Introduction to

weighfeeder set-up
and commissioning

© Siemens AG 2011
Typical weighfeeder system

Remote
4-20 mA 4-20 mA
set point Rate

Remote output
Pulsed
totalizer

5 Programmable
Can be cascaded for
relays
proportional blending
Speed sensor operations.
Motor VFD
or 4-20 mA
SCR
(PID)
Load cells SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 2 1/26/2012
Weighfeeder components

Load cells, speed sensor and endless belt

Tensioning device
Belt scraper, electric motor and speed reducer
VFD or SCR motor speed controller
Integrator with optional PID controller
Safety devices such as pull switches, guards and belt tracking switches
Structural steel frame
Head-tail pulleys

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 3 1/26/2012
Weighfeeder components side view

Inlet/Material Shear Gate Load cell

Skirt Boards
Screw Outlet
take up

Flange
Bearing

Pillow Head Pulley

Block
Idlers Supports
Bearing Scraper

Tail
Pulley

Options not shown: Return Plow

Tracking Switches

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
Weighfeeder components front view

Belt

Belt Removal

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
Sitrans WW100

Sitrans WW100 is a compact, low to medium duty,

solids weighfeeder, ideal for food, pharmaceutical,
water treatment, tobacco, recycling and mineral
processing industries

Suited for virtually all industries, the WW100 is

durable and virtually maintenance free. Simple and
rugged design minimize product build up areas and
maximize conveyor strength and rigidity

Combined with a Milltronics BW100, BW500 Integrator or SIWAREX FTC, the WW100
controls the rate of material flow into a process.
SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 6 1/26/2012
Sitrans WW100 - Accurate, durable, low maintenance

Measuring principle: Strain gauge load cell and digital

speed sensor
Typical application: Control and monitor feed rates
and blending in cereals, seeds,
lime slaking, or minerals
Measuring accuracy
Accuracy: ± 0.25 ... 0.5%
Specified range: • 10 ... 100% based on load
• Up to 3 ... 100% based on speed
Design rate range: 45kg/h ... 18 t/h (100lbs/h ... 20 STPH)
Application conditions
Operating temperature: -10 ... +40 °C (+14 ... +104 °F)
Material temperature: -10 ... +77 °C (+14 ... +170 °F)
Maximum particle size: 40 mm (1.5”)
Maximum bulk density: 1600 kg/m^3 (100 lbs/ft^3)
Incline: • ± 2° from horizontal, fixed incline
• Up to ± 10° with reduced
accuracy
SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 7 1/26/2012
Sitrans WW100 - Accurate, durable, low maintenance

Drive motor • 0.24 kW (0.32 hp) drive motor

with direct coupled flange mounted
gear reducer 45.6 Nm (in.lbs), 2.1
service factor min. AC standard
motor avail on open style units.

Shipping weight 91 kg (200 lbs), open style

181 kg (400 lbs), enclosed style
Approvals CE, C-Tick, Meets USDA and FDA
requirements for food processing SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 8 1/26/2012
Sitrans WW100 features

WW100 design features

Standard clean and dirty side adjustable belt cleaners

Optional dirty side belt cleaning brush for dusty environments

1 gearmotor option for all applications, makes re-rating and ordering fast and easy

Cantilevered frame and inlet/skirtboards for changing belt in less than 5 minutes

Gravity tensioned belt tensioner for constant tension and accurate weighing

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 9 1/26/2012
Slide 9

z1 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
Sitrans WW100 features

Belt side guide rollers for constant belt tracking

Loadcell adjustment mounts for precision alignment and

maintenance

Tail pulley driven for optimum belt tension for weighing

CLS100 plugged discharge chute switch for alarming

Food grade fabrication and components for wash down

applications

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 10 1/26/2012
Slide 10

z2 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
Sitrans WW100 features

Dust tight enclosure for harsh environments

Minimized product build up areas and flat surfaces

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 11 1/26/2012
Slide 11

z3 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
Sitrans WW100 typical applications

WW100 monitoring rate of pumpkin seeds in food production.

capacity 1 t/h
bulk density 500 kg/m³
Snack food production

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 12 1/26/2012
Slide 12

z4 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
Sitrans WW100 typical applications

WW100 controlling feed rate of lime in a water treatment facility.

capacity 4000 lbs./h

bulk density 55 lbs./ft³
municipal water treatment plant

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 13 1/26/2012
Slide 13

z5 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
Sitrans WW100 typical applications

WW100 controlling feed rate of perlite in a limestone plant.

capacity 2 t/h
bulk density 1.3 t/m³
mounted in a hanging position

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 14 1/26/2012
Slide 14

z6 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
Sitrans WW100 typical applications

WW100 mixing berries in a commercial bakery.

food grade wash down duty

very low feed rate
2 units mixing together

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 15 1/26/2012
Slide 15

z7 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
Sitrans WW100

Sitrans WW100 is suitable for

virtually all industries:

Key areas of application

water/waste water
pharmaceutical
recycling plants
tobacco industry
food processing

The Sitrans WW100 offers:

Compact, rugged design
corrosion resistant components that are robust, virtually
maintenance-free
suitability for aggressive environments and dusty applications
SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 16 1/26/2012
Sitrans WW200

Sitrans WW200 is a low to medium duty, solids

weighfeeder, ideal for food, chemical, water
treatment, tobacco, recycling and mineral
processing industries

Suited for virtually all industries, the WW200 is

durable and virtually maintenance free. Simple and
rugged design minimize product build up areas and
maximize conveyor strength and rigidity

Combined with a Milltronics BW100, BW500 Integrator or SIWAREX FTC, the WW200
controls the rate of material flow into a process.
SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 17 1/26/2012
Sitrans WW200 - Accurate, durable, low maintenance

Measuring principle: Strain gauge load cells and digital

speed sensor
Typical application: Control and monitor feed rates
and blending in bread, tobacco,
lime slaking, or minerals
Measuring accuracy
Accuracy: ± 0.5%
Specified range: • 10 ... 100% based on load
• Up to 3 ... 100% based on speed
Design rate range: 45kg/h ... 36 t/h (100lbs/h ... 40 STPH)
Application conditions
Operating temperature: -10 ... +40 °C (+14 ... +104 °F)
Material temperature: -10 ... +77 °C (+14 ... +170 °F)
Maximum particle size: 51 mm (2”)
Maximum bulk density: 1600 kg/m^3 (100 lbs/ft^3)
Incline: • ± 2° from horizontal, fixed incline
• Up to ± 10° with reduced
accuracy
SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 18 1/26/2012
Sitrans WW200 features

Dust tight enclosure for harsh environments

Quick release latches for inspection and maintenance

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 19 1/26/2012
Slide 19

z8 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
SITRANS WW200 typical applications

14 SITRANS WW200 controlling feed rate of animal feed

Capacity 40 MTPH
Bulk density 400 kg/m3
Animal feed production

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 20 1/26/2012
Slide 20

z9 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
SITRANS WW200 typical applications

SITRANS WW200 controlling feed rate of soda

Capacity 6 MTPH
Bulk density 500 kg/m3
Detergent product line

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 21 1/26/2012
Slide 21

z10 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
SITRANS WW200 typical applications

SITRANS WW200 controlling feed rate ingredients in bread production

Stainless steel frame and contact points

Shearing flour out of a storage bin

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 22 1/26/2012
Slide 22

z11 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
SITRANS WW200 typical applications

SITRANS WW200 feeding frozen shrimp

Food grade wash down duty

Intralox style belt

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 23 1/26/2012
Slide 23

z12 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
SITRANS WW200
SITRANS WW200 is suitable for
virtually all industries:

Key areas of application

water/waste water
chemical
recycling plants
tobacco industry
food processing

The SITRANS WW200 offers:

Compact, rugged design
corrosion resistant components that are robust, virtually
maintenance-free
suitability for aggressive environments and dusty applications
SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 24 1/26/2012
SITRANS WW300

Sitrans WW300 is a medium to heavy duty, solids

weighfeeder, ideal for mining, aggregate, power
generation, steel, cement and mineral processing
industries

Suited for virtually all industries, the WW300 is

durable and virtually maintenance free. Simple and
rugged design maximize the use of raw materials,
conveyor strength and rigidity SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 25 1/26/2012
SITRANS WW300 - Accurate, durable, low maintenance

Measuring principle: Strain gauge load cells and digital

speed sensor
Typical application: Control and monitor feed rates
and blending in cement, steel
production, cement back fill or
minerals
Measuring accuracy
Accuracy: ± 0.5%
Specified range: • 10 ... 100% based on load
• Up to 3 ... 100% based on speed
Design rate range: 1 … 800 tph [1 … 880 MTPH]
Application conditions
Operating temperature: -10 ... +40 °C (+14 ... +104 °F)
Material temperature: -10 ... +107 °C (+14 ... +225 °F)
Maximum particle size: 152 mm (6”)
Maximum bulk density: 4000 kg/m^3 (250 lbs/ft^3)
Incline: • ± 2° from horizontal, fixed incline
• Up to ± 10° with reduced
accuracy SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 26 1/26/2012
SITRANS WW300 features

WW300 design features

Standard clean and dirty side adjustable belt cleaners

Cantilevered frame and inlet/skirtboards for changing belt in less than
30 minutes
Gravity tensioned belt tracker for constant tension and belt steering
Dynamically linked load cells to ensure proper alignment and accuracy
Crowned pulleys for positive belt tracking
Loadcell block adjustment screws for precision alignment and
maintenance
Patented uni-body mechanical design

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 27 1/26/2012
Slide 27

z13 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
SITRANS WW300 calibration

Test weight arm is stored inside frame when not in use.

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 28 1/26/2012
SITRANS WW300 typical applications
SITRANS WW300 controlling feed rate of aggregate

Capacity 25 TPH
Bulk density 96 lbs/ft3

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 29 1/26/2012
Slide 29

z14 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
SITRANS WW300 typical applications

SITRANS WW300 controlling production of cement

Capacity 40 TPH
Bulk density 75 lbs/ft3
Flyash, cement, CKD

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 30 1/26/2012
Slide 30

z15 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
SITRANS WW300 typical applications

SITRANS WW300 feeding controlled by rotary vane

Capacity 119 TPH
Bulk density 94 lbs/ft3
Clinker

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 31 1/26/2012
Slide 31

z16 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
SITRANS WW300 typical applications

3 SITRANS WW300 feeding aggregates

Clinker, Pozzolan, Gypsum

Drag chain clean out conveyors mounted below weighfeeders

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 32 1/26/2012
Slide 32

z17 is the t/h being converted to STPH? I think that t/h and TPH are the same... .this applies to the next applications examples as well.
z001xybs, 08/01/2008
SITRANS WW300

Sitrans WW300 is suitable for

virtually all industries:

Key areas of application

MAC
steel
power generation
pulp and paper
coal

The Sitrans WW300 offers:

patented, rugged design
corrosion resistant components that are robust, virtually
maintenance-free
suitability for aggressive environments and dusty applications
SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 33 1/26/2012
Specifying a weighfeeder

Design information required

material and bulk density
flow rate: min, max, and normal
particle size

Other important information

moisture content percent
material temperature
angle of repose and surcharge angle

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 34 1/26/2012
Weighfeeder
application data
sheet

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 35 1/26/2012
Standard load cells (400, 600 & 800 series)

Temperature compensated for

-10º – 40º C / 15º - 105ºF
Operating temperature range is
-40º – 70º C /-40º - 158ºF
Safe overload= 150% FS
Max overload= 200% FS
Wiring color code:
Positive Excitation Red
Negative Excitation Black Nickle Plated Alloy Steel
Positive Signal Green Single point load cell for
Negative Signal White Standard duty MUS
Shield Purple Weighbridge

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 36 1/26/2012
Load cells (optional)

Group 4 – HPS

Triple guided, hermetically sealed,

stainless steel point beam.

Designed for harsh environments.

Corrosion and leak resistant.

Wash down duty.

These cells are used on 400, 600 and 800 series weighfeeders and weighbelts.

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 37 1/26/2012
1200 series load cell (optional)

Temperature compensated for

-10º – 40º C / 15º - 105ºF
Operating temperature range is
-40º – 70º C /-40º - 158ºF
Safe overload= 150% FS
Max overload= 200% FS
Wiring color code: Nickel Plated Alloy Steel
Positive Excitation Red single point load cell for heavy
Negative Excitation Black duty MUS weighbridge.
Positive Signal Green
Negative Signal White
Shield Purple

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 38 1/26/2012
Speed sensors

Magnetic pickup
located between motor and reducer
wet or wash down applications

Optical encoder
attaches to tail or driven pulley
provides pulses in direct proportion to
speed of conveyor

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 39 1/26/2012
Belting options

General purpose multi-ply

Abrasion resistant
Oil resistant
High temperature, up to 450 °F
Hot asphalt
Food grade
Specialty compounds

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 40 1/26/2012
Tensioning devices

Gravity

Screw take up

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 41 1/26/2012
Load carrying devices

Idlers

Slider bars

Slider pan

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 42 1/26/2012
Shear gates weighfeeder pre feed

Sets material bed depth on belt

Profiles the material

Triangular Half Moon Flat

Most common

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 43 1/26/2012
Other devices

Belt scraper Belt plow

SC PI Training
Tracking switches Guide rollers © Siemens AG 2011
page 44 1/26/2012
Installation considerations

Generally install horizontally

Away or isolated from vibration

Solid support structure

Do not support auxiliary weight on weighfeeder (unless known during design)

Pre feed devices
Other structures

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 45 1/26/2012
Installation considerations

There needs to be enough access area, envelope work area

need to access for maintenance, etc.
belt removal/replacement

Appropriate pre feed device for the material

Monitor the material and ambient temperature to make certain it is within

design specifications.

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 46 1/26/2012
Application considerations

Material bed depth should be 2.5 to 3 times the maximum particle size.

Particle sizes below 200 mesh may need a pre feed device such as a rotary
air lock or auger.

Large particle sizes over 6 to 8 inches require careful evaluation of the

application.

Examine closely those applications with high material temperatures.

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 47 1/26/2012
Applications not appropriate for weighfeeders

Very long lengths, generally over 25 feet inlet to discharge

Below 100 lbs/hour

Over 800 tons/hour

Accuracy better than 0.25 %

Small batch sizes/times

Weighing discrete items

Very large material size over 4 inches

Very large material size with very low flow rates

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 48 1/26/2012
Calibration and start up

All weighfeeders are pre-calibrated at the factory to the customer

supplied design specifications.

A series of zeros, spans and linearity tests are performed at the

factory to ensure consistent operation.

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 49 1/26/2012
Calibration and start up

Check for any obvious damage during installation or shipment

Ensure that all ancillary devices are installed

Gravity take up on Series 400
Belt scraper

With the belt empty, run the belt at full speed at least 30 minutes.

Switch the SCR/VFD drive to manual mode and dial in 100% percent speed.

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 50 1/26/2012
Calibration and start up

Monitor belt tracking

Make small adjustments to the telescoper take up as necessary (1/8 to 1/2

turns).
Belt tension should just be enough so that the belt does not slip on the drive
pulley.

Check and verify load cell and speed sensor outputs during initial run in period.

Perform routine zero and span calibration after the belt has run for at least 30
minutes.

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 51 1/26/2012
Calibration and start up

Setting the shear gate height

Loosen the shear gate clamping bolts just enough so that it can be moved,
but is still lightly clamped.

Run the belt at 100% speed while feeding material.

Monitor belt tracking and make any adjustments if necessary.

Make certain the material is feeding properly and unobstructed on to the

weighfeeder.

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 52 1/26/2012
Calibration and start up

Setting the shear gate height

Adjust the shear gate height so that the rate displayed on the BW500 is just
slightly greater than the maximum design rate.

The maximum design rate is from the data sheet.

The maximum design rate will usually correspond to a 20 mA signal from the
BW500 PID output.

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 53 1/26/2012
Calibration and start up

Material test

Need a reliable reference scale to weigh the material.

Zero the weighfeeder.
Be sure to have a continuous flow of material.
Make sure all the material is weighed on feeder.
A minimum of three belt revolutions or 5 minutes is recommended, whichever
is greater
Clear totalizer
Run the material across the weighfeeder

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 54 1/26/2012
Calibration and start Up

Material test

Record the BW500 total

Weigh the material on the reference scale and record this figure.
Use the following formula to calculate % error

BW500 total – weighed material

% error = x 100
weighed material

Use parameter 19 “manual span adjust” enter the error

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 55 1/26/2012
Maintenance guidelines

Weighfeeders, like belt scales, require some preventive maintenance.

Item Maintenance Frequency Comments

Weigh deck Remove material Weekly More frequently in
build up dirty environments
Belt tracking Visually inspect Daily
conveyor
Electronics Follow up Monthly According to
calibration manual
Calibration Verify belt zero Weekly According to
manual

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 56 1/26/2012
Maintenance guidelines

Item Maintenance Frequency Comments

Bearings Inspect and Every 10,000 Lube depends on
lubricate hours environment
Electric motor None NA Permanently sealed
bearings
Chain and Inspect and Monthly More frequently in
sprocket drive lubricate dirty environments
Gear reducer Check oil First 250 hrs, Follow
Replace then every manufacturer’s
periodically 2500 hrs recommendation

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 57 1/26/2012
Cleaning

Material spillage should be cleaned from areas where it would interfere with the
weighing action of the components

Weighfeeders used in sanitary or food production applications require frequent

cleaning

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 58 1/26/2012
Cleaning precautions

Care should be taken that the cleaning procedures do not result in damage to
the load cells or other system components
Use only low pressure water streams for cleaning
Keep personnel and heavy equipment off of the weighfeeder

After cleaning
Check all exposed signal wiring for breaks or damage
Check junction boxes for water encroachment

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 59 1/26/2012
Common problems and solutions

Material spillage
check skirt boards, install skirting or walled belting if needed
evaluate pre-feed device
verify correct belt loading, shear gate height

Material flow
blockage, plugging, or restriction - evaluate pre feed device, moisture
content of the material
uneven flow – pre-feed
flooding - use rotary airlock or auger as a pre-feed device

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 60 1/26/2012
Common problems and solutions

Belt not tracking properly

examine pulleys for material build up or excessive wear
check tensioning devices for proper adjustment
belting problem - worn, splice
verify correct material loading on the belt

Material sticks to the belt

check belt scraper and return belt plow
add additional belt cleaning device
check to make sure the material is compatible with the type of belting

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 61 1/26/2012
Common problems and solutions

Inaccurate weighing and feeding

improper calibration - zero, recalibrate and verify accuracy
establish repeatability to calibration weights and material tests

Shear gate set to wrong height

check feed rate at maximum belt speed

Idler alignment
use a metal straight edge to make certain the scale is properly aligned to
1/32”

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 62 1/26/2012
 Common problems and solutions

Improper maintenance
poorly greased bearings on the pulleys and rollers
restricted movement of the weigh bridge by material build up, material
wedging
belt tension set wrong

Application not for a weighfeeder

weighfeeder was moved to an unsuitable application within the plant
process conditions significantly changed

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 63 1/26/2012
 Troubleshooting and diagnosis

Zero drift, non-repeatability, non-linearity

Weigh deck alignment

Material build up on weigh section or pulleys

Belt not tracking properly

Load cell bolts loose

Speed sensor coupling, pulley, or idler slippage

Material wedging between the skirt boards and belt

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 64 1/26/2012
Troubleshooting and diagnosis

Zero drift, non-repeatability, non-linearity

Material build up between weigh deck and feeder (interferes with proper
deflection of the scale)

Load shipping bolts not removed

Gravity take up not moving freely on Series 400

Belt tension set too high

- should be just enough tension so that the belt does not slip

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 65 1/26/2012
Troubleshooting and diagnosis

Head or tail pulley too high or low, relative to idler/slider bed alignment.
Head and tail pulleys should be at least 1/8” lower than the approach and
retreat slider beds.

Electronics will not integrate.

Speed sensor coupling broken
Severed load cell or speed sensor wire
Defective speed sensor
Defective load cell

All of the same trouble shooting principles from the Belt Scales applies to
weighfeeders and weighbelts too.

SC PI Training
© Siemens AG 2011
page 66 1/26/2012
Introduction to
weighfeeder set-up
and commissioning

© Siemens AG 2011