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Normalization in DBMS: First Normal Form (1NF) : The Values in Each Column

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to minimize redundancy and ensure data dependencies. It prevents issues when modifying data through insertions, deletions, and updates. There are three common normal forms for organizing data: first normal form requires atomic values and a primary key; second normal form removes subsets of data that apply to multiple rows; third normal form removes columns that are not dependent on the primary key and prevents interdependencies among non-key attributes. Following these normal forms improves data quality.

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27 views

Normalization in DBMS: First Normal Form (1NF) : The Values in Each Column

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to minimize redundancy and ensure data dependencies. It prevents issues when modifying data through insertions, deletions, and updates. There are three common normal forms for organizing data: first normal form requires atomic values and a primary key; second normal form removes subsets of data that apply to multiple rows; third normal form removes columns that are not dependent on the primary key and prevents interdependencies among non-key attributes. Following these normal forms improves data quality.

Uploaded by

md. romgan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Normalization in DBMS

Normalization is the process of efficiently organizing data


in a database.
Normalization is necessary for:
 minimizing Redundancy (duplicate Data) and,
 Ensuring data dependencies (only related data is stored
in each table)
It also prevents any issues stemming from database
modifications such as insertions, deletions, and updates.
First Normal Form (1NF): The values in each column
of a table are atomic (No multi-value attributes allowed).
Each table has a primary key.
There are no repeating groups: two columns do not store
similar information in the same table.
Create a separate data table for each set of related data.
Id Color price This table is not the 1NF because the colour column
contains multiple values.
1 Red, 112 After decomposing, the 1nf;
black
2 red 120
Id Colour Id Price
1 red 1 112 Second Normal
1 black 1 112 Form (2NF)
2 red 2 120
Maintain requirements of the first normal form.
Remove subsets of data that apply to multiple rows of a
table and place them in separate tables.
Create relationships between these new tables and their
predecessors through the use of foreign keys.
Customer Store location Location depend on store id which is part
of primary key.
id id After decomposing, the 2nf;
1 2 Dhaka
C. id S.
1 3 id Rajshahi s.id location
21 21 Khulna 1 Khulna
31 33 Rajshahi 2 Dhaka
2 1
3 Rajshahi
3 3

Third Normal Form (3NF) • Meet all the requirements


of the second normal form.• Every non-prime attribute of
R is non-transitively dependent (i.e. directly dependent)
on every super key of R.• Remove columns that are not
dependent upon the primary key.
This form dictates that all non-key attributes of a table
must be functionally dependent on a candidate key i.e.
there can be no interdependencies among non-key
attributes. • For a table to be in 3NF, there are two
requirements • The table should be second normal form •
No attribute is transitively dependent on the primary key.

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