for treatment of schizophrenia. There are differences
using antipsychotics in acute schizophrenia and resistant. However, in reality there is a mismatch between use antipsychotics which should be
given to patient. Therefore, this study is useful to described the type of antipsychotics which decreased the score of the Excited Component of the
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-EC). This study was conducted from January-March 2016 in acute schizophrenia patients in
psychiatric hospital using cross-sectional prospective design. Source of data derived from the patient's medical record and observation. We found
that there is an effect of antipsychotics in decreasing PANSS-EC scores (73.80%). Based on results of statistical analysis, monotherapy of clozapine
significantly gives differences from level of 0.05 compared with antipsychotic monotherapy and combination. Clozapine has significant results
compared with other monotherapy and combination of antipsychotic. It showed that clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic in decreasing
score of PANSS-EC.
Keywords: Schizophrenia, Antipsychotic, Clozapine, PANSS-EC.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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PHARMACISTS KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THEIR ROLES IN TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL PROGRAM

IN MEDAN, INDONESIA
KHAIRUNNISA*, AZIZAH NASUTION

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health problem because its increasing prevalence continuously. According to World Health Organization
(WHO), Indonesia was ranked as the fourth largest TB incident in the world following India, China and South Africa. All elements of society must be
involved for prevention and treatment of TB, especially pharmacists. A cross-sectional study was conducted to observe pharmacists knowledge
about their roles in TB control program using a validated questionnaire in Medan, Indonesia. A number of 117 pharmacists were involved in this
study. Data which is obtained were descriptively analyzed. Distribution of participants who practice in pharmacy health facility is 78.6% and
hospital is 20.5%. Most of the pharmacists (63.2%) had heard about observed treatment short-course (DOTS) directly through seminars and
lectures at universities. More than 90% of them realized that they must play their roles as providers, managers of TB drugs, drugs informants,
ensure adherence about treatment, educate patients and publics especially when using TB drugs as preventive and treatment. Only 26.5% of the
pharmacists who knew that they also could play their role as inventors for early TB which is suspected in the community. This study proved that
pharmacists roles must be improved to optimize TB control programs in Indonesia.
Keywords: Pharmacists role, Tuberculosis, DOTs program.
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COST CONSEQUENCES ANALYSIS OF ISCHEMIC STROKE AS A CONSIDERATION INA-CBGS

NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE IN RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA
FITHRIA D. A. SURYANEGARA
Islamic University of Indonesia, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Implementation of INA CBGs JKN for ischemic stroke patients required cost consequences analysis. The aims of this research is to know
the description therapy and real costs compared with INA CBGs and Length of Stay (LOS) which measured before and after National Health
Insurance. This research was observational analytic with cross sectional design. Methods of retrospective data retrieval used medical record
document and payment receipts in hospitalization ischemic stroke patients in Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta between September-December 2013 and
January-April 2014. Statistical analysis using one sample t-test compared with suitability of the real costs with INA CBGs. Analysis of independent t-
test was used to determine differences in average real costs as well as LOS before and after National Health Insurance. There were discrepancy
between real costs and INA CBGs in the stroke ischemic severity I before National Health Insurance and stroke ischemic severity III of National
Health Insurance class III, that exceeds the INA CBGs package (p>0,05). Independent t-test results showed there was no significant differences
(p>0.05) between the average real cost of ischemic stroke and there was no significant differences LOS in the stroke ischemic patients (p>0.05)
between before and after National Health Insurance.
Keywords: Ischemic Stroke, National Health Security (JKN), INA CBGs.
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ADHERENCE TO SECONDARY STROKE PREVENTION THERAPIES IN ISCHEMIC STROKE

PATIENTS AT HOSPITAL “X”
HIDAYAH KARUNIAWATI1*, ZULLIES IKAWATI2, ABDUL GOFIR3

1Departmentof Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia. 2Faculty of
Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. 3Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Stroke is the second leading of death in the world. Patients who survive from the first stroke have risk factor become recurrent. Based on American
Heart Association/American Stroke Association and PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Syaraf Indonesia), medications which are prescribed to
reduce the risk of recurrent stroke as a secondary stroke prevention therapies include antiplatelet /anticoagulant, as well as antihypertensive and
lipid lowering agent. Patients adherence to the secondary stroke prevention therapies is paramount to reduce the recurrent stroke. This is a
quantitative research and data was collected retrospectively. Numbers of subject in this study were 165 respondents. The participants were
interviewed by researcher about their adherence to secondary stroke prevention by Modified Morisky Adherence Scale 8 (MMAS-8) questionnaire.
Patients adherence were stated as low (MMAS-8 score < 6); moderate (MMAS-8 score = 6-7) and high (MMAS-8 = 8). From 165 participants, 48
participants (29%) were categorized have low adherence, 43 participants (26%) had moderate adherence, and 74 participants (45%) had high
adherence to secondary stroke prevention therapies. The reasons patient not to adhere the medications were because felt better (34%),
forgetfulness (19%), boredom (16%), lack of family support (9%), lack of time (7%), felt worse (5%), concern about side effect (4%), preference to
complementary alternative medicines (3%), and cost (3%). Thus, the number of patients who has high adherence to secondary stroke prevention
was 45% and the reason of participants did not adhere to secondary stroke prevention was because they felt better (34%).
Keywords: Recurrent stroke, Secondary prevention therapy, Adherence.
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DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF MATOA (POMETIA PINNATA) LEAVES EXTRACTS AND FRACTION

AND ITS INFLUENCE ON POTASSIUM AND SODIUM LEVELS
IKA PURWIDYANINGRUM1*, ELIN Y. SUKANDAR1, IRDA FIDRIANNY2

1Pharmacology-Clinical Pharmacy Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia. 2Pharmaceutical
Biology Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine diuretic activity of matoa leaves (Pometia pinnata) extracts and fraction and its influence on potassium
and sodium levels. Matoa leaves were extracted by reflux method followed by evaporation using rotary evaporator. Male wistar rats were divided
into 11 groups i.e. furosemide (3.6 mg/kg bw), control group CMC 0.5%, matoa leaves extracts with doses of 50 mg/kg bw; 100 mg/kg bw; 150
mg/kg bw, matoa leaves aqueous fraction with dose of 10.94 mg/kg bw; 21.88 mg/kg bw; 32.82 mg/kg bw, matoa leaves ethyl acetate fraction with
dose of 4.35 mg/kg bw; 8.71 mg/kg bw; 13.06 mg/kg bw. Rats were placed in metabolic cages. Urine volume was measured for 5 to 24 hours.
Potassium and sodium levels in urine were determined by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The effective dose of matoa leaves extract
and fractions for diuretic activity was matoa leaves ethyl acetate fraction 8.71 mg/kg bw which could increase the excretion of sodium and
potassium in the urine of the male wistar rats. Matoa leaves extract and fractions could increase the excretion of sodium and potassium in the urine
of the male wistar rats.
Keywords: Matoa (Pometia pinnata), Diuretic, Urine volume, Potassium level.
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SIGNIFICANT DRUG INTERACTIONS AMONG INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS
MUHAMMAD Y. HAMIDY*, DINA FAUZIA

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine University of Riau, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Drug interaction is one factor that contributes to drug-related problems. The hospitalized patients in intensive care units (ICU) have a higher risk of
developing drug interactions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potency of significant drug interactions in ICU patients. Drug
Interaction Checker (Medscape) software was used to identify potential drug interactions. This study included 28 ICU patients who had potency to
drug interactions based on the software. The patients were 48 years old (in average) consist of 29% male patient and 71% female patient. The
number of drugs that were given to patients was 3 to 13 drugs (av. 7 drugs per patient). There were 122 potency of drug interactions found in this
study consist of 43.4% potency of minor or non-significant drug interactions, 51.6% potency of significant drug interactions, 3.3% potency of
serious drug interactions, and 1.7% potency for contra indicated. Furthermore, the potency of minor or non-significant drug interactions was
excluded from data processing. Finally, 69 potential drug interactions were selected for further analysis. Total 66.7% were pharmacodynamics
interactions and 33.3% were pharmacokinetics interactions. Dexamethasone, ketoprofen, ketorolac, furosemide, nifedipine, and enoxaparin were
the drugs with higher frequency of potential drug interactions. The study showed that potency of significant drug interactions was prevalent in the
ICU due to the complexity of the pharmacotherapies administered. The health professionals who provide care to these patients must be aware in
order to identify and prevent possible drug events.
Keywords: Significant drug interactions, Intensive care unit, Potency.
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UTILIZATION OF SEAWEED PORRIDGE FROM SARGASSUM SP. AND EUCHEUMA COTTONII AS

A COSMETIC FOR SKIN PROTECTOR
NURJANAH1, MALA NURILMALA1, EFFIONORA ANWAR2, NOVI LUTHFIYANA1, TAUFIK HIDAYAT3*
1Department Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia. 2Department
Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Indonesia. 3Department Fisheries Faculty of Agriculture, Tirtayasa University,
Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
UV radiation have negative effects for health of skin. Use sunscreen everday can absorb 85% sunlight at wavelength of 290-320 nm. The aim of this
research is to get the best formulation of seaweed porridge from Sargassum sp. and Eucheuma cottonii as a sunscreen cream with qualify by analysis
antioxidant activity, SPF, physical evaluation of cream and stability analysis. Cream formulation comprised of 5%, 6%, 7% and control. The best
percentage of porridge seaweed from Sargassum sp. and Eucheuma cottonii is cream preparation III. Value of relatively weak antioxidant activity is
1850.02 µg/mL and SPF value classified at least 2.1988. Size of globules in cream increases every week and there were irregular shape of globules.
Stability tests showed cream preparation from Sargassum sp. and Eucheuma cottonii porridge remained stable, there was no phase separation and
discoloration. Centrifugall test results predict does not occur after given effect centrifugal force with a speed of 3800 rpm for 5 hours.
Keywords: Seaweed porridge, SPF, Sargassum sp., Eucheuma cottonii, Antioxidant activity.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANALYSIS OF DRUG INTERACTION POTENTIAL AMONG GERIATRIC IN THE INTERNAL

MEDICINE INPATIENT WARD AT ONE OF HOSPITAL IN JAMBI
YULIAWATI1*, DHIGNA2 , ELLY SARDIANA1

1Pharmacy Department, STIKES Harapan Ibu, Indonesia. 2Technology and Science Faculty, Jambi University, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Geriatric is susceptible patients who suffered drug interaction. Geriatric often have more than one diseases thus they always get more complex
therapy. Complexity of therapy causes increase of potential drug interaction. Potential drug interactions occurs when drugs is changed or
influenced by other drug and given in concurrent administration of drugs. The aim of this study are to describe drug interaction, quantity and
severity of drug interaction. This is related with role of pharmacy to prevent serious drug interactions and increase quality life of patients. This
research is cross sectional descriptive design. Prospective data collected on February-May 2015. Inclusion criteria was patient at age more than 59
years old who were hospitalized during February-Maret 2015 and received two or more drugs prescription. Each drug was analyzed by using
Drug.com Software. Based on identified data 73.97% of 73 patients, there was 69.05% which experiencing pharmacokinetic drug interaction,
28.57% pharmacodynamic drug interaction and 2.38% unknown. The grade severity was minor, moderate and major values of 71.43%, 25% and
3.57% respectively. Use drugs which could make potentially major interaction must consider of needs, risks and benefits of patients.
Keywords: Drug interaction potential, Geriatric, Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic,Prospective.
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DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPS) ON PATIENTS OF HYPERTENSION IN INTERNAL

MEDICINE INPATIENT WARD, CLASS 1 AND 2 AT ONE OF HOSPITAL IN JAMBI
RASMALA DEWI
Pharmacy Department STIKES Harapan Ibu Jambi, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure at or above 140 mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure at or above 90 mmHg. Hypertension is a
chronic disease that is often called the “silent killer” because it often has no warning signs or symptoms and most patients not realize that they have
hypertension before check their blood pressure. People with hypertension sometimes not feel any sign or symptoms until complications occurred.
A drug-related problem (DRP) defined as an event or circumstance involving drug therapy that actually or potentially interferes with desired health
outcomes. Drug Related Problems (DRPs) is an event or circumstance which has the potential of drug therapy or can significantly affect the desired
therapeutic outcome. The aim of this research is to determine the incidence of Drug Related Problems in hypertensive patients in space medicine,
Class I and Class II of Hospital Raden Mattaher Jambi. This research is descriptive study which uses prospective purposive sampling method. There
was inappropriate choice of drugs as many 22,2%.
Keywords: Hypertension, Drug Related Problems (DRPs).
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WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR PHARMACISTS COUNSELING SERVICE IN PHARMACY
MARISKA S. HARLIANTI
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Concept of pharmaceutical care requires pharmacists for provide pharmaceutical services oriented to patient without exclusion of the product.
Counseling is one part of clinical pharmacy services in pharmacy to assess patient's understanding about treatment such as proper use and side
effects of drugs, improve patient compliance, motivate patients to take part in their efforts to increase health and cost effectiveness. Counseling
services from pharmacists in the pharmacy has not been established, either by the government or pharmacist professional organizations. This
study was conducted to determine the patient's willingness to pay (WTP) pharmacist counseling in pharmacy. This research is an observational
analytic research through surveys. This study was conducted at pharmacy in Sukoharjo district on January-February 2016, with respondents
pharmacy visitors who get counseling by pharmacists. There were 82 patients who participated in this study. Data were obtained from a
questionnaire (payment card) which given to patients. Value of WTP determined based on the average of WTP value which chosen by willingness
patient to pay. Average value of WTP from pharmacist counseling at pharmacy in Sukoharjo district is Rp.15.892.
Keywords: Willingness to pay, Pharmacist counseling, Payment card, Pharmaceutical care.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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DRUG EVALUATION STUDY OF ASPIRIN, CLOPIDOGREL AND CONCOMITANT USE OF

ASPIRIN-CLOPIDOGREL IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR AND CEREBROVASCULAR
DISEASES
VINCI MIZRANITA1*, EKO H. PRATISTO2, NUGRAHANINGTYAS S. DEWI1

1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia. 2Department of Information
Technology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are an uninfectious disease which caused high mortality every year. Cardiovascular disease occured
because of an impaired heart function and blood vessels leading to the heart, such as coronary heart disease, while the cerebrovascular diseases
occured by any disorders that affect the blood flow to the brain, such as stroke. Antiplatelet which are known inhibit platelet aggregation for
therapy of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are aspirin and clopidogrel, most of this drugs are used widely and many researchs are
conducted to find the side effect of this drugs. The aim of this study was to determine percentage use of aspirin as a single antiplatelet agent,
clopidogrel and concomitant use of aspirin-clopidogrel in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases at a public hospital in
Surakarta, Indonesia which distribution from basic characteristics of the patients are gender, age, and risk factors. This research is non-
experimental research and data collection was conducted using retrospective approach and patient medical records. The inclusion criteria were
age, gender, patient diagnosis, co-morbidities, home state status, blood pressure in and out, data platelets in and out of the hospital, use of
antiplatelet combination, other drugs, and the patient's risk factors. There were 24 patients who was use aspirin as a single antiplatelet agent. They
are consisted of 75 % male and 25 % female with ages ≤50 years 25% , 51-59 years 70.8%, 4.2% and ≥60 years factors the risk of hypertension of
62.5 %, smoking 20.8% , 12.5% diabetes mellitus, alcohol 4.2 % ; patients using clopidogrel was 13 patients consisted of 69.2% men and 30.8% of
women aged 41-50 years with 38.5%, 53.8% 51-60 years, > 60 years old 7,7% , and patients with the highest risk of risk factors was hypertension
(69.2 %) and 30.8% of diabetes mellitus; and antiplatelet combination were 9 patients consisted of 66.7 % men and 33.3 % women, with the
highest risk factors was hypertension 42.1%, 26.3% dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus 15.8% .
Keywords: Clopidogrel, Aspirin, Antiplatelet, Cardiovasculer, Cerebrovascular.
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THE INFLUENCE OF PHARMACY COUNSELLING IN THE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY

TUBERCULOSIS
RATNA K. ILLAHI*, VITA D. WAHYUNINGSIH, BAMBANG SIDHARTA

Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University.Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The main problems that can lead to failure in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) treatment are long-term drug use, adverse drug reactions, termination
of treatment, and patients’ low knowledge about the treatment. Counseling for TB patients is very important because it can increase patients’
knowledge about the treatment of TB. This study aimed to determine the influence of pharmacy counseling on patients’ knowledge level regarding
the therapy of pulmonary TB. This study was an observational cross-sectional study with 65 subjects. The subjects were pulmonary TB patients
from TB clinics at Primary Healthcare Centers in Malang, who were chosen based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. A questionnaire that
has been tested for validity and reliability was used to collect the data. The questionnaire was completed by the subjects pre and post counseling.
Collected data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test that can be used for abnormally distributed data. The questionnaire scores showed that there was
a change in the patients’ knowledge level regarding the treatment of pulmonary TB. The result showed the significant value of 0,000 (p <0.05),
suggesting that there were significant differences in knowledge level pre and post counseling. The ranks showed that counseling had a positive
influence on patients’ level of knowledge. The result suggested that pharmacy counseling had significant influence in patients’ level of knowledge in
treatment of pulmonary TB. Moreover, increasing patients’ knowledge level will hopefully increase patient’s compliance in a long period of
treatment.
Keywords: Pharmacy counseling, Level of knowledge, Pulmonary tuberculosis.
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THE CORRELATION OF HYPERTENSION RISK FACTORS WITH SODIUM AND POTASSIUM

LEVELS IN URINE
JUTTI LEVITA1*, RENDI M. IRAWAN2, TATU RATNASARI2, MUTAKIN3

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy,
Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 3Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas
Padjadjaran, Indonesia Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Sodium (Na) and potassium (K) play important role in homeostatics and regulate the acid-base balance in human body. This research aimed to
study the correlation of hypertension risk factors with sodium and potassium level in urine. Volunteers were 99 students (41.41 % male; 58.58 %
female) of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, aged 18-26 years. Urine samples were collected in the morning and were
biochemically-tested using 10 Uric CF (YENACO ®). Determination of sodium and potassium levels was conducted by flame emission spectroscopy
(FES). The average urine potassium levels of the students were 117.83 ppm (male) and 89.1 ppm (female). Indian male students showed higher
level of urine potassium which was 210.9 ppm. Urine sodium levels were 278.12 ppm (male) and 245.81 ppm (female), whereas those of smoking
and alcohol-drinking male students were 284.20 ppm and 185.35 ppm, respectively. It can be concluded that hypertension risk factors does not
correlate with sodium and potassium levels in the urine. Correlations were found between sex and ratio of systole/diastole (r = -0.49; p-value =
0.000), sex and systole (r = - 0.65; p-value = 0.000), BMI and systole (r = 0.38; p-value = 0.000), BMI and diastole (r = 0.25; p-value = 0.012),
smoking and systole (r = 0.23; p-value = 0.019), exercise and systole (r = -0.35; p-value = 0.000), exercise and diastole (r = -0.22; p-value =0.029).
Keywords: Blood pressure, Diastole, Flame emission spectroscopy, Systole.
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ANTIFUNGAL POTENCY OF CABAGGE (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. CAPITATA ALBA) EXTRACT

AGAINTS CANDIDA ALBICANS FOR TREATING FLOUR ALBUS
AMI TJITRARESMI*, SRI A. F. KUSUMA, DEWI RUSMIATI

Departement Biology Pharmacy, Faculty Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Leukorea or flour albus is excessive fluid that coming out from vagina. Women from all ages, from childhood through menopouse, can be affected by
flour albus. Flour albus could not be taken lightly, it could be fatal if it treated late. Candida albicans is a common fungus that can be found in the
infectious flour albus. The disease that caused by Candida albicans infection was known as candidiasis. Successful therapy for serious systemic
Candida albicans infections requires initiation of antifungal therapy as early as possible. Different classes of antifungals were available to manage
any type of candidal infection. Azoles, have become the mainstay of therapy over the past few years, but lately Candida albicans has been reported
resistant to azole group. So, people did some researches to find a new compound to treat candidiasis. Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata alba)
was one of the herb that used to treat flour albus in Indonesia. Cabbage extract used as antifungal agent in liquid soap for treating flour albus. The
aims of this study is to determine antifungal activity from cabbage extract, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), antifungal activity ratio againts
ketoconazole and cabbage extract concentration which has the fastest contact time to eliminate Candida albicans. Fresh cabbages were macerated
with ethanol 95% for 3x24 hours, the extract was colected and the solvent was replaced every 24 hours. Cabbage extract was evaporated until
became thick cabbage extract. Antifungal activity from cabbage extract againts Candida albicans and cabbage extract’s antifungal activity ratio
againts ketokonazole were examined using agar difusion method, while MIC from cabbage extract was determined with solid MIC method. The
results were cabbage extracts with concentration 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% gave antifungal activity, the MIC of cabbage extract againts Candida
abicans was between 1.5%-1.75%, cabbage extract’s antifungal activity ratio againts ketokonazole was 1 : 3926,9158. Cabbage extract with
concentration 2.5% gave the fastest contact time (2.5 minutes) to eliminate Candida albicans, while Cabbage extract with concentration 0.4% gave
the longest contact time (15 minutes) to eliminate Candida albicans.
Keywords: Brassica oleracea var. Capitata alba, Cabbage, Candida albicans, Flour albus.
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FORMULATION OF SYRUP FROM COFFEE ARABICA (COFFEA ARABICA L.) EXTRACT WITH
DECAFFEINATION PROCESS
ARIF BUDIMAN1*, ANGGI LUTFY1, MUCHTARIDI2

1Department Pharmaceutical and Technology of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of
Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.
Email:[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Indonesia is one of the exporter of arabica coffee in the world. Arabica coffee contains chlorogenic acid that have efficacy as an antioxidant and
antiviral which can inhibit the influenza virus, HSV-1, HSV-2 and adenovirus. However, arabica coffee also contains caffeine which can cause ulcers.
This research aims to formulate syrup of arabica coffee extract with decaffeination process and test the stability of caffeine and chlorogenic acid in
syrup of arabica coffee extract. The research began with extraction using ethanol 70% by soxhletation methods, and decaffeination process by
liquid-liquid extraction using ethanol and dicloromethan in the ratio 1:1. Formulation syrup of arabica coffee extract was made with various
concentrations of Na CMC as thickening agent and Sucralose as flavouring agent. The stability of syrup were evaluated through organoleptic, pH,
viscosity, hedonic test, microbiological test and concentration of caffeine and chlorogenic acid were determinated. The results showed that the
concentration of caffeine before and after decaffeination process were 3,377 + 0,091 % and 1,028 + 0,079 % whereas chlorogenic acid were 4,159 +
0,163% and 3,019 + 0,138 %. It showed that the best formula contains arabica coffee extract 0,5 %, Na CMC 0,15 % dan Sucralose 0,05 %.
Microbiological test showed that there was no contamination in syrup of arabica coffee extract. The concentration of caffeine in syrup of arabica
coffee extract was 1,070 + 0,150 % and chlorogenic acid was 4,432 + 1,986 %.
Keywords: Coffee arabica extract, Syrup, Decaffeination, Caffein, Chlorogenic acid.
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DOSAGE EVALUATION OF COMPOUNDING MEDICINE FOR TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT

PEDIATRIC PATIENTS IN INDONESIA
ANGGA P. KAUTSAR*, IYAN SOPYAN, SITI ZULAICHA

Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The use of antibiotics in compounding medicine in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in pediatric patients is still used until now. However, It
causes problems where in the potency tests it could show different result from dosage in the labelled products. This study was aimed to determine
the dosage levels of compounding medicine was the same as the dosage levels in labelled products and achieve the requirements were as desired.
Samples to be analyzed with convenient sampling method were rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide and taken from patients were taking
medication in the Lung Center in Bandung. The result of validation showed that the analytical method of medication to treat tuberculosis using
spectrophotometry UV-Vis was good and it indicated to ensure the quality of the results. The result also specified a significant of the assay for
compounding medicine (p>0.05) which means there was no difference in the average weight of compounding medicine in labelled product with the
content of the real measurement of compounding medicine. It can be concluded that the compounding medicine contain rifampicin, isoniazid and
pyrazinamide was appropriate according standard.
Keywords: Antibiotics, Compounding Medicine, Tuberculosis, dosage, Spectrophotometry UV-Vis.
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THE STERILITY OF REUSABLE INSTRUMENTS AT CENTRAL SURGERY INSTALLATION’S

ROOM STORAGE OF ONE OF THE HOSPITAL IN BANDUNG
INSAN S. KURNIAWANSYAH*, RIZKA AMALIA

Department Pharmaceutics and Technology of Pharmacy, Faculty Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Hospital-acquired Infection (HAIs) is one thing that can increase morbidity and mortality in hospitals. One form of action to control the (HAIs) can
be done with sterilization process of medical instruments that used in patient care. Storage of reusable instruments in Central Surgery Installation
was an important factor to maintain the instruments sterility assurance. At the hospital where the research was taken place, the sterility test of
reusable instruments never been done. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the storage time against the sterility of reusable
instruments. Observational and laboratory test were used as methods of this research. The swab method was used to find out the sterility of 30 sets
of reusable instruments with time of storage at 1, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 17 days. The result showed that the storage at day of 12, there was one of
reusable instruments that was not sterile. The statistical analysis showed that there was positively influence by storage time towards the sterility of
reusable instruments that stored in the storage room of the Central Surgical Installation.
Keywords: Hospital-acquired Infection (HAIs), Central Surgery Installation, Reusable Instruments, Sterility Testing.
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RESISTANCE TO CIPROFLOXACIN AMONG CILICAL ISOLATES FROM ACUTE RESPIRATORY

INFECTIONS (ARIS) PATIENTS AT COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTERS IN TASIKMALAYA,
INDONESIA
DANNI RAMDHANI1*, RESMI MUSTARICHI1, SRI A. F. KUSUMA2, ELLIN FEBRINA3

1Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department
of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 3Department of Pharmacology and Clinical
Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran. Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Acute respiratory infections (ARI) is an acute infection of the respiratory tract that related to structures including middle ear, and paranasal
sinuses, and pleural cavity. This study was to determine the resistance and effectiveness of ciprofloxacin to clinical isolates from Acute Respiratory
Infections (ARIs) patient at Community Health Centers in Tasikmalaya. The results showed that patient isolates was resistance to antibiotic
ciprofloxacin with the percentage of 19.81%.
Keywords: Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs), Antibiotic resistance, Ciprofloxacin clinical isolates.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANTIBACTERIA ACTIVITY TEST OF PAPUAN ANT-NEST (MYRMECODIA PENDANS L.M.

PERRY) STEM TUBER ETHANOL EXTRACT AGAINST SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE
ARIF S. W. KUSUMA*, SRI A. F. KUSUMA

Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Shigella dysenteriae continues to be a major health problem in Indonesia, which usually leads to death, due to diarrhoea and dysentery,
predominantly in children below the age of 5. Bacterial invasion of the colonic epithelium leads to severe inflammation together with bacterial
dissemination generates abscesses and ulcerations. Myrmecodia pendans, also locally known by indigenous Papuans as ant-nest, which native to
Southeast Asia has proven to be rich in bioactive constituents and highly valued as an alternative choice for cancer/tumor treatments and an
efficacious herbal drug to prevent and cure diarrhea. This research aims to test antibacteria activity of Ant-nest ethanol extract against S.
dysenteriae and to know its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) – Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) range of concentration. Ant-
nest dried plant were obtained from Wamena, Papua. By using maseration method with 70% ethanol, from 500.42 g dried plant we can obtain
77.47 g dry extract (15.48% rendement). Phytochemical screening results showed that the ethanol extracts of ant-nest contains metabolites such as
flavonoids, tanins, saponins, and polyphenols. Antibacteria activity test were performed by using perforated agar method with various extract
concentration (10, 20, 40, and 60% (g/mL)). Largest inhibition zone was shown by 60% extract concentration with 1.74 cm diameter. MIC-MBC
concentration determinated by using macrodilution method with gradient extract concentration. The result showed that the MIC – MBC of ant-nest
extract concentration lays in range of 14 – 16% (g/mL).
Keywords: Ant-nest, Shigella dysenteriae, Antibacteria, MIC, MBC.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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SCREENING OF ANTICANCER AGENT FROM ETHANOL AND FRACTIONS OF SEA CUCUMBER

(STICHOPUS HORRENS) USING WST-ASSAY
ELI HALIMAH*, AJENG DIANTINI, AFINA M. TSANYA, ALISHA DWINAPUTRI

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Cancer is still one of the main health problems in the world. Conventional therapies to treat cancer are still unsatisfied, so that needed an
alternative therapy by consuming preparations of natural ingredients. One of the natural materials that have the potential to be developed as
cancer drugs is sea cucumber (Stichopus horrens). This study was conducted to determine the cytotoxicity of extracts and fractions of sea cucumber
against DU 145 prostate cancer cells and HCT-116 colon cancer cells. This study was performed using Water Soluble Tetrazolium Assay. The
results showed that the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction have cytotoxicity against DU 145 prostate
cancer cells, indicated by the IC50 value of 219,25 µg/mL, 121,73 µg/mL, 228,14 µg/mL, and 471,96 µg/mL, respectively; while against HCT-116
colon cancer cells with IC50 values 92.09 µg/mL, 45.64 µg/mL, 193.91 µg/mL, and 291,79 µg/mL, respectively. Results of testing on HaCaT normal
cells showed that the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction provided a cytotoxicity effect with IC 50 values
211.51 µg/mL, 112.88 µg/mL, 418.89 µg/mL, and 606.49 µg/mL repectively. From the results of the tests can be concluded that the n-hexane
fraction has the highest cytotoxic effect against HCT-116 colon cancer cells.
Keywords: DU 145 prostate cancer cells, HaCaT normal cells, HCT-116 colon cancer cells, Sea cucumber (Stichopus horrens), Water Soluble
Tetrazolium Assay.
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IN VITRO AND IN SILICO EVALUATION OF XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF

QUERCETIN CONTAINED IN EXTRACT OF SONCHUS ARVENSIS LEAVES
RINI HENDRIANI1*, NURSAMSIAR2, AMI TJITRARESMI3

1DepartmentPharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department Analytical
Pharmacy and Medicinal Chemistry, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi, Makassar, Indonesia. 3Department Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study is to examine the inhibiting effects of Quercetin contained in extract of S. arvensis leaves on the activity of xanthine
oxidase, an essential enzyme for uric acid synthesis. Activity test was conducted in vitro by measure the activity of xanthine oxidase using UV
spectrophotometry and in silico by determine the interaction of Quercetin its aglycone with xanthine oxidase enzyme in terms of hydrogen bonds
and binding free energy. Docking simulations were performed by AutoDock 4.2 package. Result showed the active fraction, using the solvent n-
hexane, ethyl acetate and water, on each fraction tested the inhibitory activity of the xanthine oxidase enzyme in vitro obtained IC50 respectively of
263.19, 16.20 and 141.80 μg/mL. Isolates with highest activity identified as quercetin. The xanthine oxidase enzyme inhibitory activity in silico by
molecular docking showed quercetin had free energy binding ˗7.71 kcal/mol, more negative than that of allopurinol ˗5.63 kcal/mol. This showed
that the affinity of quercetin was stronger than allopurinol, so that it can be predicted that quercetin was more potential to inhibit xanthine oxidase
enzyme. Thus the ethyl acetate extract of the tempuyung leaves containing the active compound quercetin was a potential use as anti-gout.
Keywords: Inhibitor, Gout, Quercetin, Sonchus arvensis, Xanthine oxidase.
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ANTI MOSQUITO LOTION COMBINATION FORMULATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF BANGLE

RHIZOME (ZINGIBER CASSUMUNAR ROXB.) AND LEMONGRASS LEAF (CYMBOPOGON NARDUS
[L.] RENDLE) WITH VANILLIN AS FIXATIVE
FERRY F. SOFIAN*, DINAR E. D. PUTRI, SRIWIDODO, DUDI RUNADI, AMI TJITRARESMI

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is acute febrile illness due to dengue virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti bites. Some prevention has been
executed, including by use of mosquito lotion. Bengle rhizome (Zingiberis cassumunar Roxb.) and lemongrass leaves (Cymbopogon nardus (L.)
Rendle) known as natural materials of mosquito repellent, especially its essential oils, were used in this experiment in lotion fomulation. Vanillin
was added in lotion formulation as fixative in order to restrain the protection abillity of essential oils. This studies was execute to determine the
mosquito lotion formula from a combination of essential oils from rhizome bengle and lemongrass leaves combined with fixative vanillin. Product
evaluations include the organoleptic observations, measurements of pH, and viscosity measurements. The formulas were tested its activity along
with the control formula (non vanillin). The results showed that three of the lotion formula still had a good quality of viscosity, pH, and
organoleptic. It also performed that the activity of protective lotion formula used respectively as 70.02%; 74.24%; and 77.87% compared with
69.16% of the control. Using Anova as statistical analysis, the results showed that three formulas were performed a different effect on protection
ability than control formula.
Keywords: Bangle, Lemongrass, Essential oils, Repellent.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS INFORMATION LEAFLETS IN COMMUNITY

PHARMACIES
IRMA M. PUSPITASARI*, MARTUA AGUSTINUS, RANO K. SINURAYA, RIZKY ABDULAH

Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most commonly used drugs in the world. They are frequently purchased medicines
by patients without the need for a prescription. Increased use of NSAIDs will also increase the number of adverse events related to NSAID use.
Useful information on consumer medicine information leaflets are very important to prevent the number of adverse events. This study was to
determine the availability and the content of essential medicine information on leaflets for NSAIDs in community pharmacies. Leaflets for all
NSAIDs available for purchase from 3 pharmacies in Bandung city, one of largest population city in Indonesia, were evaluated based on criterion
checklist and number of leaflets assessed. 28 leaflets from 10 different NSAIDs were collected. 10 leaflets (36%) came from origin manufacturers
and 18 leaflets (64%) were provided by local manufacturers. Most of collected leaflets provided less information on adverse events such as 23
leaflets (82%) did not mention the side effects, only 7 leaflets (25%) provided duration of using the medicine, 8 leaflets (28%) provided maximum
dose, in case of overdose was 11 leaflets (38%) and in case of missing dose was 3 leaflets (11%). Furthermore, 18 leaflets (57%) only provided for
special users such as pregnancy, lactation, children, and elderly. The availability and quality of medicine information from leaflets for NSAIDs in
community pharmacies is represented in this study. Essential information on leaflets requires attention and should be improved to prevent adverse
drug events.
Keywords: NSAIDs, Drug Information, Leaflets, Community Pharmacies.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTITUMOR EFFECTS OF THE RHIZOME EXTRACT

FROM CURCUMA ZEDOARIA ON HUMAN ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA CELLS
YUNI E. HADISAPUTRI1*, TATSUYA MIYAZAKI2, SHIGEMASA SUZUKI2, NORIO KUBO2, ADE ZUHROTUN1,
TAKEHIKO YOKOBORI2, RIZKY ABDULAH3, SHIN YAZAWA2, HIROYUKI KUWANO2
1Departmentof Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of General Surgical Science,
Gunma University Graduate of Medicine, Japan. 3Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty Pharmacy, Universitas
Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Curcuma zedoaria has been used as a traditional agent against malignant diseases in Asian countries. To elucidate detailed mechanisms producing
such an activity, characterization and determination of molecular mechanisms of its antitumor effects was conducted. Inhibiting activities against
cell proliferation, invasion and colony formation, and expression levels of corresponding molecules were investigated using human esophageal
cancer TE-8 cells treated with the rhizome extract from C. zedoaria. Antitumor effect of the extract administered orally was also examined in tumor-
bearing mice. The extract possessed strong anti-proliferation and invasion activities against TE-8 cells. Further, upregulated PTEN and
downregulated phosphorylated Akt, mTOR and STAT3 expressions in the cells were induced shortly after treatment with the extract, followed by
attenuation of FGFR1 and MMP-2, activation of caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP, and suppression of Bcl-2 expressions, which led the cells to
apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, tumor formation in mice was significantly suppressed through the oral administration of the extract. Taken
together, these results suggest that the C. zedoaria extract could be a promising agent against esophageal cancer.
Keywords: Curcuma zedoaria, Apoptosis, TE-8, Xenograft.
Online - 2455-3891
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016
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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF WATER APPLE (SYZYGIUM AQUEUM) FRUIT HIGHER THAN

FRAGRANT MANGO (MANGIFERA ODORATA) FRUIT
NYI M. SAPTARINI1*, IRMA E. HERAWATI2

1Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University. Indonesia.
2Departement of Pharmacy, FMIPA, University of Al Ghifari, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Fruit of water apple (Syzygium aqueum (Burm.f.) Alston) and fragrant mango (Mangifera odorata Griffith) contains vitamin C, which has antioxidant
activity against free radicals. Excessive free radicals cause the degenerative diseases, so it must be suppressed with the exogenous antioxidants. The
aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant activity of water apple fruit and fragrant mango against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as a
free radical. This research was conducted by visible spectrophotometry.The vitamin C content of water apple and fragrant mango fruit was 0.050%
(w / w) and 0.087% (w / w), respectively. The IC50 value of fresh fruit of water apple and fragrant mango was 4713 ppm and 8135 ppm,
respectively, which is equivalent to 4.1 ppm vitamin C. Antioxidant activity of water apple fruit was higher than fragrant mango fruit.
Keywords: DPPH, Free radical, Visible spectrophotometry, Vitamin C.
Online - 2455-3891
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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TAUCHO ETHANOL EXTRACT
RESMI MUSTARICHIE1*, ADE ZUHROTUN2, ARINA S. HIDAYAT1

1Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of Biological
ABSTRACT
Taucho is a traditional Indonesian food made from soybeans through fermentation process. Soybeans contains natural group of flavonoids called
isoflavones. Fermentation process will increase free isoflavones content in taucho which able to increase antioxidant activity. This study reports the
antioxidant activity of taucho ethanol extract and its fractions. Taucho was extracted using soxhletation methods, followed by fractination using
liquid-liquid extraction methods. Antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH with Vitamin C as a comparison. Results showed that IC50 value
for the ethanol extract, water, ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions in a row were 1192.71; 1746.01; 722.38 and 1845.45 ppm. Taucho ethanol
extract and fractions shows weaker antioxidant activity than vitamin C, which has the IC50 value of 4.41 ppm.
Keywords: Antioxidant, Flavonoids, Free radicals, DPPH, Taucho, Vitamin C.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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VIRTUAL SCREENING AND ENZYMATIC ASSAY OF POTENTIAL NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS
RINA F. NUWARDA1*, HABIBAH A. WAHAB2, TAN M. LAN3

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.
3Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Neuraminidase (NA) activity plays an important role in the infection of influenza viruses by facilitating the release of the newly formed virions from
the host cell receptor and promotes its infection to other cells or organs. With the emergence of viral resistance towards the existing NA inhibitors,
the discovery of new NA inhibitors is urgently needed. In this work, docking-based virtual screening of large compounds from NCI database to
rapidly select in silico hits to be potential NA inhibitors was carried out. Subsequently, a traditional MUNANA assay was performed to investigate
the inhibitory activities and kinetic parameters of the inhibitor compounds. Finally, the selected compounds were studied for their pharmacokinetic
properties in silico. From the NCI database, 1541 compounds have been successfully screened and 40 in silico hits compounds were obtained, and
assayed to determine their IC50s. Ten of them demonstrated over 50% inhibition against NA and four compounds namely NSC 5069, NSC 83318,
NSC 156563, and NSC 134137 were found having IC50 values of 216 µM, 320 µM, 571 µM and 673 µM, respectively. The kinetic studies showed Km
value for MUNANA was 36.44 µM and Vmax for the enzymatic reaction was 551.25 RFU/min. From the Dixon plot, these four compounds appeared
to competitively inhibit the neuraminidase with Ki values for NSC 5069, NSC 83318, NSC 156563, and NSC 134137 were 100.26, 204.13, 202.90,
and 197.75 µM, respectively.
Keywords: Molecular docking, MUNANA assay, Neuraminidase inhibitor, Virtual screening.
Online - 2455-3891
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HIV-1 PROTEASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF ANDROGRAPHOLIDE AND ITS DERIVATIVES
SANDRA MEGANTARA1,2*, MARIA I. IWO1, JUTTI LEVITA2, DARYONO H. TJAHJONO1, RAHMANA E.

KARTASASMITA1, SLAMET IBRAHIM1
1School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email:
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is the virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), a debilitating and deadly human
immune system. Synthetic drugs that are often used for clinical treatment of this disease is antiretroviral HIV-1 protease inhibitors (ARPIs).
However, antiretroviral have adverse side effects. The similarity of HIV-1 protease structure with plasmepsin, an aspartic protease enzyme
produced by P. falciparum, triggered prediction that antimalarial drugs which work by inhibiting this enzyme could be used as anti-HIV. Therefore,
it could be predicted that aspartic protease inhibitor can be used as anti-HIV. In silico study concluded that three andrographolide derivatives
showed inhibition on aspartic proteases. This work was aimed to determine the inhibitory activity and IC50 values of andrographolide, 3,19-2
hydroxylbenzilidene andrographolide, 3,19-3 hydroxylbenzilidene andrographolide, and 3,19-4 hydroxylbenzilidene andrographolide on HIV-1
protease. Method used was by measuring the absorbance using flourometry at excitation/emission (Ex/Em) = 330/450 nm. IC50 of
andrographolide, 3,19-2 hydroxylbenzilidene andrographolide, 3,19-3 hydroxylbenzilidene andrographolide, and 3,19-4 hydroxylbenzilidene
andrographolide were 23.39, 19.77, 22.34, and 23.28 µM, respectively. These compounds were predicted to have inhibitory activity on HIV-1
protease.
Keywords: AIDS, Andrographolide, Andrographolide derivatives, Antimalarial, HIV-1 protease.
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TASTE MASKING FORMULATION OF WOOD EXTRACT OF CAESALPINIA SAPPAN L. USING

HIDROXYPROPILMETIL CELLULOSA AS A MATRIX
YEDI HERDIANA1*, NYI M. SAPTARINI2, LAURA NATALIA3

1Department of Pharmaceutical and Technological Pharmacy, Faculty Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia.
2Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia. 3Faculty Pharmacy, Universitas
Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia.Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Secang (Caesalpinia sapppan L.) has antioxidant properties and used as a health drink. This study has been conducted to make a taste masking
formulation from the extract as an antioxidant that qualify as an ODT pharmaceutical preparation. Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose (HPMC) as a
matrix, using as masking taste of the distinctive taste from extract. This ODT was made in three formulas using the direct compress tablet method
with HPMC concentration variation: 3%, 4%, and 5%. In process control of mixing bulk includes loss of drying (LOD), flow rate and angle of rest,
real density, incompressible density, and compressibility. In process control of the tablet includes uniformity of size, weight uniformity, friability,
disintegration time, and hardness. ODT antioxidant activity assays performed with Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results showed
that ODT formula need the friability improvements in order to be qualified as a pharmaceutical preparation according to Indonesian
Pharmacopoeia IV. The antioxidant test results of the three ODT formulas classified in the category of very powerful antioxidant because the IC50
values less than 50 ppm.
Keywords: taste masking, Caesalpinia sappan L., antioxidant, ODT, HPMC
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ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF RED BETTLE LEAF (PIPER

CROCATUM RUIZ & PAV . ) AGAINST LACTOBACILLUS BIFIDUS
SRI A. F. KUSUMA*, AMI TJITRARESMI, GITA SUSANTI

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email : [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Flour albus is one of the most dominant issues on female reproduction. Several studies showed anti-flour albus activity of the ethanol extract of red
bettle leaf ( Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav . ) against microorganisms that caused vaginal discharge. But it is important to be considered that the
antibacterial effect of the extract can disturb the existence of normal vaginal flora, such as Lactobacillus bifidus. The purpose of this study was to
determine the antibacterial effect of ethanol extract of bettle leaf against Lactobacillus bifidus. Antibacterial activity test was performed using
turbidimetry method. The results showed that ethanol extracts had antibacterial activity against Lactobacillus bifidus with a limit of the minimum
inhibitory concentration of 0.625 % w/v. Thus, the safety level of the ethanol extract of red bettle leaf against the normal vaginal flora could be
determined by using a test dose of ≤ 0.625 % w/v .
Keywords: flour albus, Latobacillus bifidus, Piper crocatum.
Online - 2455-3891
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ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY OF (SYZIGIUM POLYATHUM (WIGHT) WALP.) LEAF EXTRACT

ON SODIUM CHLORIDE INDUCED WHITE RAT
SRI A. SUMIWI*, RINI HENDRIANI, DIKE NOVALIA

Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Syzigium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. is a crop that empirically has antihypertensive effect. This research aimed to know the antihypertensive effect
of 96% ethanol extract of Syzigium polyanthum (Wight) Walp in sodium chloride induced white male rats strain Wistar. Thirty male experience rats
were divided into six groups of 5 animals each and were administered orally with PGA suspension 2% (negative control), hidrochlorotiazid
(positive control), and four groups of Syzigium polyanthum (Wight) Walp ethanol extract. Sodium chloride liquid as inducer was administered
orally for 14 days, then continued by giving the Syzigium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. extract (375; 250; 125 and 75 mg/BW), hidrochlorotiazid and
PGA 2%. The blood pressure (systole, diastole and arterial blood pressure) was measured on the day 1st, 7th, 14th, 21th, 24th and 28th using CODA
TM Non-invasive blood pressure. The result showed that Syzigium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. leaf extract dose 375 and 250 mg/BW can lower the
systole, diastole and average blood pressure on hypertensive rat each 84.21 ; 87,62 ; 84,19% and 78.95; 59.75 ; 61.11%. Ethanol extract of
Syzigium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. significanly (α= 0,05) reduce blood pressure (systole, diastole and average blood pressure) on hypertensive
rats.
Keyword: Daun Salam, Syzigium polyanthum (Wight) Walp., Hypertension, Non-invasive CODA TM.
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A NOVEL DERIVATIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY APPLICATION AS RAPID METHOD FOR

SIMVASTATIN ASSAY IN CO-CRYSTAL FORM
IYAN SOPYAN1,2*, ACHMAD FUDHOLI1, MUCHTARIDI3, IKA PUSPITASARI4, DEWI PERMATASARI3

1DepartementPharmaceutic and Technolgy of Formulation, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. 2Departement of
Pharmaceutic and Technolgy of Formulation, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.
3Departement of Pharmeceutical and Medicinal Chemsitry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 4Departement
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The increasing of solubility and dissolution of simvastatin as antihipercolestrolemia had been done by co-crystallization method using saccharin
and aspartam as co-former. This study was aimed to obtain a valid method of quantitative analysis for the determination simvastatin in the co-
crystal form using derivative spectrosphotometric. Co-crystal sample with each co-former (aspartame and saccharin) was dissolved using a mixture
of the methanol-water ratio (60:40) and then was analyzed at a wavelength measurement level of simvastatin which is third derivative (dA3/ dl3)
at 251 nm. The analytical method was validated based on parameter validation requirements that include linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of
detection (LOD) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ). Linearity test showed the value (r) of 0.9998 with concentration range between 0.25 to 2 ppm.
The test of accuracy and precision used three variations of concentration was indicated the value of % recovery range between 98.69 to 103.74%
and %RSD value ranges between 1.67% - 2.96%. The result of the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) showed a value of
0.096 and 0.32 ppm respectively. All validation parameters had indicated fulfill requirements of validation parameters.
Keywords: Simvastatin Cocrystal, Spectroscopy derivative, Co-former.
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FORMULATION OF NANOPARTICLE PLGA-POLOXAMER LOADING QUANTUM DOT
PATIHUL HUSNI1*, DIKY MUDHAKIR2

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Malaria, a highly potential disease causing death, is caused by infection of the plasmodium genus in red blood cells (RBC). The parasite digests the
hemoglobin within a food vacuola of the infected-RBC. Nanoparticle is one of the strategies in delivery of the antimalarial agent into the infected
cells. Nanoparticle which has ≤ 0.2 µm in particle size can enter the RBC. Beside that, the ability of the nanoparticle to circulate long term in the
bloodstream is an important thing to improve interaction between nanoparticle and infected cell. PLGA Polymeric based nanoparticle has been
used as an effective carrier for drug delivery into the cell. PLGA nanoparticles are easily recognized by the body immune system and then cleared
from the circulation. PLGA nanoparticles has a hydrophobic surface so that it can be recognized by opsonin and eliminated by macrophage
(reticuloendothelial system/RES). Modification of PLGA nanoparticles surface with hydrophilic polymer such as poloxamer is used to avoid
opsonization so that nanoparticles can circulate long term. Fluorescent quantum dot can be used as a long term stable and sensitive sensor. The aim
of this study was to develop formula of PLGA-Poloxamer nanoparticle loading quantum dot. PLGA-Poloxamer nanoparticles were prepared by
nanoprecipitation method and purified by dialysis. Characterization of nanoparticles are particle size, polydispersity index and potensial zeta. The
study results showed that the particle size of nanoparticles was between 90-150 nm with polydispersity index of approximately 0,2-0,4 and
negative charge of potensial zeta. Encapsulation efficiency of quantum dot was more than 90%. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that
the PLGA-Poloxamer nanoparticles have the opportunity to enter the infected-RBC.
Keywords: Nanoparticle, PLGA, Poloxamer, Quantum dot, RBC.
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SUB-CLONING OF GENES ENCODING CYTHOCHROME P450 MONOOXYGENASE (CYP71AVI)

INTO EXPRESSION VECTOR IN ESCHERICHIA COLI
IMAM A. WICAKSONO1*, TRESNA LESTARI2, EVI U. ULFA3, CATUR RIANI4, ELFAHMI4

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indoensia. 2STIKes Bakti Tunas
Husada Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. 3Universitas Jember, 4 2School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Artemisinin is an sesquiterpene lactone compound with endoperoxide structure isolated from Artemisia annua L. effective as an anti-malarial drug.
However, the artemisinin content of A. annua L. is very low. One of the potential methods to increase the artemisinin content of A. annua L. by
genetic engineering to the enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of artemisinic acid as a precursor artemisinin. Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase
(CYP71AVI) is a key enzyme involved in the artemisinin biosynthesis pathway. In this research, sub-cloning gene encoding CYP71AVI into
pETDUET1 vector in Escherichia coli has been done and then the expression products characterized with SDS-PAGE. Gene construction started with
sub-cloning of cyp71avi gene from pJexpress401_gene from pJexpress401_cyp into pETDUET1 through restriction site NdeI and XhoI to get
pETDUET1_cyp. Confirmation of the recombinant vector was done by migration, restriction site and sequencing analysis. Overproduction of
CYP71AVI was done at temperature 37 °C using 0,5 mM IPTG induction. The protein produced mostly formed as inclusion bodies, therefore the
optimization of overproduction condition is still needed.
Keywords: CYP71AVI, pETDUET1, pETDUET1_cyp, Eshcerichia coli
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EFFECTS OF PHARMACIST COUNSELING ON COMPLIENCE AND INR LEVELS ON

OUTPATIENTS RECEIVING WARFARIN AT DR. HASAN SADIKIN BANDUNG HOSPITAL WEST
JAVA, INDONESIA
NORISCA A. PUTRIANA1*, KERI LESTARI1, MELISA I. BARLIANA1, SRI HARTINI2

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Warfarin is a derivate of coumarin, which is usually prescripted as an oral anti-coagulant for treatment and prevention of thromboembolic
disorders. The aim of present research was to analyze the influence of pharmacists’ counseling on complience and INR score recovery on warfarin
management. This research was mixed-method design, qualitative data used to complete quantitative data. Qualitative data collected by content
analysis with interview. Quantitative data collected by quasi experimental method with control groups, pre test, and post test design. Data was
collected by prospective method. Data were analysed using Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney test at significance level p ≤ 0,05 and multivariate
analysis covariate. Data were collected from 80 patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease (42,5 %), Atrial Fibrilation (17,5 %), Deep Vein Thrombosis
(10%), Rheumatic Mitral Valve Disease (10%), Prosthetic Heart (7,5%), other (22,5%). The numbers of patients whose International Normalized
Ratio (INR) was in the therapeutic range for each indication were not statistically different between before and after receiving counseling (p>0.05),
Patients' behavior compliance of warfarin therapy had increased after receiving the counseling service (p<0.05).
The result of presents research is pharmacist counseling affected behavior compliance before and after counseling (p<0,05), but not for INR
(p>0,05). Pharmacist counseling can improve behavior compliance, but not improve INR target. The Effect of warfarin to every individual not only
affected by behavior compliance, but several factors can influenced effect of warfarin is clinical factors, nonclinical factors, and genetic factors.
Clinical factors such as age, gender, pharmacokinethic and pharmacodynamic variability in patiens. Non clinical factors such as dose, interaction
drugs, interactions with food, and intake of Vitamin K.
Keywords: Warfarin, Counseling, Complience, INR.
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THE EXISTENCE OF GENE DNA POLYMERASE MUTATION FROM POSITIVE HEPATITIS B

SAMPLES IN BANDUNG INDONESIA
TINA ROSTINAWATI1*, DEBBIE S. RETNONINGRUM2, DESI PRATIWI1

1Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi
Bandung, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Hepatitis B virus infection was a society health problem worldwide, about 350 million people were hepatitis B carriers. One of the available therapy
to control infection and complication was nucleoside analog antivirus chemotherapy, however the major limitation was mutation existence in DNA
fragment coding for reverse transcriptase domain viral polymerase caused resistance. For completing mutation existence in reverse transcriptase
domain of the viral polymerase the research was done using 12 HBV templates from hepatitis B patient in Bandung. The study was done by
amplification step of viral polymerase gene fragment, agarose gel electrophoresis, PCR product purification with GFX column kit, sequencing and
sequencing result analysis. The result showed mutations in DNA fragment coding for RT domain viral polymerase in sample 6, 7 and 8. There were
mutations leading to amino acid substitution L526S in sample 6, D551E in sample 7 and D552E in sample 8. D551E and D552E substitution
occurred in YMDD motif RT DNA polymerase that produced YMDE mutant. L526S, D551E and D552E were estimated as antivirus-resistance
mutants that have never been reported before.
Keywords: Hepatitis B virus, Mutation, Gene coding for RT DNA polymerase.
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PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS FOR STRESS ULCER BLEEDING PROPHYLAXIS IN CRITICALLY

ILL PATIENTS: A COST ANALYSIS STUDY
RANO K. SINURAYA1*, SHARON GONDODIPUTRO2, HENNI DJUHAENI2

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of Public
Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Stress ulcer prophylaxis is generally administered for the prevention stress-related mucosal disease (SRMD) in critically ill patients. Proton Pump
Inhibitors (PPIs) are most commonly prescribed in preventing bleeding from SRMD. Pantoprazole iv and omeprazole iv are the most effective, but
clinically effective is not always efficient. This study aimed to investigate whether the most efficient PPIs for prophylaxis in ICU settings. An
observational study was conducted on June 2014 with comparative design by using medical records in January 2012−November 2014 in a private
hospital in Bandung City. Both retrospective and prospective data collection was performed in this study. Paired t-test analysis was used to
compare average cost of the drugs with significant level p<0.05. The results showed average cost of pantoprazole iv 458.142 IDR/patient and
omeprazole iv 575.573 IDR/patient, there were significant differences of average drug cost between pantoprazole iv and omeprazole iv (p=0.0085).
Both pantoprazole iv and omeprazole iv were effective but pantoprazole iv had been found more efficient.
Keywords: Cost analysis, PPIs, Prophylaxis, Stress ulcer bleeding.
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EVALUATION OF CHRONIC DISEASE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM IN INDONESIA: A PATIENT

PREFERENCE STUDY
RANO K. SINURAYA*, RIZKY ABDULAH, AJENG DIANTINI, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA
ABSTRACT
Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (PROLANIS) is a healthcare system that was conducted by Healthcare and Social Security Agency in
Indonesia to improve patients’ quality of life. The objective of this study was to analyze level satisfaction of patients, physicians, and private
Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCs) with this program, focusing on hypertension care. This study was conducted in 7 private PHCs in Bandung
City, Indonesia. A cross sectional study was performed to measure patient satisfaction with PSQ-18 on 143 PROLANIS patients with hypertension.
A total number of 8 physicians and 7 private PHC managers were involved in this study. Level satisfaction of physicians and private PHC
managers were observed by using in-depth interviews. The results showed that patient satisfaction was estimated to be 68.52±8.54, which could
be interpreted that patient satisfy with PROLANIS. In-depth interviews showed that physicians did not satisfy with PROLANIS due to several
factors (e.g., unintegrated prescription systems, lack of medicines, uncompleted laboratory facilities, lack of physicians, unintegrated referral
services, and lack of collaboration between primary and secondary healthcare system). On the other hand, private PHC managers were quite
satisfied with PROLANIS due to its linearity with other activities in private PHCs. Level satisfaction of patients with PROLANIS is quite good, while
physicians might not satisfy with this program. In particular, private PHC managers confirmed that they are satisfied with this program.
Keywords: PROLANIS, Hypertension, Satisfaction level, Patient Preference.
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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FROM TEN SPECIES OF MYRTACEAE
ZELIKA M. RAMADHANIA1*, MUHAMAD INSANU2, NENI S. GUNARTI3, RIKA HARTATI2, SUKRASNO2, KOMAR R.
WIRASUTISNA2
1Department of Pharmaceutical of Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2 Department of Pharmaceutical of
Biology, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. 3Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Buana Perjuangan, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Antioxidants are compounds that can inhibit free radical reactivity. They become very interesting to be observed because they can prevent some
diseases like goat arthritis, cancer, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, macular degeneration, etc. Since Indonesia is rich for its biodiversity,
there are a lot of plants that have potential to be developed as new alternative antioxidants. Because of that, the aim of this research was to evaluate
antioxidant activity from ten species of myrtaceae. They were Syzigium cumini, S. samarangense, S. aqueum, S. aromaticum, S. polyantum, S. jambos, S.
malaccense, Psidium guajava, Eucalyptus deglupta and Melaleuca leucadendra. Continous extraction with Soxhlet apparatus was selected as
extraction method. Three solvents (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) with different polarity were used in this process. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-
picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity was used for evaluating antioxidant activity with ascorbic acid as a standard drug. Based on the
experiments, methanol extracts showed higher activity than other extracts with their IC 50 were below than 25 µg/mL. The lowest IC50 was exhibited
by methanol extract of S. jambos which was 7.8 µg/mL. sIt can be concluded that S. jambos is potential to be developed as a new alternative
antioxidant.
Keywords: Antioxidants, Eucalyptus, Syzigium, Melaleuca, Psidium, DPPH.
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CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF GARCINIA MANGOSTANA L. PERICARP EXTRACT, FRACTION, AND

ISOLATES ON HELA CERVICAL CANCER CELLS
MUCHTARIDI*, FEBY S. AFIRANTI, PUTRI W. PUSPASARI, ANAS SUBARNAS, YASMIWAR SUSILAWATI

ABSTRACT
The mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp can be one of alternative therapy candidates to cure cervical cancer. This study was conducted
to see the cytotoxicity of the mangosteen pericarp extract, fraction, and isolate against HeLa cells. This research has been conducted on the isolation
by gravity column chromatography and TLC. Thus obtained isolates I-A and II-5B isolates thought to be a compound ɑ-mangostin and gartanin. The
identification results showed that both isolates had an absorption at a wavelength of ultraviolet, isolates I-A shows the O-H group, C-H aliphatic,
C=O, and C-O, whereas isolates II-5B shows the group O-H, C-H aliphatic, C-H, C=C, and C-O. In the mass spectroscopy identification isolates I-A and
II-5B has a molecular weight of 410 and 396. The method used to see the cytotoxicity against HeLa cervical cancer was WST (Water Soluble
Terazolium) assay. Variation of concentration and fraction of mangosteen pericarp extract were used in this research. The result of the study also
showed that the isolate I-A has the highest resistor effect against HeLa cervical cancer with IC506.507 μg/ml followed by ethyl acetate fraction,
ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and isolate II-5B with IC50 are 7.920 μg/ml, 18.087 μg/ml, 44.697 μg/ml, and 44.1μg/ml each.
Keywords: Cervical cancer, Mangosteen, Garcinia mangostana L., HeLa.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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EFFECTS OF NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE PROGRAM ON COST MINIMIZATION OF DRUGS

FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN ALL PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CENTERS IN BANDUNG
ANGELIKA RIANTI*, RANO K. SINURAYA, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA
ABSTRACT
The implementation of National Health Insurance (NHI) in Indonesia has increased the role of Primary Healthcare Center (PHC) on emphasising
promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative services with affordable cost through the insurance system. Comparing with other degenerative
diseases, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has a relatively higher prevalence in Bandung. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of NHI
program on cost minimization of drugs for CVD in all PHCs in Bandung. We compared two settings: (i) before the implementation of NHI (2013); and
(ii) after the implementation of NHI (2014), by using cost-minimization analysis. In this observational study with a retrospective data collection, we
also took into account the use of Defined Daily Dose (DDD) and Drug Utilization (DU) with two thresholds of 75% and 90%. Implementation of NHI
has decreased the number of CVD drug consumption (0.49%). Before the implementation of NHI, the cost related to CVD drug utilization (%) would
be 72.9% and 90.7% in the segment of DU70% and DU90%, respectively. After the implementation of NHI, the cost would increase up to 87.1% and
94.9% for both segments, respectively. In particular, the cost/DDD after the implementation of NHI also would increase up to 84.9% and 63.55% for
both segments, respectively. After the implementation of NHI, cost related to CVD drug utilization in all PHCs in Bandung is higher than before the
implementation of NHI.
Keywords: NHI, CVD, DDD, DU, Cost Minimization Analysis.
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EFFECTS OF VARIOUS SOLVENT ON THE POLYMORPHIC FORMS PROPERTIES AND ITS

SOLUBILITY NATURE OF EFAVIRENZ
YOGA W. WARDHANA1*, SUNDANI N. SOEWANDHI2, SALEH WIKARSA2, VEINARDI SUENDO3

1Departmentof Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of
Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. 3Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Faculty of
Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The phenomenon of polymorphism can occur in pharmaceutical compounds by a lot of treatments such as supersaturation, agitation rate, cooling
rate, solvent composition, temperature, seed crystals, additives and impurities. These polymorphic changes resulted affect to the physicochemical
quality of those compounds. Thus, quality evaluation of different crystal forms should be done especially the solubility behavior. In this investigation,
different solvent such as acetonitrile, methanol, methanol-water, acetone-water, n-Hexane and n-Heptane were used for the polymorphic
recrystallization of efavirenz (EFV). All of polymorphic crystal products were characterized by polarization microscope, differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and its solubility nature in water. There were significant
differences in morphology, crystal structure, thermal behavior and solubility properties among the samples recrystallized using those solvents. EFV
succeed to transform into another polymorphic forms by the solvents. Those crystal forms prove as same compound (EFV) by FTIR spectra. The
spectra patterns showed that all of samples has same functional groups that it means for identical of compound. So that, the physicochemical
properties of polymorphic forms from active pharmaceutical ingredients should be carefully considered in dosage forms pre-formulation approaches.
Keywords: Efavirenz, Structural properties, Solubility nature, Solvent types, Polymorphism.
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HOW CAN INDONESIA INTRODUCE DENGUE VACCINE? LESSONS LEARNED FROM OTHER
COUNTRIES
AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA1, WORO SUPADMI1,2, MEIVANA E. R. TAMBUNAN1*, RIZKY ABDULAH1

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2 Faculty of Pharmacy,
Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Dengue is a rapidly expanding disease affecting many countries, which imposes social and economic burdens on families and national healthcare
systems. Vaccine has been confirmed to be one of the most effective intervention to prevent dengue. Yet, the introduction of the dengue vaccine in
many countries, including in Indonesia, is currently in its infancy. We conducted a literature search to identify relevant articles in the last ten years
(2006-2016) in two major databases: PubMed and ProQuest. Using Indonesia as a reference case, we provided an illustration of the various steps
required to accelerate the introduction of dengue vaccine, by focusing on four issues: (i) integration with existing Expanded Programs on
Immunization (EPI) and vector control programs; (ii) design of catch-up campaigns; (iii) establishment of effective surveillance systems; and (iv)
sustainable financing issues. Factors related to the perceived value of dengue vaccine, health system characteristics, financial barriers and policy
considerations might cause the introduction delay in Indonesia. As a middle-income country, it is very important to ensure the sustainability of
dengue vaccination in Indonesia so that this new program would be financed over the long term and not endanger the sustainability of the
government’s financial position.
Keywords: Vaccination, Immunization, Cost-effective, NIP.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CURCUMA XANTHORIZA ROXB EXTRACT MOUTHWASH
MOELJADI G. TEDJASAPUTRA*, INSAN S. KURNIAWANSYAH, YOGA W. WARDHANA, TEUKU A. JAUHARA

ABSTRACT
Dental carries, among others, were caused by the activities of Streptococcus mutants and Lactobacillus acidophilus bacterias. Antiseptic in various
forms of mouthwash could be used to prevent these carries. In this study we sought the least formula which contained ginger of Curcuma
xanthorrhiza Roxb rhizome extract with Maximum Inhibitory Concentration against 1%w/v Streptococcus mutants. The result showed that
4%(w/v) ginger extract in the mouthwash preparation at 60 seconds contact time given the inhibition zone larger than the standard formula. All
mouthwash was made physically stable during the storage period.
Keywords: Dental carries, Mouthwash, Ginger extract, MIC.
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CAUSATIVE DRUGS OF DRUG-INDUCED STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME (SJS), TOXIC

EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS (TEN), AND SJS-TEN OVERLAP INCIDENCE AT AN INDONESIAN
REFERRAL HOSPITAL DURING 2009-2013
RIZKY ABDULAH1*, TAZKIA F. SUWANDIMAN1, NADHIRA HANDAYANI1, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA1, MELISA I.

BARLIANA2, KERI LESTARI1
1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of Biological
ABSTRACT
Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are acute life-threatening adverse drug reactions (ADRs) that are commonly
caused by medications. Identification and withdrawal of drugs suspected to cause SJS or TEN may decrease mortality. In this study, we aimed to
identify the most common causative drugs that suspected to induce these serious ADRs. We conducted a retrospective study to patients diagnosed
with drug-induced SJS, SJS-TEN overlap, and TEN from 2009 to 2013 in a referral hospital in West Java Province, Indonesia. Information on the
suspected causative drugs were collected and analyzed. The result showed that antibiotics were the most frequently implicated drugs as it present
as the suspected causative drugs in 15.67% of the total incidents, followed by analgesic-antipyretics (13.40%), Tuberculosis drugs (9.80%), Anti
HIV (6.54%), and NSAID (5.23%). This study showed a warning and the result should be seriously considered, especially in developing countries
like Indonesia, where antibiotics are still frequently used.
Keywords: Stevens–Johnson syndrome, Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Adverse drug reactions.
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POLYMORPHISM OF APM1 GENE IN CENTRAL OBESITY SUBJECTS RELATED TO INCREASE IN

BMI AND LIPID PROFILE
MELISA I. BARLIANA1*, POPPY D. YOLANDA1, TINA ROSTINAWATI1, HENRY NG2, RIZKY ABDULAH2, AJENG
DIANTINI2
1Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadajaran, Indonesia. 2Department of Pharmacology and
Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadajaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Central obesity is risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Subjects with central obesity have higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes to cardiovascular
disease. Many conditions affected central obesity prevalence, including energy expenditure, aging, pro-inflammatory conditions, hormonal, genetic,
and ethnic differences. Polymorphism of Adipose most abundant gene transcript 1 (APM1) gene, encoded protein called adiponectin, closely related
to metabolic syndrome. Adiponectin influences fatty acid oxidation and glucose intake in muscle. Therefore variation of APM1 gene associated with
diabetes and obesity. Aim of present study was to investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of APM1 gene
rs2241766 with Body Mass Index (BMI) and lipid profile in Indonesian (Bandung) subjects. Genotyping of APM1 gene was done using Amplification
Refractory Mutation System (ARMS). Whole blood and serum of 54 central obesity subjects (waist circumference (wc) >90 cm) and 53 healthy
subjects (wc <90 cm) were collected. Measurement of lipid profile (LDL, HDL, and Cholesterol Total) and BMI were examined. This study showed
that TT and GT genotype were observed (no GG genotype) in all subjects. Central obesity subjects with TT genotype have higher BMI and total
cholesterol level than GT genotype. This finding suggest that T allele of APM1 gene rs2241766 were dominant in Indonesia (Bandung) subjects and
subjects with TT homozygous genotype have higher incident of metabolic syndrome through increase in BMI and cholesterol level.
Keywords: APM1, Central obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, Indonesia, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism.
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AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY: QUALITY OF LIFE ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS IN CHRONIC USE OF

WARFARIN AT CARDIO OUTPATIENT UNIT OF BANDUNG HOSPITAL
DIKA P. DESTIANI*, MOCHAMMAD I. PERMANA, BUDHI PRIHARTANTO

Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadajaran, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular disease is the cause of the highest mortality rates in the world. The number of cardiovascular disease patients is increasing every
year. Data obtained from World Health Organization (WHO) that 17.5 million people died from this disease. The condition of cardiovascular disease
such as atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolism, and several other conditions need anticoagulant therapy. Results of the
anticoagulant therapy are measured not only by the effectiveness of INR value but also by the quality of life of the patients. The purpose of this
study was to determine the quality of life of warfarin usage in cardio outpatient unit of Bandung hospital. Data was collected from the quality of life
questionnaire (SF-36) and medical record of the patients. The results of this study showed that 28 patients (46.7%) had a good quality of life, 30
patients (50%) had a moderate quality of life, and 2 patients (3.3%) had a poor quality of life with no significant differences of age, gender,
diagnosis, and duration of drug use.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, Warfarin, Quality of life, SF-36.
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NUTMEG SEED EXTRACT (MYRISTICA FRAGRANS HOUTT) AS NUTRACEUTICAL FOR

ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIDYSLIPIDEMIC: A POTENTIAL NATURAL DUAL AGONIST PPAR α/γ
FROM INDONESIA
KERI L DANDAN1,*, AJENG DIANTINI1, MELISA I BARLIANA1, TRI H ACHMAD2, SRI H KARIADI2, ANAS
SUBARNAS1, JK HWANG3
1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.2Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 3Department of
Biotechnology & Bioproducts Research Center. Yonsei University, Korea.Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Patients with type 2 diabetes generally suffer from hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia which is treated by antidiabetic and antidyslipidemia, it will be
very meaningful if there are drugs that can cope with the conditions of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia as well. Thus, the development of
antidiabetic drugs in the world today, lead to the development of dual agonists PPAR α/γ. Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) is known having an
antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic activity with dual agonists PPAR α/γ mechanism. The aim of this study was to observe the antidiabetic and
antidyslipidemic activity of Indonesian nutmeg extract caplets on the type 2 diabetes mellitus mouse model induced by mice feed. The caplets were
provided by PT Kimia Farma Tbk. Indonesia. Animals objects were divided into 3 groups: negative control, positive control, and test groups which
each group consisted of five mouse model. Fasting blood glucose and triglyserides levels were measured before treatment as H0. Animals object
were treated for 6 days with which the negative control group was treated with PGA 2 % suspension, the positive control group was treated with a
daily dose suspension of fenofibrate and pioglitazone, while the test group was treated with a suspension of nutmeg seed extract caplets. There was
antidiabetic and antidislipidemic activity from nutmeg seed extract caplets which can decrease in fasting glucose and triglyserides levels on type 2
diabetes mellitus mouse model. The fasting blood glucose levels of all groups were measured again on the 2 nd, 4th and 6th day after the treatment
had been given as H1, H2 and H3. It can be concluded that there was an antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic activity from Indonesian nutmeg extract
caplets on diabetes mellitus which is proven by the decrease of fasting glucose and triglyserides levels on type 2 diabetes mellitus mouse model.
Keywords: Nutraceutical, Nutmeg seed extract, Antidiabetic, Antidyslipidemic, Natural Dual Agonist PPAR α/γ
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COMPARISON OF THREE REGIMENS ON DECREASING LEUKOCYTES AND INCIDENCE OF

NEUTROPENIA IN PATIENTS WITH NASOPHARYNGEAL CANCER AT RSUP DR HASAN
SADIKIN BANDUNG
NADIYA N. AFIFAH1, PRATIWI2, AJENG DIANTINI1,*

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Hasan Sadikin Hospital,
Bandung, Indonesia.Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Nasopharyngeal cancer is the ninth most common cancer in indonesia. The death of cancer patients is not mainly caused by the cancer itself, but
there are also several other factors, such as the side effect on decreasing leukocytes and incidence of neutropenia. Neutropenia is the highest
hematological toxicity caused by chemotherapy treatment, where its final manifestation is fatal case from systemic infection. The purpose of this
study is to compare three chemotherapy regimens on causing leukocyte reduction and the incidence of neutropenia in patients with
nasopharyngeal cancer at RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. The three compared chemotherapy regimens in this study were cisplatin, cisplatin/5-
FU, and carboplatin /paclitaxel. This research is an analytic observational study with retrospective data collection and cross-sectional analytic
design.The data were obtained from the medical records of inpatients with nasopharyngeal cancer during January 2015-December 2015. The data
from 86 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients (>18 y.o, female and male) were analyzed in this study. The results showed that there was no
significant differences (p> 0.05) in the three regimens on the reduction of leukocyte (p=0.327) and the average of Absolute Neutrofil Count
(p=0.240). The percentage of neutropenia incidence were 8.3%, 14.3% and 18.6% in cisplatin, cisplatin /5-FU and carboplatin/paclitaxel,
respectively.
Keywords: Nasopharyngeal cancer, leukocyte, neutropenia, cisplatin, cisplatin/5-FU, carboplatin/paclitaxel.
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ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OF MANGROVE HOLLY

LEAVES (ACANTHUS ILICIFOLIUS LINN.) IN WISTAR RATS WITH NON-INVASIVE BLOOD
PRESSURE METHOD
ELLIN FEBRINA*, AMI TJITRARESMI, SEPTIANI RAHAYU, MALIHAH HANANI

ABSTRACT
Previous studies had shown that ethanolic extract of mangrove holly leaves (Acanthus ilicifolius Linn.) exhibited the diuretic properties. In this
study, we conducted an administration in two weeks of ethanolic extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and aqueous fraction of
mangrove holly leaves in white male Wistar rats, after two weeks orally administration of sodium chloride 2%, to study the antihypertensive
activity of this plant with non-invasive blood pressure method. This study showed that ethanolic extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction,
and aqueous fraction of mangrove holly leaves significantly decreased the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The best systolic and diastolic blood
pressure reduction activity were exhibited by n-hexane fraction (24.04%) and ethanolic extract (32.20%), respectively. Ethanolic extract, n-hexane
fraction, and aqueous fraction of mangrove holly leaves showed the antihypertensive activities which were not different than hydrochlorothiazide
1.6 mg/Kg.
Keywords: Antihypertensive, Mangrove Holly Leaves, Acanthus ilicifolius Linn., Blood Pressure, Systolic, Diastolic.
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IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STANDARD OF PHARMACY PRACTICE ON PRESCRIPTION

SERVICES AT PHARMACIES IN YOGYAKARTA
CHYNTHIA P. SARI*, OKI R. MAFRUHAH, RIZKY N. FAJRIA, DIAN HERLINA, ANITA OKTAVIA, YUNITA B. DEWI
Universitas Islam Indonesia, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
In Indonesia, a new standard of pharmacy practice has been released by Ministry of Health in 2014. In the setting of retail pharmacies, this standard
is mainly provided in the prescription services. This research was aimed to assess the implementation of the standard of pharmacy practice as
released by Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, at the pharmacies in Yogyakarta. Convenience sampling was used to select the pharmacies
resulting in 16 pharmacies with total 50 pharmacists and 308 recipes included in this research. Direct observation on the prescription services and
structured interview with the pharmacists was conducted to gather the required data. This research found that the standard of pharmacy practice
in the prescription service was implemented by the pharmacist during assessment of the prescription (77.64%), compounding and packaging
(64.99%), and delivery of the prescribed medication (82.18%). Some aspects still need to be improved in regard with the collecting of patient’s
information needed to appropriately assess the prescription, such as medical history and allergy, and provision of drug information (drug side
effects, storage, food and drink the should be avoided).
Key words: Pharmacy practice, Prescriptions, Pharmacists.
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ANALYSIS OF BPJS KESEHATAN'S OUTPATIENT SATISFACTION WITH

PHARMACY SERVICE AT PUSKESMAS “X” IN YOGYAKARTA
DIAN MEDISA*, FITHRIA D. AYU, HANI H. SA’DIYAH

Apothecary Program, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
In early 2014, Indonesian government launched Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) to increase the health quality standard of Indonesian
citizen. In the JKN system, Puskesmas as the primary health care, has the important role for the member of BPJS Kesehatan. Patient satisfaction is
the perception while they get health service in Puskesmas. The more satisfaction of the patient, the more BPJS Kesehatan's member get health
service in Puskesmas. This research's aim was to know the BPJS Kesehatan outpatient's satisfaction with the pharmacy service in Puskesmas “X”,
and to know if socio-demographic factors affect the patient satisfaction. This was a descriptive-analytic research, which used cross-sectional design.
The sample was taken from January 2nd to 29th 2016. One hundred sample patients were taken with the accidental sampling method. Quantitative
data was collected with SERVQUAL questionnaire, which contain five dimensions (reliability, responsiveness, tangible, assurance, and empathy).
The data was analyzed with chi-square and spearmen rank correlation. The result of the research reveal that the highest reliability percentage
satisfaction was 83.15% and the lowest tangible percentage satisfaction was 75.17%. The finding also showed that there was correlation between
visiting frequency and the level of BPJS Kesehatan’s outpatient satisfaction with the pharmacy service in Puskesmas “X”.
Keywords: Puskesmas, BPJS Kesehatan, Outpatient, Satisfaction, Servqual.
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COST ANALYSIS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE JKN INPATIENTS AT THE PROVINCIAL

GENERAL HOSPITAL (RSUP) DR. SOERADJI TIRTONEGORO KLATEN
DIESTY A. NUGRAHENI*, FITHRIA D. A. SURYANEGARA, AMIR H. NASUTION

Apothecary Study Program, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Chronic kidney disease is a disease whose high morbidity, mortality and total of patients increase every year in Indonesia. The prevalence of
chronic kidney disease in Indonesia is 0.2%, in addition Central Java has prevalence of chronic kidney disease 0.3%. The research obtained for the
direct medical costs with hospital perspective, and the differentiation between real costs and INA CBG’s of chronic kidney disease in RSUP dr.
Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten. The research design was cross-sectional with descriptive observational method and used retrospective data. Subjects
were JKN patients with chronic kidney disease code N-4-10-I, N-4-10-II and N-4-10-III, and hospitalized in RSUP Dr.Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten
period January 2014-March 2015. The subjects that complete inclusion criteria were 72 patients. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistic
such as description of direct medical cost and the differences between real costs and INA CBG’s. The average direct medical costs of chronic kidney
disease in severity I (N-4-10-I) class I was Rp.4.374.000,00, class II was Rp.3.337.386,00±Rp.2.580.268,00, and class III was Rp.2.468.811,00±
Rp.1.754.347,00. The average direct medical costs in severity II (N-4-10-II) class I was Rp.10.507.778,00, class II was Rp.4.207.044,00, and class III
was Rp.4.124.892,00±Rp.4.194.152,00. The average direct medical costs in severity III (N-4-10-III) class I was Rp.9.318.324,00, and class III was
Rp.9.265.302,00± Rp.9.861.752,00. Total real cost of chronic kidney disease in RSUP Dr.Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten had positive differences
Rp.14.877.018,00 with INA-CBGs.
Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Direct Medical Costs, INA-CBGs (Indonesia Case Base Groups).
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IMPROVING TYPE 2 DIABETES MELITUS PATIENTS’S PHARMACEUTICAL CARE BY

ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF LIFE AND PATIENTS’ PERCEPTION
DYAH A. PERWITASARI1*, SETYO BUDI1, IMANIAR N. FARIDAH1, ADRIAN A.D. KAPTEIN2

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia. 2Department of Medical Psychology, Leiden University Medical Center,
Leiden, The Netherlands. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The prevalence of T2DM patients in Indonesia is high and it is predicted to reach 21 million in 2030. One of the treatment outcomes for T2DM
patients is to improve quality of life (QoL). This study was aimed to evaluate T2DM patients’ QoL both in with and without complication and to
understand the association between patients’ perception and QoL. We conducted cross sectional study in Private Hospital of Yogyakarta. We
recruited adult patients with diagnose of T2DM and T2DM along with the complication. Subjects were recruited if they were diagnosed as T2DM at
least 3 months before the study. We excluded pregnancy and lactation patients. Student-T test analysis was performed to understand the domains
differences between T2DM patients with and without complication. Regression Linier test was performed to understand association between
patients’ perception and QoL. DQLCTQ and BIPQ were used to measure patients’ QoL and patients, respectively. We recruited 139 T2DM patients
without and with complication. Female patients are dominant in both of group. Most of subjects in both groups experienced T2DM more than 5
years. The significant differences of results are shown in the domains of; health problem, self-satisfaction, energy, treatment effect, frequency of
symptoms and treatment satisfaction (p<0.05). The highest score of perception is shown in consequence domain (mean: 6.27). The significant
associations are presented between positive perception and all domains of QoL, except for treatment satisfaction (p<0.01). Our study found that
complication in T2DM may deteriorate patients’ QoL. Thus, pharmacists should increase their pharmaceutical care to prevent complication in
T2DM patients. The good education and information may improve patients’ perception to disease and medication. This service may indirectly
improve patients’ QoL.
Keywords: Perception, QoL, T2DM, Indonesia, DQLCTQ, BIPQ.
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HAIR GROWTH POTENSIAL OF MANGKOKAN (NOTHOPANAX SCUTELLARIUM MERR) LEAF

EXTRACT ON MALE WHITE RABBIT
DIAH WARDANI1*, MARLINE ABDASAH1, YASMIWAR SUSILAWATI2, ANAS SUBARNAS3

1Department of Technology Pharmacy and Cosmetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of Biological
Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 3Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of
ABSTRACT
Mangkokan leaves are known to have activity nourish hair. This mangkokan leaves contains flavonoid compounds that presumably contained
therein apigenin which served to accelerate hair growth with a mechanism widens the blood vessels. This study was conducted to determine the
best concentration of ekstak mangkokan to grow hair. The extract obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. The test preparation was made by
dissolving the concentrated extract obtained into 100 mL of ethanol. For a concentration of 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% was made with 2.5 grams, 5 grams
and 7.5 grams of concentrated extract is diluted with 100 mL. Tests conducted for 28 days with the treatment of morning and afternoon. Activity
test was conducted by Tanaka et al. The results showed that the most excellent hair growth obtained at concentrations of 7.5%, softest hair texture
found in rabbits treated with a concentration of 2.5%. At a concentration of 7.5% activity hair growth is almost the same result with the growth of
rabbit hair treated with minoxidil 5%, hair growth stocks in the market.
Keywords: Leaves mangkokan, Concentrated extract, Hair growth.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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A STUDY OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEM (DRP) IN ELDERLY PATIENT ON ROUTINE

HEMODIALYSIS
FAJRIANSYAH1*, RAHMAWATI SYUKUR2, HAERANI RASYID3

1Akademi Farmasi Kebangsaan Makassar, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia. 3RSUP Dr. Wahidin
Sudirohusodo. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The growth of the elderly population is increasing globally. This study aims to find out the level of Drug Related Problems (DRP) incidents in elderly
patients with routine hemodialysis. This cross sectional was conducted on elderly patient having routine hemodialysis at RSUP. Dr. Wahidin
Sudirohusodo from April 01 to June 30, 2015. The DRP analysis was conducted by taking notes of the patients’ treatment profile. The data were
analysed theoretically based on the literature study and interviews with the patients. Assessment of medical obedience and unexpected side effects
was conducted using Modified Morisky Scale and Naranjo Scale questionnaires. There were 32 subjects with several characteristics: age of 60-74
years old (30 patients) and >74 years old (2 patients); male (17 patients) and female (15 patients); duration hemodialysis <8 months (13 patients)
and ≥8 months (19 patients); comorbidity DM (18 patient) and non DM (14 patient). There were 40 DRP cases found in this study including 20
cases (50%) of drug interactions, 5 cases (12.5%) Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR), 4 cases (10%) subtherapeutic dose, 3 cases (7.5%) of failure to
receive drugs, 3 cases (7.5%) of overdose, 2 cases (5%) of inproper drug selection, 2 cases (5%) of drug use without indication, and 1 case (2.5%) of
indication without therapy.
Keywords: DRPs, Elderly, Hemodialysis, RSUP. Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE STUDY OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT IN NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE

UNIT IN CENTRAL JAVA HOSPITAL
IKA P. SARI1*, TITIK NURYASTUTI2, DJOKO WAHYONO1, DARU ESTININGSIH1, FITRI RAHMANTIKA1
1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) is defined as acquired non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories. MDR can be
caused by several things, including the use improper antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance is still a global problem, including Indonesia. This study aims
to identify patterns of MDR organism (MDRO) in Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit ( PICU and NICU) in Central Java Hospital during the
period January 2014 to December 2015. The study was conducted using descriptive retrospective design. Forty six patients in NICU and thirty six
patients in PICU were included for this study. All the subject were performed cultur and sensitivity tests by microbiologist specialist doctor. Results
show that 98-100% speciments from NICU and PICU patents exhibited MDRO. The bacterias that infect patients in NICU are Pseudomonas sp,
Klebsiella sp, Serratia sp, Enterobacter sp, Acinetobacter sp and Edwardsiella sp whereas in PICU patients are Pseudomonas sp, Klebsiella sp, Serratia
sp, Enterobacter sp, Acinetobacter sp, Enterococcus sp, E.coli and Moraxella sp. The type of bacterial infection are sepsis (82.6% in NICU patients and
63.9% in PICU patients). Antibiotics which still potent for almost all bacteria in NICU patients are meropenem and ciprofloxacin whereas
meropenem in PICU patients. More than 50% of patients in NICU stayed in the hospital were less than 7 days while in PICU they stayed more than 7
days. The death rate of patients in NICU was higher than in PICU. Severity and antibiotic doses might be involved in the outcome therapy of the
patients.
Keywords: Multidrug-resistant, Neonatal, Pediatric.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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AN INFLUENCE OF MODIFIED COUNSELING METHOD AGAINST THE EFFECTIVENESS OF

PHARMACOTHERAPY OF HYPERLIPIDEMIC PATIENTS IN SOME PHARMACIES, BANDUNG
CITY OF INDONESIA
ANAS SUBARNAS1*, FITRI ALFIANI1, DADI S. ARGADIREDJA2

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Counseling is a process of systematic two-way communication between pharmacists and patients to identify and solve problems. Counseling is very
important, especially for patients with specific chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). The main risk factor in CVD is uncontrolled
hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemic patients must undergo treatment in a long time and require high compliance to take medicines and good lifestyle
changes in order to achieve better therapeutic results. To achieve all, appropriate counseling methods which are in accordance with the standards
are needed. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the effect of a counseling method with modification against the effectiveness of
pharmacotherapy of hyperlipidemic patients. This research was done using a quasi-experimental approach with counseling intervention against
hyperlipidemic patients undergoing pharmacotherapy with statin in some pharmacies in Bandung city, Indonesia. The patients were divided into a
control group that was given verbal counseling alone and an experimental group that received modified counseling. The modified counseling was
verbal counseling accompanied by administration of leaflets and video as well as monitoring on the use of medicines conducted through phone. The
numbers of samples used in this study were 72 patients consisting of 36 patients as the control group and 36 patients as the experimental group.
The dependent variables observed were perception of the patients on hyperlipidemia disease, behavior of the patients on therapy, and lipid profile
examined in the laboratory. The results showed that perception, behavior, and lipid profile of the patients in the experimental group experienced a
greater improvement as compared with those in the control group. This means that the modified counseling method was more effective than the
usual counseling method in supporting hyperlipidemic therapy.
Keywords: Counseling, Hyperlipidemia, Pharmacy, Statin.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT AND ITS FRACTIONS FROM MALACCA

FRUIT (PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA L.) AGAINTS BACILLUS CEREUS FNCC0057 AND SHIGELLA
DYSENTERIAE ATCC13313
TIANA MILANDA1*, ARIF S. W. KUSUMA 1, KUGANESH SHANMUGATHAN2

1Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas
Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Diarrhea is a symptom of the disease characterized by increased frequency of defecation more than three times a day, with a more fluid of feces,
which sometimes caused by a bacterial infection. In Ayurvedic medicine, the fruit of Malacca (Phyllanthus emblica L.) is often used as an
antibacterial and antiviral against various infectious diseases. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activities of ethanol extract and its
fraction of Malacca fruit and determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was against
diarrhea-causing bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus FNCC0057 and Shigella dysenteriae ATCC13313. The study was conducted through the
determination of the plant, preparation and extraction of simpisia, fractionated extract, antibacterial activity test of ethanol extract and its fractions,
determination MIC and MBC from the most active fractions and phytochemical screening of this fraction. The results showed that ethanol extract
and its fractions of Malacca fruit has antibacterial activities against B. cereus FNCC0057 and S. dysenteriae ATCC13313, where the greatest activity
was shown by the fraction of ethyl acetate. This fraction has MIC 0.187 to 0.375% (w/v) and MBC 0.375% (w/v) against B. cereus FNCC0057, while
MIC 0.09375 to 0.1875% (w/v) and MBC 0.1875% (w/v) against S. dysenteriae ATCC13313. The antibacterial activity of this fraction probably
derived from alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, monoterpenes or sesquiterpenes compounds.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Malacca fruit, Phyllanthus emblica L, Bacillus cereus FNCC0057, Shigella dysenteriae ATCC13313.
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ADRENAL SUPPRESSION OF INDUCTION PHASE CHEMOTHERAPY IN PATIENT WITH ACUTE

LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA
OCTAVIANA M. SIMBOLON1*, YULISTIANI1, I DEWA G. UGRASENA 2, MARIYATUL QIBTIYAH3

1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Indonesia. 2Department of Paediatrics, Dr. Soetomo
Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia. 3Department of Pharmacy, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Glucocorticoids play an important role in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). However, supraphysiological doses may cause
suppression of the adrenal. Adrenal suppression resulting in reduced cortisol response may cause an inadequate host defence against infections,
which remains a cause of morbidity and mortality in children with ALL. The occurrence of adrenal suppression before and after glucocorticoid
therapy for childhood ALL is unclear. The aim of this study was to analysis the effect of glucocorticoid on cortisol levels during chemotherapy
induction phase in children with ALL. A cross-sectional, observational prospective study was conducted to determine the effect of glucocorticoid on
cortisol levels in children with ALL. Patients who met inclusion criteria were given glucocorticoid therapy for 49 days according to the 2013
Indonesian Chemotherapy ALL Protocol. There were 24 children who suffered from ALL. In standard risk group, the adrenal suppression occurs at
around day 56. There was a significant decrement of cortisol levels in high risk group in day 14, 28, 42 against day 0 of induction phase (p=0,001).
Both groups displayed different peak cortisol levels after 6 week of induction phase (p=0,028). Effect of dexamethasone on adrenal suppression
was faster than prednisone during the induction phase of chemotherapy. This is due to differences in parameters of pharmacodynamics and
pharmacokinetics of both. The incidence of adrenal suppression provides an opportunity high incidence of febrile neutropenia in patients receiving
glucocorticoids that would be associated with an increased incidence of infection.
Keywords: Glucocorticoid, Cortisol levels, Adrenal suppression, Prednisone, Dexamethasone, Children.
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GIVING ANTIBIOTICS STUDY IN ORDER ENHANCING THE SUCCESS OF THERAPY IN

PATIENTS WITH SEPSIS
SAMUEL BUDI1*, ZULLIES IKAWATI1, IWAN DWIPRAHASTO2, TITIK NURYASTUTI3

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmaceutical, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. 2Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology. 3Department of Clinical Microbiology, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Sepsis is a disease that causes many cases of death in a patient around 9.3% of all cases of sepsis patients which lead to death of 250,000 patients in
the United States. De-escalation of antibiotic is expected to increase the effectiveness of therapy, decrease in the level of antibiotic resistance and
highly reduce mortality rate in sepsis patients. The purpose of this study was to describe the frequency and characteristics of antibiotics de-
escalation in patients with sepsis and its effect on patients. The study was conducted retrospectively and purposive sampling in hospitalized
patients in Yogyakarta with age> 15 years from January to December 2015. The result showed that 46 patients underwent de-escalation and 116
patients did not have antibiotics de-escalation, in which most of the cases was the absence of changes in the types of antibiotics that were given
from the beginning of therapy until treatment was completed. Most of the treated sepsis patients are arounf 46-60 years (36.4%), the highest length
of hospital stay was 6-10 days (27.2%), majority amount of antibiotics received by the patients was 1-2 types of antibiotics (46.9%), the origin of
sepsis patients before taken in as inpatient mostly came from the emergency department around 103 patients (63.6%), clinical outcomes of
patients who recovered were 75 patients (46.3%), co-morbidities that frequently appear in sepsis patients was pneumonia around 60 cases
(16.6%). Patients who were culture examined were 47 patients (29%). The most sensitive antibiotic that can be given to patients with sepsis is the
cephalosporin group antibiotic.
Keywords: Sepsis, Antibiotics, Antibiotic De-escalation, Culture.
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MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE-INDEPENDENT PATHWAY OF ANTIPROLIFERATIVE

ACTIVITY OF ANNONA MURICATA LEAVES EXTRACT IN JURKAT T CELLS
MELISA I. BARLIANA1*, AJENG DIANTINI2, ANAS SUBARNAS2, RIZKY ABDULAH2, TAKASHI IZUMI3
1Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran. 2Department of Pharmacology and Clinical
Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran. 3Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University,
JapanEmail: [email protected]
Abstract
The prevalence of cancer is high in all over the world, including Indonesia. Investigations of new anticancer from natural product are still become
interest considering side effect of synthetic anticancer drugs. Annona muricata (A. muricata) is native Indonesian plant that has been used
empirically for decades as anticancer, antidiabetes, and immunomodulator. In present study we investigated the antiproliferative activity of A.
muricata leaves extract and fraction in Jurkat cells, an acute Leukimia T cell line. The leaves of A. muricata were extracted using ethanol and
fractionated using ethyl acetate, n-hexane, or water. The proliferation assay was done using CellTiter-Glo based on ATP calculation of viable cells.
The underlined mechanism was examined by western blot analysis of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs), which is JNK, ERK, and p38
protein. The result observed that ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of A. muricata inhibit proliferation of Jurkat cells. The antiproliferative
activity of A. muricata did not stimulate expression of JNK, ERK or p38 protein. This study showed that antiproliferative activity of A. muricata
leaves was MAPKs-independent. Further elucidation is needed to confirm the antiproliferative activity of A. muricata leaves and its underlined
mechanism.
Keywords: Anticancer, MAPKs, JNK, ERK, p38 protein.
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PERCEPTION STUDY OF STUDENTS FROM THE HEALTH FACULTIES AT UNIVERSITAS

PADJADJARAN ON THE USE OF “KEROKAN” AS ONE OF LOCAL WISDOMS IN INDONESIA
ILYAS N. FATAHILLAH1,*, ARIF S. W. KUSUMA 2, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA1

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran. 2Department of Biological
Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
“Kerokan” is one of traditional treatment methods in Indonesia that can be categorized as a local wisdom. Despite the fact that “kerokan” has been
used widely for several purposes (e.g., nausea and fatigue), it has been known its several side effects, such as breaking the blood vessels and causing
continuous pain. However, the result from a study conducted in 2012 has broken the myth that “kerokan”might cause rupture of blood vessels.
Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study on measuring people perceptions related to “kerokan”, and its relationship with the variables of Health
Belief Model (HBM), such as gains, obstacles, and ability to act. An online survey was conducted in this study by using students from the faculty of
health, Universitas Padjadjaran, as the research subject. The result was analyzed by using Pearson. It showed that the perception level of
respondents on “kerokan” was good. The perceived level associated with variables of gain and ability to act was significant. In particular, the
perceived level associated with barrier variable was significant, yet inverse.
Keywords: Online Survey, Perception, Questionnaire, Health Belief Model.
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PLATELET AGGREGATION PROFILE AND CARDIOVASCULAR EVENT IN CORONARY HEART

DISEASE PATIENTS WITH DUAL ANTIPLATELET
IKE D. ROCHMAWATI1*, NANI PARFATI2, EDLIN MANDA3, CAROLLINA3

1 Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya. 2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya. 3 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Platelet aggregation plays an important role in atherosclerosis process in Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) patients. Antiplatelet acts to prevent
platelet aggregation and thrombus subsequently. Thrombus will block artery coronaries. Antiplatelet responsiveness can be seen by aggregation
platelet profile. Based on the background, the aim of this research was to review platelet aggregation and cardiovascular event profile in CHD
patients with dual antiplatelet. Prospective study was used in this study. CHD patients with dual antiplatelet therapy, willing to follow this research,
and compliance with therapy were recruited into this study. Blood samples from patients were collected for platelet aggregation test. Platelet
aggregation was analyzed by Light Aggregometry which used three platelet inducer (ADP, Collagen, Epinephrine). Cardiovascular event was
defined by ischemic attack that CHD patients got in 3 months. 12 patients were recruited for this research. From the 12 patients, 5 patients occured
ischemic attack within follow up. Platelet aggregation for that 5 patients which had ischemic attack, was normal and under normal platelet
aggregation. Platelet activation is contributor subsequent atherothrombosis in patients with high inflammatory regulations in artery wall and
systemic circulation. Platelet aggregation profile can be reflected as antiplatelet activity. Statistical analysis was done for aggregation profile and
cardiovascular event. P-values > 0.05 which means there’s no correlation between platelet aggregation and cardiovascular event. Platelet
aggregation in this research showed in normal and under normal function. Antiplatelet concentration should be measured for filling the gap
between aggregation profile and cardiovascular event.
Keyword: Platelet aggregation, Antiplatelet, Cardiovascular event.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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HYPERLIPIDEMIA KNOWLEDGE: A SINGLE CENTRE CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY AMONG

UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND STAFF MEMBERS
RAJA A. AFTAB1,2*, AHMAD A. B. RAHIM1, AMER H. KHAN1, SYED A. SULAIMAN1, KASHIF U. KHAN1, NURUDIN A.
SALAM2
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. 2 Chronic Kidney Disease
Resource Centre, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Education and awareness promotion were recommended by several guidelines as a primary prevention for Hyperlipidaemia. This study aimed to
evaluate the level of knowledge regarding hyperlipidaemia of student and staff of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). A cross-sectional survey was
undertaken at Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang. The validated questionnaire was divided into four sections. The section one included question
regarding causes of hyperlipidaemia, section two included question regarding food with high cholesterol level, section three included question
regarding complication of hyperlipidaemia and the final section included question regarding cholesterol lowering medication. SPSS version 20 was
used for statistical analysis. Majority of the respondents were Malay (82.4%) and aged below 29 years old (74.6%). The mean score was 3.6 (SD
1.08) points, 6.3 (SD 1.06) points and 2.03 (SD 1.01) respectively with maximum score of “6”, “7” and “4” for section one, two and three
respectively. The fourth section showed that less than 20% of the respondent knows regarding the medication. Significant association was
observed for the knowledge scores of section one with gender (p=0.006) and respondents age below 29 years (p=0.007). Similarly, significant
association was observed in the second section scores with smoking status (p=0.003) and ethnicity (p=0.003) and the third section scores with
gender (p=0.02). Several respondent factors such as gender, ethnicity and smoking status were identified that affect the knowledge level of
hyperlipidaemia. Regular educational seminars and public awareness campaign can bring positive changes in knowledge of hyperlipidaemia.
Keywords: Hyperlipidaemia, Knowledge, Awareness.
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STUDY OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPS) IN PATIENTS WITH HEMORRHAGE STROKE

IN GENERAL HOSPITAL CENTER MAKASSAR DR. WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO (SUPERVISED
BY ELLY WAHYUDIN AND H. AMIRUDDIN ALIAH)
RAHMAD AKSA
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi, Makassar, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Stroke still remain a serious concern in worldwide, because it is the third cause of deaths after cancer and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed
to determine Drugs Related Problems (DRPs), which are unwanted drug reactions, problems of drug selection, dosage problems, problems of drug
use, drug interactions in patients with Hemorrhagic Stroke in General Hospital Center DR. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. The study was
conducted prospectively from January to March 2016. Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) 5:01 version was used as DRPs standard-
setting in patients. There were 31 patients as the study subject. There were five categories of DRPs events found, DRPs category of the most
common is the problem of selection of drugs (53.8%), problems ROTD (7.7%), drug use (15.4%), the problem of interaction (6.5%), the problem of
the dose (7.7%). Association between category and cause of DRPs in patients was obtained from the calculation using SPSS 23 statistical
correlation. We found that between 5 DRPs incidents, only one incident has correlation with informations and logistics with p-value<0.05 (p=0.00).
Correlation between category of DRPs and cause of informations and logistics with category of drug interactions and selection of drugs or doses
have p-value<0.05 (p=0.00). These data indicate that there is a prevalence of DRPs in patients with hemorrhagic stroke.
Keywords : Haemorrhage stroke, DRPs, PCNE v5.01.
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DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE IN GENERAL HOSPITAL

CENTER DR. WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO MAKASSAR
AKBAR AWALUDDIN1*, ELLY WAHYUDIN2, AMIRUDDIN ALIAH3

1Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia. 3General Hospital Center Dr.
Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar, Indonesia. Email : [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This study aim to identify the types of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) and provide the study on the incidence of DRPs that occur in patients with
ischemic stroke. The study was an observational study with prospective and descriptive analizing data. The tools of this sudy were Guideline Stroke
PERDOSSI 2011, AHA/ASA Primary Prevention of Ischemic Strok 2006, and PCNE Classification V 5.01, and Stockley’s Drug Interaction. We
recruited 35 patients in the hospital. There were a total of 50 DRPs were found, the most frequent DRP categories encountered were interactions
(88%) which is “potential interactions”, dosing problems (6%) which is “duration of treatment too short”, drug of choice problems (4%) which is
“no drug prescribed but clear indications”, and drug use problems (2%) which is “drug not taken/administered all”. The causes were drug/dose
selection (89,7%), information (2,6%), and others (7,7%). Dosing problems over drug/dose selections, information, and other causes have shown
significantly correlation with p=0,00 (p<0.05). Drug use problems over logistics showed significant correlation with p=0,00 (p<0.05). Interaction
problems over drug/dose selections showed significantly correlation with p=0,00 (p<0.05). These data indicated that there were prevalence of
DRPs in ischemic stroke patients.
Keywords: Ischemic stroke, DRPs, PCNE v5.01.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ACTINODAPHNINE DERIVED FROM INDONESIAN HERBAL PLANTS, CUSCUTA AUSTRALIS

AND LITSEA GLUTINOSA, IS A POTENTIAL CANDIDATE OF DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE 4
INHIBITOR FOR BREAST CANCER THERAPY
RATIH D. YUDHANI*, DONO INDARTO, ANINDITYA V. PUTRINADIA, TAQWATIN MA’RIFAH, YULIANA H.

SUSELO, PRATHITA NITYASEWAKA, ZAKA J. FIRDAUS, ZAHRA D. NISA
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret , Surakarta, IndonesiaEmail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The prevalence of breast cancer in Indonesia is 48.988 cases in 2012 with 1.14% mortality rate. Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP4) protein has
contributed in pathogenesis of some cancers. In silico study indicated that actinodaphnine has similar properties to sitagliptin (DPP4 inhibitor).
However, the inhibitory effect of actinodaphnine in cancer cells has not been established. Therefore, this research study aimed to investigate the
cytotoxic effect of actinodaphnine from Indonesian herbal plants on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Some Indonesian phytochemicals were
screened using molecular docking with sitagliptin as a standard ligand. AutoDockVina 1.1.2, PyMol 1.7 and Chimera 1.9 softwares were used to
analyze phytochemicals-DPP4 binding complexes. Actinodaphnine in Cuscuta australis and Litsea glutinosa was extracted using maseration and
sohxletation methods. MTT assay was used to determine proliferation rate of cancer cells. Data were analyzed using linear regression.
Actinodaphnine was similar to sitagliptin in terms of binding energy (-8.5 vs. -8.3 kcal/mol) and binding sites at catalytic site (Ser 630 and His 740
residues) and the other site (Glu 205 and Glu 206). Administration of 300 ppm ethanol soxhletation of Cuscuta australis was able to inhibit 50%
growth of MCF-7 cells. However, a higher dose (400 ppm) of ethanol maceration of Litsea glutinosa was required for inhibition of 50% cell growth.
Ethanol extract of Cuscuta australis and Litsea glutinosa has anticancer activity and may become a potential therapy for breast cancer. In future,
investigation of the anticancer properties will be used high purity of actinodaphnine.
Keywords: Actinodaphnine, Breast cancer, DPP4 inhibitor, Phytochemicals.
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THE IMPACT OF PHARMACY SUPPORT SYSTEM IN THE DETECTION OF DRUG-RELATED

PROBLEMS
TRI M. ANDAYANI1*, FITA RAHMAWATI1, MUHAMMAD R. ROCHMAN2

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada. 2Department of Pharmaceutics,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada has developed software of clinical information system called Pharmacy Support System (PSS), in
which this system is able to assess prescriptions in outpatient and provide warning upon potential DRPs. The efficiency and speed of a system in
identifying DRPs can support and optimize the performance of pharmacists. The objective of this research was to determine the time of analysis
and the number of DRPs incidences identified by pharmacists with and without PSS assistance. The present research was observational with cross-
sectional design. The data collection was done prospectively in outpatients at hospital during January 2016. The research population was patients
attending outpatient treatment at a number of hospitals in Yogyakarta with patient inclusion criteria of pediatric, geriatric, and heart disorders. The
patients that had met inclusion criteria are identified with the presence or absence of potential DRPs. Observations were conducted to the
difference between the analysis and the number of DRPs incidence identified by the pharmacists with and without the assistance of PSS.
Furthermore, measurement was undertaken for analysis time and total DRPs incidences. DRPs incidences detected by pharmacists with and
without the assistance of PSS indicates significant differences (p<0.05). Pharmacists with the help of PSS can detect DRPs that are not detected by
the pharmacist without the help of PSS. DRPs mostly identified by pharmacists with the assistance of PSS are drug interactions and improper doses.
Improper doses primarily identified in geriatric and pediatric prescription. Drug interaction warning generally appear in patients with
cardiovascular disorder. The DRPs analysis using PSS require a longer time due to prescription’s data input process and requirement to read the
warnings issued by PSS.
Keywords: Pharmacy support systems, Drug-related problems, Outpatients.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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CHITRANONE IN PLUMBAGO ZEYLANICA PLANT IS A NEW THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE

INHIBITOR WHICH IS MORE POTENT THAN 5-FLUOROURACIL
DONO INDARTO*, YOGA M. PRATAMA, YULIANA H. SUSELO

Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret , Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has routinely been used for treatment of colorectal and breast cancers. This drug inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS) activity
in cancerous cells. The effectivity of 5-FU use reduced because of its serious side effects. In silico study is an effective approach for screening herbal
drug compounds. Indonesia is one of the country around the world with vast biodiversity of medicinal plants. Therefore, the aim of this study was
to identify TS inhibitor from Indonesian herbal compounds which were more potent than 5-FU. AutoDock Vina 1.1.2 software was used to dock
structurally between herbal compunds and TS. Fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate (fdUMP) or 5-FU metabolite served as the standard ligand.
Their binding complexes were visualized using PyMOL software. Toxicity and target specificity of the best herbal compounds were determined
using in silico study. Quercetin (-8,7 kcal/mol), Lobeline hydrochloride (-9,0 kcal/mol), luteolin (-9,0 kcal/mol) dan chitranone (-10,9 kcal/mol)
have lower binding energy than fdUMP (-8,4 kcal/mol). There was only chitranone that had similar binding sites at Arg50 and Asn226 residues
compared with fdUMP. Mutagenic effect was found only in Quercetin but it had the highest fit score against TS (4.661). The next fit score was
luteolin (4.474) and chitranone (4.093). Chitranone was found highly abundant in leaves and roots of Plumbago zeylanica plant. Chitranone is more
potent than 5-FU as a TS inhibitor in silico study. In vitro study was required for further analysis of anticancer properties of chitranone in Plumbago
zeylanica.
Keywords: 5-Fluorouracil, Herbal compound, Molecular docking, Thymidylate synthaseI.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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EFFECT OF ZINC SUPPLEMENTATION ON NEUTROPHIL LYMPHOCYTES RATIO AS SYSTEMIC

INFLAMMATION INDICATOR OF DIABETIC FOOT ULCER PATIENT
ARI KURNIANINGSIH1*, SITI SJAMSIYAH1, ROUDHOTUL ISMAILYA2, ARWIN ACHJAR3

1Departmentof Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Airlangga University, Indonesia. 2Instalation of Clinical Pathology Hospital
Blambangan, Indonesia. 3Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Blambangan, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) patients had some clinical finding of zinc deficiency. That impact to immune functions, hormon regulation, delayed wound
healing and lead poor prognosis which is characterized by an increase of Neutrophyl Lymphocites Ratio (NLR) value. This study aimed to evaluate
zinc supplementation effect on NLR with three cut off point (2,89; 3,95; 5,25). An experimental randomized control trial study was conducted to
evaluate pre-post zinc serum and pre-post NLR. The inclusion criteria was DFU grade I-III Wagner scale. All patients (n=24) received same
treatment as they need, but treatment group (n=12) received oral 40 mg zinc once daily. Levels of zinc had significant correlation with NLR DFU
Patients with r = 0.742 and p<0.001. Zinc serum pre-suplementation control group patients was 48,25±9,45 (66-35) mg/dL and treatment was
42,33±11,60 (56-16) mg/dL. NLR of control group patients was (1,1-10,5); 6 patients with NLR>2,89, and treatment group was (1,3-16,2); 6
patients with NLR>2,89. Zinc serum post-suplementation control group patients was 43,41±7,93 (64-31) mg/dL and treatment group was
61,92±11,66 (78-43) mg/dL. NLR post-suplementation control group (0,91-10,8); 5 patients with NLR>2,89, treatment group (0,96-2,4); while no
patient with NLR>2,89. 40 mg zinc supplementation once daily for 4 weeks on DFU patients with zinc deficiency may improve NLR of the patients.
Keywords: Zinc serum, Zinc deficiency, Zinc supplementation, Diabetic foot ulcer, gangren, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, NLR, Neutrophyl
Lymphocytes Ratio, Systemic inflamation indicator.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE EFFECT OF TRANEXAMIC ACID USED AS ANTIFIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY FOR

HAEMORRHAGIC STROKE PATIENTS TO GLASGOW COMA SCALE FOR THE FIRST 7 DAYS
CHRISTIANUS H. SETIAWAN1*, ZULLIES IKAWATI2, ABDUL GOFIR3

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sanata Dharma, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. 3Unit Stroke
RSUP Dr. Sardjito, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The use of tranexamic acid as anti-fibrinolytic therapy in patients with hemorrhagic stroke is intended to prevent re-bleeding due to fibrinolytic
activity that often occurs in 24-48 hours after onset. Re-bleeding is an important cause of bad outcomes that result in loss of consciousness and
even death. The administration of the anti-fibrinolytic tranexamic acid in patients with hemorrhagic stroke can reduce the occurrence of re-
bleeding but it also can increase poor outcome caused by cerebral ischemia that can worsen the patient's condition. The purpose of this study was
to determine the effectiveness of the use of tranexamic acid in patients with hemorrhagic stroke. This study used observational study design,
cohort, prospective and multicenter. Statistical testing is done by analyzing the GCS score on day 1 st, day 3rd, and day 7th between the treatment
groups hemorrhagic stroke patients who received tranexamic acid therapy as anti-fibrinolytic therapy in Bethesda Hospital for 23 patients
compared with a control group of patients with hemorrhagic stroke who did not receive tranexamic acid therapy as anti-fibrinolytic therapy in the
Dr. Sardjito Hospital for 23 patients. The statistical analysis of the independent t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the
average GCS score of day 1st (p=262), day 3rd (p=0.293), and day 7th (p=0.648) between treatment group and control group. The statistical
analysis of the Mann-Whitney showed that there was no significant difference comparing the difference between the pre and post GCS score at
treatment group and control group (p=0.158). Administration of tranexamic acid in patients with hemorrhagic stroke (treatment group) gives the
same clinical response compare to the patients who did not receive tranexamic acid therapy (control group) based on assessment of the Glasgow
Coma Scale score (GCS).
Keywords: Hemorrhagic stroke, tranexamic acid, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), anti-fibrinolytic.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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SECONDARY METABOLITES OF INDONESIAN HERBAL PLANTS HAVE POTENTIAL

TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR 2 AGONIST IN SILICO FOR TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY
ANEMIA
YULIANA H. SUSELO*, DONO INDARTO, ASTI S. PARAMANINDITA, BALGIS

Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret , Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) is the most common nutrient disorders in the world. Interaction between Holo Transferin (Holo-Tf) and Transferrin
Receptor 2 (TfR-2) can stimulate hepcidin expression. Recently, Indonesian herbal plants have widely been used as herbal medicine but Tfr-2
activator from phytochemicals has not been established. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore phytochemicals of Indonesian herbal plants
with TfR-2 activator. The SWISS-MODEL software was used to make human TfR-2 protein model. Holo-Tf structure from Protein Data Bank was
used as a standard ligand. The Holo-Tf was truncated and left amino acid residues surounding active sites at Arg466 and Arg689. All Indonesian
phytochemicals which had a three-dimensional molecular structure were used in this study. AutoDock Vina 1.1.2, Chimera 1.10rc and or Pymol 1.7
software were used to analyze the phytochemical-TfR-2 binding complexes. Adenosine (-6,4±0,1 kcal/mol), strigol (6,8±0,0 kcal/mol), piperine (-
7,7±0,0 kcal/mol), kaempferol (-8,7±0,1 kcal/mol) and dihydrokaempferol (-10,2±0,1 kcal/mol) have lower or equal binding energy than that of the
standard ligand (-6,4 ±0,1 kcal/mol). In addition, the five phytochemicals could interact not only with Arg466 and Arg689 in active sites of TfR-2
but also with other residues Met460, Arg468, Leu630 in earlier active site and Arg642, Gly644 in later active site. Five different secondary
metabolites of Indonesian herbal plants may become potential candidate of TfR-2 agonist. Further investigation using biochemical assays is
required for verification of TfR-2 agonist activities.
Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia, Molecular docking, Phytochemical, Secondary metabolites, TfR-2.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS STUDY IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA,

INDONESIA
FITA RAHMAWATI*, TRI M. ANDAYANI, MAWARDI IHSAN

Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Drug-related problem (DRP) is any undesirable event experienced by a patient that involves in drug therapy and the goals of therapy. There is still
lack of published large-scale studies describing DRPs in outpatient settings from primary health care in Indonesia, whereas such data could help in
reducing DRPs and optimize drug therapy to improve health care and reduce cost. The aim of this study was to describe the number and types of
DRP and the risk factor for DRPs. The study was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The data were taken from outpatient prescriptions
in four primary health cares in Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A number of 1,787 prescriptions from top 10 diagnoses in primary health care in
Sleman have been collected during February until May 2016. The main outcome measures were the number and types of DRPs and also risk factor
for DRPs. The result of this study showed 744 (41.6%) prescriptions have DRPs. The type of DRPs was: 500 (29.1%) prescriptions have medication
use without indication, 387 (21.66%) prescriptions have potential drug-drug interactions, 165 (9.23%) prescriptions have sub therapeutic dosage
problem, 104 (5.82%) prescription have untreated indications, 20 (1,12%) prescription have improper drug selection, and 16 (0.9%) prescription
have over dosage problem. In addition, children (≤18 years) and polypharmacy were associated with increased risk of DRPs (OR 1.415 [1.183-
1.691] and OR 1.372 [1.229-1.532] respectively).
Keywords: Drug-related problem, Primary health services.
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CUBEBIN, GIBBERELLIN AND KAEMPFEROL ARE POTENSIAL CANDIDATES OF ADENOSINE

MONOPHOSPHATE-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE ACTIVATOR
RATNA KUSUMAWATI*, DONO INDARTO, FARCHAN AZZUMAR, BALGIS, YULIANA H. SUSELO

Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Cancer cells re-program their energy metabolism in order to escape from host metabolic stress and to maintain cancer cell growth. Inhibition of
adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK) activity occurs in poor differentiated cancers. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) accumulation
in the cytoplasm can activate AMPK, leading to increase of catabolism and decrease of anabolism. Bio-computational approach has often been used
for drug development in recent years. In Indonesia, herbal products are widely used for treatment of some human diseases. So, this study aimed to
explore an AMPK activator derived from phytochemicals of Indonesian herbal plants by using molecular docking technique. AMPK structure was
obtained from protein data bank and AMP was used as the standard ligand. Molecular structures of phytochemicals were obtained from PubChem
NCBI. AutoDock Vina 1.1.2 software was used to analyze binding energy of phytochemical-AMPK complexes. Interaction between phytochemicals
and AMP was visualized using PyMol 1.7 and Chimera 1.9 software. AMP interacted with AMPK at Asp89, Asp244, and Asp316 residues with binding
energy -7.5, -8.3 and -8.6 kcal/mol respectively. Cubebin bound to AMPK at Asp89 with -9.3 kcal/mol energy and at Asp244 with -10.1 kcal/mol
energy. A higher binding energy was observed in Gibberellin A17 (-8.8 and -9.3 kal/mol) and kaempferol (-8.5 and -8.8 kcal/mol) compared to
cubebin. Cubebin, gibberellin and kaemperol might be an AMPK activator in silico. In future, docking data of these phytochemicals should be
verified by using another endogenous ligand of AMPK.
Keywords: AMPK, Cancer metabolism, Herbal plant, Molecular docking, Phytochemical.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANTIBIOTIC USAGE IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF A PRIVATE HOSPITAL IN ROTTWEIL

GERMANY
TITIEN S. HARTAYU
Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Generally, almost 70% of Patients in Intensive-Care Unit (ICU) receive antibiotics, which will lead in the higher risk of clinical and economic
problems. The study was aimed to evaluate antibiotic usage and the reasons of using antibiotics in ICU. This is descriptive evaluative with cross-
sectional study design, in-depth interview with enumerate modes as data content analysis, to 2 medical-doctors whose caring for the ICU patients,
and 4 hospital pharmacists. All of ICU patients during January to July 2015 with inclusion criterias male and female above 14 years old who
received antibiotics during hospitalization in ICU. Exclusion criterias are incomplete or unreadable medical records. Among 80 males (59%) and
females (41%) of ICU patients, there are only 41% receiving antibiotic. Age ranged from 15 - 93 years, duration of hospitalization range from 3- 20
days, with diagnosis pneumonia (25%), COPD (16%), sepsis (16%), acute cystitis (16%), ulcer (11%), GE (4%) and others (12%). Types of
antibiotic used are Meropenem (30%), Taxobactam (15%), Ceftriaxone (10%), Doxicycline (10%), Cyprofloxacin (8%), and others (27%).
According to the medical-doctors point of view, there are not all of ICU patients need antibiotics. They prescribe antibiotics based on the clinical,
laboratory, and roentgen test. Blood culture test is only done when the patient is suspected with sepsis. When the patient indicates intolerance, the
first line medicine will be replaced by the second line. There is no specific guideline for the hospital. They use AWMF as a guideline which is always
revised every 5 years and accessible through the internet. Antibiotic dose is calculated based on the kidney function. Pharmacists are not involved
in the treatment especially in controlling the possibility of DRPs. As a consequence, there are some DRPs cannot be solved optimally. Contribution
of pharmacists in controlling DRPs is urgently needed.
Keywords: Antibiotic, ICU, Hospital.
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RESIDENTIAL EFFECT ON ADHERENCE OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
RESITA PRANITASARI, ANJAR M. KUSUMA, WAHYU UTAMININGRUM*

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Based on data from Basic Health Research on 2013, the prevalence of hypertension was increased to 25.8%. Hypertension can be controlled by
taking medication regularly and healthy lifestyle. The factor that can improve the success of the treatment of hypertension is patient adherence in
taking medicines. Residential was expected to provide education and understanding of therapy also ensure that patients can take the medicine
properly, therefore it can improve patient adherence in taking medicine. The aim of this research was to determine whether there is effect of
residential on antihypertensive patient adherence in taking medicine. Experimental research design was used in this research. There were 70
hypertensive patients involved. They were member of Chronic Disease Management Program from 7 family physicians in Banyumas, Central Java.
The participants were divided into control groups (35 patients) and residential groups (35 patients). All of the participants received standard
information about antihypertensive drugs usage. Residential was intervention done by giving information about hypertension, diet and exercise for
10 until 20 minutes at patient’s house. Pill count was used to measure patient adherence to antihypertensive drugs used. According to statistical
analysis by Chi-Square Test, there was residential effect on antihypertensive patient adherence (p=0,000).
Keywords: Residential, Hypertension, Adherence.
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TOPICAL APPLICATION OF CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO) SCALES MICRO-EMULSION AS ANTI-

AGING CANDIDATE
TITTA H. SUTARNA*, AHMAD NGADENI, ROSE NURAIDA

Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Collagen is one of the protein in fish scales. Collagen has a major structural component of white connective tissue covering almost 30% of the total
protein in the body tissue of vertebrates and invertebrates (Ali, 2010). Collagen from carp (Cyprinus carpio) scales can be anti-aging candidate. The
study begun with isolation of collagen from carp fish scales and selection of micro emulsion base clarity, presence or absence of separation, and
stability of pH during 1 week. Selected F3 with the composition of tween 80: distilled water (52,98:7,28) as a micro emulsion base. Micro emulsion
containing 19,81% oleic acid as an oil phase, 72,63% tween 80 and propylene glycol as surfactants and co-surfactant, 0,3% collagen from carp fish
scales, and 7,26% distilled water. Evaluation of micro emulsion containing carp scales was done by organoleptic observations, measurements of
viscosity and pH, preparations stability testing by freeze and thaw and the effectiveness of anti-aging. Ternary phase diagrams of the orientation of
the base formula shows five such formulations are in the region are stable micro emulsion. The higher composition of surfactant, spot formation
will further increase and further to the left and produce a micro emulsion that is clear and transparent. The results of the centrifugation test
showed the micro emulsion containing collagen from fish scales carp remains stable and there is no separation. Dispersed preparation showed
perfect solution and physically stable. Stability studies with freeze and thaw method showed that micro emulsion formula has globule size <1000
nm. The effectiveness of the micro emulsion containing collagen from carp fish scales (Cyprinus carpio) as an anti-aging cosmetics was assessed by
using a skin analyzer which determine the value of collagen fibers and skin elasticity before use and after use of such micro emulsion. The results
showed stable micro emulsion and the type pf micro emulsion formed is oil in water. The effectiveness of anti-aging showed by increased
percentage of collagen fibers and elasticity in women aged 46-55 years old.
Keyword: Carp scales (Cyprinus carpio), Micro emulsion, Anti-aging.
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ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITIES OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF NEPHELIUM LAPPACEUM L. LEAVES

IN RATS INDUCED WITH PYLORUS LIGATION AND ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID
LINDA P. SUHERMAN*, SRI WAHYUNINGSIH, ASTRIA S. DEWI

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Nephelium lappaceum L. is one of the plants that can be used to treat diseases in stomach. The aim of this study was to investigate anti-ulcer activity
of aqueous extract of Nephelium lappaceum L. leaves using pylorus ligation and acetylsalicylic acid -induced models. Aqueous extracts of Nephelium
lappaceum L. leaves are used at dose of 200, 400 and 500 mg/kg bw, whereas cimetidine 72 mg/kg bw as compared group. The results showed that
the aqueous extract of Nephelium lappaceum L. leaves at dose of 200, 400 and 500 mg/kg bw have anti-ulcer activity in experimental rats when
compared to a control group (p<0.05). Aqueous extract of Nephelium lappaceum L. leaves at dose of 500 mg/kg bw has the highest percentage of
inhibition of 80.19% when compared to the control group (p<0.05) and the activity were similar with the normal group in order to heal gastric
ulcers in rats. Aqueous extract of Nephelium lappaceum L. leaves at dose of 200, 400 and 500 mg/kg bw have potential anti-ulcer activity in rats
induced with pylorus ligation and acetylsalicylic acid.
Keywords: Nephelium lappaceum L., Anti-ulcer, Aqueous, Pylorus ligation, Acetylsalicylic acid.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PYRIMETHAMINE-MALIC ACID CO-CRYSTAL
FIKRI ALATAS1*, RANI SUGANDI1, DOLIH GOZALI2

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Padjadjaran, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Pyrimethamine (PIR) is an antimalarial drug with low solubility in water, so its bioavailability is low. Crystal engineering through the formation of
co-crystals is capable of changing the physicochemical properties of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API), including its solubility. The
purpose of this study was to characterize the formation of co-crystals between pyrimethamine (PIR) and malic acid (MAL) and determine its effect
on the solubility and dissolution rate of pyrimethamine. PIR-MAL co-crystal was prepared by a solvent-drop grinding method in an equimolar ratio
using a few drops of mixture of acetone: water (1:1). Characterization of the co-crystal was conducted by Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) and
Fourier Transforms Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy methods. The change in the crystal habit after recrystallization of PIR-MAL physical mixture in a
solvent mixture of acetone:water (1:1) was observed using a polarizing microscope. The physicochemical properties were examined by solubility
test in water at room temperature and dissolution in pH 1.2, 4.5, and 6.8 buffer solution medium. The PXRD pattern of grinding result different from
the PXRD pattern of its pure components which indicated the PIR-MAL co-crystal formation. PIR-MAL co-crystal has different infrared spectrum
and crystal habit with its parent components. The solubility of pyrimethamine from PIR-MAL co-crystal was higher than pure PIR. The dissolution
rate of pyrimethamine that released from PIR-MAL co-crystal was faster than pure PIR.
Keywords: Pyrimethamine, Malic acid, Co-crystal, Solubility, Dissolution rate.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE PREVENTIVE AND CURATIVE POTENTIAL OF SAMBILOTO AFTER VARIOUS EXTRACT

METHOD TO DIABETIC MODEL RATS
ADI WINARTO1*, AULIA A. MUSTIKA1, LINA N. SUTARDI2, EKOWATI HANDHARYANI2

1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia.
2Department of Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to find out the best of extraction methods and the way of application of sambiloto extract. Three kinds of extraction methods
were used such as maceration, soxhletation (ethanol extracts) and infusum (water extract). A number of the 50 male rats were used; which were
groups as 1) natural control (7 rats); 2) natural + Sambiloto extracts @ 4 rats (12 rats); 3) Streptozotocyn (STZ) induced diabetic rat (7 rats); 4)
Preventive treated model (12 rats) and 5) curative treated model (12 rats). The preventive treatment, each extract was applied daily within 1week
prior STZ inducement and followed by another 1week post, while the curative, the extracts were applied post STZ inducement daily for 2 weeks.
The examined parameters were body weight, blood glucose and pancreatic endocrine cells using immunostaining method. The results showed that
the blood glucose of soxhletation extract treated group was around 300s mg/dL while, the other two groups were reduce to the range of normal
level (100s mg/dL) especially, on prevention group although its body weight were not reduced to the previous level yet. The immunostaining
evaluation on maceration extract and infusum treatment found that insulin positive cells were produced more in both application methods. The
data strongly suggest that soxhletation extract less effective compare to the maceration extract and infusum at both application methods.
Keywords: Immunostaining, Diabetic rat, pancreatic endocrine cells, Sambiloto extracts, Blood glucose.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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POTENTIAL OF DUCK EGG WHITE OVERCOMED WITH SUB-ACUTE LEAD POISONING
AULIA A. MUSTIKA1*, LINA NOVIYANTI2, ANDRIYANTO1, MEILISA L. MARGARITA1

ABSTRACT
Egg white consist of high protein that has been known to be able to chelate lead from acute poisoning but its potential has not been studied a lot.
The potential of duck egg white was evaluated using red blood cell profile and clinical signs. This research used thirty male rats which were divided
into 7 groups and 5 replications i.e. rats as control, rats administrated only with lead, rats administrated with lead and antidote. Each treatment
group (four groups) was given one antidote i.e. EDTA, 50% egg white, 75% egg white, and 100% egg white. Lead force feeding was conducted by 15
days as well as antidote and completed by blood sampling in the end of each treatment. There was no great influence in hemoglobin but lead
decreased total red blood cells (p<0.05) in sub-acute lead poisoning. Rats given 75% and 100% duck egg white as antidote showed increasing in
total red blood cell and also faster recovery rate. High concentration of duck egg white had a good result as antidote for sub-acute lead poisoning.
Keywords: Duck egg white, Lead, Potential, Sub-acute.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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AZADIRACHTA INDICA SEED EXTRACT AS BIOINSECTICIDES MYIASIS LARVAE
IETJE WIENTARSIH1*, AULIA A. MUSTIKA2, RETNO WULANSARI1, SUSDERTHI WIDHYARI1, LINA N. SUTARDI1
ABSTRACT
Medicinal plants have been used for centuries as remedies for human and animal disease because they contain components of therapeutic value.
The acceptance of traditional medicine as an alternative form health care and the development of parasite resistance to the available anti-parasite
has led researchers to investigate the larvacidal myiasis activity of medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro larvacidal
activity of Azadirachta indica seed against Chrysomya bezziana larvae. Ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica seed extract has shown significant
effect in reducing the growth of Chrysomya bezziana larvae due to contact and digestive effect of the active compounds contained in the Azadirachta
indica seed. In vitro assessment revealed that the Azadirachta indica seed extract was effective to kill Chrysomya bezziana larvae which is known as
primary agent of myiasis in livestock, wild and pet animals including human in Indonesia.
Keywords: Azadirachta indica seed, myiasis, Chrysomya bezziana.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANTIBIOTIC MODIFYING EFFECT OF AMPHICILIN AND ESSENTIAL OIL OF OCIMUM

BASILICUM LEAVES BY GASEOUS CONTACT
HADI A. TAMHID*, ANNISA FITHRIA, YULI CATRINA

Department of Pharmacy, Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTACT
Essential oil of Ocimum basilicum leaves has a distinctive aroma and has a strong antibacterial activity. The major objective of this study was to
investigate the synergistic effect of antibiotic modifying amphicilin and essential oil from the leaves of O. basilicum. The essential oil was obtained
by water-steam distillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The antibiotic modifying effect was performed using minimum inhibitory dose (MID) and
gaseous contact method.The GC-MS analysis showed the main constituents of the essential oil were citral (57.7%), alpha-humulene (7.26%) and
trans-caryophyllene (3.66%). The gaseous component of the essential oil inhibited the bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus with MID values of
50 mg/L air. The antibiotic activity of amphicilin has increased to 78,44% against S. aureus after contact with the gaseous component of the
essential oil. These result indicate that the antibiotic amphicilin had synergistic effect with the essential oil and may be used used as adjuvant
therapy against pathogens bacterial infection.
Keywords: Antibiotic, Amphicilin, Essential oil, Ocimum basilicum, Gaseous contact.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE POTENTIALS OF HONEY IN MANAGING BREAST CANCER WOUND A LITERATURE

REVIEW
ATLASTIEKA PRAPTIWI
Department of Fundamental Nursing Faculty of Nursing Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Patients living with breast cancer may develop chronic wounds known as fungating malignant wounds. Caring for a patient with a fungating wound
is challenging for the nurse and family as this condition indicates progressive and untreatable disease with limited therapeutic options. This review
aimed to explore recent published literature, research and practice in managing breast cancer wounds with a specific focus on the potential values
of honey in managing the wounds. Ten databases were searched (CINAHL, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Wiley Interscience, Science Direct,
Blackwell Synergy, Liebert Online, Internurse, and Gale Cengage) using the search terms ‘fungating wound’ OR ‘malignant wound’, ‘breast cancer
wounds’ AND ‘honey’ AND ‘Indonesia’. The search was limited from period of 2006 to 2016, to English and Indonesian language, and only full text
articles were included. Reference lists of relevant articles were also hand searched. Results of the search identified twelve articles that met the
search criteria. An article published before 2006 was also included on the basis of its relevance. Publications have indicated that a malignant wound
represents a cluster of symptoms such as malodor, heavy exudate, pain, bleeding, and various psychosocial issues. In order to stabilize and prevent
wound deterioration, the bioactive properties of honey may have potentials to be applied as a single treatment in primary wound dressings to
manage offensive odor and heavy exudate. Further research to study native Indonesian honeys’ properties will be beneficial to assist with practice
decisions.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Fungating wounds, Honey, Wound management
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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DETERMINATION ACTIVE FRACTION OF PLUCHEA INDICA'S ETHANOL EXTRACT AS AN

INHIBITOR TO PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA MULTI RESISTANT AND METHICILLIN RESISTANT
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
RIFNA WIBISANA1*, SULISTYANINGSIH2, ADE ZUHROTUN2, ELI HALIMAH1, RIZKY ABDULAH1

Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia. 2Department of Biological
ABSTRACT
Beluntas leaves (Pluchea indica Less.) can be used as a vegetables and traditional medicines. Based on previous research, the extract of
beluntas leaf can inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Multi Resistant and Methicillin Resistant Stapylococcus aureus. This research was
aimed to determine the active fraction as an inhibitor to the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Multi Resistant and Methicillin Resistant
Stapylococcus aureus. Extraction was conducted by soxhlet method with ethanol. Fractionation was performed by Vacuum Liquid Chromatography
with eluent combined n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Merging fractions were monitored by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) based on the
spots pattern in the chromatogram with visible light, UV light 254 nm, UV light 366 nm. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
test by microdilution method to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Multi Resistant showed that active fractions were B, C, D, E, F and G. The most active
fraction for MIC to Pseudomonas aeruginosa was F fraction (1,5625% - 3,125% b/v). Furthermore, the result of MIC to Methicillin Resistant
Stapylococcus aureus showed that active fractions were B, C, D, E, F and G fraction, and the most active fraction is B (0.78125-1,5625% b/v). The
results data indicate the Beluntas Leaves (Pluchea indica Less.) positive potentially for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). In addition,
isolation for the active fractination will increase the value of the Beluntas Leaves (Pluchea indica Less.)
Keywords: Pluchea indica Less, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Multi Resistant, Methicillin Resistant Stapylococcusaureus, Fractionation.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTATION INDUCED PLATELET FUNCTION INDEPENDENT FROM

IMMUNE SYSTEM MODULATION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN RABBIT
DEVINNA KANG1*, YONAHAR MAS’ULA2, ARIF S. W. KUSUMA 2, TINA ROSTINAWATI2, MELISA I. BARLIANA2,
INGRID S. SURONO3, RIZKY ABDULAH1
1Departmentof Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of Biological
Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 3Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Bina
Nusantara University, Indonesia.Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Probiotics consumption is reported to be beneficial for people with autoimmune disorders, a condition which also common cause of low platelet
count. In this study we investigate the effect of probiotics to immune system’s and platelet’s markers in vivo. A group of New Zealand Rabbit were
supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 probiotics for 14 days, and the white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes (LYM), monocytes
(MON), and granulocytes (GRA) counts were calculated as marker for immune system from the blood plasma, while platelet count (PLT),
plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDWc) were also calculated as marker for platelet functions. Value
of each marker was then compared to those of control groups. The results showed that PLT ad PCT values were significantly increase after the
supplementation, compared to those of control group. However, WBC, LYM, MON, GRA, MPV and PDWc were not significantly affected. This result
suggested that in this study, Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 probiotic consumption may contribute to the platelet regulation, which however, did
not through immune system modulation.
Keywords: Probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506, Platelet Function Independent, Immune System.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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EFFECT OF EUCALYPTUS AND COCONUT OIL ON PRESSURE ULCER OCCURENCES
ANASTASIA A. ISKANDAR*, JANE FREYANA

Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to identify the effect of Eucalyptus and coconut oil on pressure ulcer occurrences. If incidence of pressure ulcer increase, the
length of stay in a hospital and the overall cost of health care will increase too. Subjects were immobilized cancer patients with score range of
Braden Scale 6 – 16. Forty-eight subjects were divided into 2 groups, using concequtive hospital admission technique and first in first out approach.
Twenty three subjects were treated using coconut oil, while 25 subjects were treated using eucalyptus oil. By using quasi experiment and one group
pre-test and post-test design, each subject was repositioned regularly every 2 hours, each bony prominence was massaged for 15 times/0.5 minute.
They were observed every day until the first grade pressure ulcer was found or subject was discharged.
Using Mc. Nemar test, it indicated that both oils can prevent pressure ulcer formation. Although some studies show that pressure ulcer occurrences
can be prevented by repositioning patients every two hours. Nevertheless this study found that either Eucalyptus oil or coconut oil can be used to
reduce the incidence of pressure ulcer among immobilized cancer patients. As eucalyptus oil has additional effect as vasodilator, it is necessary to
conduct a further study to find the effect of eucalyptus oil on wound healing process of cancer.
Keywords: Cancer, Coconut oil, Eucalyptus oil, Pressure ulcer.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HAIR TONICS OF CELERY (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.)

ETHANOL EXTRACT AND THE HAIR GROWTH ON RABBITS
AJI NAJIHUDIN*, AKMAL, ADE S. RACHMAWATI

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Garut, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The activity of hair tonics of celery (Apium graveolens L.) ethanol extract and the hair growth activity on rabbits had been done. The hair tonics
formulation were evaluated for 28 days during storage. The evaluation covered of physical stability, homogeneity, viscosity, also including
measurement of pH and specific gravity. The evaluation result showed that formulations had physical stability and good homogeneity. Formula 4
with extract concentration of 8% was more higher activity to stimulate hair growth. From irritation test showed that this hair tonics were safe and
did not irritate skin.
Keywords: Ethanol extract of celery (Apium graveolens L.), Hair tonic, Hair grower.
Online - 2455-3891
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PATIENT EXPECTATION, PERCEPTION AND SATISFACTION IN PHARMACEUTICAL CARE

PROVIDED AT PRIMARY AND SECONDARY HEALTH CENTER IN THE INDONESIAN
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE
LUH P. F. LARASANTY*, I MADE A. G. WIRASUTA, MADE A. SARASMITA

Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Basic Science, Udayana University.
ABSTRACT
Changes in Indonesian health care system into the Indonesian Universal Health Coverage (IHC) since 2014 along with a capitation system that
applies in it had an impact on the role of the pharmacist. Aim of this study is to determine the implementation of pharmaceutical care by the
pharmacist in IHC era through patient point of view as the user of the service. Assessment of patient point of view were evaluated based on the
expectations, perceptions and satisfaction with pharmaceutical services that patient obtained. Assessment is done using a closed ended
questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Statement in the questionnaire using Likert scale and classified in five levels of
classification ranging from very low to very high. Patients who become research subjects are patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria
specified. There were 602 patients who become research subjects. There are six groups of aspects of pharmaceutical services were assessed by the
patient in general services, infrastructure, prescription screening and waiting time, dispensing, drug information and counseling along with
monitoring. At the primary level health facility, the average patient expectations to the six aspects of the pharmaceutical service are in very high
level (3.45), the perception are in medium level (2.78) hereby the satisfaction are in medium level (-0.67). At the secondary level health facility,
patient expectations are in the high level (3.11) while the perception are in medium level (2.42) and satisfaction are in medium level (-0.69). The
results showed that both the first and secondary level of health facility, patients have high expectations towards the implementation of
pharmaceutical care by pharmacists. But in reality, patients experience that not all aspects of pharmaceutical services are well established. It is seen
from the perception assessment that are in middle level. This causes the level of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services in health facilities
still in middle level. The results of this study can be input for pharmacists and the BPJS to continually improve pharmaceutical care by pharmacists
to improve patient satisfaction as users of the service.
Keywords: Expectation, Patient, Perception, Pharmaceutical Care, Satisfaction
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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DRUG-DRUG POTENTIAL INTERACTION INVESTIGATION TOWARD INPATIENTS ADMITTED

TO AN INTERNAL MEDICINE WARD AT GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL, YOGYAKARTA
MARIA W. DONOWATI1*, WITRI S. ASTUTI2

1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sanata Dharma, Indonesia. 2Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul, Daerah Istimewa
Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Email:[email protected]
ABSTRACT
The aims of this study is to identify the drug-related problems and drug–drug interactions (DDIs) among the inpatients who admitted to an internal
medicine ward. A prospective, exploratory study had planned and all the prescription drugs of inpatients admitted to the internal medicine ward At
August 2015 are assessed at a Government hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Descriptive analysis was performed for Socio-demo graphic’s patients
aspect. Prescriptions of the studied population are compiled both for potential drug interactions and number of cases in each class of ‘nature of
total number of records reviewed during investigation period are 144. Among these 144 cases, 961 interactions are found. On an average 2 to 10
drugs were prescribed per day hospitalization. In our study, we found that out of the total 961 DDIs, 29 (3%) DDIs are serious in nature while the
major proportion (66.5%) of the interactions was also significant. It is noticed that the significant DDIs were found associated with the number of
drugs (P = 0.002) and age (P = 0.019) of the patients. Findings of this study revealed a high occurrence of DDIs. Number of drugs, age, number of
hospitalized days, and number of co morbid medical conditions are some of the factor demonstrating a possible association with the DDIs.
Keywords: Drug-drug interaction, Internal medicine ward, Inpatient
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EVALUATION OF BETALACTAM ANTIBIOTIC AT CISANCA CLINIC SAMARANG GARUT
SITI HINDUN1*, ELIN YULINAH2, ATUN QOWIYYAH1

1Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Garut University. 2Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi
Bandung. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Investigation on the use of beta-lactam antibiotic at Cisanca Clinic Samarang Garut in Juni to Agustus 2006 had been done. Patient for this research
are 1574 people (857 male and 717 female). Research showed that most antibiotic user are adult (20-50 years old which is 28.3 %, most diagnistic
is URTI (Upper Respiratory Tract Infection) with 35.4 % cases, non-generic user is higher than generic, the most used betalactam antibiotic in
infection teartment is amoxicillin (79.73 %), unappropriate drug used are underdose (0.38 %) and overdose (0.32 %), and the most used duration
for antibiotic use is 4 days (53.3 %).
Keywords: Betalactam, Amoxicillin
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ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF WASTE WATER OF DISTILED GAHARU (AQUALARIA SP)

AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI, STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, AND VIBRIO SP WITH AGAR
DIFFUSION METHOD
NENCY WAHYUNI 1,2*, RACHMAT KOSMAN1, ZARASWATI DWYANA1, TINA ROSTINAWATI 2

1Faculty of Pharmacy,Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia, 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjajaran, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
In Kalimantan, waste water of distilled gaharu (Aqualaria sp) is traditionally used by the community for treatment of various diseases such as
cough, diarrhea, asthma. This study aimed to obtain scientific data of antimicrobial activity of waste water of distilled gaharu (Aqualaria sp). The
research were conducted using laboratory experimental. Microbial screening test of waste water of distilled gaharu (Aqualaria sp) were conducted
at concentration of 2%, 4%, 6% dan 8 % against 6 bacteria and one fungus namely Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Salmonella thypi,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Vibrio sp. Continued with test of minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Killing
Concentration (MKC). Microbial screening test waste water of destilled gaharu at concentration of 3 % showed activity of bacteria Escherichia coli,
Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio sp. The value minimum inhibitor concentration (MIC) against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Vibrio sp
obtained at concentartion 3 % and the value Minimum Killing Concentration (MKC) obtained at concentration 6 % and 8 %. The value effective
concentration of inhibitation obtained at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15 %.
Keywords: Antimicrobial Activity, Gaharu (Aqualaria sp), Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Vibrio sp.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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EFFECT OF PHARMACIST COUNSELING ON KNOWLEDGE AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR

OVARIAN CANCER PATIENT TREATED WITH PACLITAXEL-CARBOPLATIN
MUSTIKA N. ARINI1*, TIANA MILANDA2, RIZKY ABDULAH1

ABSTRACT
Combination of taxanes and platinum may increase the survival rate of ovarian cancer patients, however, it may not consequently improve their
quality of life (QoL). Pharmacist counseling, as a part of healthcare professional team, is reported to be important to improve the patient knowledge
and QoL. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the effects of pharmacist counseling on knowledge and quality of life of ovarian cancer
patients treated with Paclitaxel and Carboplatin. In a pre- and post-experimental control design, eligible subjects were assessed for their knowledge
to medication and QoL using questionnaires. After filling the questionnaires, control group received the standard drug information, while the
intervention group received chemotherapy counseling by pharmacists. On the next cycle of chemotherapy, both of group filling the same
questionnaire again. The results suggested that pharmacist counseling may play roles in patients knowledge and QoL.
Keywords: Counseling pharmacists, Ovarian cancer, Paclitaxel-carboplatin, Side effects, knowledge, Quality of life.
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EFFECT OF PHARMACIST COUNSELING ON KNOWLEDGE AND ADHERENCE OF LUNG

TUBERCULOSIS PATIENT IN BALAI BESAR KESEHATAN PARU MASYARAKAT (BBKPM) IN
GARUT
NURUL1*, AHMAD MUHTADI1, MELISA I. BARLIANA2

ABSTRACT
Adherence of patients is one key to successful treatment of chronic diseases including TB treatment. One of the factors of the lack of compliance is
due to a lack of knowledge about the disease in tuberculosis patients. To increase knowledge and adherence of TB one way is with a given
counseling by health workers, one of them by the pharmacist. As this study was aimed to determine the effect of pharmacist counseling on
knowledge and adherence of patients with lung tuberculosis. The method used was Quasi Experimental and Non Randomized Control group pretest
and posttest design. This study uses a questionnaire at the time of pre-test before treatment and post-test questionnaires after being treated. The
treatment is given in the form of counseling about the disease and how treatment of TB. At the time of subsequent treatment in the evaluation of
knowledge and adherence of patients using the same questionnaire from the results of the study showed that pharmacist counseling effect on
knowledge and compliance of TB patients.
Keywords: Counseling pharmacists, Lung tuberculosis, Knowledge, Adherence.
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ANALYSIS OF ORAL ANTI DIABETIC’S ADHERENCE ON TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS THAT

USE RE REFERRAL PROGRAM BASED ON HEALTH BELIEF MODEL IN TALAGA BODAS
PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER BANDUNG
ULYATI ULFAH*, ELI HALIMAH, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA

ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes is a disease that is often found in primary health care. Although the number of available drugs are effective but controlling diabetes
type 2 is still not adequate, seen by the increasing number of patients with diabetes type 2. Many factors contribute to the rising number of people
with type 2 diabetes one of which is the level of medication adherence in patients who have not controlled. So the purpose of this study was to
identify and analyze the factors affecting medication adherence programs refer patients with type 2 diabetes through health centers talaga bodas in
the city of Bandung. The method used in this research is descriptive analytic method with cross sectional approach, sample population in this study
are patients Referred Program Type 2 diabetes in the health centers talaga bodas by the number of samples taken were 30 people who were taken
by purposive sampling technique. Collecting data using questionnaires and data analysis was performed using Chi Square and Spearman's Rho with
significantly α = 0:05. The results of this paper is expected to provide information and understanding for those who provide health care in the
handling of healing or uncontrolled blood sugar levels, especially physicians, pharmacists, patients and their families in order to improve patient
adherence so that the quality of life of patients increases.
Keywords: Health centers, Diabetes type 2, Adherence, Treatment, HBM theory.
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FLAVANOIDS ISOLATION OF GAHARU LEAVES ((AQUILARIA MALACCENSIS LAMK.)
ANNISA ALPIANI1*, MUHAMAD INSANU2, RIA MARIANI3

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, 2Department of Biology
Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, 3Faculty of Pharmacy,Universitas Garut, Indonesia.
ABSTACT
Flavonoid compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of agarwood leaves (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.). Crude drug powder was
extracted by maceration method. It was fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction and vacuum liquid chromatography. The compound was isolated by
preparative thin layer chromatography method. Purity test was done by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography. Isolate was supposed to be
flavonoid compound class.
Keywords: Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk., Flavonoid, Isolation Flavonoid.
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COMPARATION ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROPHOTOMETRI AND NITRIMETRIC TITRATION

METHOD WITH BIAMPEROMETRIC TECHNIQUE FOR SULFAMETOXSAZOLE
DETERMINATION
LAILA N. AZIZAH*, RAHMANA E. KARTASASMITA 2, FAUZAN ZEIN2,3 IRMA M. PUSPITASARI1, RIZKY ABDULAH1
1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2School of Pharmacy,
Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. 3Bandung School of Pharmacy, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Sulphamethoxazole is a sulphonamida antibiotic that has an azole compound in its chemical structure and has ultraviolet (UV) absorption at 288
nm. Sulphametoxazole determination can be performed using either by UV Spectrophotometric or nitrimetric titration methods with
biamperometric technique. The aim of this study is to compare the performance of both methods to determine sulfamethoxazole. Determination of
optimum measurement condition, precision and accuration calculation were conducted. The data obtained were compared to assess the
performance of both methods. Ultraviolet spectrophotometric method gave recovery value of 97.436% ± 0.5826%, while nitrimetric method gave
recovery of 98.109% ± of 0.5056%. The results showed that the recovery value of both methods are not significantly different (p<0.05) and gave
comparable precission and accuration.
Keywords: UV Spectrofotometric, Nitrimetric Titration, Biamperometric, Sulfamethoxazole.
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PREPARATIONS FORMULATION GEL MASK CONTAINING HONEY (APIS MELLIFERA SPECIES)
RINY MELIYANA1*, ANAS SUBARNAS1, KERI LESTARI1, RINI AGUSTIN2, ACHMAD NGADENI2
1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, 2Faculty of Pharmacy,
Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Honey is a viscous liquid, tasted sweet and delicious, bright yellow or golden amber. Honey is a humectant that attracts and increased humidity.
Utilization of honey as a mask capable of softened, cleansed, tightened effect, and absorbs oil and dirt from the skin. Utilization of the honey bee
(Apis mellifera species) as efficacious ingredients to get the right formula in making preparations gel mask. The study was conducted with elected
preparations base optimum. The base then developed into a dosage formulation gel mask contained the honey bee (Apis mellifera) with different
concentrations of 0%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%. Evaluation was performed by observing the physical stability of the preparation during storage time,
includes observation of the organoleptic, physical stability (viscosity and pH), and the trial of the preparation (safety trial, the effectiveness of the
preparation using a skin analyzer and receipt preparations against the respondent. The results showed that honey can be formulated into dosage
masks in gel form by used hydrogels such as Carbopol Ultrez® base. Concentration mask preparation contained 5% honey had been able to give
effect for softened, moisturize, brighten and cleanse the skin. Four stocks that have been studied show preparation gel mask with honey
concentration of 7.5% is the most stable, has the best physical appearance during the storage time, convenient to use and does not cause stickiness
after used.
Keywords: Formulation, Gel masks, Honey bees, Effectiveness and safety, Cosmetology.
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PREVALENCE OF BLASHV-12 GENE FROM ISOLATE EXTENDED-SPECTRUM Β-LACTAMASE

(ESBL) PRODUCING KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIA IN DR. HASAN SADIKIN HOSPITAL
MARYAM SOFIAH1*, KERI LESTARI1, MELISA I. BARLIANA2, ELI HALIMAH1, IDA PARWATI3
1Department Pharmacology and of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia,3Department of Biological
Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, 4Departement of Clinical Pathology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital,
Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Bacterial resistance becomes a serious problem throughout the world, including in Indonesia. Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the bacteria known to
produce ESBL. ESBL enzyme is capable of hydrolyzing and disabling various β-lactam class of antibiotics, including third-generation
cephalosporins, penicillins, and aztreonam that are more difficult to treat. One of the genes that have been shown to produce an ESBL enzymes are
blaSHV-12 genes. The aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence of blaSHV-12 genes in isolate ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae which derived from
clinical specimens from blood of patients infected with ESBL producing K. pneumoniae at the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. In this study, an
Amplification-Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) method used for detecting the blaSHV-12 gene from ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, and visualized
by agarose gel electrophoresis.
The presence of blaSHV-12 gene was indicated by the appearance of mutation sites at codons L35Q, G238S and E240K . It was concluded that most of
the sample tested in this study were blaSHV-12 gene positive from 45 samples of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae
Keywords: Amplification-Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) method, blaSHV-12 Gene, Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), Klebsiella
pneumoniae.
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CHARACTERISTIC DETERMINATION AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ARTOCARPUS

COMMUNIS FORST
BRANES A. WARDHANI1*, ANAS SUBARNAS1, SRI HARTINI2, JULIA RATNAWATI3, YESI DESMIATY3
1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, 2School of Pharmacy,
Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, 3Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Ahmad Yani, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Artocarpus communis Forst or Sukun is widely used as traditional medicine in Indonesia. Therefore, information of the characteristic and chemical
substance in Sukun that has therapeutic effects remains unknown. The objective of the study was to determine the characteristic and phytochemical
screening of Sukun leaves that have different ages and were characterized by leaf colors (green, yellow and brown leaves). Microscopic and
macroscopic characteristic observation and phytochemical screening of Sukun leaves were performed. The results showed that microscopic and
macroscopic of those leaves were relatively similar. The water content of green, yellow and brown Sukun leaves respectively were 8,5% v/b, 5%
v/b, 8% v/b, water soluble extractable compounds were 14,72% b/b, 13,70% b/b, 15,06% b/b, ethanol soluble extractable compounds were 8,75%
b/b, 7,79% b/b, 8,57% b/b, total ash content were 11,46% b/b , 9,58% b/b, 8,85% b/b, water soluble ash content were 7,01% b/b, 5,59% b/b,
4,55% b/b, acid insoluble ash content were 0,63% b/b, 0,30% b/b, 0,17% b/b, and lost on drying parameters were 10,15% b/b, 8,34% b/b, 8,94%
b/b. Phytochemical screening result showed the presence of chemical substances of flavonoid, saponin, poliphenol, monoterpene and
sesquiterpene on all colored leaves. Steroid chemical compound was only found in green leaves. Further investigations are needed to isolate the
active chemical substance and the pharmacological effects.
Keywords: Artocarpus communis, Sukun leaves, Characteristic determination, Phytochemical screening.
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LINGUISTICS-BASED PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCT NAMING METHODS: A MORPHOLOGICAL

STUDY ON OTC PRODUCTS IN INDONESIA
KASNO PAMUNGKAS1*, RIZKY ABDULAH2

1Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, 2Department of Pharmacology and Clinical
Pharmacy, Faculty of Farmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Researches on morphology are found in almost all languages in the world in which they are classified into both pure or micro linguistics and
applied studies. This research, however, has distinction compared to the former ones since it involves another discipline, namely Pharmacy.
Entitled “Linguistics-based Pharmaceutical Product Naming Methods: A Morphological Study on OTC Products in Indonesia”, it discusses the
application of word formation theories in the product naming methods of some Over The Counter (OTC) products in Indonesia. The method used in
this research is qualitative descriptive, then the theories adopted is Morphology, especially word formation which discusses the process of forming
the words written by Marchand (1992) and McMannis (1998), Product Naming Strategy by Danesi (2004) and theory of Over The Counter products
taken from FDA. The data used in this research are taken from electronic media informing the over the counter products in Indonesia. The results of
this research show that a proper and precise OTC product naming method can employ the linguistics aspect especially word formation theory in
order to describe the kinds, characteristics, and the usage of the products. The theories found in this research are blending, clipping, compounding
and coinage. Then, the meaning analysis used is based on lexical and grammatical meaning. By understanding the word formation process used as
the product brand methods, consumers are able to recognize the products more easily. In addition, the product naming methods also can assist the
company in establishing the product brands and use it as the methods of their product naming.
Keywords: Word Formation, Product Naming Methods, OTC.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT JAWER KOTOK LEAVES (COLEUS

SCUTELLARIOIDES [L.] BENTH) AGAINST ACNE BACTERIAL FROM FACE
RINI M. PURWONO1*, USAMAH AFIFF2, YUSTINA D. FAJAR3

1 Faculty of Veterinary, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia, 2 Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty
of Veterinary, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia, 3Department of Clinical Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Institut
Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia, Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The misused of antibiotics will resist the bacteria. The increase of resistances needs to find the others antibiotics, other alternative resources is very
important to inhibit or obstruct the bacteria. One of resources is Jawer kotok (Coleus Scutellarioides [L] Bent) leave. The objectives of this research
are to find Jawer kotok leave’s ethanol extract as the antibacteria activities of pimpled skin, those are Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus
epidermidis, Streptococcus sp., and Micrococcus sp. Those bacteria where examined with gradual extract concentrate, starting from 20%, 40%, 60%,
80%, and also compared with 1% clindamycin antibiotic. The result of the research showed that the ethanol extract of Jawer kotok leave potentially
as the antibacteria agent. It was asserted that Jawer kotok leave very sensitive of all bacteria test and classified as the strong potentially inhibition.
The diameter of bacteria inhibition zone between13.80 ± 1.09 mm until17,00 ± 0,70 mm. Jawer kotok leave have the activity as the antibacteria
agent because it contains secondary metabolite like flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins and terpenoid.
Keywords: Coleus scutellarioides [L.] Benth, antimicrobial activity, Jawer kotok, flavonoids, tannin, polyphenols, terpenoids.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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EFFECTIVENESS OF THERAPY AND QUALITY SERVICES IN HYPERTENSIVE AND DIABETIC

PATIENTS AMONG JKN AND NON-JKN HEALTHCARE
DEWA A. SWASTINI1*, IDA A. D. WIRYANTHINI2, SARAH A. PUTRI1

1Department of Biomedic and Clinical Pharmacy, Udayana University, Indonesia, 2Department of Medical, Udayana University, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Type II are chronic diseases with high prevalence and results the high cost treatment. The principle of “cost-
effective” by National Health Insurance Program (JKN) awareness patients, they will receives less comprehensive benefits compared to general
patients. The experiment was conducted to compare JKN against Non-JKN in term of outcome and quality of services by held care provider. Random
selection technique was used to select patients in the internal outpatient department of Udayana Hospital, since October 2015 to March 2016.
Outcome therapy was measured by its ability to reduce the blood pressured and glucose level, analyzed using paired t-test followed by independent
T-tes (p<0,05), and also observed Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) event. A 20–items questionnaire was supplied to the patients and will be classified
using a likert scale, the service quality measured by Servqual score and analyzed using Friedman test followed by Wilcoxon test (p<0,05). The result
show greater reduction of blood glucose levels (Fasting Blood Glucose Level and Postprandial Blood Glucose Level) with lower incidences of ADR
(Hypoglycemia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea) in Diabetic JKN (140,12±35,87 and 159,48±35,64 mg/dl; 16,50%, 3,00%, 3,00%, and 3,00%)
patients compared to Non-JKN (98,98±31,70 and 119,44±39,55 mg/dl ; 22,50%, 7.00%, 6,00%, and 6,00%). Meanwhile there’s no significant
outcome therapy with zero ADR between JKN and Non-JKN in Hypertension patients. According to average servqual score, both JKN (-0,95) and
Non-JKN (-0,78) were classified Low, and there’s no significant difference in quality services among JKN and Non-JKN Health Care.
Keywords: JKN, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, effectiveness, quality services
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GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR GENE rs6265 AS

PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS RISK FACTOR
HENRY NG1*, MELISA I. BARLIANA2, RIZKY ABDULAH1

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of Biological Pharmacy,
Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Genetic polymorphism on brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene Val66Met (rs6265) has always been related to human psychological condition. As
a developing country, Indonesia has yet to obtain Indonesian’s genomic data so the aim of this research is to investigate BDNF gene rs6265
genotype profile and to find out the relevance between BDNF gene rs6265 polymorphism and stress level. Assessment of stress level was done by
using The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale questionnaire whilst genetic polymorphism analyze was conducted using Amplified Refractory
Mutation System Polymerase Chain Reaction method. 148 subjects were recruited in this research. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to find out
relevance between genetic polymorphism and stress level (p=0,751). The majority subjects’ genotype is GA heterozygote. This study showed no
relevance between BDNF gene rs6265 polymorphism and stress level.
Keywords: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, rs6265, Amplified refractory mutation system, The Kessler psychological distress scale, Stress level.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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IN VIVO ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF DICHLOROMETANE-ETHYL ACETATE-METHANOL

FRACTION OF MUNDU’S BARK (GARCINIA DULCIS (ROXB.) KURZ) IN SWISS MICE
MAMIK P. RAHAYU1, NURAINI HARMASTUTI1, GUNAWAN PAMUDJI1, SUPARGIYONO2, MAHARDIKA A.

WIJAYANTI2
1Faculty of Pharmacy Setia Budi University, Indonesia, 2Center for Tropical Medicine Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasite that attacks red blood cells. Garcinia genus contained high in xanthone compounds
and showed antimalarial activity. The aims of this research were to determine in vivo antiplasmodial activity of dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-
methanol fractions of Mundu’s bark (Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz) especially fraction V in male and female Swiss strain mice and to determine
effective dose 50% (ED50) as anti plasmodial agent in the same test animals. Making fraction V of Mundu’s bark which KKV method was applied
used dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-methanol. The same profiles from eluent composed fraction 18 and 19 were categorized as fraction V. Those
were tested in each of test animals with dose 12.5; 25; 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight. Negative control group was given CMC suspension, and
positive control by chloroquint. Plasmodial activity was obtained by calculating percentage of parasitemia , parasitemia inhibition and effective
dose 50% (ED50) determination. The data were treated by linier regresion analysis. The results shown that fraction V of Mundu’s bark had
antiplasmodial activity in male and female Swiss strain mice by in vivo with ED50 were 62.09 mg/kg BW and 96.52 mg/kg BW, respectively.
Keywords : Mundu’s bark, plasmodial activity, ED50.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SEMBUNG’S ROOT-EESR (BLUMEA

BALSEMIFERA [L.] DC) ON INCREASING APPETITE OF FEMALE WISTAR RATS
SUNARTI*,GANET E. PRAMUKANTORO
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Lack of appetite is one of the signs of various diseases. This can be seen from either diet behaviour and habit personally or physical and
psychological aspects. Empirically, root of Sembung can be used as appetite enhancer/booster. The aim of this study was to analysis of ethanolic
extract of Sembung’s root on increasing appetite that exposured in female Wistar rats. This research was laboratory experimental which used 25
female Swiss Wistar rats that had 200 g on weight average as test animals. Rats, then, were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=5) and treated
during 14 days (CMS 0.5%, normal control, EESRdose II 600 mg/kg body weight, EESR dose II 1,200 mg/kg body weight, EESR dose III 1,800 mg/kg
body weight). Everyday, body weight and leftover food of each group were calculated. Increasing appetite effect could be seen from increasing
animal body weight and reducing leftover food (everyday). The results shown that ethanolic extract of root of Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC could
increase body weight with average 16 g for dose I, 15.4 g for dose II and 14 g for dose III while average on leftover food was the smallest amount
achieved by dose I, compared with dose II and III. Administering of normal control and CMC 0.5% shown that appetite only increased slighty with
average on 20.3 g and 18.8 g of leftoverfood. ANOVA test presented significant value (p<0.05) in reducing amount of leftover food and increasing
body weight. Exposuring of ethanolic extract of Sembung’s root Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC indicated increasing appetite behaviour of female
Wistar rats.
Keywords: Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC, Appetite, Body weight.
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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POSLEN LEAVES (TALINUM TRIANGULAR (JACQ.) WILLD)

ETHANOL EXTRACT WITH DPPH (2,2-DIPHENYL-1 - PICRYLHYDRAZYL) METHOD
SYAMSUL RAHMAT1*, JATMIKO SUSILO2, ISTIANATUS SUNNAH2

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy,
Universitas Ngudi Waluyo Ungaran, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Poslen leaves (Talinum triangular (jacq.) Willd) is family of Portulacaceae. Poslen leaves contain flavonoids, which alleged have the antioxidant
effects. This study aims to prove the antioxidant activity of Poslen leaves ethanol extract by reducing free radical DPPH. This experiment is purely
experimental. The sample consisted of two groups: 1 treatment group and 1 control group. The treatment group is ethanol extract of Poslen leaves
consisted of 3 series concentration 200 ppm, 400 ppm and 600 ppm, meanwhile the comparison group is vitamin C 2 ppm, 4 ppm and 8 ppm. There
were 5 times replication for each concentration. The results of the research showed that ethanol of extract Poslen leave has an antioxidant activity
reduce free radical DPPH IC50 value 252.63 ppm and vitamin C IC50 value is 10.25 ppm. The antioxidant activity ethanol extract of Poslen leaves has
25 time lower than vitamin C
Keywords: Poslen leaves (Talinum triangular (jacq.) Willd), DPPH, IC50, Antioxidants.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF DRUG PROCUREMENT WITH ABC AND EOQ METHOD IN AL IHSAN
HOSPITAL BANDUNG
ANGGA RAHMADANI, TANTI OKTRIANA*, MITTY MAULIANA, ANDI N. AMAL, IKA P. ISMAIL, FITRI QORIAWATY,
AHMAD H. SANTOSA**, GILANG S. PRAMANIK, ANGGA P. KAUTSAR, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA
Email: [email protected]*, [email protected]**
ABSTRACT
Effectivity of inventory management can reduce the price of drugs and operating expenses, which led to increased gross revenue and net income.
The process of drug procurement must consider and planned about the planned procurement of the drug to be done, so that the cost the hospital
pharmacy of Al-Ihsan Hospital (IFRS) become more efficient. The purpose of this research is to analyze the procurement of drugs at IFRS of Al-Ihsan
Hospital in Bandung. This study used quantitative research with observational analytic design. The study was conducted at Al-Ihsan Hospital in
Bandung for 3 years from 2012 until 2015. Quantitative data collection is done by depth interviews on the subject of research that linked to the
drug plan and prescribers of Al-Ihsan Hospital in Bandung (primary data) and the data of drug consumption, the unit price, and all the reports or
records that exist in the IFRS (secondary data). Procurement of drugs in IFRS of Al-Ihsan Hospital is done by the frequency of ordering drug
obtained from a history of drug purchases in the previous year. This plan resulted in the costs incurred by the IFRS for the procurement of supplies,
drugs become larger and less efficient. Application of the method ABC and EOQ in the planning of drug provision in IFRS of Al-Ihsan Hospital
capable of produce a lower in total cost than the methods that applied under IFRS policy of Al-Ihsan Bandung. Analysis of Pareto-based drug
procurement is done by using the EOQ method is more efficient than the calculation applied under IFRS policy of Al-Ihsan Bandung.
Keywords: Drug procurement, Inventory, Pareto, ABC, EOQ.
Online - 2455-3891
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EVALUATION OF CORTICOSTEROID USED FOR CHILDREN IN PKU MUHAMMADIYAH

YOGYAKARTA HOSPITAL ON JANUARY – MARCH 2015
BELLA F. ARISTIA, WORO SUPADMI*

Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahmad Dahlan University Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Corticosteroids are anti-inflammation and auto-immune effect medicines which must be used according to appropriate dosage and objectives to
prevent side effects. This present study aimed to evaluate corticosteroids prescription for pediatric medical treatment in PKU Muhammadiyah
Yogyakarta hospital, based on the medicine’s type, therapeutic regimens and objectives, as well as evaluation on indication–dosage appropriate.
This research was observational design, and descriptive study with retrospective data collection. Data from pediatric medical record prescribed
with corticosteroids on January–March 2015, including sex, age, diagnose, the type of corticosteroids, dosage, and therapeutic regimens, which then
used to evaluate indication–dosage appropriate based on standard by Drug Information Handbook, American Society of Health-System
Pharmacists, and hospital’s formulary. The results from outpatient 161 people, in patient 29 people indicated that type of corticosteroids often used
in outpatient was triamcinolone 77.91% and inpatient was dexamethasone injection 48.65%. Rate of corticosteroids used in outpatient was 98.77%
oral and inpatient was 70.27% parenteral. Corticosteroids mostly used for acute bronchitis 42.24% and asthma bronchitis 27.59%. Indication
appropriate in outpatient was 90.06%, and inpatient was 89.66%. Dosage appropriate in outpatient was 100%, and inpatient was 48.65%. This
research was triamcinolone per oral often used for treatment acute bronchitis, and deksamethasone injection for asthma. Indication and dosage
appropriate in outpatient more than inpatient.
Keywords: Corticosteroids, Pediatric, Evaluation.
Online - 2455-3891
Print - 0974-2441
THE DETERMINATION OF PLUMBUM LEVELS ON PATIN FISH (PANGASIUS SUTCHI) AND NILA
FISH (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) FROM SAGULING RESERVOIR WITH ATOM ABSORPTION
SPECTROPHOTOMETRY METHOD
YOGI PRABOWO*, DEWI WULANSARI, SUKANTA

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jenderal Acmad Yani University, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Research about determination of plumbum (Pb) rate in patin fish and nila fish which there is in Saguling reservoir West Java has been done. The
reservoir is suspected has contamined heavy metal from industry waste. Method applied in this research is Atom Absorption Spectrophotometry
(AAS), using this methode because having high selectivity as well as having high accuracy. Before all is done destruction process fish fresh to
eliminate organocompound which can disturb measurement process of plumbum rate in fish sample which would in checking. After done research
is gotten average plumbum rate of patin fish and nil fish is 0.57 mg/kg and 0.25 mg/kg. Rate within measure safe in fresh fish and its processing
which has been specefied by Badan Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) which is established plumbum maximum rate in fresh fish and its
processing is equal 2 mg/kg fresh fish.
Keywords: Plumbum, Nila fish, Patin fish, AAS.
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ASSESSMENT OF DRUG USE PATTERN IN CHILDREN USING WHO PRESCRIBING INDICATORS

AT SOME PHARMACIES IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA
SALMA H. CALIFORNIA*, DIKA P. DESTIANI, RIZKY ABDULAH, ELI HALIMAH, ANAS SUBARNAS
ABSTRACT
Irrational use of drugs can lead to adverse drug reactions, increasing morbidity and mortality, as well as the rising cost of treatment to be incurred
by the patient. The aim of this study was to assess prescribing patterns in patients age 0-5 years using World Health Organization prescription
indicators. A cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection was conducted at some pharmacies in Bandung. The average number of drugs
prescribed per prescription was 3. The percentage of generic drugs and prescription drugs listed in the National Essential Drugs List respectively
10.36% and 19.92% of the 4,518 prescribed medication. Antibiotic prescribing as much as 50.66% of the total number of prescriptions and there
are not any prescriptions contain injection. Increase in generic drugs and essential drugs prescribing needed to improve the accuracy, safety, and
the rational use of drugs and reduce drug costs incurred by the patient. Antibiotics prescribing should not excessive in order to prevent further
spread of cases of bacterial resistance.
Keywords: Prescribing indicator, Polypharmacy, Bacterial resistance.
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PHARMACISTS’ KNOWLEDGE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS IN MEDAN,

INDONESIA
KHAIRUNNISA, AZIZAH NASUTION*

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) remains as a major health problem because of its increasing prevalence especially in developing countries like Indonesia.
Pharmacists as healthcare providers must have enough knowledge to contribute in preventive and curative programs of TB. This study aimed to
assess the knowledge of pharmacists who practice in Medan, Indonesia (n=117) on TB and its treatment using a predetermined questionnaire. This
study found that mean age of the respondents was 38.8 ± 12.3 (years) with working experience of 9.5 ± 8.4 (years). Most of them (76.1%) were
female and 74.4% were married. The present study proved that only 41.0% of them had good knowledge on TB and more than half of them (58.1%)
had fair knowledge on TB. Knowledge of the pharmacists was not associated with gender, p = 0.67 as well as their place of practice, p = 0.66. This
study confirms that knowledge of pharmacists on TB still needs improvements to optimize their role in preventive and curative programs of the
disease.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Pharmacist Knowledge, Preventive, Curative.
Online - 2455-3891
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EFFECTIVENESS OF VIDEO CAMPAIGN ON THE RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS AT ONE OF

PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CENTERS IN BANDUNG
HILMI A. N. SETIAWAN1,*, ARIF S. W. KUSUMA2, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA1

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran.2Department of Biological Pharmacy,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas PadjadjaranEmail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Antibiotics are used to treat infections or diseases caused by bacteria. Overuse and misuse of antibiotics can increase the development of antibiotic-
resistant bacteria. Video has been recognized to be able to increase the community awareness on health promotion programs. This observation
study was conducted by considering the implementation of video campaign as the new intervention at primary healthcare center. The aim of this
study was to analyze the effectiveness of video campaign antibiotics on improving the knowledge level of patients related to the use of antibiotics at
primary healthcare center. A quasy experiment method was applied in this study by taking pre- and post-test studies into account. Patients with
chronic diseases at Talaga Bodas primary healthcare center was selected as subjects in this study. Patients’ knowledge related to the rational use of
antibiotics was 59% before they were exposed by the intervention. The video campaign significantly increased the patients’ knowledge up to 74%.
Keywords: Drug resistance, video effectiveness, health education, primary healthcare center.
Online - 2455-3891
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Print - 0974-2441
COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF CEFTAZIDIME-LEVOFLOXACIN AND CEFOTAXIME-

ERYTHROMYCIN AS EMPIRICAL ANTIBIOTIC COMBINATIONS IN RESPIRATORY INFECTION-
INDUCED SEPSIS
DIKA P. DESTIANI1*, TIANA MILANDA1, SUSILAWATI2, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA1,3, IVAN S. PRADIPTA1, ELI
HALIMAH1, AJENG DIANTINI1, SRI A. SUMIWI1, AHMAD MUHTADI1, ANAS SUBARNAS1, KERI LESTARI1, RIZKY
ABDULAH1
1Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of
Pharmacy, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Indonesia. 3Unit of PharmacoEpidemiology & PharmacoEconomics (PE2), Department of Pharmacy,
University of Groningen, The Netherlands. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Pharmacoeconomics has become an important consideration in the selection of therapies, including in patients with sepsis caused by respiratory
infection for whom the selection of empirical antibiotic therapies is needed. The aim of this study was to determine the most cost-effective
antibiotic combination for respiratory infection-induced sepsis at a public hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. Retrospective, observational, and
analytical studies were conducted. Data from 2010-2012 were collected from the medical records of patients with respiratory infection-induced
sepsis using a ceftazidime-levofloxacin or cefotaxime-erythromycin combination as their empirical antibiotic therapy. Direct medical costs were
calculated from the costs of the empirical antibiotics, medical treatment, supporting medical expenses, administration and hospitalization.
Compared with those of other empirical antibiotics, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were 3,350 USD and 585 USD for the
ceftazidime-levofloxacin and cefotaxime-erythromycin combinations, respectively. Despite the lower medical cost of ceftazidime-levofloxacin, the
use of cefotaxime-erythromycin was more cost effective in the context of the cost per life saved.
Key words: Empirical therapy, Cost-effectiveness, Pharmacoeconomics, Sepsis, Antibiotics.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE DRUG PRESCRIPTION OF OUTPATIENT IN MEURAXA HOSPITAL IN BANDA ACEH
VESARA A. GATERA1*, SUMARNI2, ISKANI2, ARI KURNIAWATI3

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, 2Academy of Pharmacy,
Pemerintah Aceh, Indonesia, 3Meuraxa Hospitals, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
Abstract
The rational drug prescription on of the main orientation especially in Health care. One of the proportions to determine by the prescription pattern
based on the WHO Prescribing indicators. The irrational prescribing of drugs induced the negative impact like improvidence, adverse drug
reactions, and of course decrease the quality of health care. Early survey in this hospital, found the irrational of prescription especially average
number of drugs per encounter and Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name. The Goal of this study is to determine the rationalization of
drugs prescription for outpatient in Meuraxa Hospital Banda Aceh. This study used the WHO prescribing indicators, descriptive method with cross
sectional system. Taking 100 of the prescriptions as the samples from the hospital with systematic random sampling. The results of this study
consist five indicators such as 4,4 per encounter for the average number (≤ 3 per encounter), 60,1% by generic name (100% ), 5,6% for Percentage
of encounters with an antibiotic prescribed (≤ 30%), 2,4% for Percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed (≤10%), 100% for Percentage
of drugs prescribed from essential drugs list or formulary (100%).
The result of the study indicate the prescribing in the outpatient of the hospital inappropriate with WHO prescribing indicators especially for
average number per encounter and Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name. In addition, the data of the study seriously considered
especially for polypharmacy and improvidence effect.
Keywords: Drugs Prescription, WHO Prescribing indicators, Outpatient of Meuraxa Hospital Banda Aceh
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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A POWER TEST OF INHIBITORY COMBINATION EXTRACT ALOE VERA GEL (ALOE VERA) AND
EXTRACT RED GALANGAL (ALPINIA PURPURATA K. SCHUM) AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS
AUREUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI
NURHASNA1*, ELI HALIMAH2, KERI LESTARI3, YULIET4, JOHNNY A. WIDJAJA5

1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Department of
Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Tadulako, Indonesia. 3Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi, Pelita Mas Palu, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
The Inhibitory Power Test Combination of Extract Aloe Vera Gel (Aloe vera) and Extract Red galangal (Alpinia purpurata K Schum) against
Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the combination of aloe vera extract and red
ginger that inhibitory against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli which are the highest as well as to determine the stability of the chemical
and physical quality of inhibition gel in combination selected extracts. The research design used Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Extract Aloe
vera (Aloe vera) and red galangal (Alpinia purpurata K Schum) obtained by maceration using ethanol 96%.Tests were carried out, namely the
physical quality of the stability test (organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, dispersive power) and the inhibitory activity of the gel. Data obtained
on organoleptic testing and homogeneity were analyzed descriptively and data obtained on testing pH, viscosity, dispersive power statistically
analyzed using Paired Sample Test. Inhibition test results were analyzed statistically combined extracts using One Way ANOVA and for test results
inhibition gel combined extracts were analyzed statistically using Independent T Test. Test results show variation extract combination do not affect
the physical quality include organoleptic, homogeneity, viscosity, dispersive power, and the pH of aloe vera gel and red ginger during storage. The
test results show antibacterial activity inhibition aloe vera gel extract and red ginger provide optimal inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus 19.1
mm and 17.67 mm of Escherichia coli.
Keywords: Aloe vera extract and red ginger, Antibacterial gel, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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SATISFACTION SURVEY OF BPJS KESEHATAN INSURANCE’S PARTICIPANTS CONCERNING

HEALTH SERVICE AT TWO HOSPITALS IN BANDUNG
GILANG S. PRAMANIK*, SITI F. RAHMAWATI, ANDREANUS A. SOEMARDJI, TOMI HENDRAYANA

School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
In 2014, the Government of Indonesia has implemented the health insurance program administered by Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS)
Kesehatan. The purpose of this research are to measure the level of patient satisfaction with health services organized by BPJS Kesehatan and to
determine aspects of health care that can be improved by BPJS Kesehatan. This research is an observational descriptive study conducted at the
Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital and Dr. TNI AU Salamun Hospital Bandung, by distributing questionnaires following five validated SERVQUAL variables.
Furthermore, the analysis of patient satisfaction of BPJS based on the results of questionnaires was done and then it was compared with mass
media articles. The result show that the percentage patient satisfaction level of participants BPJS Kesehatan are 89.7% (inpatient at Dr. TNI AU
Salamun), 86.6% (outpatient at Dr.TNI AU Salamun), and 85% (inpatient at Dr.Hasan Sadikin). The analysis questionnaires result show that the
highest satisfaction percentage in variable tangible is the aspect of cleanliness and tidiness appearance employees of hospitals (97-98%), variable
reliability is service delivery in accordance with the serial number of the queue (94-98%), the active attitude of experts to inquire complaints of
patients (96-98%) variable responsiveness, variable assurance is the security and trust aspects of the services provided (96-98%), and variable
empathy is using of medical language that is easy to understand (96-99%). The problem that is most complained with the highest percentage of
value comes from variable reliability that is the aspect of implementation of the diagnose service, treatment, and care are considered less quickly
and precisely with a percentage of 8% from the results of the research and 12% from the mass media.
Keywords: Satisfaction survey, BPJS, Health Services, BPJS Kesehatan, Servqual.
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MICROEMULSION ORAL FISH OIL
IRMA RAKHMAWATI1*, AHMAD MUHTADI1, IRMA M. PUSPITASARI1, FIKRI ALATAS2, DOLIH GOZALI1
1Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
To formulate and evaluate the microemulsion oral fish oil that is relatively stable in long term and can mask the taste of unpleasant fish oil so it has
the added value of the preparation of fish oils and can be accepted by consumers. Four formulas of fish oil microemulsion consisting various
concentrations of fish oil, combination of surfactants-co-surfactants (Span 80-Tween 20) and also sucrose solution (50/50 w/w) were made. All
formulas consisted fish oil with concentration 93.20%. The difference among all formulas were concentration of combination of Span 80-Tween 20
and sucrose solution. Evaluation for all formulas included organoleptic observations, measurements of pH, viscosity measurement, determination
of specific gravity, centrifugation test, freeze and thaw test, and hedonic test. The most stable formula was the formula 2 and 3 with less sucrose
solution among all formulas. The results of Hedonic Test in 20 respondents indicated that the formula 4 with more sucrose solution was the most
preferred taste among all formulas. This study shows that formulation of fish oil with appropriate concentration of surfactan and sucrose solution
can form a stable microemulsion and can mask unpleasant taste of fish oil.
Keywords: Microemulsion, Fish oil, Surfactant, Sucrose, Formula.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM
TRIYONO1*, MUHARAM MARZUKI2, MUTAKIN3

ABSTRACT
A qualitative analysis of diclofenac sodium using standard and two sample diclofenac sodium tablets has been carried out. The methods used were
preliminary test, grouping test, color test, microscopic test, thin layer chromatography, and infrared spectrofotometry. It shows that diclofenac
sodium has melting point of 283-285 oC and classified as a fenlacetic acid, gives spesific results in color (with Lieberman’s test form red-brown
colour; Marquis’s test form brown colour and Mandelin’s test form red-brown colour), and crystal test (in etanol-acetic acid –NaOH form broom
crystal), Rf value of 0,86 with thin layer chromatography, and it shows principal peaks of infrared spectrum at spesific wavenumbers 1283-1391 cm
-1 show C-O stretching in carboxilate acid; 1452-1577 cm -1 show C=C stretching in aromatic ring; 2919-3260 cm-1 show C-H stretching in aromatic
ring; 3362-3386 cm -1 show N-H stretching.

Keywords: Diclofenec Sodium, Qualitative Analysis, Crystal Test.
Online - 2455-3891
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FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF KETOCONAZOLE TABLETS USING SAGO

AMYLUM (METROXYLON SAGO) PREGELATINAZED AS A DISINTEGRANT AGENT
MOHAMAD A. PANEO
Pharmacy Department, Faculty Health Science and Sports, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Sago amylum (Metroxylon sago) is one the foodstuffs in Indonesia as an ingredient disintegrant agent in the tablet supply. But Sago amylum is rarely
used by drugs factory, because of the flowing characteristic and disintegration tablet capacity that is still less than the other disintegrant agent. Sago
amylum needs to be modified with pregelatinazed. In this research, it was used Sago amylum to six formulas. The formulas F1, F2, F3 used sago
amylum with concentration ratio 5%, 10%, and 15% whiles the formulas F4, F5, F6 used Sago amylum Pregelatinazed with concentration ratio 5%,
10% and 15 %. All of the formulas contain of active Ketokonazole, Binding agent PVP K-30, Avicel 102 Diluent, Mg Stearat Lubricant and talk Glidan.
All formulas had been evaluated about SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) Analyze, weight uniformity, friability, hardness, disintegration time,
and the ratio of absorption. Tablets were made by direct compressing. Based on this research, 6 th formula with the Sago amylum (Metroxylon sago)
Pregelatinazed announced for 15% by giving disintegration time faster with the time 49,6 second, also gave better tablet characteristic than
compared with the tablet without sago amylum (Metroxylon sago) Pregelatinazed. The result from ANNOVA-ONE WAY test was siginificant time
difference of all formulas, than continued with POST-HOC test to observe difference of each formula with the level of confidence (95%).
Keywords: Ketokonazole, Sago amylum (Metroxylon sago), Pregelatinazed, ANNOVA ONE WAY test, POST-HOCT test.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE EFFECT OF PINOGU COFFEE (COFFEA CANEPHORA VAR. ROBUSTA) TOWARDS

DECREASE OF URIN ACID LEVEL IN MALE MICE (MUS MUSCULUS)
MOHAMAD T. ISMULLAH
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages by Indonesian society and other countries in the world. Several studies report that coffee
contains polyphenol i.e. chlorogenic acid, which may decrease the level of uric acid in blood. This research aimed at investigating the effect of
pinogu coffee (Coffea canephora var. robusta) to decreased of uric acid level in male mice (Mus musculus) which induced by purin feed. This
research applied laboratory experimental design in which 15 male white mice were divided into 5 groups; each group consisted of 3 mice. Group I
as negative control, group II as positive control, and group III, IV, V as treatment control which given 0,104 mL, 0.312 mL and 0,624 mL coffee
solutions. Each group was induced with fresh chicken liver homogenates 0.5 mL/20 g BW orally, and then the blood was taken for uric acid level
measurement. The measurement was taken three times such as beginning of uric acid measurement (H 0), uric acid after purin feeding diet (H7) and
uric acid after treatment (H15). The total of uric acid content was measured by spectrophotometer UV-Vis enzymatic method. The result showed
that pinogu coffee (Coffea canephora var. robusta) contains polyphenol i.e. chlorogenic acid that can decrease the uric acid level of male mice (Mus
musculus) which induced by purin diet. The biggest reduction of uric acid by pinogu coffee was showed in group V receiving 0.624 mL (55.695 %)
with uric acid reduction close to normal (0.5-1.4 mg/dl) was 1.5 mg/dl.
Keywords: Uric acid, Coffee, Chlorogenic acid.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY FROM ETHANOL EXTRACT STEM YELLOW WOOD (ARCANGELISIA

FLAVA (L) MERR)
JENIFER KOLINA*, HAMSIDAR HASAN, MOHAMMAD A. MUSTAPA

1Pharmacy Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjajaran, Indonesia. 2Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Yellow wood is a group of wild plants and the length can reach 20 meters. Many studies claim that the alkaloid contained in a yellow wood trunk
has broad activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract yellow wooden rod against the larvae of
Artemia salina using BSLT (Brien Shrimp Lethality Test). This study uses three treatment concentrations of ethanol extract yellow wooden rod that
is 10, 100, and 1000 ppm. Each concentration using 10 larvae of Artemia salina 48 hours old, the treatment was repeated 3 times (triplo), and the
observed number of Artemia salina larvae died after 24 hours. Furthermore LC 50 values calculated using probit analysis. Results of a study showing
the concentration of 10 ppm per cent mortality of larvae Artemia salina 33,33%, 100 ppm percent larval mortality of 36.66%, and 1000 ppm
percent larval mortality was 100%. Probit analysis results showed that the LC 50 value of the ethanol extract of yellow wood trunk is 36 957 ppm.
Based on the results of probit analysis, LC50 value of ethanol extract yellow wooden rod into the category of highly toxic with LC 50 values 0 -250
ppm. This shows that the ethanol extract yellow wooden sticks have a cytotoxic effect against the larvae of shrimp Artemia salina.
Keywords: Wood yellow, Cytotoxic, BSLT (Brien Shrimp Lethality Test), LC 50.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANTIDIARRHOEAL EFFECT OF WATER EXTRACT OF BROTOWALI [TINOSPORA CRISPA (L.)

MIERS, MENISPERMACEAE] STEM IN SWISS WEBSTER MOUSE
RISRINA N. EKAWATI1*, MARIA I. IWO2, ATUN QOWIYYAH3

1Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Garut University, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut
Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. 3Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Garut University, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Antidiarrhoeal effect of water extract of brotowali [Tinospora crispa (L.) Miers, Menispermaceae] stem administered orally had been studied in
Swiss Webster mouse. On the castor oil induced diarrhoeal test, the extract at a dose of 960 mg/kg body weight able to suppress the onset of
diarrhoeal (145.17±51.60) significantly (p<0.05) compare to than that of control (68.33±3.98), to improve the fecal consistency to normal
consistency (score of 2.33±1.97) compare to than that of control (score of 3.66±1.97), to decrease the percentage of mice diarrhoeal (33.0%)
compare to than that of control (66.7%) and to decrease the defecation frequency (1.67±2.25) compare to than that of control (3.00±1.79). On the
transite intestinal test, this dose decreased the ratio of the length of the mouse norite transited intestine to the whole length of the mouse intestine
(71.58±15.84 cm) significantly (p<0.05) compare to than that of control (88.80±8.47 cm). This result indicated that the water extract of brotowali
stem at a dose of 960 mg/kg body weight could inhibit the mouse intestine peristaltic.
Keywords: Antidiarrhoeal, Water extract of brotowali [Tinospora crispa (L.) Miers, Menispermaceae] stem, Swiss Webster mouse.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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FORMULATION AND INCREASE THE RATE OF DISSOLUTION OF KETOCONAZOLE TABLETS

WITH THE USE OF POLYSORBATE 80 AS A SURFACTANT
MULTIANI S. LATIF
Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, State University of Gorontalo, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Ketoconazole is a synthetic antifungal substance in azole group which is heredity of imidiazole and included in the BCS (Biopharmaceutical
Classification System) class II. This compound has poor solubility, so that it needs to improve the water solubility and disslolution rate. The purpose
of this research is to formulate and observe the dissolution rate of ketoconazole tablet by using polysorbat-80 as surfactant, and to know the
concentration of polysorbat-80 which can produce eligible tablet. Tablet was made by direct compresing method for 4 formulas (F). By varying the
concentration of polysorbat-80, there were; F1 0%, F2 1%, F3 3%, and F4 5%. Absorbance was measured by using spectrophotometer UV-Vis in the
5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 45 minutes. The result of the research showed that the increase on the dissolution rate by adding polysorbate-80 by
various concentration above. Formula 4 showed bigger dissolved level with concentration of polysorbate 5%. The addition of polysorbat-80 on
concentration 1% produced eligible tablet, and it was seen from tablet physical evaluation that covers uniformity of weight, hardness, friability, and
disintegration time of tablets.
Keywords: Ketoconazole, Dissolution, Polysorbat-80.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS THE USE OF DRUG COMBINATION ANGIOTENSIN-

CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS - DIURETIK AND ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR BLOCKERS -
DIURETICS HYPERTENSION PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISORDERS IN HOSPITAL
DR. SOEKARDJO
ROBBY RAMDANI*, AJENG DIANTINI, SRI A. SUMIWI

ABSTRACT
This research was conducted to determine the cost-effectiveness analysis of the use of combination drug-ACEI and ARB-diuretic diuretics in
hypertensive patients with chronic renal impairment at Hospital Dr. Soekardjo. This study uses an observational study with retrospective data
collection in cross sectional Hospital Dr. Soekardjo the period May-June 2015. The definition of hypertensive patients with chronic renal
impairment is restrained patients who achieved the target reduction of blood pressure ≤ 130/80 mmHg with improved GFR ≥ 60 ml / min per 1.73
m2. The results of the study are predominantly male with the number on the combination of ACEI-diuretic total of 36 patients (80%) and the ARB-
diuretic combination of 28 patients (80%). Percentage reduction in mean systolic blood pressure ACEI-diuretic drug combination was 20.8 ± 6.55
whereas the ARB-diuretic drug combination was 28.3 ± 6.45. The percentage improvement in renal function/Glomerolus Filtration Rate (GFR)
mean the combination of ACEI-diuretic drug was 84.63 ± 31.92 and ARB-diuretic was 85.15 ± 40.5. Direct Medical Costs ACEI-diuretic drug
combination Rp 89,648,955 and the ARB-diuretic combination is 100,023,534. The number of patients uncontrolled diuretic drug combination
ACEI and ARB-diuretic combination ACER. Value-diuretic drug combination Rp 142.300 ACEI and ARB-diuretic Rp 129.901. ARB-diuretic drug
combination has a cost effectiveness analysis which is better than the combination of ACEI-diuretic drugs in hypertensive patients with chronic
renal impairment.
Keywords: ACEI, ARB, Cost effectiveness analysis.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF EMULSION-GEL FORM IN TOMATO EXTRACT

(SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.) AS MOISTURIZERS.
ROSITA I. DEHI
ABSTRACT
Cosmetic moisturizers (moisturizers) including treatments cosmetic aimed at maintaining the structure and function of the skin of various
influences such as dry air, sun, old age, various skin diseases as well as diseases in the body which accelerate the evaporation of the water so that
the skin becomes drier. Tomato contains protein that become a source of amino acids for the body that works to build and replace cells damaged.
Screening result obtained from the tomato extract contains vitamin A, C, and E. Emulsion-Gel formulation of tomato extract (Solanum Lycopersicum
L.) as moisturizers. Optimization basis used Carbomer gel with 3 different variations that were 1%, 1.5%, 2%. Optimization of base emulsion used a
combination of viscosity enhancers variation in namely crodamol SS and cethyl alcohol. Emulsion-gel form used variation in concentration of
tomato extract that were 10%, 15%, 20%. The formulations were evaluated including, organoleptic test, homogeneity test, centrifugation test, pH
test, viscosity test, freeze-thaw test, and irritation test. pH and viscosity stability test were conducted for 7 cycles, for each cycle was exposed in 40 0
C for 48 hours, then placed at a temperature of 4oC for 48 hours. The result showed that tomato extract with 20% concentration provides good
Keywords: Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.), Emulsion-Gel, Moisturizers.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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DETERMINATION OF PARAMETERS STANDARDIZATION CRUDE DRUG AND EXTRACT

ARABICA COFFEE BEANS (COFFEA ARABICA L.)
MUCHTARIDI, RANI RUBIYANTI*, HAMIDAH NURULJANAH, MIRA L. NURUL A. RAMADHANI, MOELYONO

MOEKTIWARDOYO, IDA MUSFIROH, ALIYA N. HASANAH
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Quality of crude drug and extractof coffe bean (Coffea arabica L.) determined by the value of simplicia and extract standard parameter. In this
research, coffee bean derived from Pangalengan, Garut, and Tasikmalaya. Standard parameter that was determined consists of non-specific
parameters and specific parameters. The results of crude drug determination of non-specific parameters including the loss of dry ranged from
7.83%-10.66%; water content ranged from 7.20%-7.73%; total ash content ranged from 7.28%-8.24%; and acid insolubleash content ranged from
0.14%- 0.17%. The results of determination of specific parameters including organoleptic examination simplicia, oval shapes, green color, typhical
coffee odor, bitter taste; water-soluble contents ranged between 7.83% and 10.67%; levels ethanol-soluble contents ranged between 6.67% and
8.50%. The results of extract determination of non-specific parameters including the specific gravity of the extracts ranged from 0.89-0.92; the loss
of dry ranged from 18.16%-21.83%; water content ranged from 5.83%-6.67%; total ash content ranged from 1.77%-3.28%; and acid in solubleash
content ranged from 0.01%-0,02%. The results of determination of specific parameters including organoleptic examination extract, pasta shapes,
green color, typhical extract odor, bitter taste; water-soluble contents ranged between 29.50% and 32.50%; levels ethanol-soluble contents ranged
between 32.00% and 38,16%. Caffeine is used as a marker compound. Caffeine were determined by HPLC, mobile phasemethanol: 1%
aceticacidaquabidest(40:60)UV277 detector. Caffeine content in crude drug 1.15% 2.70% and the caffeine content in extract 6.13%-16.74%.
Keywords: Standard parameter, Crude Drug, Extract, Coffee Bean, Coffea arabica L.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE EFFECT OF ETHYL ACETAT (PHYLLANTHUSBUXIFOLIUS MUELL, ARG) LEAVES AGAINST

LEVELS TOTAL SERUM BILIRUBIN AND LIVER CELL NECROSIS ON MALE WISTAR RATS
DWI A. RAMDHINI
ABSTRACT
Leaves of Phyllanthusbuxifolius Muell. Arg. contain antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids and polyphenols.
Antioxidant compounds that are important in protecting the body from free radicals. This study aimed to determine the effects of ethyl acetate
fraction seligi leaves against total serum bilirubin levels and necrosis of liver cells of male rats wistar strain. This study used thirty rats were
divided into 6 groups. Group I as normal group were given food and water. Group II as negative controls were given paracetamol 500 mg/200 g BW.
Group III as a positive control were given curcuma®. Group IV, V and VI as treatment of test fraction 5 mg/200 g BW, 10 mg/200 g BW and 15
mg/200 g BW. The treatment was given for 7 days, on day 5 all group was induced paracetamol, except normal controls group. All groups on days
0th, 4th and 7th calculated levels of serum total bilirubin. On the 7 th day of liver histopathology performed on all the groups’ observation of liver cell
necrosis. Both results were analyzed by One Way Anova test. The results showed that the fraction of dose 5 mg/200g BW, 10 mg/200g BW, 15
mg/200g BW was able to inhibited the increase in serum bilirubin levels and inhibited liver cell necrosis wistar male rats. 10 mg/200g BW dose
fraction was effective in inhibited increase serum total bilirubin levels and necrosis of liver cells wistar male rats.
Keywords: Seligi leaves, Levels serum total bilirubin, Cell necrosis.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN AGAINTS CANDIDA ALBICANS ATCC 90028 AND

CLINICAL ISOLATE
MUHAMMAD H. FATHURRAHMAN*, SULISTYANINGSIH, SRI A. F. KUSUMA, AULIYA A. SUWANTIKA

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research was to determine the antifungal activity of chitosan against Candida albicans ATCC 90028 and clinical isolate and to
determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and also Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). This research was conducted through
antifungal activity test of chitosan using agar diffusion method and determine MIC by macrodillution method and also determine MBC by
subculture method which derived from the result of MIC. The results showed that chitosan dissolved in 0,250% (v/v) acetid acid did not have
antifungal activity because Chitosan cannot be dissolved by acetic acid. MIC of chitosan is 0,006% (w/v) up to 0,003% (w/v) and MBC is 0,012%
(w/v) up to 0,006% (w/v). Chitosan have antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 90028 and clinical isolate with a concentration of
between 0,006% - 0,012% (w/v) of MIC and a concentration of between 0,012% - 0,025% (w/v) of MBC.
Keywords: Chitosan, Antifungal, Candida albicans.
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ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF

SERAI DAPUR (CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS, STAPF.) ON MICE AFTER INHALATION
NONI CAHYANA1*, ANAS SUBARNAS2, MUCHTARIDI2

1Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Garut, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
An effect of essential oil of serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus, Stapf.), on locomotor activity of male white mice has been carried out using a Wheel
Cage methode. The essential oil was administrated by inhalation at doses of 0.1 ml, 0.3 ml and 0.5 ml and locomotor activity was indicated by
number of rotation of Wheel Cage at a 15 minutes interval for 90 minutes. Inhalation of essential oil of serai dapur at the three doses decreased
locomotor activity 39.05%, 46.45% and 65.71%, respectively for 90 minutes observation significantly different from the control. Increasing doses
increased the effect. These results indicated that essential oil of serai dapur inhibited locomotor activity of mice. The results of GC-MS analysis
showed that essential oil of serai dapur contained 43 compounds, the main components are citral [α-citral (26.9%, β-citral (28.9%)], which were
assumed as depressant active components.
Keywords: GC-MS analysis, locomotor activity, essential oil of serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus, Stapf.).
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE GEL PREPARATION OF METHYLSILANOL ASCORBATE USING CARBOMER GELLING

AGENT
FIRMAN GUSTAMAN
ABSTRACT
The gel preparation of methylsilanol ascorbate using carbomer gelling agent was carried out. In this work, the gel was performed by varying
concentration of carbomer 0.6%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.2% and 1.4%. The results showed that color of gel is yellow clear, having characteristic odour of
propylenglycol. The pH value of formula 1 until formula 3 is between 4.5 and 6.5 which conform to skin pH. While the pH of Formula 4 and formula
5 is under the pH skin. The increment of gel viscosity is directly proportional to increment of carbomer concentration. The best of gel is formula 2
with concentration of carbomer 0.8%.
Keywords: Methylsilanol ascorbate, Carbomer, Gel, Skin
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SNAKEHEAD FISH (OPHIOCEPHALUS

STRIATUS) DRY EXTRACT NANOEMULGEL USING PARTICLE SIZE ANALYZER
PRISCA S. WICITA
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Gorontalo State University. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Snakehead fish (Ophiocephalus striatus) is a freshwater fish that can accelerate the healing process of burns because it contains high protein and
albumin. This study aims to determine the process of preparation and characterization nanoemulgel basis as a carrier in the nanoemulgel
preparation of snakehead fish (Ophiocephalus striatus) dry extract and to evaluate and test the stability of nanoemulgel of snakehead fish
(Ophiocephalus striatus) dry extract. This study used snakehead fish dry extract by automizer. Formulation was started by gel optimization use
HPMC as a gelling agent and nanoemulsion optimization which based on a comparison of oil (Olive oil), a mixture of surfactant (Tween 80) and co-
surfactant (PEG 400), and aquadest. Optimization results showed HPMC as a gelling agent at concentrations of 1.5% and nanoemulsion in F11
(1:11) produced clear nanoemulgel basis, stable, and transmittan value 98.825%. The characterization results nanoemulgel basis with Particle Size
Analyzer showed the particle size after 3 measurements at 3.5 ± 0.9 nm, 3.3 ± 0.9 nm, and 1.9 ± 0.5, polydispersity index values for 3 measurements
were 0.988, 0.638, and 0.141 and zeta potential value was -60.72. Data results stated that the basis of nano emulsion was stable with a uniform
particle size. Preparations nanoemulgel of snakehead fish dry extract was formulated by the addition of BHT (antioxidant) and DMDM Hydantoin
(preservative) which resulted a formula was clear, homogeneous, and limpid yellow, pH 5, and the viscosity of 210 cP. The results of the evaluation
and the stability test showed a good level of stability in the viscosity and pH by oneway ANOVA analysis. It showed that no effect viscosity and pH
significantly against stability of snakehead fish dry extract nanaoemulgel.
Keywords: Dry extract, Snakehead fish, Nanoemulgel, Particle size analyzer.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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THE INFLUENCE OF THE FORMATION OF INCLUSION COMPLEXES ATORVASTATIN WITH Β-

CYCLODEXTRIN AGAINST OF SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE ATORVASTATIN
DILAL A. FADIL*, TAOFIK RUSDIANA, MUCHTARIDI

ABSTRACT
Dissolution rate takes is one of the determining factors in the process of absorption of active substances of the preparation are given orally. Drugs
that have a low solubility, absorption of his process is determined by the stage better dissolution takes (rate limiting step). The increase in the rate
of which can be done with a better dissolution takes away the formation of inclusion complexes of drugs in β-cyclodextrin. Atorvastatin inclusion
complexes with β-cyclodextrin is made with the kneading method with comparison of molar atorvastatin-β-cyclodextrin 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3. Study
inclusion complex equilibrium provision atorvastatin-β-cyclodextrin is 180, 873M-1. Comparison of solubility of atorvastatin, atorvastatin-
inclusion complex of β-cyclodextrin 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 in PBS pH 6.8 in a row is 1.0283; 1.0502; 1.0238; and 1.0687 mg/ml. number of atorvastatin
that being included in β-cyclodextrin in a row is 94.30; 79.78; and 72,02%. The DSC inclusion complex of atorvastatin in β-cyclodextrin 1:1, 1:2 and
1:3 in a row is 82.9; 89.7; and 81.0 0 C. inclusion complex of atorvastatin in β-cyclodextrin showed better dissolution takes rate higher than
atorvastatin atorvastatin without inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin.
Keywords: Inclussion complex, Beta-cyclodextryn, Kneading method, Dissolution Rate.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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ANTISEPTIC ACTIVITIES OF GEL WITH EXTRACT ETHANOL OF KAWANG FRUITS

(LITOCARPUS CELEBICUS, (MIQ.) REHDER)
SORAYA R. MITA*, SRI A. F. KUSUMA, NURAINI INSIYAH

Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Padjadjaran. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Antiseptic is a substance used to inhibit the growth or destroy microorganisms that live on the surface of the body. Their resistance to antiseptics
on the market, it needed a new antiseptic based natural ingredients that are relatively safer. Result of thorough kawang fruit (Lithocarpus celebicus
(Miq.) Rehder) are flavonoids which has antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study to make an antiseptic gel withextract ethanol of kawang
fruit and determine its effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29 213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. This research method includes
extraction, phytochemical screening, testing activities with the agar diffusion, determination MIC and MBC, antiseptic gel formulation, and test
preparation gel. The test results showed the kawang fruit has activity against bacteria with value MIC and MBC on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC
29213 is 5% (b/b) and 10% (b/b), and on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 is 10% and 20%.The extraction is formulated in the form of a gel with a
concentration of 5%, 10%, and 20%. Formulations made using 2% HPMC. The test results show the effectiveness of antiseptic gel extracts have
inhibitory better on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 than Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.
Keywords: Antiseptic gel, Lithocarpus celebicus (Miq.) Rehder, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.
Vol 9, issue 6, 2016 Online - 2455-3891
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INCREASE FUROSEMIDE DISSOLUTION OF THE TABLETS IN THE ARTIFICIAL GASTRIC FLUID

WITHOUT ENZYMES PH 1.2 BY USING WET GRANULATION METHOD
DINA N. SUWINDA*, UU MARÙ, TOMI HENDRAYANA

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Garut, Jawa Barat, Indonesia.
ABSTRACT
Dissolution of furosemide from its tablets preparat by wet granulation method in stimulation od gastric solution without enzyme pH 1.2 medium
has been exerelated. The result shows that percentage of dissolution can improve with adding PVP K-30 as excipient. Formulation of mixed system
between furosemide-PVP K-30 solution gives higher percentage of dissolution than physical mixed system. NaHCO 3 as disintegran and Avicel pH
102 as diluent can give better dissolution than conventional disintegran (NaHCO3) and diluent (Laktosum).
Keywords: Furosemide, Artificial Gastric Fluid Granulation Method

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II-Indonesian Conference on Clinical Pharmacy

27-28 October 2016

Dr. Keri Lestari, M.Si., Apt. (Chair)

Auliya A. Suwantika, Ph.D., Apt. (Co-chair)

Prof. Dr. Ajeng Diantini, MS, Apt. (Scientific committee)

Dr. Eli Halimah, MS, Apt.

Date Description Speaker Theme Moderator

A STUDY OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEM IN UROLOGIC PATIENTS: A COHORT PROSPECTIVE

ANA K. FAIZAH1*, RASWITA DINIYA2

OFF-LABEL DRUG USE IN PEDIATRIC INPATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH NEPHROTIC

HESTY U. RAMADANIATI1*, TALARAN TAMBUNAN2, SONDANG KHAIRANI1, HAPPY S. ADISTY1

Keywords: Off-label drug, Nephrotic syndrome, Inpatient, Pediatrics.

THE CORRELATION OF AGE AND STATUS OF PATIENT’S COMPLIANCE WITH

HANANDITIA R. PRAMESTUTIE*, DIMAS A. DWI JP, RATNA K. ILLAHI

THE COMPARISON OF PARTITION COEFFICIENT BETWEEN THYMOQUINONE AND 2,3,6-

THE COMPARISON OF ANTIBIOTICS USE FOR OUTPATIENTS IN MLATI II PRIMARY HEALTH

FARAHDINA CHAIRANI*, YOSI FEBRIANTI, ENDANG SULISTYOWATI

SERUM CYSTATIN C ROLE IN IDENTIFICATION OF RENAL DYSFUNCTION AMONG ELDERLY

IRFANULLAH KHAN1, 2, AMER H. KHAN2*, AZREEN S. ADNAN1, AMJAD KHAN1,2

ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN OBESITY, HIGH PURINE CONSUMPTIONS, AND MEDICATIONS ON

EMA P. YUNITA1*, DINAR I. FITRIANA2, ATMA GUNAWAN3

Keywords: Allopurinol, Hyperuricemia, Obesity, Purine consumptions.

SESILIA A. KEBAN*, DEVI MULIAWATI

HOW FAR REGULATION AND ORGANIZATION PREPARED BY GOVERNMENT IN ACT

FLAME EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY FOR ANALYSIS OF SODIUM-POTASSIUM IN URINE OF

MUTAKIN1, MUTIARA J. ISKARTAMA1, JUTTI LEVITA2

A HIPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY COMPARISON OF TEN PLANTS’ EXTRACT IN MICE INDUCED

POTENCY OF DRUGS INTERACTIONS AMONG PSYCHOTROPIC PRESCIPTIONS: A

ALDIZAL M. R. SYAMSUDIN1*, DIKA P. DESTIANI2

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA TREATMENT COST

IVONNE SOELIONO1*, SUHARJONO2, TARMONO3

LONG-TERM SAFETY EVALUATION OF TAMARIND PULP (TAMARINDUS INDICA L.) WATER

ROLES OF PALIASA (KLEINHOVIA HOSPITA L.) LEAF EXTRACT ON DOXORUBICIN ACUTE

YULIA Y. DJABIR1, MUHAMMAD A. ARSYAD2, SARTINI1, SUBEHAN1

PHARMACIST PROVIDED COUNSELING IMPROVES MEDICATION ADHERENCE AMONG

YOSI FEBRIANTI*, SAEPUDIN

EPITOPE PREDICTION TO DEVELOP LECTIN-LIKE OXIDIZED-LDL RECEPTOR-1 (LOX-1) DNA

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VALUE-ADDED PHARMACY SERVICES AND PATIENT

ZULFAN ZAZULI1*, ANUSHAMBIGAI BALASUBRAMANIAM1, KUSNANDAR ANGGADIREDJA1

OPTIMATION OF ETHANOL CONCENTRATION IN EXTRACTION OF EUGENOL FROM

ADI YUGATAMA*, NUR W. ARDIYATI, IRA YULIANTI

PROFILE ASSESSMENT FOR HOSPITAL READMISSION AMONG MALE PATIENTS OF

NUR S. A. B. DZAKWAN1, ENTI HARIADHA2*

THE IMPACT OF PHARMACIST COUNSELLING ON KNOWLEDGE, ADHERENCE, AND QUALITY

DEDY ALMASDY1*, JELLY PERMATASARI1, RAVEINAL2, NINA KURNIASIH3

OVERUSE OF ACID SUPPRESSANT DRUGS AS STRESS ULCER PROPHYLAXIS IN ICU

LAKSMI MAHARANI*, IKA MUSTIKANINGTIAS, HENING PRATIWI

COST SAVING OF STRESS ULCER PROPHYLAXIS USE IN NON ICU INPATIENTS

HENING PRATIWI*, LAKSMI MAHARANI, IKA MUSTIKANINGTIAS

Keywords: Stress ulcer prophylaxis, non-ICU, Cost Minimization Analysis.

PHARMACIST’S HOME CARE IMPACT TO TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

IKA MUSTIKANINGTIAS1*, LAKSMI MAHARANI1,3, HENING PRATIWI1,3, VITIS V. F. R. UTAMI1,3, HANIF N.

KAEMPFEROL FROM STELECHOCARPUS BURAHOL, (BL.) HOOK F. & TH. LEAVES

DINIATIK1,2*, SUWIJIYO PRAMONO1, SUGENG RIYANTO1

HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQOL) OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

LOLITA1*, TRI M. ANDAYANI2

SURVIVAL TRENDS IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS WITH TB AS CO-MORBIDITY DURING HAART

KASHIF U. KHAN 1*, AMER H. KHAN1, SAYED A. S. SULAIMAN1, CHOW T. SOO2

PHARMACIST’S COUNSELLING EFFECTS ON SATISFACTION WITH INHALED ASTHMA