Department of Electrical Engineering

Project proposal

Project Title:
LM386 Based Audio Amplifier Circuit
Submitted By :
 Umair FA 18-BEE-055
 Majid Ali Khan FA 18-BEE-116
 usman FA 18-BEE-100
 Fazal haq khan FA 18-BEE-088
 LM386 Based Audio Amplifier Circuit

Introduction:
Simple Mic audio amplifier can amplify sound that is given from Microphone. This circuit can be
used as “Small mic and loudspeaker system” for a small space like a room. This circuit can also
be used in many applications like portable music players, intercoms, radio amplifiers, TV sound
systems, Ultrasonic drivers etc. It can also be used as sound sensor for microcontrollers. It is
inexpensive, low power operated and only need few components to work. This circuit is based
on LM386 IC to amplify sound.
Circuit Diagram:
Components:
 IC LM386
 Condensor Mic
 Speaker 8ohm

 Capacitors- 220uF, 10uF (two), 0.1uF, 0.05uF

 Components Detail:

 LM386
LM386 is a low voltage audio amplifier and frequently used in battery powered music devices
like radios, guitars, toys etc. The gain range is 20 to 200, gain is internally set to 20 (without
using external component) but can be increased to 200 by using resistor and capacitor between
PIN 1 and 8, or just with a capacitor. Voltage gain simply means that Voltage out is 200 times
the Voltage IN. LM386 has a wide supply voltage range 4-12v. Below is the Pin diagram of
LM386.
  Resistor:

A resistor is an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in an
electronic circuit. Resistors can also be used to provide a specific voltage for an active device
such as a transistor.

 Variable Resistor:

A resistor of which the ohmic resistance value can be adjusted. Either mechanically
(potentiometer, rheostat) or electronically (digital potentiometer).
A loudspeaker (or loud-speaker or speaker) is an electroacoustic transducer; a device which
converts anelectrical audio signal into a corresponding sound.

 Capacitor:

A capacitor is a passive two-terminal electronic component that stores electrical energy in

 Speaker
A small audio speaker that is ideal for radio and amplifier projects and is small enough to fit in
robot projects.
 BATTERY:
Batteries are a collection of one or more cells whose chemical reactions create a flow of
electrons in a circuit. All batteries are made up of three basic components: an anode (the '-' side),
a cathode (the '+' side), and some kind of electrolyte (a substance that chemically reacts with the
anode and cathode).

 Simple Mic audio amplifier

Simple Mic audio amplifier can amplify sound that is given from Microphone.
This circuit can be used as “Small mic and loudspeaker system” for a small space like a room.
This circuit can also be used in many applications like portable music players, intercoms, radio
amplifiers, TV sound systems, Ultrasonic drivers etc. It can also be used as sound sensor for
microcontrollers. It is inexpensive, low power operated and only need few components to work.
This circuit is based on LM386 IC to amplify sound.

Working Concept:

PIN 1 and 8: These are the gain control PINs, internally the gain is set to 20 but it can be
increased up to 200 by using a capacitor between PIN 1 and 8. We have used 10uF capacitor
C1 to get the highest gain i.e. 200. Gain can be adjusted to any value between 20 to 200 by using
proper capacitor.

Pin 2 and 3: These are the input PINs for sound signals. Pin 2 is the negative input terminal,
connected to the ground. Pin 3 is the positive input terminal, in which sound signal is fed to be
amplified. In our circuit it is connected to the positive terminal of the condenser mic with a 100k
potentiometer RV1. Potentiometer acts as volume control knob.

A capacitor C5 of 0.1uF has also been used along with potentiometer, to remove the DC
component of input signal and only allow audio (AC component) to be fed into LM386.

Pin 4 and 6: These are the power supply Pins of IC, Pin 6 for is +Vcc and Pin 4 is Ground. The
circuit can be powered with voltage between 5-12v.

Pin 5: This is the output PIN, from which we get the amplified sound signal.
The output signal has both AC and DC component, and DC component is undesirable and can’t
be fed to Speaker. So to remove this DC component, a capacitor C2 of 220uF has been used.
This has the same function as Capacitor C5 (0.1uF) at input side.

Along with this capacitor, a filter circuit of Capacitor C3 (.05uF) and resistor R1 (10k) has
been used at the output PIN 5. This filter also called the “Zobel network”, this electronic filter
is used to remove the sudden High frequency oscillations or noise.

Pin 7: This is the bypass terminal. It can be left open or can be grounded using a capacitor for
stability.

Resistor R2 (10k) has been used as a Pull up resistor to connect Condenser mic to the positive
supply voltage, to provide the power to the mic. A suitable resistor should be used for proper
working of mic, you can look up to datasheet for the value or use a variable resistor and set the
proper value.

Explanation:
This LM386 audio amplifier circuit can be also used to record any sound. We just need a 3.5
mm audio plug and a computer with sound recording software. We only need to connect
computer’s 3.5mm jack in place of Speaker, using 3.5mm audio plug, and we can easily record
our voice or any sound into computer like a professional microphone

Applications:
 Recording voice from microphone,
 Building small speakers that are battery operated,
 In FM Radio Devices, etc.
 They can also be used in TV Sound Systems,
 Line Drivers,
 Servo Drivers,
 Ultrasonic Drivers