CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

Module Code & Module Title

CC4057NI Introduction to Information Systems

Assessment Weightage & Type

30% Individual Coursework

Year and Semester

2019-20 Autumn

Student Name: Anuj Singh Thapa

Group: L1N2
London Met ID:
College ID: NP01NT4A190090
Assignment Due Date:
Assignment Submission Date:

I confirm that I understand my coursework needs to be submitted online via Google Classroom under the
relevant module page before the deadline in order for my assignment to be accepted and marked. I am
fully aware that late submissions will be treated as non-submission and a marks of zero will be awarded.

Anuj Singh Thapa

CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

Contents
1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 4
1.2 Components.............................................................................................................4
1.3 Importance................................................................................................................5
2.1 Database............................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Database Management System...............................................................................7
2.3 Importance and Roles in Organization.....................................................................7
3.1 Introduction about database...................................................................................................9
3.2 Entity.........................................................................................................................9
3.3 Attributes...................................................................................................................9
3.4 Primary Key............................................................................................................10
3.5 Foreign Key............................................................................................................11
4.1 Table with Dummy Data.......................................................................................................11
4.2 Entity Relation Diagram..........................................................................................13
5.1 Essay................................................................................................................................... 14
Bibliography............................................................................................................................... 17
CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

List of Figures
Figure 1: Database............................................................................................................5
Figure 2: Entity Relation Diagram....................................................................................12

List of Tables
Table 1: Cell Table............................................................................................................10
Table 2: Visitor Table........................................................................................................11
Table 3: Prisoner Table....................................................................................................11
Table 4: Officer Table.......................................................................................................11
Table 5: Case Table.........................................................................................................11
Table 6: Visit Table...........................................................................................................12
CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

1. What is an Information System? Write down your understandings.

Give suitable examples where required.

1.1 Introduction
Information System is the organized collection and management of information. It
generally collects, organizes, stores and distributes the information required by the
organization. It also refers to the collection of multiple pieces of equipment involved in
the dissemination of information. Many organizations depend upon information systems
to carry out and manage their operations, interact with their customers and suppliers,
and compete in the marketplace.

1.2 Components
The major components of Information System include:

 Hardware
It consists of all those physical things like input and output devices, medias, wires and it
major task is to input data and get output results. The size of an organization greatly
influence its hardware resources.

 Software
It is used for the management of hardware devices and other system resources. It is
generally used to analyze and process raw facts and figures into meaningful
information.

 Network
It connects the computer system which might be either wired or wireless. It helps in the
flow of information in an organization. It includes both physical devices like router,
switch, hub etc. and software like web browsers, DNS and many more.

 Database

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CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

Its main task is to store data in an organized and systematic form. It is quite easy to
retrieve information through database and DBMS is generally used to manage the
database.

 Human resources
They are one of the vital components of Information System who helps ta run and
manage the overall system. They are the end users and the whole concept of
Information System is to benefit the end users.

1.3 Importance
Information System is used by all enterprises from small store to huge companies. First
of all, it helps in the management of daily operation in an organization which make it
easy and relatively faster in decision making processes. Similarly, by increased
customer interactions between the enterprises because of Information System, it also
improves in the productivity and gaining upper hands in this competitive business era.

The communication has also been made a lot easier because of Information System.
People can simply exchange email between them which is very reliable and less time
consuming as well. This has really helped in many business organizations. For e.g. : if
certain employee had to give a very important files to their colleagues or boss and is not
able to personally submit to them then he/she can simply send it via email. Likewise, it
is not possible to write down each and every record in book and there is also the
question of the sustainability of those recorded files but if it were simply recorded in
computers then it has much longer lifespan as well as compatible than those recorded
in books.

The Information System has also become an integral part in today’s society because of
its efficient data storing capacity as all of the transactions, products details, sales and
stocks are stored within the system due to which we can easily identify the upcoming
problems and tackle it in time whether it be the restock of the nearly out of stock
products or the establishment of new branches of any enterprises by looking at those
previous stored data as a references.
CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

For instance, different organization uses information systems to process financial

accounts, to manage their human resources, and to reach their potential customers with
online promotions. There are many major enterprises that are built entirely around
information systems. These include eBay, a largely auction marketplace; Amazon, an
expanding electronic mall and provider of cloud computing services; Alibaba, a
business-to-business e-marketplace; and Google, a search engine company that
derives most of its revenue from keyword advertising on Internet searches.[ CITATION
Vla \l 1033 ]

2. What are databases? What is the role of a database in an

organization? Write down your understandings with suitable
examples where required.

2.1 Database
Database is an organized and systematic collection of data through which data can be
easily retrieved. It can also be defined as the collection of tables. It is very easy to
manage the data in database as well because it allows concurrency and also provides
security and removes redundancy. Similarly, database supports multiple views of data
and multi-user environment that allows multiple user to access and manipulate data at a
same time.

Anuj Singh Thapa

CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

2.2 Database Management System

Figure 1: Database

A database management system (DBMS) is a software system that allows access to

data contained in a database. The objective of the DBMS is to provide a convenient and
effective method of defining, storing and retrieving the information contained in the
database. The DBMS interfaces with the application programs, so that the data
contained in the database can be used by multiple applications and users. In addition,
the DBMS exerts centralized control of the database, prevents fraudulent or
unauthorized users from accessing the data, and ensures the privacy of the data.
[ CITATION Gun03 \l 1033 ]

2.3 Importance and Roles in Organization

Nowadays, database is widely used in any organizations rather than file management
system. File System basically stores data in a plain text files. There are many
advantages of using database management system over file system as in file system,
there is no control over multi-user access to data while database does, Similarly,

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CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

database provide a rich query set to manipulate it’s content and has a proper indexing
system.

One organization might not only have a single but many databases. For eg: in an
educational institutions, they have the database of students, employees, departments
and many more. In their context, the database is used to sort out students and
employees by giving different conditions. Salaries and admission fees are also
managed through it. Similarly, in case of department stores, they use database to keep
in check about their product so that they could quickly resupply those things that might
run out soon in the future.

Therefore, database is very important in any organizations as it is more time consuming

to do task manually. They also provide an efficient way to handle multiple data and data
can be categorized and structured to suit the needs of the organization as it is entered
into the system and accessed on a routine basis by assigned users which make the
task effortless and smooth.[ CITATION Tea16 \l 1033 ]

3. Select an organization of your choice and design a database for it.

Explain your database design:

a. What is the database about?

b. What each entity (table) represents?

c. What each attribute (column) represents? What kind data do they

store?

d. Which attributes (columns) are the primary keys and what are the
reasons for selecting them?

e. Which attributes (columns) are the foreign keys and how do they
form the relationships between tables?

Anuj Singh Thapa

CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

3.1 Introduction about database

The database is about the Prison where there is the record of prisoner, ward, visitor,
case and the officer.

3.2 Entity
Entities are the tables of the database and in the Prison Database the entities are:

 Cell
 Visitor
 Prisoner
 Visit
 Officer
 Case

3.3 Attributes
In entity, there are many column which is basically known as attributes.
Some of the attributes along with their data type of different entities are:
 Cell
 Cell_Num : INT
 PrisonerCount

 Visitor
 VisitorId : VARCHAR(10)
 Name : VARCHAR(50)
 Address : VARCHAR(50)

 Prisoner
 PrisonerId : VARCHAR(50)
 Cell_Num : INT

Anuj Singh Thapa

CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

 Name : VARCHAR(50)
 Captured_Date : DATE

 Visit
 VisitorId : VARCHAR(10)
 PrisonerId : VARCHAR(10)
 Time : TIME

 Officer
 OfficerId : VARCHAR(10)
 Name : VARCHAR(50)
 Title : VARCHAR(50)
 Age : INT

 Case
 SN : INT
 PrisonerId : VARCHAR(10)
 OfficerId : VARCHAR(10)

3.4 Primary Key

The primary key of for each case are:

 Cell : Cell_Num
 Visitor : VisitorId
 Prisoner : PrisonerId
 Officer : OfficerId
 Case : SN

They are assigned as primary key for each entity because each of their values are
unique to each other and it also ensures row-level accessibility.
CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

3.5 Foreign Key

Foreign keys in above entities are:

 The Visit : PrisonerId

VisitorId
 Case : OfficerId
 Prisoner : Cell_Num

They are selected as foreign key because Cell_Num, VisitorId, PrisonerId and OfficerId
are primary key of Cell, Visitor, Prisoner and Officer Table respectively with the same
data type. It also help to link or create a relationship between two tables.

4. Present the above designed database in the form of tables with

some dummy data. Also draw an entity-relationship diagram (ERD) for
the database.

4.1 Table with Dummy Data

Cell_Num PrisonerCount
1 548
2 210
3 652
4 98
Table 1: Cell Table

VisitorId Name Address

CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

55245 Sarthak Raymajhi Boskan

4869 Kamal Chhetri Kathyork
20012 Joe Swift Californiyajung
68417 Sakura Honjo Tokyo Angeles
Table 2: Visitor Table

PrisonerId VisitorId Cell_Num Name Captured_Date

54798A 4869 2 Kamal Khatri 2000-12-25
66952A 78956 5 Katsuki Miyo 2014-01-05
69690E 68417 1 May Smith 1999-08-11
84588C 44567 4 Musafa Maul 2011-11-11
Table 3: Prisoner Table

OfficerId Name Title Age

A55585 Kaneki Ken Detective Inspector 21
A78955 Aria Bose Detective Inspector 33
F7654 Jeremy Misa Assistant Chief 48
Constable
Table 4: Officer Table

SN PrisonerId OfficerId
1 1022A B2345
2 54778B F7654
98765 89654G C65433
690 66952A A55585
Table 5: Case Table
CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

VisitorId PrisonerId Time

4869 84588C 8:00 AM
98765 10098F 12:55 PM
45321 66952A 3:30 PM
55245 66952A 10:00 AM
Table 6: Visit Table

4.2 Entity Relation Diagram

Figure 2: Entity Relation Diagram

CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

5. Write a personal reflection (max. 800 words) of the learning process

up to the moment.

5.1 Essay
“College is nothing like schools and high schools. It will be very different from what you
expect, so try to work hard as your career depends on it else you would be left behind.”
These are the words what all students are told by their parents and to be honest my
parents told me the same.

Honestly, I have not done any sort of preparation before starting this module. As I took a
year gap, my sister had suggested me to take some classes regarding programming
and stuffs but I didn’t. Likewise, after being admitted to this college there was still like a
couple months available before starting a semester but all I did was stay at home just
sleeping, watching Netflix and stuffs and yes, games. So, I didn’t thought to prepare
anything not only about this module but as a whole.

As I started my college life and became more familiar with subjects, I thought this
module, CC4057NA, Introduction to Information System to be the easiest of all as what I
believed that all we have to read in this subjects is about the basic introduction about
the computer components and their functions like input-output and things which seems
that I was wrong. In fact we need to study a lot advanced from what I have imagined like
ERD and database and stuffs. In general, I don’t have any sort of expectation but if I
have to think about it then-maybe to be able to understand all the topic that are taught
to me and if I would be able to implement and use it in my day to day activity would
what I expect from this module.

In the present context, I am not sure about whether I am able to meet those expectation
or not but what I can say is that I know much more about database and information
system as a whole than that of yesterday or a months ago.

Yes, indeed college life is really different from high school.

I personally hoped that in first semester, among all 4 subjects this might be the easiest
of all and didn’t even dare to revise any of the topic taught to me at home as I believed
CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

that I would easily score good grades in this module. Then I realized I was utterly
mistaken when I saw the 1st coursework. I found it to be quite hard to answer all those
questions. However, I’m not entirely sure whether I found it difficult because it is our first
coursework or something was lacking from my side.

As stated by Marie Lu, “Tomorrow, I will take on all of these things. I will be
unstoppable.” I also tried to do the same but unfortunately laziness emerged victory in
my attempt to study. I didn’t even dare to revise the things that are taught to me in home
as I was just busy playing games and using mobile phones. I believed that it will be
quite easy to score good grades but now I guess I kind of realized what working hard
really is and what it takes to earn good grades.

I had been staying committed to assignment despite all the distractions and difficulties.
Moreover, I’d been practicing “honesty as my policy” to meet the requirements. Getting
things done is certainly beyond making plans. Hence, managing the tasks/requirement
honestly was time consuming and nerve wrecking sometimes but I’ve worked hard and
worked the best out me. Honestly, the most difficult part about this assignment was
having to invest a lot of time for a single entity relation diagram to get a perfect relation
between them with no error. As for now, enough practices, revisions and most
importantly the consistency is all I need to get the most out of this module.

To sum up, this module and the assignment had helped me reflect on my working
pattern as a student and that giving up all the comfort was actually worthy, eventually
making a lot of positive impact on myself as well.
CC4057NA Introduction to Information System

Bibliography

Anon., n.d. Technopedia. [Online]

Available at: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/24142/information-system-is
Gunjal, B., December 2003. Rourkela, s.n.
Manomaya, T., 2016. Manomaya. [Online]
Available at: https://www.manomayasoft.com/blog/item/210-what-is-the-importance-of-
a-database-management-system
[Accessed 21 December 2016].
Zwass, V., n.d. Britannica. [Online]
Available at: https://www.britannica.com/technology/information-retrieval