K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum

Technical-Vocational Education

Learning Module

E X P L O R AT O R Y

Grade 7
 MODULE 1

SHOP SAFETY RULES AND

PRACTICES

OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
O1. identify safe and unsafe work practices in a shop
O2. recognize possible hazards in the area
O3. perform job in a manner that is safe for everybody

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 Safety is the number one priority in any course. Before even exploring the
lesson, you should know the safety measures needed for this subject matter. This
module is divided into five major sections all about safety. Let us discover the
precautions and guidelines needed for this course!

SAFE WORK PRACTICES

Here are the general safety practices you should keep in mind:

 Do not operate any machine before understanding its operation.

 Before operating a machine, check if the safety devices are in place and are
working.
 Disconnect power and lock it off at switch box when making repairs to the
machine.
 Be certain that the cutting tool and workpiece are properly mounted.
 Keep hands away from moving parts.
 Always stop the machine before measuring, cleaning, or making any
adjustments.
 Never use rags near moving parts.

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 Never have more than one person operate a machine at the same time.
 Get first aid immediately for any injury.
 Remove all burrs and sharp edges with a file before handling any work.
 Do not lift heavy or difficult to handle objects by yourself. Be educated on safe
lifting practices.
 Assume a squatting position (knees bent, back straight).
 Grasp workpiece firmly.
 Lift object by straightening legs (back straight).
 Be sure work is clamped securely to the table.
 Never start the machine until you are sure that the cutting tool and machine
parts will clear the workpiece.

HAND TOOL SAFETY

HAMMERS

 Do not strike a hardened steel surface with a claw hammer

 Do not strike one hammer against another hammer
 Do not use a hammer as a wedge or pry-bar

CHISELS

 Use only chisels that are sharp

 Do not use chisels with a mushroom head
 Use only hammers that are designed to use with chisels

SAWS

 Do not carry the saw by the blade

 Do not use any saw that has a dull saw blade
 Keep control of the saw by releasing downward
pressure at the end of each stroke

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 WRENCHES

 Do not use wrenches that are bent, cracked, or that have loose handles
 Make sure that the wrench you select fits properly. If it is a loose fit, it may
round off the corners of the nut or bolt head.
 Pull on a wrench instead of pushing to avoid injury.
 Never use a wrench on moving machinery.
 Do not hammer on a wrench or extend the handle for additional leverage. Use
a larger wrench.

GENERAL RULES IN POWER TOOLS

 Do not use power tools you are not trained.

 Do not lift or carry power tools by their power cord.
 Keep power cords out of the paths of the power tool.
 Do not leave tools unattended.
 Do not stand in water or wet surfaces when running a power tool.
 Hold all power tools by the plastic handgrips or other non-conductive areas.
 Do not plug multiple electrical cords into a single outlet.
 Ground all tools unless double insulated.
 Be aware of all power lines, electrical circuits, and water pipes that are not
visible.

RISK-MANAGEMENT

To assure a high degree of safety, no machine -tool is to be used unless the risk
management process, as outlined below, is understood and applied by the user and
the supervisor:

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1. Identify the potential hazard(s) that the machine tool can generate.
2. Assess the probability and severity of the hazard(s) by utilizing the Risk
Assessment Matrix in figure 1-1. Risk acceptance decision authority for the risk levels
is as follows:
a. Extremely high - CG, TRADOC; DCG, TRADOC or the Chief of Staff,
TRADOC.
b. High - Major subordinate commands, installation commanding generals,
and school commandants of general officer rank.
c. Moderate and low - Delegated to the appropriate level in your unit chain
of command.
3. Determine the risk control measures that will eliminate the hazard(s) or
reduce the risk.
4. Implement the risk control measures before and during operation of the
machine tool to eliminate the hazards or reduce their risks.
5. Supervise and evaluate the process. Enforce the established standards and
risk control measures. Evaluate the effectiveness of the control measures and
adjust/update them as necessary.

Figure 1-1. Risk Assessment Matrix

Required Sign Colors

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 All signs require a predominant color based on the sign’s purpose. Below are
the five types of signs and their predominant color.
Danger signs: RED.
Caution signs: YELLOW.
Safety instruction signs: GREEN.
Directional signs: BLACK.
Informational signs: A variety of colors may be used, except for red,
yellow, or magenta (purple).

 Danger Signs

Danger signs should only be used when an immediate hazard exists. There
will be no variations in the type or design of signs posted to warn of a specific danger.
All personnel will be instructed that danger signs indicate immediate danger and that
special precautions are necessary.

 Caution Signs

Caution signs should be used only to warn against potential hazards or to

caution against unsafe practices. All personnel will be instructed that a caution sign
indicates a possible hazard against which proper precautions will be taken.

 Directional Signs

Directional signs should be used in sufficient numbers to indicate the way to

stairways, fire escapes, exits, and other locations. Many other safety media are
available for use in military maintenance shops.

Fire Prevention

 Always dispose of oily rags in proper metal containers

 Know the location and operation of every fire extinguisher
 Know the location of the nearest fire exit from the building
 Know the location of the nearest fire-alarm box and its operating procedure

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 When using a welding or cutting torch, be sure to direct sparks away from
combustible material

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

 Always wear approved eye/ face protection

- plain safety glasses with side shields or face shields
 Never wear loose clothing
 Always wear shop apron and tie it in the back
 Remove wrist watches, earrings, nose-rings, bracelets, and any jewelry
 Never wear gloves around rotating spindles
 Long hair must be protected by a hair net or cap or tie long hair back
 No canvas or open-toes sandals
 Wear appropriate head gear and foot wear necessary for the job
 Wear ear protection if necessary

H OW MUCH HAVE YOU

LEARNED?

ACTIVITY 1

Directions: Solve the jumbled words by forming the right word based on the
context of the sentence. Take note that these are all related to safety rules and
practices you have just learned. Every first letter of the correct word will help
you fill the boxes below to form the magic word. Good luck!

Planning is one of the significant parts in observing shop and work

safety before the shop operation begins. That is why evaluating and
understanding the probability of hazards which is part of the risk
(gmaanemnte) process will be an important step to assure safety. A matrix
would be helpful to (seasss) the possible impact or effect a hazard in the area
or workplace would cause. Having a diagram of the hazards would make the
risk control measures easier 7
 to develop and implement. In that manner, (patrsaotcihc) events would likely
be less observed and work safety would be easily maintained. Personal
protective equipment should be always observed too to ensure worker’s safety.
Proper material should be worn starting from the (adeh egra) to the foot wear.
In case of unexpected scenarios or emergencies, be knowledgeable of the
rightful contact person or group for (miaditeme) help and prepare first aid kit
always. Be familiar of the (nestare) fire exit and avoid panicking as much as
possible. Indicating the stairways, fire escapes, and (eitxs) beforehand will be
so much helpful since it is inevitable for some people to not panic when
emergency comes.
 
MAGIC WORD:

Are you successful in accomplishing the first activity given? If you are,
congratulations! If not, that’s alright. Try going through the module once again and
review your weak points or clarifications.

To help you master this module, try doing this another activity made for you.

ACTIVITY 2

Every profession or field has their own personal protective equipment (PPE)
depending on their nature of work and environment. Now, imagine what
would a worker look like with complete PPE in a machine shop. Use the
information you have learned in this module. Try researching through books,
magazines, web or other resources you have to know the proper working attire
for a machinist. With the art materials you have at home, draw the proper
attire necessary for the work environment of a machinist on the space
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provided. Then, answer the question that follows.
Draw here!

Follow-up Question:

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 Why do you think machinists have their own proper attire or personal
protective equipment?
Now that you are done, examine your understanding about this week’s lesson.
Answer the assessment that follows.

ASSESSMENT

Directions: Read the following questions carefully. Write T if the statement is true
and F otherwise.

____1. Anyone can operate any power tool when necessary.

____2. Ground all tools unless double insulated.
____3. Implement the risk control measures before and during operation of the
machine tool to eliminate the hazards or reduce their risks.
____4. You can interchange the uses of tools like wrench to hammer as long as it can
do the work of a hammer.
____5. Never have more than one person operate a machine at the same time.
____6. Be aware of all power lines, electrical circuits and water pipes that are not
visible.
____7. Know the location and operation of every fire extinguisher when fire occurs
only.
____8. It is fine to work with jewelry or extra accessories when there is no check-up
conducted.
____9. Dispose oily rags as frequent as possible anywhere.
____10. To assure a high degree of safety, no machine -tool is to be used unless the
risk management process is understood and applied by the supervisor only.

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 ANSWER KEY

ASSESSMENT
EXERCISE 1
1. F
1. Management 2. T
2. Assess 3. T
3. Catastrophic 4. F
4. Head gear 5. T
5. Immediate 6. T
6. Nearest 7. F
7. Exits 8. F
MAGIC WORD: MACHINE 9. F
10. F

EXERCISE 2

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REFERENCES

MELCs

CLARION . (2013). New OSHA/ANSI Safety Sign Systems.

Hand Tools. (n.d.). Retrieved September 12, 2020, from

http://docshare02.docshare.tips/files/8021/80212634.pdf

INTRODUCTION TO THE MACHINE SHOP. (n.d.). Retrieved September 7, 2020,

from http://uhv.cheme.cmu.edu/procedures/machining/ch1.pdf

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (2002). “Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing 2/e”.
Retrieved September 2020, from
http://www.me.nchu.edu.tw/lab/CIM/www/courses/Manufacturing
%20Processes/Ch22-MachiningOps-Wiley.pdf

OFFICE OF RISK MANAGEMENT. (n.d.). Retrieved September 7, 2020, from

https://www.aps.anl.gov/files/APS-Uploads/XSD/Safety/tool_safety.ppt

OFFICE OF RISK MANAGEMENT. (n.d.). HAND AND POWER TOOL SAFETY.

Retrieved 2020

Walker, J. R. (2016, December 14). 01a machine shop safety. Retrieved

Septemeber 7, 2020, from Slide Share:
https://www.slideshare.net/mubbbsheridrees/01a-machine-shop-safety

https://www.google.com/search?
q=directional+signs&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiSzIaW0t3rAh
UIVN4KHcLrCccQ_AUoAXoECBgQAw&biw=1366&bih=625#imgrc=yu3Xt1TxVXgd
0M

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