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    Rate of Chemical Reaction: The Iodination of Acetone

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    Faisal Mumtaz
    [1] The experiment measured the rate of reaction between iodine and acetone at different concentrations and temperatures to determine the reaction order and activation energy. [2] The reaction was found to be second order overall and zero order with respect to iodine concentration. The activation energy was calculated to be 79.78 x 10^3 J/mol. [3] Sources of error included adding iodine at the start of mixtures and potential inaccuracies in measuring reaction times.

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    Rate of Chemical Reaction: The Iodination of Acetone

    Uploaded by

    Faisal Mumtaz
    36 views7 pages
    [1] The experiment measured the rate of reaction between iodine and acetone at different concentrations and temperatures to determine the reaction order and activation energy. [2] The reaction was found to be second order overall and zero order with respect to iodine concentration. The activation energy was calculated to be 79.78 x 10^3 J/mol. [3] Sources of error included adding iodine at the start of mixtures and potential inaccuracies in measuring reaction times.

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    CHemy -7

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    CHemy -7

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    [1] The experiment measured the rate of reaction between iodine and acetone at different concentrations and temperatures to determine the reaction order and activation energy. [2] The reaction was found to be second order overall and zero order with respect to iodine concentration. The activation energy was calculated to be 79.78 x 10^3 J/mol. [3] Sources of error included adding iodine at the start of mixtures and potential inaccuracies in measuring reaction times.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    36 views7 pages

    Rate of Chemical Reaction: The Iodination of Acetone

    Uploaded by

    Faisal Mumtaz
    [1] The experiment measured the rate of reaction between iodine and acetone at different concentrations and temperatures to determine the reaction order and activation energy. [2] The reaction was found to be second order overall and zero order with respect to iodine concentration. The activation energy was calculated to be 79.78 x 10^3 J/mol. [3] Sources of error included adding iodine at the start of mixtures and potential inaccuracies in measuring reaction times.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    Name: Lujain Mohammed Alsyouf

    ID: 20100429
    Section: 1
    Course: 2
    Experiment: 7

    Rate Of Chemical"
    Reaction: The Iodination
    "Of Acetone
    :Aim
    To measure the effect of concentration upon the rate of the reaction of iodine
    with acetone; to determine the order of the reaction with respect to reactant
    concentrations; to obtain the rate law for the chemical reaction; and to
    .calculate the activation energy for the reaction

    :Results, calculations and discussion


    I- Reaction Rate Data

    Temp.
    Volume / mL
    / oC Time
    st
    Average 2
    nd 1 0.0050 M 1.0 M 4.0 Mixture
    H2O
    time / s run M I2 HCl acetone
    run

    20 10 10 10 1

    10 10 10 20 2

    10 10 20 10 3

    25 5 10 10 4

    Rate = [I2]o / ave. time


    o] 2 [
    I ]+H[ ]acetone[ Mixture
    (mol/L.s)

    M 0.0010 M 0.20 M 0.80 1

    4
    II- Reaction Orders (show your work)

    1) with respect to acetone:

    m = _________ ≈ _______

    2) with respect to H+:

    n = _________ ≈ _______

    3) with respect to I2:

    p = _________ ≈ _______

    Overall order of reaction: ________


    III- Rate Constant

    Mixture 1 2 3 4 Average
    k

    units

    Show calculation for k for an exemplary mixture

    IV- Activation Energy

    Reaction mixture used _______

    Aver. Rate /
    Temp. / oC k ln k 1 / T(K)
    time / s (mole/L.s)

    room temp. (a) (b) (c) (d)

    (a), (b) & (c): from part I


    (d): average k from part III

    Slope of plot of ln k vs. 1/T =


    units

    Ea =
    units
    1\T (K)
    0
    0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    -2

    -4

    -6
    lnK

    -8

    -10

    -12

    -14

    lnK vs 1/T

    :Points to discuss

    1. When: aA + bB → Products

    The rate can be expressed by the equation:

    Rate = k [A]m [B]n

    Where m and n are the order of the reaction with respect to A and B, K is the
    rate constant, A] and [B] are the concentration of A and B (ordinarily in mol/L).

    2. Chemical reactions in solution depend upon:

    1- The nature of the reactants


    2- The concentration of the reactants
    3- The temperature
    4- The presence of catalysts

    The rate of the reaction increase with an increase in the concentration of any
    reactant, it also increases with the increase of the temperature and in some
    cases it increase with the addition of the suitable catalyst.

    :We use iodine in this experiment .3

    It has a brown color, so that one can readily follow changes in iodine *
    .concentration visually
    A second and very important characteristic of this reaction is that it turns *
    out to be zero order in I2 concentration, this means that the rate of the
    . reaction does not depend on [I2] at all no matter what the value of [I2]

    O O

    H3C C CH3 (aq) + I2 (aq) ⃗


    H +
    H3C C CH2I (aq) + I‾ (aq)
    [3]

    Rate = k [acetone]m [H+]n [I2]p

    To find the value of the order reaction we should, in a reaction Mixture II, .4
    double the initial concentration of acetone over that in Mixture I, keeping [H +]
    and [I2] at the same values in both mixtures, then the rate of Mixture II would,
    :according to equation

    Rate II = k [2A]m [H+]n [I2]0

    Rate I = k [A]m [H+]n [I2]0

    Dividing the first equation by the second, we obtain simply:

    Rate II / Rate I= 2m

    5. The minimum amount of energy present at the time the reactants collide in
    the reaction is called the activation energy Ea , and we can find it by using
    different temperatures. Ea can be written as:
    Ea
    TR – ln k = ln A

    :Errors and sources of errors

    Errors in this experiment can refer to adding the iodine at the beginning of
    preparing the mixtures which is wrong because the iodine has a relation with
    time. Also we should do the reaction under suitable degrees of temperature
    to make sure we got the correct value of the activation energy. Errors can also
    refer to getting the wrong values of time because of the wrong preparation or
    .mixing, and moreover errors may refer to the calculations

    :Conclusion
    As a conclusion we could understand the effect of concentration, and we
    could determine the overall order of the reaction which is equal = 2 ,by
    changing the concentrations of the reagents, we also determined the value of
    Ea by using different temperatures 5, 24 and 26 Co and it is equal to=
    +79.78 x 10^3J/ mol

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