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Bluetooth: Quote of The Day

Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances. It was developed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group to replace cables for connecting devices like mobile phones, laptops, keyboards, and printers. Bluetooth uses a short-range wireless protocol in the 2.4 GHz band to enable wireless communication between devices that are up to 10 meters apart. It allows for ad-hoc network formation between several devices, called a piconet. While Bluetooth and 802.11 both enable wireless connectivity, they target different use cases - Bluetooth is aimed at wireless personal area networks with low power consumption and cost, while 802.11 is for longer range wireless local area networks. Bluetooth incorporates security mechanisms but also has some vulnerabilities due

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62 views8 pages

Bluetooth: Quote of The Day

Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances. It was developed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group to replace cables for connecting devices like mobile phones, laptops, keyboards, and printers. Bluetooth uses a short-range wireless protocol in the 2.4 GHz band to enable wireless communication between devices that are up to 10 meters apart. It allows for ad-hoc network formation between several devices, called a piconet. While Bluetooth and 802.11 both enable wireless connectivity, they target different use cases - Bluetooth is aimed at wireless personal area networks with low power consumption and cost, while 802.11 is for longer range wireless local area networks. Bluetooth incorporates security mechanisms but also has some vulnerabilities due

Uploaded by

Shahid Mehmood
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bluetooth

Stephen Carter
March 19, 2002

Quote of the Day

"I don't have to be careful, I've got a gun.“


-Homer Simpson

1
About Bluetooth
• Developed by a group called Bluetooth Special
Interest Group (SIG), formed in May 1998
• Founding members were Ericsson, Nokia, Intel,
IBM and Toshiba
• Almost all of the biggest companies in the
telecommunications business have joined the
Bluetooth SIG and the number of the participating
companies is now over 1,500

What is Bluetooth?
• A cable-replacement technology that can be used
to connect almost any device to any other device
• Radio interface enabling electronic devices to
communicate wirelessly via short range (10
meters) ad-hoc radio connections
• A standard for a small, low cost (~ $5), low
power, radio based chip to be plugged into
computers, printers, keyboards, monitors, mobile
phones, refrigerators??, PDAs, etc…

2
Bluetooth details
• Uses the radio range of 2.45 GHz
• Theoretical maximum bandwidth is 1 Mb/s
• Several Bluetooth devices can form an ad
hoc network called a “piconet”
– In a piconet one device acts as a master (sets
frequency hopping behavior) and the others as
slaves
– Example: A conference room with many
laptops wishing to communicate with each
other

Bluetooth v. 802.11 ?
• Bluetooth
– Designed for quick, seamless short range networks
– Features low power consumption, small protocol stack,
robust data & voice transfer
– Cheap price
– Good choice for WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Networks)
• 802.11
– Designed for infrequent mobility, IP-based data transmission
– Medium range and high data rate
– At least 10x the price of bluetooth
– Good choice for WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks)

3
Bluetooth v. 802.11 ?
WPAN technologies enable
users to establish ad hoc, wireless
communications for devices
(such as PDAs, cellular phones,
or laptops) that are used within a
personal operating space (POS).
A POS is the space surrounding
a person, up to a distance of
10 meters.

No serious competition exists between the Bluetooth & 802.11.


They are aimed at different markets and different roles.

Bluetooth v. 802.11 ?
• IEEE has established the 802.15 working
group for WPANs. This working group is
developing a WPAN standard, based on the
Bluetooth version 1.0 specification. Key
goals for this draft standard are low
complexity, low power consumption,
interoperability, and coexistence with
802.11 networks.

4
Bluetooth Specification Protocol Stack

Bluetooth Specification Protocol Stack


• Radio
– defines the requirements for a Bluetooth transceiver operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM
band.
• Baseband
– describes the specification of the Bluetooth Link Controller (LC) which carries out the
baseband protocols and other low-level link routines.
• LMP
– used by the Link Managers (on either side) for link set-up and control.
• HCI
– provides a command interface to the Baseband Link Controller and Link Manager, and
access to hardware status and control registers.
• L2CAP
– supports higher level protocol multiplexing, packet segmentation and reassembly, and
the conveying of quality of service information.
• RFC
– provides emulation of serial ports over the L2CAP protocol. The protocol is based on
the ETSI standard TS 07.10
• SDP
– The Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) provides a means for applications to discover
which services are provided by or available through a Bluetooth device. It also allows
applications to determine the characteristics of those available services

5
Bluetooth Security
• Must consider standard ad hoc network issues
– Availability
• DOS attacks easy to perform
• Routing protocol attacks
• Battery Exhaustion attacks
– Authorization & Key Management
– Confidentiality & Integrity
• Anyone can sniff messages from the air
• Radio Interference

Bluetooth Security (cont)


• Every bluetooth device has 4 entities for maintaining
security
– Bluetooth device address
• 48-bit address that is unique for each Bluetooth device and defined
by IEEE
– Private authentication key
• 128-bit random number used for authentication purposes
– Private encryption key
• 8-128 bits in length that is used for encryption
– Random number
• frequently changing 128-bit random or pseudo-random number that
is made by the Bluetooth device itself

6
Bluetooth Security (cont)
• In Bluetooth Generic Access Profile, security is
divided into 3 modes
– non-secure
– service level enforced security
– link level enforced security
• device initiates security procedures before the channel is
established
• Device security modes
– Trusted or untrusted
• Service security modes
– Authorization and Authentication
– Authentication only
– Open to all

Bluetooth Security (cont)


• Security mechanisms more complex than
802.11 due to the “ad-hocness”
• A number of weaknesses and vulnerabilities
exist in Bluetooth security
• May be adequate for non-sensitive data and
smaller applications, but money transactions
or military applications???
• Sound familiar???

7
Credits
• Palowireless Bluetooth Resource Center
• Microsoft XP Help and Support Center
• J. Vainio, “BlueTooth Security,” TR 2000-
05-25

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