Robo Car
Robo Car
Volume 6, Issue 4, April – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
RoboCar
Aishwarya Kanchan, Ajay Magar, Omkar Naik and Project Guide Prof. Padmaja Bangde
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, New Panvel
Abstract:- In these unprecedented times, the world is The objective of this work is as follows:
facing a new challenge each day, be it economically, 1) Develop a product that eases the workload on manpower
socially, culturally or financially. COVID-19 has affected and keeps everyone safe.2)An application that allows us to
several nations and millions of people across the globe communicate with the robot in a remote fashion.3)To study
have succumbed to this lethal virus. The growing need the recommendation techniques and identify their limitations
for safety measures to sustain life on earth brings all that may help to suggest a hybrid approach which may
kinds of minds together to collaboratively work on overcomes the drawbacks existing methods.4)To identify
solutions that could increase the safety and reduce the evaluation metrics used for performance analysis of
need for manpower to fight this virus. This thesis gives different recommendation systems. We intend to include a
an insight into how IOT and Computer Vision and list of features to help frontline workers perform their duties
automation will reduce the dire need of manpower to in an effective and remote fashion. We would like to provide
constantly monitor people coming in and out of public state-of- the art facilities to the clients without
places. compromising on efficiency.
Keywords:- COVID-19, Computer Vision, IOT. The initial investment is on the higher side but the
chances of returns is quite high as a relaxed employee works
I. INTRODUCTION faster, better and more masterfully. The major part of the
project is the Raspberry pi that controls all the features of
This chapter presents the introduction to the topic of the RoboCar. The main motivation for this project is to do
this project and explains why a RoboCar with surveillance our bit in helping the world by breaking off the
camera is a necessity. The basic approach for implementing transmission. The most important point would be that
the IOT Based Remote Controlled Robot has been everything in this project is contactless which makes it very
introduced in this chapter which also includes the motivation reliable. The IOT based approach is utilized due to its
behind this thesis report. potential to allow objects to connect with one another
through the internet. In this chapter, an introduction is given
We have designed a RoboCar that will be controlled in to the current scenario of the pandemic which has affected
a remote fashion and be available via web. As statistics millions of people worldwide.
continue to see an exponential rise in the COVID-19 cases,
Nature India (an online news channel) has remarked that II. WORKING
Healthline workers are feeling burnt out due to
unprecedented workload, uncertainty and anxiety. This We intend to include a list of features to help frontline
could lead to fall in recovery if patients if the workers aren’t workers perform their duties in an effective and remote
able to combat unbearable exhaustion. With the help of fashion. We would like to provide state-of- the art facilities
RoboCar this workload would be effectively reduced to a to the clients without compromising on efficiency.
major extent, there by improving overall morale and
efficiency.
Fig 1: Block Diagram
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Volume 6, Issue 4, April – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
1. WebRTC
We will be using WebRTC and WebSocket while
working on video call feature. We aim to improve the
functionality and user-experience, therefore, we have
attached a microphone and an external speaker to the model.
WebRTC is an HTML5 specification and it used to integrate
media that is in real time along with a browser. The
advantage of using WebRTC is that one does not need any
plugin for the browser. However, to establish a session, you
would need a signalling protocol. Moreover, WebSocket is a
good choice for when we do not need to stream a media.
In addition, we are also adding an external speaker and
a microphone in order to improve the functionality and user
experience. Fig 3: Servo motor
The body of the robot is controlled by a health care
worker/admin and for that purpose we have designed a web
application using Flask. This micro web framework is
commonly used for all server side codes that are handled by
python. The web page has four buttons – forward, rever, left
and right. It also has a speaker button and a slider to control
the movement of the servo motor. The left part of the
window is reserved for streaming the live video feed
captured by the camera.
Fig 4: Connection diagram of servo motor with RPI
3. DC motor
We have connected 6 dc motors to 1 motor Driver and
are giving it a 12v input. the wheels on the left side of the
body are connected serially and the same goes for the
wheels on the left side of the body. Therefore, we get two
wires from the left and 2 wires from the right side of the
body which are then connected to the H bridge driver. A 12
volt supply is provided to the driver which is also connected
to the rpi 3b. The wheels move according to the signal
received by the rpi through the web application.
Fig 2: The web page as viewed by the admin/ healthcare
professional
The robot can move in 4 directions:
a) Forward - to move the bot in the forward direction, all the
2. Servo Motor
6 wheels (left and right) are given input HIGH.
The Picam is mounted on the servo motor which can
b) Backward - to move the bot in the backward direction, all
be controlled through the web page. This function provides a
the 6 wheels (left and right) are given input HIGH.
peripheral view to the bot which makes the navigation
c) Left - To move the body left, the left wheels are LOW
process much easier. A Servo Motor is a simple device that
while the right wheels are given input HIGH. This makes
consists of a DC Motor, Gears and a Feed Back based
the body turn in the left direction.
Position Control System. The main advantage of a Servo
d) Right - To move the body right, the right wheels are
Motor is its ability to hold the angular position of its shaft.
LOW while the left wheels are given input HIGH. This
We use the theory of Pulse Width Modulation or PWM to
makes the body turn in the right direction.
control the servo motor. Picamera is connected in CSI port
which is made for camera.
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Volume 6, Issue 4, April – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
4. Double H-Bridge L298N proper sanitization. However, due to the lack of existing
This driver module is a high power motor driver that technological methods for monitoring these safety measures,
can be used along with DC and Stepper Motors. It can human intervention became necessary; This indeed may
control the directional and speed of the motors. There are have led to the situation getting even worse.
eleven pins in the driver that aids the working of the motor
wheels and propels it in the direction that has been In the proposed project, the raspberry pi is the main
programmed. It has a 12V input (DC power source and 5V processor of the system. We are using a picamera and
pin that supplies power responsible for switching the logic mounting it on the servo motor. This servo motor is
inside the IC. The maximum supply voltage and current of controlled by the user through the web page so that they get
the module is 46V and 2A respectively. a peripheral view of the surrounding environment of the
robot. Python Flask Framework is used to access the camera
and stream its contents on the web page for the user to view.
We have an additional feature- Video call. Here, we are
using Webrtc and WebSocket.io to ensure a better output.
Webrtc is an HTML5 specification and it used to integrate
media that is in real time along with a browser. The
advantage of using webrtc is that one does not need any
plugin for the browser. However, to establish a session, you
would need a signalling protocol. Moreover, WebSocket is a
good choice for when we do not need to stream a media. In
addition, we are also adding an external speaker and a
microphone in order to improve the functionality and user
experience.
Fig 5: Connection of RPI, driver and motors
III. RELATED WORKS
Most smart cities across the world have developed
COVID-19 bots to help the frontline workers tackle issues
of sanitation and lack of personnels. When the virus spread
across the globe, many scientists used Artificial intelligence
and Machine Learning to try and predict the presence of the
virus in an attempt to flatten the curve and bring the world
back to normal.
Several hospitals across the globe employed small
robots to ensure social distancing and provide patient care
amidst the lockdown. The pandemic control model deployed
Fig: 6 RoboCar webpage
by organizations were of huge relief and enabled the smooth
faster treatment of patients. As the pandemic blew up,
forcing several businesses to close, robots became quite
popular as they are easy to maneuver, navigate and most
importantly disinfect. Automatons were deployed with the
aim of sanitizing hospitals and making deliveries.
Furthermore, they were used to also monitor patients and
help medical workers. The Droid Team and Lifeline
Robotics developed automated bots that were of a huge
relief to the team and a main source of inspiration to our
project.
IV. PROPOSED WORK
The paper presents a model to battle and reduce the
effects of the virus. The motive of the project is to aid the
front-line workers and ensure that patient care remains in
excellent condition. In the midst of this pandemic, the most
Fig 7:Video calling
important safety measures are social distancing along with
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Volume 6, Issue 4, April – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
V. APPLICATION REFERENCES
1. Consult with doctors and the medical staff over video [1]. A Peer-To-Peer Architecture For Real-Time
call. Communication Using Webrtc by Bakwa Dunka,
2. Navigate the robot through a terrain/ environment where Edim Azom, University of Jos, April 2017
physical presence isn’t possible. [2]. Live video monitoring robot controlled by web over
3. Audio broadcast messages internet (M Lokanath and Guruju Akhil Sai) ,IOP
4. Peripheral view of the camera Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering,
November.
VI. FUTURE SCOPE [3]. Ergün Alperay Tarım , "Performance evaluation of
WebRTC-based online consultation platform" , feb
1. Monitor environments like offices and hospitals in a 2019.
remote fashion [4]. Merijn Bruijnes† , "Telepresence Robots in Daily
2. Relay important messages as per the owner’s wish. Life", JUN 2017
3. Interact with patients or employees while maintain social :https://ethicalencountershci.files.wordpress.com/2017/
distancing. 03/paper-1-bruijnes-et-al.pdf
[5]. https://www.electronicsforu.com/electronics-
VII. CONCLUSION projects/virtual-telepresence-robot-raspberry-pi
[6]. P. Mohammed , "Efficient Way Of Web Development
The paper presents a model to battle and reduce the Using Python And Flask", May 2015
effects of the virus. The motive of the project is to aid the
front-line workers and ensure that patient care remains in
excellent condition. In the midst of this pandemic, the most
important safety measures are social distancing along with
proper sanitization. However, due to the lack of existing
technological methods for monitoring these safety measures,
human intervention became necessary.
Figure 8:Completed project
VIII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is a great pleasure to present this paper on
“RoboCar” based on web application and movement of bots.
We had the opportunity to explore new domains and obtain
fresh perspective while working and developing the project.
We would like to express our sincere thanks to our project
guide Professor Padmaja Bangde for her invaluable
suggestions and constant support.
