Getting Started
Getting Started
Getting Started
started with CitNetExplorer version 1.0.0
March 10, 2014
Introduction
Introduction
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network • CitNetExplorer is a software tool for visualizing and analyzing
citation networks of scientific publications
• For non‐commercial research and teaching purposes,
CitNetExplorer is freely available at www.citnetexplorer.nl
Introduction
Introduction • This tutorial offers an introduction into CitNetExplorer
Web of Science • The citation network of all publications in the Journal of
Informetrics (JOI) in the period 2007–2013 is studied
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward • The analysis is based on data from Web of Science and focuses
on the topic of field‐normalized citation impact indicators
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Web of Science
Introduction We start by demonstrating how to download Web of
Web of Science Science data on all publications in JOI in the period
2007–2013
Open citation network
Visualization • Open a web browser and go to www.webofscience.com
Publication list • Change All Databases into Web of ScienceTM Core Collection
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Web of Science
Introduction • In the search field, choose Publication Name and enter ‘journal
of informetrics’
Web of Science
• Click Add Another Field, choose Year Published, and enter
Open citation network ‘2007‐2013’
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network • Click Search
Web of Science
Introduction • There turn out to be 420 publications in JOI in the period 2007–
2013
Web of Science
• To save the bibliographic data of these publications in a file,
Open citation network choose the Save to Other File Formats option
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Web of Science
Introduction • In the Send to File dialog box, select records 1 to 420
Web of Science • Choose the Full Record and Cited References option
• Choose the Tab‐delimited (Win) option. Alternatively, the Plain
Open citation network
Text option can be chosen as well
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
• Click Send. The bibliographic data is downloaded in a file called
Core publications
‘savedrecs.txt’. Change the name of the file into ‘JOI.txt’ and
Shortest/longest path save the file at a convenient location
Save citation network
Open citation network
Introduction We now show how to open the citation network of JOI
Web of Science publications in CitNetExplorer, and we introduce the
CitNetExplorer user interface
Open citation network
Visualization • If you have not yet done so, first download CitNetExplorer:
Publication list – Go to www.citnetexplorer.nl/download/
– Download the appropriate ZIP file for your system
Drill down
– Extract all files from the ZIP file and save the files at a convenient
Expand location
Back/forward • Launch CitNetExplorer:
Clustering – On Windows systems, run the Windows executable of
CitNetExplorer. On other systems, run the Java JAR file of
Core publications CitNetExplorer
Shortest/longest path – CitNetExplorer is launched and the Open Citation Network dialog
box appears
Save citation network
Open citation network
Introduction • In the Open Citation Network dialog box, select the Web of
Science file ‘JOI.txt’
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network • Uncheck Include non‐matching cited references. In this way,
publications in journals other than JOI that are cited by
publications in JOI are not included in the citation network
• Click OK. A visualization of the citation network of JOI
publications appears
Visualization
Introduction
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path Each circle represents a publication
Save citation network Publications are labeled by the last name of the first author
To avoid overlapping labels, some labels may not be
displayed
By default, only the 40 most frequently cited publications
are included in the visualization
Visualization
Introduction
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path The horizontal location of a publication is determined by its
Save citation network citations relations with other publications
The vertical location of a publication is determined by its
publication year
The curved lines represent citation relations
Citations point in upward direction. The cited publication is
always located above the citing publication
Visualization
Introduction
Web of Science
Open citation network The Current network panel shows
the number of publications and
Visualization the number of citation relations in
Publication list the citation network
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications When the mouse is moved over a
publication, some bibliographic
Shortest/longest path information is shown in the
Save citation network information panel
Visualization
Introduction
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path Use the mouse wheel or the right mouse button for
Save citation network zooming
Use the left mouse button for panning/scrolling
Alternatively, the navigation panel can be used
Publication list
Introduction • Go to the Publications tab
Web of Science • In the Author field, enter ‘van eck* OR waltman*’
• Click Search. There turn out to be 13 JOI publications by Van Eck
Open citation network
and/or Waltman
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Drill down
Introduction We now demonstrate the use of the drill down and
Web of Science expand functionality of CitNetExplorer to explore the
citation network of JOI publications on the topic of field‐
Open citation network normalized citation impact indicators
Visualization
Publication list • Go back to the Citation network tab
Drill down • In the Selection parameters panel, make sure that the Based on
marked publications option is chosen
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
• Also make sure that Add intermediate publications is checked
Drill down
Introduction • In the visualization, click ‘lundberg’ in 2007 and ‘radicchi’ in
2012. Both publications have now been marked
Web of Science
• Based on the current settings in the Selection parameters
Open citation network panel, a publication is selected if it is either a marked or an
Visualization intermediate publication
Publication list
Intermediate publications are publications located on a citation
Drill down path between two marked publications
Expand
• The Selection panel shows that there are 10 selected
Back/forward publications. There are 26 citation relations between these
Clustering publications
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Drill down
Introduction
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path Marked publications are represented by a square instead of
Save citation network a circle
Selected publications are indicated by a red border
Drill down
Introduction • Click to drill down to the subnetwork consisting of
the 10 selected publications
Web of Science
• The visualization is updated
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
• The Current network panel is updated as well
Expand
Introduction • Click . The Expand Current Network dialog box
appears
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward • Make sure that the Predecessors and successors option is
chosen
Clustering
Predecessors are publications cited by at least a certain
Core publications minimum number of publications in the current subnetwork
Shortest/longest path Successors are publications citing at least a certain
Save citation network minimum number of publications in the current subnetwork
• Set Min. number of citation links to 2
Expand
Introduction • Make sure that Max. distance is set to 1
Web of Science • Also make sure that Add intermediate publications is
unchecked
Open citation network
Visualization Intermediate publications are publications located on a citation
path between two predecessors/successors
Publication list
Drill down • Click OK to expand the current subnetwork
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Expand
Introduction • After the expansion, the current subnetwork
includes 36 publications
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Back/forward
Introduction We have shown the use of CitNetExplorer’s drill down
Web of Science and expand functionality to explore the citation network
of JOI publications on the topic of field‐normalized
Open citation network citation impact indicators. We now demonstrate an
Visualization alternative approach that uses CitNetExplorer’s
Publication list clustering and core publications functionality
Drill down
• Click to move back to the previous subnetwork. This is
Expand the subnetwork that includes 10 publications
Back/forward • Click again to move back another time. You now get back
Clustering to the original full network
• Click to unselect all selected publications and to
unmark all marked publications
Clustering
Introduction • Click Clustering in the Analysis menu
Web of Science
Open citation network
• In the Clustering dialog box, set the Resolution parameter to
Visualization 0.75. The values of the other parameters need not be changed
Publication list
Publications are clustered
Drill down based on their citation
Expand relations. Publications
assigned to the same cluster
Back/forward tend to be closely connected
Clustering to each other in the citation
network
Core publications The Resolution parameter
Shortest/longest path determines the level of detail
of the clustering. The higher
Save citation network the value of this parameter,
the larger the number of
clusters that will be obtained
• Click OK
Clustering
Introduction • 8 clusters of publications are identified and the visualization is
updated
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
The color of a publication indicates the group to which the
publication is assigned
Each group corresponds with one of the 8 clusters of
publications that have been identified
Clustering
Introduction • In the Selection parameters panel, choose the Based on groups
option
Web of Science
• Check Group 2 to select the 95 publications assigned to group 2
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering • Click to drill down to the subnetwork consisting of
these 95 publications
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Clustering
Introduction • After drilling down, the current subnetwork
includes 95 publications
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Core publications
Introduction • Click Core publications in the Analysis menu
Web of Science
Open citation network
• In the Core Publications dialog box, set the Minimum number
Visualization of citation links parameter to 4
Publication list
Core publications are
Drill down publications that have at least
Expand a certain minimum number of
citation relations with other
Back/forward core publications
Clustering Incoming and outgoing
citation relations are treated
Core publications identically
Shortest/longest path
• Click OK
Save citation network
Core publications
Introduction • There are 46 core publications. Each of these publications has
at least 4 citation relations with other core publications
Web of Science
• The core publications are assigned to group 9 and the
Open citation network visualization is updated
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Core publications
Introduction • In the Selection parameters panel, check Group 9 to select the
46 publications assigned to group 9
Web of Science
• Click to drill down to the subnetwork consisting of
Open citation network these 46 publications
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Shortest/longest path
Introduction We now demonstrate the use of the shortest/longest
Web of Science path functionality of CitNetExplorer. We focus on the
identification of the longest path between two
Open citation network publications. The shortest path can be identified in a
Visualization similar way
Publication list
• In the visualization, click ‘lundberg’ in 2007 and ‘leydesdorff’ in
Drill down 2013 to mark these two publications
Expand • Click Longest path in the Analysis menu
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
• In the Longest Path dialog box, click OK
Shortest/longest path
Introduction • Multiple longest paths of length 9 are identified. The
publications on these paths are assigned to group 10 and the
Web of Science
visualization is updated
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Shortest/longest path
Introduction • In the Selection parameters panel, check Group 10 to select the
11 publications assigned to group 10
Web of Science
• Click to drill down to the subnetwork consisting of
Open citation network these 11 publications
Visualization • Click Visualization options
Publication list • In the Visualization Options dialog box, check Transitive
Drill down reduction
Expand In the transitive reduction of a
citation network, citation
Back/forward relations are kept only if they
Clustering are necessary to preserve the
connectivity structure of the
Core publications network
Shortest/longest path Example: If A cites B and C
and if B cites C, the citation
Save citation network relation between A and C is
not included in the transitive
reduction, since A and C are
also connected through B
• Click Close
Shortest/longest path
Introduction • The visualization shows that there are two longest paths. The
two paths coincide almost completely
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
Save citation network
Introduction Finally, we show how to save a citation network and how
Web of Science to open it again
Open citation network
• Click twice to move back to the subnetwork that includes
Visualization 95 publications
Publication list • To save this subnetwork, click Current network in
Drill down the Save menu
Expand • In the Save Current Network dialog box, choose
‘publications.txt’ as the name of the publications file and
Back/forward ‘citations.txt’ as the name of the citations file
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
• Click OK
Save citation network
Introduction • Click to open the citation network again
Web of Science • In the Open Citation Network dialog box, go to the
CitNetExplorer tab
Open citation network
• Select the publications file ‘publications.txt’ and the citations
Visualization file ‘citations.txt’
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path
Save citation network
• Click OK
Save citation network
Introduction
Web of Science
Open citation network
Visualization
Publication list
Drill down
Expand
Back/forward
Clustering
Core publications
Shortest/longest path When saving a citation network and opening it again, the
selection of publications included in the visualization may
Save citation network
change. To avoid this, use external citation scores instead of
internal ones (see the Options dialog box)
When saving a citation network and opening it again, the
assignment of publications to groups is lost. Use Export
groups and Import groups in the Groups menu if you do
not want to lose this information