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The document discusses the concept of parallel structure in writing. Parallel structure involves using similar grammatical forms within a sentence for consistency and readability. The document provides examples of parallel and non-parallel structures using different parts of speech and clauses. It also includes an activity where the reader must identify parallel structures and rewrite non-parallel sentences. The overall lesson is that parallel structure improves writing by giving it a natural flow through consistent grammatical patterns within sentences.

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Hiden Palmer Delfin
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© © All Rights Reserved
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45 views

Script Final

The document discusses the concept of parallel structure in writing. Parallel structure involves using similar grammatical forms within a sentence for consistency and readability. The document provides examples of parallel and non-parallel structures using different parts of speech and clauses. It also includes an activity where the reader must identify parallel structures and rewrite non-parallel sentences. The overall lesson is that parallel structure improves writing by giving it a natural flow through consistent grammatical patterns within sentences.

Uploaded by

Hiden Palmer Delfin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Slide 1

For today’s lesson you will learn about Parallel structure

Slide 2

What do you need to know about Parallel structure?

The most essential learning competency targeted in this lesson is- USE PARALLEL STRUCTURE

Here are the objectives

1. Define parallel structures


2. Determine sentences that are parallel structures
3. Rewrite sentences that are not parallel in structures
4. Tell the essence of learning parallel structures

Slide 3

Before you feed your brain with new information, let us first have a short review of the previous lesson.

In the previous lesson you have learned about cohesive devices.

• Cohesive devices are words and phrases that connect ideas of sentences and paragraphs for coherence. They also
indicate building up new idea or thought or compare ideas or draw conclusions.

• Types of Cohesive Devices


• Comparison/Contrast
• Chronology
• Cause/Effect
• Illustration/Example
• Addition
• Clarification
• Qualification
• Summary/Conclusion

Slide 4

Do you have any idea about parallel structures? I have two sentences which is better? Sentence number 1 Ryan is healthy,
wealthy and an athlete. Sentence 2 Ryan is healthy, wealthy and athletic.

Both sentences are grammatically correct, but sentence number two is better, why? Because it’s parallel in structure.

Slide 5

Parallel Structure

• Involves two or more words, phrases, or clauses that are similar in length and grammatical form. Another word for
parallel structure is parallelism.

• Improves readability by giving a natural flow to a written work

Slide 6

Let’s go back to the question on which sentence is better.

Sentence number 2 is better because it uses the same parts of speech which is adjective. We have healthy, wealthy, and
athletic. For sentence number 1 it’s not parallel because it uses a combination of two adjectives and a noun.
Slide 7

Let us now discuss parallel structure with words and phrases

Slide 8

The first one is Gerund

GERUND- verb form ending in –ing but functions as a noun

Examples are speaking, swimming, singing

Look closely at the example: Not parallel: Kenneth likes biking, swimming and to run.

This is not parallel because it does not use gerund all throughout the sentence it uses a combination of gerunds biking and
swimming and infinitive to run.

To make the sentence parallel it should be Kenneth likes biking, swimming and running.

Slide 9

Next is Infinitive

INFINITIVE- a verbal consisting of to + verb acts like a subject, direct object, subject compliment, adjective, or adverb in a
sentence.

Here is the example Zem likes to sing, to dance and painting. This is not parallel because it’s a combination of infinitives to sing
and to dance and a gerund painting.

To make it parallel you need to change painting into an infinitive. It will become Zem likes to sing, to dance and to paint.

Slide 10

Moving on let us have Adjective

Example: Stephen is young, good-looking and thinks intelligently. This sentence uses two adjectives young and good looking
but the adverb intelligently breaks the parallelism. To make it parallel the words thinks intelligently should be replaced by the
adjective intelligent. It will become Stephen is young, good looking and intelligent.

Slide 11

For adverb we have Yanna cleans the house efficiently and she is effective. It’s not parallel because efficiently is an adverb so
the next word should be adverb to achieve parallelism. We need to change effective into effectively. The revise sentence will
be Yanna cleans the house efficiently and effectively.

Slide 12

For noun we have: David is studying music, sports and how to make art. This is not parallel because it did not use nouns all
throughout the sentence. We need to remove the words how to make art. It should be David is studying music, sports and art.
Very simple right.

Slide 13

For verb we have: He wrote a poem and recites it. The tense of the verb is not consistent. Wrote is in the past tense and recites
is on the present tense. To make it better we must be consistent with the verb tense. Since it started on the past tense we
must change recites into the past form. The sentence will become He wrote a poem and recited it.

Slide 14

Moving on let us discuss parallel structure with clauses.


Slide 15

Example: The teacher told the students that they should read their modules, that they should do the exercises and to answer
the summative test. Let us first identify the clauses, the first one is that they should read their modules, next that they should
do the exercises and to answer the summative test. If you noticed the first and the second clauses use the words that they
should but in the third clause the words that they should were not use, to make the sentence parallel we should also use the
same pattern for the same words that were used for clauses 1 and 2. The parallel version will be: The teacher told the students
that they should read their modules, that they should do the exercises and that they should answer the summative test.

Slide 16

Did you understand the lesson? I hope so! Because we will proceed with the exercise. Before you exercise your brain.

Let us first summarize the lesson.

Parallel structure or parallelism is the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence. It allows a writer to achieve a
sense of rhythm and order.

Slide 17

Are you ready? Let’s get it on! Make sure you have a pen and a sheet of paper, so you can write your answers. Let’s begin.

DIRECTIONS: Determine whether the following sentences are parallel in structure. Write (P) if Parallel and (NP) if not Parallel. If
you answered (NP) rewrite the sentence to make it parallel.

I will give you three minutes to finish the activity. You may start answering now.

1. Driving a car requires coordination, patience, and good eyesight.

2. Jayven likes to bike, hiking and to swim.

3. Kelly had to do the ironing, washing, and shopping before her parents arrived.

4. Marianne is a good writer, volleyball player and playing the piano.

5. John plays the guitar skillfully and striking.

Slide 18

Let us check your answers.

1. P

2. NP-Jayven likes to bike, to hike and to swim.

3. P

4. NP- Marianne is a good writer, volleyball player and pianist.

5. NP-John plays the guitar skillfully and strikingly.

What’s your score? Did you get it all correctly? If yes, Very Good! If not don’t be sad because you have still time to practice
writing parallel sentences.

This is the end of our learning session. Again, I am sir Hiden. See you next time and God bless.

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