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Lesson 1-1 Basic Computer Components

The document discusses the basic components of a computer. It explains that a computer processes raw data into information. The major components are hardware, software, input, processing, output, and storage. Hardware refers to the physical parts like input/output devices and storage devices. Software refers to programs that tell the computer what to do. The central processing unit (CPU) controls how the computer works and consists of an arithmetic logic unit and control unit. Input devices enter data, output devices display processed data, memory temporarily stores instructions and data, and storage devices read and write data to storage media. Data refers to raw facts while information is the processed output of data.

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Liviesh Anderson
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56 views2 pages

Lesson 1-1 Basic Computer Components

The document discusses the basic components of a computer. It explains that a computer processes raw data into information. The major components are hardware, software, input, processing, output, and storage. Hardware refers to the physical parts like input/output devices and storage devices. Software refers to programs that tell the computer what to do. The central processing unit (CPU) controls how the computer works and consists of an arithmetic logic unit and control unit. Input devices enter data, output devices display processed data, memory temporarily stores instructions and data, and storage devices read and write data to storage media. Data refers to raw facts while information is the processed output of data.

Uploaded by

Liviesh Anderson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BASIC COMPUTER COMPONENTS

 
A computer is a tool that processes raw data into information.
 
Computers consist of:
1. Hardware – any part of the computer system that you can see and touch (input devices, output devices
and storage devices)
2. Software – programs which tell the computer what to do.
 
Major functions:
1. Input – accepting data
2. Processing – manipulating data
3. Output – the results of processing
4. Storage – storing the data and results for future use
 
 
THE SUB-PROCESS DIAGRAM

 
 
Components of a Computer
There are 5 general categories:
 
1. Central Processing Unit (CPU): this is the brain of the computer and controls how the rest of the
computer works. The CPU consists of:
 
          a. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) – performs all the calculations and logic (decision making)
operations.
          b. Control Unit (CU) – carries out instructions in the software and directs the flow of data through
the computer system.
 
2. Input Devices: these put data into the computer, e.g. keyboard, mouse, scanner etc.
 
3. Output Devices: these get processed data out of a computer, e.g. printer, monitor, speakers etc.
 
4. Memory: enables a computer to temporarily store instructions and data.
 
5. Storage Devices: these are devices used to read/write data and information to/from storage media (CD,
floppy etc), e.g. floppy disk drive, CD-ROM/DVD drive, hard disk drive etc.
 
 
Data  vs  Information
 
Data - raw facts and figures, E.g. Gaby, Wednesday, 20 etc.
 
Information - 1. Processed Data
                         2. The result of processing
                         3. Output
 

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