Math10 3RDQUARTER Module-5
Math10 3RDQUARTER Module-5
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Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 5
Solving Problems Involving
Permutations and Combinations
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each
lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need
to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests.
Read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
This module provides varied activities that will help you learn about
permutations and combinations. Specifically, you will learn how to solve problems
involving permutations and combinations.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
recall basic concepts such as steps in solving problems and factorial notation;
classify problems whether it involves permutation or combination; and
solve problems involving permutations and combinations.
What I Know
B. Directions: Read the problem carefully. Answer the questions that follow.
Problem 1
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4. From your answer in item number 3, what is the formula to be used?
A. n! B. n! C. n! D. (n-1)!
(n-r)! p!q!r!…
5. What is the final answer to the given problem?
A. 5, 040 C. 4,989,600
B. 3,628,800 D. 39,916,800
Problem 2
What’s In
Knowing if a problem involves permutation or combination is very important to be
able to arrive at the correct and final answer. Let us recall the difference between
permutation and combination. Callanta et. al. (2015), in their book, differentiated
permutations and combinations. Talamayan and Binarao (2002) defined permutation as
the ordered arrangement of all or a part of a set of objects. On the other hand,
combination is a collection of objects with no attention given to the order of
arrangements.
Another key concept that you must ponder before solving word problems are the
steps in solving problems. Let us recall the steps:
A nalysis is the first step to solve problems. It is either you assign variable/s to
represent the unknown in the problem or to identify the kind of problem
illustrated. In our module, this part will consist of analysis of the problem
as to what kind of principle is embedded in the situation.
R equired is the step which involves the statement of what is being asked based on
the problem or what is needed to be solved.
G iven is the step that presents the given value/s in the problem.
F ormula is the step that provides the number sentence or the formula to be used in
order to solve the word problem.
S olution provides the procedure on how the answer is achieved.
A nswer is the last part of solving word problems. The answer must be suffixed
with unit of measurement or denomination.
Directions: Let us go back to the first problem we encountered in the What I Know part of
the module. Read the problem again. Afterwards, complete the statements
below.
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6. Answer: The number of ways that you can arrange the letters in the word
MATHEMATICS is _____________
What is It
Solving Problems Involving
Permutation and Combination
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Analysis: The problem involves permutation of n objects taken all at a time.
Required: The value that is to be solved in the problem is the number of ways
Ashley can arrange her books in the bookshelf.
Given: The given value is 6 which is the total number of books Ashley has to
arrange.
n!
Formula: We will use the formula P(n,r) = (n−r)! to solve for the unknown.
Solution: You can use any of the methods shown in Problem 2. In this problem, let
us use method 2.
Since the problem falls under permutation of n objects taken all at a time,
the values of n and r are the same.
n!
P(n,r) =
(n − r)!
6!
P(6,6) =
(6 − 6)!
6!
P(6,6) =
(0)!
6 ∙5∙4∙3∙2∙ 1
P(6,6) = 1
P(6,6) = 720
Answer: Ashley can arrange her 6 books in 720 ways.
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n!
P(n,r) =
(n − r)!
30! 30!
P(30,5) = =
(30 − 5)! 25!
30 ∙ 29 ∙ 28 ∙ 27 ∙ 26 ∙ 25!
P(30,5) =
25!
P(30,5) =17,100,720
Answer: Mrs. Pascual can have 17,100,720 ways to appoint 5 best students to
fill in the officership positions.
Analysis: The problem illustrates circular permutation since the main object is
the bracelet cord which is circular when formed.
Required: The value being asked in the problem is the number of ways Alyanna
can arrange the 8 different gems in a bracelet cord
Given: The given value is 8 which is the total number of gems to be arranged in
a bracelet cord
Formula: The formula for circular permutation is Pc = (n - 1)!
Solution: n = 8
Pc = (8 - 1)!
Pc = (7)!
Pc = 7 ∙ 6 ∙ 5 ∙ 4 ∙ 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1
Pc = 5, 040
* However, we need to divide the answer by 2. Since when we turn the
bracelet 180 degrees, the positions of the beads are the same.
Answer: Alyanna has 2, 520 ways to choose from in arranging 8 different gems in
A bracelet cord.
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What’s More
Independent Activity 1
Word Hunt
Directions: Box the words and write them before each statement that describes
them.
D G H J I O N G K U
B A N A L Y S I S E
N O T E T I O V N W
O R E Q U I R E D R
I H I D D I E N G O
T B H T I O N E D N
U U I R E W S N A G
L A N D E R S T A I
O F A C T O R I A L
S P E R M U T A T L
__________1. It is the step in a problem solving in which you state the final answer to the
problem.
__________2. It is the step in problem solving in which you identify the kind of problem
illustrated in the problem.
__________3. It is the step in problem solving in which you state what is being asked in
the problem or what value is to be solved
__________4. It is denoted by the notation n! = n ∙ (n - 1) ∙ (n - 2) ∙ (n - 3) … ∙ 2 ∙ 1
__________5. It is the step in problem solving in which the values given in the problem
are enumerated.
You’re My Supplier
Directions: Read the problem below. Then, supply the missing terms from the
statements that follow.
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Formula: The formula will be _______________________.
Solution: Using the formula, the solution is:
Independent Assessment 1
Twinkle Twinkle
Directions: Put a star ( ) under the appropriate column that categorizes the following
statements based on the steps in the problem solving process.
Required
Analysis
Solution
Formula
Answer
Given
Statements
1. n = 4, r = 2
2. The word STATISTICS can be
arranged in 151, 200 ways.
3. Permutation of n objects taken r at a
time
4. P(n,n) = n!
8
5. P = 4 ∙ 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1
P = 24
6. In how many ways can Aling Marta
arrange her utensils?
7. C(n,r) = n!
r!(n-r)!
8. Combination
9. Aira can choose in 56 ways.
10. Permutation of n objects taken
altogether.
Independent Activity 2
Correct Me If I am Wrong
Directions: Write True if the statement that follows is correct. If not, change the
underlined word or group of words to make the statement correct.
Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
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Independent Assessment 2
Directions: The following statements are false. Underline which word/s make/s the
statements wrong. On the space before the number, write the correct
term to make these true.
_____________ 1. Assembling a jigsaw puzzle is an example of combination.
______________ 2. Permutation is the number of possible arrangements of objects in
which ordering of those objects does not matter.
______________ 3. Identifying the given is the first step in solving problems.
______________ 4. Analysis is the step in which it states what is being asked from
the given problem.
______________ 5. Identifying the number of ways that you can arrange the letters in
the word COFFEE illustrates permutation of n objects taken r at a
time.
______________ 6. The value of 6! is 5, 040.
______________ 7. 0! is equal to 0.
______________ 8. There are five steps in solving word problems involving
permutations and combinations.
______________ 9. When we arrange the letters of the word READ, we can arrange
them in 6 ways.
_____________ 10. The formula for computing combination is (n - 1)!.
Independent Activity 3
Problem Solver
Directions: Analyze the problem below. Determine the formula to be used in order
to solve them. Afterwards, indicate the solution and the final answer.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Problem 1 Solution:
Randy’s “plantita” mom has
acquired 8 new plants for her
garden. She wants to arrange them
in a line along the stairs to their
veranda. In how many ways can she
arrange them? Answer:
10
Problem 2 Solution:
Diego’s group will perform a
zumba dance in their PE class. They
need to form a circle as warm - up
formation. If the group has 10
members, in how many ways can
they be arranged? Answer:
Problem 3 Solution:
Emmanuelle wants to know
how many ways can she arrange
the letters of her name. If she is
going to arrange them, how many
names can she form? Answer: ________________
Problem 4 Solution:
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Independent Assessment 3
Directions: Having been equipped with the knowledge and skills in solving word
problems involving permutation and combination, it is now your turn to solve the
given problems below. Follow the steps provided in the discussion and write your
answer in a separate sheet of paper.
Problem 1
In how many ways can 7 cadets line up in a row to have their squad drill?
Analysis: _____________________________________________
Required: _____________________________________________
Given: _____________________________________________
Formula: _____________________________________________
Solution: _____________________________________________
Answer: _____________________________________________
Problem 2
In how many ways can you select 5 letters from the set of letters in the English
alphabet?
Analysis: _____________________________________________
Required: _____________________________________________
Given: _____________________________________________
Formula: _____________________________________________
Solution: _____________________________________________
Answer: _____________________________________________
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What I Can Do
Assessment
A. Directions: Write P if each situation that follows illustrate permutation and C if
combination.
1. Getting top 5 contenders in the Miss Universe competition
2. Select any the colors red, blue, green, orange and pink.
3. Determine the email password of your classmate
4. Unlock a combination lock
5. Choose 2 fruits from a fruit basket
B. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
.
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How many different arrangements
are there for the 11 letters in the
word COMBINATION?
Additional Activities
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15
What I Know
True or False
1. T
2. F
3. F
4. T
5. T
Multiple Choice
1. C 6. B
2. D 7. C
3. C 8. D
4. C 9. A
5. C 10. A
What’s New
1. Permutation
2. Number of ways I can arrange the letters of the word MATHEMATICS
3. 11, number of letters
4. P = n !
p!q!r!
5. P = 11!
2!2!2!
P = 11∙10∙ 9 ∙ 8 ∙ 7 ∙ 6 ∙ 5 ∙ 4 ∙ 3 ∙ 2!
2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2!
P = 4, 989, 600
6. 4, 989, 600 ways
What’s More
Independent Activity 1
D G H J I O N G K U
B A N A L Y S I S E
N O T E T I O V N W
O R E Q U I R E D R
I H I D D I E N G O
T B H T I O N E D N
U U I R E W S N A G
L A N D E R S T A I
O F A C T O R I A L
S P E R M U T A T L
1. ANSWER 4. FACTORIAL
2. ANALYSIS 5. GIVEN
3. REQUIRED
Problem 1
Analysis: Combination
Required: number of ways that Marian can choose among Brenda, Carla, Maya and Janine to help her
accomplish the performance task
Given: n=4, r=3
Formula: C= n!
r!(n-r)!
Solution: C= n! = 4! = 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 4
r!(n-r)! 3!(1!) 3 x 2 x 1 x 1
Answer: 4 ways
Answer Key
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Problem 2
Analysis: Permutation of n objects taken all at the same time
Required: number of ways (in order) for Jelly to arrange the 3 given desserts from the menu.
Given: n = 3 and r = 3
Formula: P = n!
Solution: P = 3!
P= 3x 2x 1= 6
Answer: 6 ways
Independent Assessment 1
1. GIVEN 6. REQUIRED
2. ANSWER 7. FORMULA
3. ANALYSIS 8. ANALYSIS
4. FORMULA 9. ANSWER
5. SOLUTION 10. ANALYSIS
Independent Activity 2
1. True 6. True
2. Distinguishable 7. Permutation
3. Required 8. True
4. True 9. True
5. True 10. True
Independent Assessment 2
1. Combination - Permutation
2. Permutation - Combination or does not - does
3. Identifying the given - Analysis or first - third
4. Analysis - Required or we state what is being asked from the given problem - identify the kind of problem
5. Permutation of n objects taken r at a time - distinguishable permutation
6. 6! - 7! or 5040 - 720
7. 0 - 1
8. Five - six
9. 6 - 24
10. Combination - circular permutation or (n - 1)! - n!
r! (n - r)!
Independent Activity 3
Problem 1
Randy’s “plantita” mom has acquired 8 new plants in her garden. She wants to arrange them in a
line along the stairs to their veranda. How many ways can she arrange them?
Permutation Formula: P = n!
Solution:
P = n! = 8!
P = 8 ∙ 7 ∙ 6 ∙ 5 ∙ 4 ∙ 3 ∙2 ∙ 1
P = 40, 320
Answer: 40, 320 ways
Problem 2
Diego’s group will perform a zumba dance in their PE class. They need to form a circle in thee
introduction as warm - up formation. If the group has 10 members, how many ways can they be arranged?
Permutation Formula: P = (n - 1)!
Solution:
P = (n-1)!
P = (10-1)!
P = 9!
P = 362,880
Answer: 362,880 ways
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Problem 3
Permutation Formula: P = n!
p!q!r!…
Solution:
P = n!
p!q!r!…
P =10!
3!2!2!
P = 151,200
Answer: 151,200 ways
Problem 4
Combination Formula: n!
r! (n - r)!
Solution:
C= 9!
3!(9-3)!
C= 9!
3!(6)!
C = 84
Answer: 84 ways
Independent Assessment 3
Rubrics for Independent Assessment 3:
Analysis 1 pt
Required 1 pt
Given 1 pt
Formula 1 pt
Inclusion of Formula in the Solution 1 pt
Substitution of given values 1 pt
Expanding the factorial notation 1 pt
Arriving to the answer 1 pt
Expressing the final answer and with correct unit or denomination 2 pts
Total 10 points
Problem 1
Analysis: Permutation of n objects taken all at the same time
Required: Number of ways that 7 cadets can line up in a row
Given: n = 7
Formula: P = n!
Solution: P = n!
P = 7! = 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 1
P = 5, 040
Answer: There are 5, 040 ways that the 7 cadets can line up in a row for their squad drill
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Problem 2
Analysis: Combination of n objects taken r at a time
Required: number of 5 - letter words that can be formed from the set of English alphabets
Given: n=26, r=5
Formula: C = n!
r! (n - r)!
Solution:
C= n!
r! (n - r)!
C= 26!
5! (26 - 5)!
C= 26!
5! 21!
C= 26 x 25 x 24 x 23 x 22 x 21!
5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x1 x 21!
C = 65, 780
Answer: There are 65, 780 five - letter words from the set of the English alphabet
Assessment
Permutation or Combination
1. P
2. C
3. P
4. P
5. C
Multiple Choice
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. C
Additional Activities
Analysis: The problem illustrates combination of n objects taken r at a time
Required: The number of ways that I can choose 4 problems from the 10 questions given by my
Math teacher
Given: n = 10 and r = 4
Formula: C = n!
r!(n - r)!
Solution: C = 10!
4!(10 - 4)!
C = 10 ∙ 9 ∙ 8 ∙ 7 ∙ 6!
6! 4 ∙ 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1
P = 210
Answer: I can have 210 ways to choose 4 problems from the 10 questions given by my Math
teacher.
References
A. Books
Callanta, Melvin M. et. al. Mathematics Learner’s Module. Edited by Maxima J.
Acelajado. Philippines: Department of Education. REX Books Store Inc. 2015.
Dugopolski, Mark. Algebra for College Students. 4th Ed. New York: McGraw- Hill
Companies. 2006.
Talamayan, Cecil Lelis and Binarao, Crizaldy P. College Algebra. Philippines: Grandwater
Publications. 2002.
B. Electronic Sources
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For inquiries or feedback, please write:
C. Electronic Sources
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