GENERALMATHEMATICS

GRADE 11Learning Module

2ND Semester Semi - Finals

“Mathematics Skills forLife”

Student’s Full Name: ________________________________________________________

Grade: ____________________________ Strand: _________________________________
Contact Number: ___________________________________________________________

Page 1 of 14
 3 Inverse Functions

The beauty of life is, while we cannot undo what is done, we can see it, understand it, learn from it and change so
that every moment is spent not in regret, guilt, fear or anger, but in wisdom, understanding and love.
– Anonymous –

Content Standard: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of inverse functions.
Performance Standard: apply the concepts of inverse functions, to formulate and solve real-life
problems with precision and accuracy.

What I am
expected to learn
In this lesson, you will be able to:
1. determine if a function is a one-to-one.
2. determine the inverse of a one-to-one function.
3. define domain and range of inverse function
4. find the domain and range of a given inverse function.
5. represent the domain and range using set builder notation.
6. solve problems involving inverse functions; and
7. evaluate inverse functions and interpret results.

Lesson 3.1 One to One Functions

Let us learn
together

Definition
One-to-One Functions
A function f is one-to-one if it never takes the same value twice or f ( x 1 ) ≠ f ( x 2 ) whenever x 1 ≠ x 2. That is, the
same y-value is never paired with two different x-values.

In the diagram below, function f is a one-to-one since not two inputs have a common output.

Figure 1. Diagram of a one-to-one function.

In the diagram below, function f is NOT a one-to-one since the inputs -1 and 0 have the same
output.

Figure 1. Diagram of a function that is not a one-to-one.

There are a lot of real-life applications of a one-to-one function. Determine whether the given
relation is a function. If it is a function, determine whether it is one-to-one.

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Example.
The relation pairing an SSS member to his or her SSS number.
Solution.
Each SSS member is assigned a unique SSS number. Thus, this relation is a function. Further, two
members cannot be assigned the same SSS number, therefore, the function is one-to-one.

Example.
The relation pairing a citizenship to a person.
Solution.
The relation is a function because each person has a citizenship. However, a person can have two
citizenship, (dual citizen) therefore, it is not one-to-one function.

Graph of a One-to-one Function

If f is a one-to-one function then no two points ( x 1 , x 2 ) , ( y 1 , y 1 ), have the same y-value. Therefore, no
horizontal line cuts the graph of the equation y=f (x ) more than once. Example. Compare the graphs of the
above functions

How to Determine if a Function is One-to-One

Horizontal Line test: A graph passes the Horizontal Line Test if each horizontal line cuts the graph at most
once.
A function f is one-to-one if and only if the graph y=f (x ) passes the horizontal Line test.

Figure 3. shows that the horizontal line test intersects more than one, while the other
horizontal line test intersect no more than one. It means that Figure 4 is an example of one-to-one
function.

What I
will do

Determine whether each of the following situations is a one-to-one function. Elaborate your
answer.
1. The relation of a person to his or her passport.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. True or False questions to answers.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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True or False. Write the word True if the statement is implies one – to – one function. Write the
word false if the statement does not imply one – to – one function.
1. Degree Fahrenheit to its equivalent degree Celsius measurement __________
2. Person to his/her citizenship __________
3. Fare to the distance travelled __________
4. Cellphone to its cellphone number __________
5. Length in meters to its length in inches. __________
6. Father to his first biological son. __________
7. ATM Card Number to account name __________
8. Person to his favorite music. __________
9. House to telephone number. __________
10 Brand name to pair of shoes. __________
.

Lesson 3.2 The Inverse of One-to-One Functions

Let us learn
together

Definition
The inverse of a function is a function with domain B and range A given that the original function has
domain A and range B.
This inverse function of function f is denoted by f −1. It is defined by the equation f −1 ( y ) =x if and only if
f (x)= y for any y in range B. Since both are functions, then a function has to be one-to-one for its inverse to be
a function at the same time. If it is a many-to-one function, its inverse is one-to-many which is not a function.

Example.
Given f(x) = 3x – 8, the inverse of a function may be solved intuitively.
Solution:
Steps In symbols
Step 1. The last operation performed is subtraction, the inverse operation of which is x +8
addition. To x, add 8.
Step 2. The second to the last operation performed is multiplication, the inverse x+ 8
operation of which is division. Divide x +8 by 3. 3
Step 3. Equate it to 𝑓−1(𝑥) to denote that it is the inverse function of f (x)=3 x – 8 . −1 x+ 8
f =
3

However, it is not that easy in some case. In later examples, you will understand what I mean by
saying that there is a more general method that may be followed.
To find the inverse of a one-to-one function, consider the following:
a. Express the function in the form y=f (x );
b. Interchange the x and y variables in the equation;
c. Solve for y in terms of x.

Example.
If it exists, solve for the inverse of g( x )=x 2 – 6 x – 7.
Solution.
Recognize that g( x ) is a quadratic function whose graph is a parabola opening upward. It fails the
horizontal line test because it has x-values which correspond to the same y-value. And since it is
not a one-to-one function, then its inverse is not a function. Simply put, it has no inverse function.
Alternate solution.
y=x 2 – 6 x – 7 Change g ( x ) to y

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 x= y 2 – 6 y – 7 interchange x and y
y 2−6 y =x+7 solve for y, APE
y 2−6 y + 9=x +7+9 solve for y, by completing the square, by APE
( y−3 )2=x+ 16 solve for y, by factoring
y−3=± √ x +16 solve for y, by getting the square root of both sides
y=± √ x+ 16+3 solve for y, by APE

Notice that for some values of x, there are two values of y. For instance, if x=1, y= √17+ 3 and
y= √17+ 3. Therefore, the inverse function of g(x) does not exist.
Example.
4 x +8
Find the inverse of the rational function h ( x )=
x−3
Solution.
4 x+ 8 change g(x) to y
y=
x−3
4 y+ 8 interchange x and y
x=
y−3
xy−3 x=4 y +8 solve for y, MPE
xy−4 y=3 x +8 solve for y, by APE
y ( x−4 )=3 x +8 solve for y, by factoring
3 x+ 8 solve for y, MPE
y= What I
x−4
will do
−1 3 x+8 the inverse function
h ( x )=
x−4

If it exists, solve for the inverse function of each of the following.

2 x +17
1. f ( x )=25 x−18 3. h ( x )=
3 x+1
−1 −1
f ( x )=¿ h ( x )=¿

2. g ( a ) =a2 +8 a−7
g−1 ( a ) =¿

Lesson 3.3 Domain and Range of Inverse Functions

Let us learn
together

Recall that a function has an inverse if and only if it is one-to-one and every one-to-one function
has a unique inverse function.
Below are the steps in solving for the inverse of a function:
a. Write the function in the form y=f(x); d. Replace y by f-1(x);
b. Interchange the x and y variables; e. Verify if f and f-1 are inverse functions.
c. Solve for y in terms of x;

Example. Find the inverse of f ( x )=3 x−8

Solution.
The equation of a function is y=3 x−8. Interchanging the x and y variables, we get x=3 y−8
x+ 8
Solving y for x: 3 y=x +8 ⟹ y= .
3
−1 x +8
Therefore, the inverse of f ( x )=3 x−8 is f ( x )= .
3
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To verify if f and f-1 are inverse functions:
x+ 8 ( 3 x−8 )+ 8
( )
f [ f −1 ( x ) ]=3
3
−8 f −1 [ f ( x ) ]=
3
f [ f −1 ( x ) ]=x+ 8−8 3 x
f −1 [ f ( x ) ] =
3
−1
f [ f −1 ( x ) ]=x f [ f ( x ) ]=x
Therefore, f −1 is the inverse of f .

Example. Find the inverse of f ( x )= √2 x+ 1.

Solution.
The equation of a function is y= √ 2 x+ 1. Interchanging the x and y variables, we get
2 x 2−1
x=√ 2 y+ 1. Solving y for x: x =2 y+ 1⟹ y= .
2
x 2−1
Therefore, the inverse of f ( x )= √ 2 x+ 1 is f −1 ( x )= .
What I 2
To verify if fwill
anddof-1 are inverse functions:
2
x 2−1 ( √ 2 x+1 ) −1
√(
f [ f ( x ) ]= 2
−1
2 ) +1

f [ f −1 ( x ) ]=√ x2
f −1
[ f ( x ) ]
f −1 [ f ( x ) ]=
=
2x
2

2
f [ f −1 ( x ) ]=x −1
f [ f ( x ) ]=x

Therefore, f −1 is the inverse of f .

A. Complete the table of each given function.

1. f ( x )=5 x +20
x -2 0 2 4 6
f (x)
x
2. f ( x )= −4
5
x 10 20 30 40 50
f (x)
B. Answer the following questions:
1. What can you say about the two given functions?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The outputs of the function f are the inputs to f −1, so the range of f is also the domain of f −1. Likewise,
2. Based
becausefrom the table
the inputs to f of
arevalues, describe
the outputs of f −1the
, thedomain and
domain of range
f is of theoffirst
the range f −1. function with respect
We can visualize the
to the domain
situation. and range of the other function.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Let us learn
together
To determine the domain and range of an inverse function:

This means that the domain of the inverse is the range of the original function and that the range of the
inverse is the domain of the original function.

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The domain of the original function is (2,3,5,10) and the range is (6,8,12,21). Therefore, the
domain of the inverse relation will be (6,8,12,21) and the range is (2,3,5,10).

Properties of an Inverse Function

If the f −1 inverse function exists,
1. f −1 is a one to one function, f is also one-to-one. 3. Range of f −1 = Domain of f
2. Domain of f −1 = Range of f

Example. Find the domain and range of f ( x )=3 x +12 and its inverse.
Solution.
Let y=3 x +12
Interchange x and y: x=3 y−12
x
Solve for y: 3 y=x−12 ⟹ y= −4
3
−1 x
Therefore, the inverse off ( x )=3 x +12 is f = −4
3
Determine the domain and range of f and f −1
f ( x )=3 x +12 x−12
f −1=
3
Domain: Df ={ x∨x ∈ R } Domain: Df ={ x∨x ∈ R }
Range: R f = { y ∨ y ∈ R } Range: Rf={ y ∨ y ∈ R }
To verify if f and f are inverse functions:
−1

x−12 ( 3 x +12 )−12

(
f [ f −1 ( x ) ]=3
3 ) +12 f −1 [ f ( x ) ]=
3
f [ f ( x ) ]=x−12+12
−1
−1 3 x
f [ f ( x ) ]=
3
−1
f [ f ( x ) ]=x
−1
f [ f ( x ) ]=x
Therefore, f is the inverse of f .
−1

Example. Find the domain and range of f ( x )= √ x +2 and its inverse.

Solution.
Let y= √ x +2
Interchange x and y: x=√ y +2
Solve for y: x 2= y +2 ⟹ y =x 2−2
Therefore, the inverse of f ( x )= √ x +2 is f −1 ( x )=x 2−2
Determine the domain and range of f and f −1
f ( x )= √ x +2 f −1 ( x )=x 2−2
Domain: D f ={ x∨x ≥−2 } Domain: Df ={ x∨x ∈ R }

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 Range: Rf = { y ∨ y ≥ 0} Range: R f = { y ∨ y ≥−2 }

Solve. DetermineLesson 3.4 Solving

the domain Real-life
and range of theProblems Involving
given function. Inverse
Then Functions
find its inverse and the domain
and range of its inverse.

f ( xus
Let )=2 x−1
learn f −1 ( x )=¿
Domain
together Domain
: :
Range: Range:

f ( x )= √1+ x f −1 ( x )=¿
Domain Domain
: :
Range: Range:

Steps in finding the inverse of a function is given below.

To find f −1 ( x ):
1. Replace f (x) with y.
2. Interchange x and y.
3. Solve for the new y from the equation in Step 2.
4. Replace the new y with f −1 ( x )if the inverse is a function
For better understanding, study the examples below and reflect on the different steps to solve
real-life problems involving inverse function.

Example.
5
To convert from degrees Fahrenheit to Kelvin, the function is k ( t )= (t – 32)+273.15, where t is
9
the temperature in Fahrenheit (Kelvin is the SI unit of temperature). Find the inverse function
converting the temperature in Kelvin to degrees Fahrenheit
Solution.
5
The equation of the function is: k ( t )= (t – 32)+273.15
9
We do not interchange the variables 𝑘 and 𝑡 because it refers to the temperatures in Kelvin and
Fahrenheit respectively.
Solve for t in terms of k:
5
Use the given formula: k ( t )= (t – 32)+273.15
What I 9
will5do Apply the Addition Property of Equality
k ( t )−273.15= (t – 32)
9
9 5 9 9
()
5 9 ()
k ( t )−273.15= (t – 32)
5
Multiply both sides by (Multiplicative Inverse)
5
9 Simplify
()
5
k ( t )−273.15=(t – 32)

9 Apply the Addition Property of Equality

()
5
( k −273.15 ) +32=t

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Therefore, the inverse function is t ( k )= ( 59 ) ( k−273.15 )+32where k is the temperature in Kelvin.
Example.
The SSG officers of Camohaguin National High School are planning for a JS Prom. The allocated
budget for decorations, sounds, and other miscellaneous expenses is ₱10,000.00 and an additional
₱150.00 for meal expenses for each guest. The organization received an amount of ₱40,000.00
from its external stakeholders.
a. Write the total allocated budget as a function of the number of guests.
b. Find the inverse of the function.
c. State the domain and range for this situation.
d. Find the possible number of guest for a budget of ₱40,000.00
Solution.
a.) Let 𝑥 be number of guest
f (x) be the allocated budget as a function of the number of guests. Thus,
𝑓(𝑥)=10000+150𝑥 b.) To find the inverse
y=10,000+ 150 x Write f (x) in terms of y
x=10,000+150 y Interchange x and y and solve for y
x – 10,000=150 y Apply the addition property of equality
1 1 Apply Multiplicative Inverse
( )150 ( )
( x – 10,000 )=150 y
150
x−10,000 Simplify
f −1 ( x )=
150
c.) Use the inverse of the function to find the domain and range of the situation.
x−10,000
f −1 ( x )=
150
−1 40,000−10,000
f ( 40,000 )=
150
−1
f 40,000 =200
( )
Domain: D f ={ x∨0 ≤ x ≤ 200 }, Range: R f = { y ∨0 ≤ y ≤ 40,000 }
d.) Therefore, for a budget of ₱40,000.00, two hundred (200) students may attend the JS prom.
If there are more than 200 students, the organization needs to think of other means to raise
additional funds for the prom.

Example.
A Google Play Music allows member to download songs for ₱203.40 pesos each after paying a
monthly service charge of ₱762.75. The total monthly cost C(x) of the service in peso is
C (x)=762.75+ 203.40 x, where x is the number of songs downloaded.
(a) Find the inverse function
(b) What do x and C−1 ( x) represent in the context of the inverse function?
(c) How many songs were downloaded if a member’s monthly bill is ₱3813.75?
Solution.
a.) Use the given equation to find the inverse of the function. C (x)=762.75+ 203.40 x
y=762.75+ 203.40 x Write C (x) in terms of y
x=762.75+203.40 y Interchange x and y and solve for y
x−762.75=203.40 y Apply the addition property of equality
1 1 Apply Multiplicative Inverse
(203.40 ) ( x−762.75 )=203.40 y (
203.40 )
x−762.75 Simplify
C−1 ( x )=
203.40
−1 x−762.75
Therefore, the inverse of the function is C ( x )=
203.40
b.) x is the total monthly cost of the service, and C−1 ( x) is the number of songs downloaded.
c.) 15 songs downloaded if a member’s monthly bill is ₱3,813.75

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Read each situation carefully to solve each problem.
1. The ABS CBN News reports foreign exchange rate are closed on March 13, 2020 at ₱51.25.
Therefore, the formula that gives Philippine Peso in terms of US dollars on that day is:
P ( D )=51.25 D
Where D represents US dollar and P represents Philippine Peso.
a.) Find the inverse of the function to determine the value of a United States dollar in terms of
Philippine Peso on March 13, 2020.

b.) Evaluate and interpret P ( 1000 ) and P−1 (1000).

2. The cost of producing laptops by a JOB Company is given by C (x)=1300 x +5500 (in pesos)
where x is the number of produced laptops.
a.) Find the inverse of the function.

b.) How many laptops will produce if the cost is ₱12,000.00?

What I
will do

Page 10 of 14
 How far I
have gone

A.) One to One Functions

Complete the statements below. Write your answers on the blanks provided in each item. Select
your answers on the box provided below.
1. ________________ is a set of ordered pairs in which no two ordered pairs that have the same first
component have different second components.
2. When working on the coordinate plane, a function is a one-to-one function when it will pass
the ________________ (to make it a function) and also a ________________ (to make it one-to-one).
3. Is the Function f:(m,3), (a,2), (t,9), (h,4) represents one-to-one functions? If yes, why?
________________
4. In a one-to-one function, given any y value, there is only one x that can be paired with the given
y. Such functions are also referred to as ________________.
Function One – to – one Range
No value of y is repeated Domain
B.) The Inverse of One-to-One Functions
Solve for the inverse function of each of the following.
12 x−1 x +10
1. g ( x )= 3. f ( x )=
7 9 x−1
−1 −1
g ( x )=¿ f ( x )=¿

−9 x 1
2. h ( x )= −
4 3
−1
h ( x )=¿

C.) Domain and Range of Inverse Functions

Complete the statements below. Write your answers on the blanks provided in each item. Select
your answers on the box provided below.
Remember that an inverse function is a ________________ function. Whereas, the ________________ of the
inverse function is the range of the one-to-one function and the ________________ of the inverse
function is the domain of the one-to-one function. To find the domain and range of an inverse
function, go back to the ________________ function and then ________________ the domain and range of
the original function.
Domain Original Range
Interchange One – to – one
D.) Solving Real-life Problems Involving Inverse Functions
Read each situation carefully to solve each problem.
9
1. The formula for converting Celsius to Fahrenheit is given by F= C +32 where C is the
5
temperature in degree Celsius and F is the temperature in degree Fahrenheit.
a.) Write the inverse of the function which converts temperature from degree Celsius to
degree Fahrenheit.

b.) Find the equivalent temperatures in degree Celsius of the following 40°F, 20°F

2. Juan is making a collage, and he planned to form a circle by putting together various pieces of
construction paper. Given the formula of the area of the circle A=π r 2 .
a.) Find the inverse of the area in terms of radius.

b.) Use the inverse to find the radius of a circle with an area of 48 c m2.

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 Let us
wind up

One-to-One Functions
A function f is one-to-one if it never takes the same value twice or f ( x 1 ) ≠ f ( x 2 ) whenever x 1 ≠ x 2. That
is, the same y-value is never paired with two different x-values.
How to Determine if a Function is One-to-One
Horizontal Line test: A graph passes the Horizontal Line Test if each horizontal line cuts the graph at
most once.
A function f is one-to-one if and only if the graph y=f (x ) passes the horizontal Line test.

The inverse of a function is a function with domain B and range A given that the original function has
domain A and range B.
This inverse function of function f is denoted by f −1. It is defined by the equation f −1 ( y ) =x if and
only if f (x)= y for any y in range B. Since both are functions, then a function has to be one-to-one for its
inverse to be a function at the same time. If it is a many-to-one function, its inverse is one-to-many which
is not a function.

The outputs of the function f are the inputs to f −1, so the range of f is also the domain of f −1.
Likewise, because the inputs to f are the outputs of f −1, the domain of f is the range of f −1. This means
that the domain of the inverse is the range of the original function and that the range of the inverse is the
domain of the original function.

Steps in finding the inverse of a function is given below.

To find f −1 ( x ):
1. Replace f (x) with y .
2. Interchange x and y .
3. Solve for the new y from the equation in Step 2.

Summative
Test

Multiple Choice. Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank provided before each number.
Each correct answer receives 1 point.
_____1. It is a rule that produces a correspondence between the elements of two sets: D
(domain) and R (range), such that to each element in D there corresponds one and
only one element in R.
a. Function c. Set
b. Relation d. Subset
_____2. A graph of a function can also be used to determine whether a function is one-to-one
using the _____________.
a. vertical line test c. t-test
b. horizontal line test d. z-test
_____3. Which of the following represents a one-to-one function?
a. Teacher to students c. Mother to her children
b. Student to their LRN d. Students to teacher
_____4. Which type of relation wherein every element in the domain is paired with exactly one
element in the range?
a. Function c. Inverse
b. Asymptote d. Composite
_____5. What is the inverse of f (x)= x+36?
a. f (x)= x c. f (x)= x−36
36
b. f (x)=36 x d. f (x)=−x−36

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 x
What is the inverse of f (x)= ?
_____6. 25
a. f (x)= x+25 c. f (x)= x−25
b. f (x)=25 x d. f (x)=−25 x
_____7. What is the mathematical symbol for inverse of f (x)?
a. 1 c. f ' ( x )
f (x )
b. f ( x )−1 d. f −1 ( x )
_____8. What is the inverse of ( c +1 )3−1?
a. √3 c c. √3 c−1+1
3
b. √ c +1−1 d. 1− √3 c +1
_____9. What do you call to the resulting y-values after we have substituted in the possible x -
values?
a. Range c. Real Numbers
b. Domain d. Inverse Function
_____10 Which of the following is not allowed as the value of the independent variable under
. the square root sign?
a. zero c. decimal number
b. negative number d. fraction
_____11 Which of the following pair of functions is NOT the inverse of each other?
.
a. x c. 1 1
f (x)=5 x 𝑎𝑛𝑑 g( x )= f (x)= 𝑎𝑛𝑑 g( x )=
5 x x
b. 2−x d. 2
f (x)= x 𝑎𝑛𝑑 g( x )=√ x
𝑓(𝑥)=2−3𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 g( x )=
3
_____12 What is the domain and range of the function f (x)=5 x +2?
.
a. The domain is all real numbers except c. The domain is all real numbers except
2 and the range is all real numbers 2 and the range is all real numbers.
except 0.
b. The domain is all real numbers and d. The domain and range are all real
the range is all real numbers except 0. numbers.
For items number 13-15, refer to the following:
Cath and Arvin are planning for their wedding. Cath suggested that she wants Casa de Aurora to
cater their reception. The reception hall rental fee starts at a flat rate of ₱3,500.00 and an
additional rental fee of ₱60.00 per guest. If their budget is limited at ₱20,000.00.
_____13 Which of the following represents the total rental fee as a function of the number of
. guests?
a. y=3500+ 60 x c. y=60+3500 x
b. y=3500 – 60 x d. y=60 – 3500 x
_____14 Which of the following is the inverse function in item 13?
.
a. f −1 ( x )= x−60 c. f −1 ( x )= x−35000
2000 50
b. f −1 ( x )= x−50 d. f −1 ( x )= x−3500
3500 60
_____15 What is the domain and range of the inverse?
.
a. D={x ϵ N ∨0 ≤ x ≤275 } c. D={x ϵ N ∨0 ≤ x ≤160 }
R={ y ϵ R∨0 ≤ y ≤20,000 } R={ y ϵ R∨0 ≤ y ≤20,000 }
b. D={x ϵ N ∨0 ≤ x ≤2000 } d. D={x ϵ N ∨0 ≤ x ≤10,000 }
R={ y ϵ R∨0 ≤ y ≤10,000 } R={ y ϵ R∨0 ≤ y ≤2000 }

Page 13 of 14
 Let’s apply
it to life

Question: Can Anything about God Change? Answer: There Is No Change In God.
Proof:
“You are the same, and your years will have no end.” Psalm 102:27
“For I am the Lord, I do not change.” Malachi 3:6
“Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and comes down from the Father of lights, with whom there
is no variation or shadow of turning.” James 1:17

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