REFERENCES

 FC 8 - 043
Drills and Ceremonies Series of
July 2005
 AFP Manual 3-6
TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE

At the end of the lesson the students

should be able to learn the Definition of
Terms, Sequence of Battalion Ceremonial
Parade and Rank Inspection.
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
 To be able to understand the
Definition of Terms
 To be able to discuss the Sequence of
Battalion Ceremonial Parade.
 To be able to learn how to prepare for
Rank Inspection.
 To be able to provide uniformity,
sequence and execution during the conduct
of ceremonial parade, company drill and
rank inspection.
 SCOPE OF PRESENTATION

 Definition of Terms
 Standard of Formation
 Sequence of Ceremonial Parade
 Rank Inspection
 DEFINITION
 A parade is a military ceremony wherein
a body of troops is formed before its
Commanding Officer or other high
ranking officer for the display of its
condition, members, equipment and
proficiency.
 It includes exercise in the manual of
arms, the report on the members of
the various units present or accounted
for, the publication of orders, etc. and
ends with a pass in review.
 DRILL TERMS -
 To help understand the meaning of drill terms,
the following definitions are included:
 ALIGNMENT (Linya): A straight line upon
which several elements or terms are formed. It
is the dressing of several elements upon a
straight line. A unit is aligned when it is
dressed.
 ARMS SWING: The swinging of arms must be
6 inches straight to the front and 3 inches
straight to the rear of the trouser seams, with
knuckles out facing forward and fingers
formed into a fist with the thumb over the
forefinger.
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 BASE: The elements on which a movement is
regulated. For instance, in executing right front into
line, the leading squad is the base.
 CADENCE: The uniform rhythm by which a
movement is executed or the number of steps or
counts per minute of which movement is executed.
Drill movements are normally executed at the cadence
of quick time or double time.
 CENTER (Gitna): The middle point or element of a
command. In a platoon of three squads in line, the
second squad from the right is the center. With four
squads in the platoon, the second squad from the right
is the center squad, the rule being that when these are
even number of squads (platoons), the right-center
squad (platoon) is the center squad (platoon).
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 COLUMN: A formation in which the elements are
placed one behind another. Example: a column of files
(men placed one behind another); column squad
(squads one behind another); and column platoon
(one behind another).
 DEPTH (Lalim): The space from front to rear of any
formation or position. This includes the front and rear
elements. The depth of a man is assumed to be 12
inches.
 DISTANCE (Layo): The space between elements
when the elements are one behind the other. Between
units, it varies with the size of the formation; between
individuals it is an arm’s length to the front plus six
inches or about 40 inches, measured from chest of
one man to the back of the man immediately to his
front.
DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 DOUBLE TIME (Takbong Hakbang): Cadence
at a rate of 180 steps per minute.
 ECHELON: One of a series of elements formed
one behind another. This is also a modification
of line formation in which adjacent elements are
disposed one in the rear of the other.
 ELEMENT: An individual, squad, platoon,
company, or larger body, forming a part of still
another larger body.
 EYES RIGHT (Handa, Tingin sa Kanan, Na):
The direction of the face during the eyes right
should be 45 degrees to the right side.
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 FILE (Tudling): Two men, the front-rank man and the
corresponding man of the rear rank. The front-rank
man is the file leader. A file, which has no rear-rank
man, is not a file. The term file applies also to a single
man in a single rank formation. It is a single column of
men one behind the other.
 FLANK (Panig): The right or left extremity of a unit,
either in line or in column; the element on the extreme
right or left of the line; a direction at a right angle to the
direction where an element or a formation is facing.
 FORMATION (Hanay): Arrangement of the elements
of a unit in line, in column or any other prescribed
manner.
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 FRONT (Harap): The direction in which a command
faces.
 FRONTAGE (Harapan): The space occupied by an
element measured from one flank to the opposite
flank. The frontage of a man is assumed to be 22
inches, measured from the right to the elbow and
therefore does not include the 12 inches between all
men in line. The frontage of a squad, however,
includes the intervals between men.
 GUIDE (Gabay): The man with whom the command
or element thereof regulates its march. This is often
the case in battle or on practice marches. In a squad
drill, a private (number 1 front rank) is often the guide.
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 HEAD (Unahan): The leading element of a column.
To understand this definition, one must remember that
an element is a file squad platoon, company or larger
body forming a part of still another larger body.
 INTERVAL (Pagitan): The lateral space between
elements on the same line. An interval is measured
between individuals from shoulder to shoulder; and
between formations, from flank to flank. Unit
commanders and those with them are not considered
in measuring interval between elements of the unit
with which they are posted. Normal interval between
individuals is one arm’s length. Close interval is the
horizontal distance between shoulder and elbow when
the left hand is placed on the left hip.
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 LEFT (Kaliwa): The left extremity or element of a
body of troops.
 LINE (Linya): A formation in which the different
elements are abreast. The expression “abreast of
each other” means on the same line. The other vital
part of this definition centers on the word “element”. A
section may be an element. Therefore, if the leading
elements of several sections are on the same line, it
becomes a line formation.
 LOOSE PIECES: Rifles and automatic rifles not used
in making stacks.
 OBLIQUE (Lihis): An angle between 0 and 45
degrees. (Right/Left oblique - march is at an angle of
45 degrees.)
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 ORDER CLOSE: The formation in which the units, in
double rank, are separated by intervals greater than
that in close order.
 PACE: 30 inches is the length of the full step in quick
time. The pace at double time is 36 inches.
 PIECE: The term piece as used in this text means the
rifle or automatic rifle.
 POINT OF THE REST: The point at which a formation
begins, especially the point toward which units are
aligned in successive movements. For instance, in
executing “ON RIGHT INTO LINE”, the point of rest is
the place where the leading squad halts.
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 QUICK TIME (Siglang Hakbang): Cadence at a rate
of 120 steps per minute.
 RIGHT: The right extremity or element of a body of
troops.
 SWORD SWING: The swinging of sword must be 6
inches to the front and 3 inches to the rear of the
trouser seams.
 SLOW TIME: Cadence at a rate of 60 steps per
minute.
 STEP (Hakbang): The distance measured from heel
to heel between the feet of a man walking. A step
maybe any prescribed number of inches. The half step
and back step are 15 inches. The right step and left
step are 12 inches. The steps in quick and double time
are 30 and 36 inches, respectively.
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 SUCCESSIVE MOVEMENT (Sunud-sunurang galaw): A
maneuver in which the various elements of a command execute
a certain movement one after another as distinguished from a
simultaneous movement.
 TO REVOKE A COMMAND: To cancel a command that has
not been carried out or to start a movement improperly begun
from halt, the command MANUMBALIK is given. On this
command, the movement of troops and men resumes its former
position.
 PARTIAL CHANGES OF DIRECTION: To change the direction
of a column by 45 degrees to the left or right the command is
LIKO HATING-KANAN (KALIWA), KAD. To execute a slight
change of direction, the command PAGAWING KANAN
(KALIWA) is given. The guide or guiding elements move/s in
the indicated direction, and the rest of the unit follows.
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 NUMBERING UNITS: For drill purposes,
platoons within each company are numbered
from right to left when the company is in line
and from front to rear when the company is in
column. Squads within each platoon are
numbered from right to left when the platoon is
in line and from front to rear when the platoon is
in column.
DRILL TERMS – Cont.
POST: Post means the correct place for an
officer or non-commissioned officer to stand. This
can be in front, behind or by the side of a unit.
When changes in formation involve changes of
posts, the new post is taken by the most direct
route and, as soon as practicable, after the
command of execution. Officers and non-
commissioned officers who have prescribed
duties in connection with the movements take
their posts when the duties are completed. In
executing a movement or facing, and when
moving from one post to another, officers and
non-commissioned officers maintain a military
bearing and move with smartness and precision.
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
• In movements after the first formation, guidon
bearers and special units maintain their positions
with respect to the flank or the end of the unit to
which they were originally posted.
• In all formations and movements, non-
commissioned officers commanding an element take
the same post as prescribed for an officer. When
giving commands, making or receiving reports
(except squad leaders in ranks) or drilling a unit, a
non-commissioned officer armed with rifle carries it
at the right shoulder.
• When acting as an instructor, the officer or non-
commissioned officer goes wherever his presence is
needed to correct mistakes and supervise the
performance of the men in ranks.
 DRILL TERMS – Cont.
 COUNTING CADENCE
 Except at the beginning of basic training, the
commander or instructor does not count
cadence to acquaint the men with cadence
rhythm. When a man gets out of step, he is
corrected by the commander who halts the unit
and then moves everybody off in the step.
Counting cadence by the group helps to teach
group coordination, cadence, and rhythm. To
help a man keep in step, the commander
encourages him to keep his head up and watch
the head and shoulders of the man in front of
him.
DRILL TERMS – Cont.

 The command is BILANG HAKBANG,

KAD. The command of execution is
given as the left foot strikes the ground.
The next time the left foot strikes the
ground, the group calls the cadence for 8
steps in a firm and vigorous manner as
follows: ISA, DALAWA, TATLO,
APAT… However, this command must
not be executed in a boisterous manner.
The good instructor holds his counting to
a minimum.
 STANDARD FORMATION

Note: Ceremonial Parade - the distance between the troops and the
commander is greater than that for a review
SEQUENCE OF BN CEREMONIAL
PARADE
1. FORMATION OF TROOPS
2. SOUND OFF
3. HONORS TO THE NATION
4. PRESENTATION OF TROOPS
5. MANUAL OF ARMS
6. REPORTS
7. PUBLISHING OF ORDERS
8. OFFICER CENTER
9. PASS IN REVIEW
  FORMATION OF TROOPS
Units are moved to their position on the ready line in the
most convenient manner.

(a) As soon as the troops are ready, the Troop Adjutant (TA)
(from his position near the band) directs IHUDYAT ANG
PAGHANDA. The band immediately sounds ATTENTION
CALL to signal the start of the ceremony.

(b) Upon hearing the ATTENTION CALL, all Coy Commanders

(CCs) face about, bring their units to attention and right
shoulder arms, then face front.

NOTE: The procedure for moving from the ready line to the
final line is the same as that for a review.
(c) The TA again directs IHUDYAT ANG TAWAG
ADYUTANTE. The band sounds the ADJUTANT’S CALL,
immediately followed by March music.

(d) The CCs give PASULONG, KAD; the troops follow the
route in Figure 1.5.
 ROUTE OF ENTRY

Figure 1.5- ROUTE OF ENTRY TO THE FINAL LINE

 ALIGNING THE TROOPS

 (a) The TA designates the Alpha Company as the

base company “A” BALANGAY then positions
himself midway between the line of troops and the
TC.
 (b) At the last note of “A” Balangay, the CCs
simultaneously order: TUNTON SA KANAN. This
means that all Companies will align with the base
company.
 (c) The Platoon Leaders (PL) simultaneously
face about and command: TUNTON SA
KANAN, NA. After which, they face to the
half left (except the last PL who faces to the
half right) and march directly and align at the
right of the first Squad Leader (last element
of the first squad, for the last PL) counting
thirteen (13) steps (close with the 14th step).
 (d) The PLs align facing the TA former
position then face about immediately after
closing on the 14th step, except the last PL
who remains facing the TA’s former position.
 (e) Immediately, the first PL orders: TATAG,
followed by the second PL up to the last PL
who prolongs the word. The PL aligns the
platoon by taking short steps to the right or
left as necessary to see down the squad.
 (f) After giving the prolonged order TATAG,
the last PL executes two (2) left steps as
visual reference for the other PLs.
Continuously, he will return to his former
position by executing two (2) right steps.
(g) After the last PL has executed the two (2) right steps,
the other PLs simultaneously execute left face (right face
for the last PL) and March five (5) half steps (closes on the
sixth half step) then face the second squad.

(h) After giving the prolonged order TATAG to the last

squad line, the last PL executes two (2) right steps as
visual reference for the other PLs. Continuously, he will
return to his former position by executing two (2) left steps.

(i) After the last PL has executed the two (2) left
steps, the other PLs simultaneously execute right face (left
face for the last PL) and march five (5) steps (close on the
sixth step) toward the front edge of the platoon,
approximately two (2) steps forward of the platoon, then
face down the line.
 (k) Simultaneously, all PLs command: HANDA,
RAP, then march forward toward the center of the
platoon counting five (5) steps and execute right
turn towards his position closing on the fourteenth
step (approximately six steps from the elements).

 (l) The BC followed by the CC then faces front.

 (m) The TA now directs: MGA GABAY

SUMALUNAN.

 (n) The CCs commands: MGA GABAY

SUMALUNAN, KAD, and then faces front.
 SOUND OFF
 (o) After the battalion has been formed,
aligned, and given parade rest on the final
line, the Adjutant directs: IHUDYAT and
assumes the position of parade rest. He
remains facing the formation.
 At the directive IHUDYAT, the band plays three
sounds off chords. At the conclusion of the third
chord, the band moves forward playing a march in
quick time. The band executes a left turn to march
across the front of the troops. At the left of the line
of the troops, the band countermarches and
returns over the same ground to the right of the
line.
Sound Off Route For Ceremonial Parade
 HONORS TO THE NATION
 (a) The Adjutant (after the band has completed sound off)
assumes the position of attention and directs: MGA
BALANGAY HUMANDA at TANGHAL SANDATA.
 (b) Unit commanders assume the position of attention, face
about, and command in succession: BALANGAY, DA then
TANGHAL, TA. They face front and salute.
 (c) When all units are in TANGHAL TA, the Adjutant faces
front and salutes. Band plays the NATIONAL ANTHEM.
 (d) The Battalion Commander and his staff execute on his
command: PUGAY KAMAY, NA on the first note of the
music.
 (e) Military spectators rise and execute hand salute and its
equivalent for the civilians.
 PRESENTATION OF TROOPS
 (a) Upon completion of the National Anthem, the Battalion
Commander and his staff execute on his command: BABA
KAMAY, NA. The Adjutant terminates his salute, faces
about, and directs: BABA SANDATA.
 (b) Unit commanders terminate their salute, face about,
and command: BABA, TA, and then face front.
 (c) When all units are at Order Arms, the Adjutant faces
about, salutes and reports: ”Ginoo, handa na po ang
patikas”.
 (d) The Battalion Commander returns the salute and
commands: SUMALUNAN KA. The Adjutant trots forward,
passes by the Battalion Commander’s right, and takes his
post as the right flank member of the staff.
 Inspection
 (a) When the adjutant returned to his
posts, the BC salutes and reports: Ginoo,
handa na po ang mga talupad upang
siyasatin (Sir, the troops are ready for
inspection). The band begins to play
March music on the first left step of the
DG/RO and continues to play until the
DG/RO has returned to his post.
 THE COLORS DURING
TROOPING THE LINE

NOTE: Inspection is Optional in our Ceremonial Parade. The Inspection is omitted in

the parade as it is clearly stated in the manual.
 MANUAL OF ARMS
 When the Battalion Commander has returned to
his post, he now commands such movement in
the Manual of Arms as he may desire.
 The commander directs: ”HUMANDA SA
PAGSASANAY SA PAGHAWAK NG
SANDATA” He then in sequence commands:
SA KANANG BALIKAT, TA; KALIWANG
BALIKAT, TA; AGAP, TA, BABA, TA; SIYASAT
TA; and BABA, TA.
 REPORT
 (a) When the Manual of Arms has been
completed , the Battalion Commander then
directs: TANGGAPIN AND ULAT.
 (b) The Adjutant trots forward, halts to his position
at the center of the command and directs MAG-
ULAT. Unit commanders in succession, from right
to left, salute and report: “Ginoo _____ balangay
narito na po lahat o napag-alaman”. The Adjutant
returns each commanders salute.
 (c) After receiving the reports, the Adjutant faces
front, salutes, and reports: Ginoo, narito na lahat
o napag – alaman
 PUBLISHING OF ORDERS
 The Battalion Commander returns the salute and
directs: IPAHAYAG ANG KAUTUSAN.
 The Adjutant faces about and gives the orders:
MAKING SA KAUTUSAN, ANG MGA
NAKATALAGA NGAYON, PUNONG
PANLARANGAN (NAME OF OFFICER 1ST
PLTN LDR ACOY), PUNONG
TAGAPANGALAGA (NAME OF OFFICER
ACOY COMDR), SA UTOS NI (NAME OF
CHAIRMAN RAATI), MGA PINUNO, HUMARAP
AT PUMAGITNA, KAD.
 OFFICER CENTER MARCH
 At the last note PUMAGITNA, the senior company
commander then commands: MGA PINUNO, RAP,
KAD the senior Company Commander commands:
MGA PINUNO, TO.

 At the count of four, they execute the salute and

bring their hands down at seven the Battalion
Commander acknowledge the salute, then
commands MGA PINUNO, SUMALUNAN KAD.

 The group of officers executes about face and

shoves off towards the center of the troops, the
senior Company Commander commands: MGA
PINUNO, TO, RAP, KAD
 PASS IN REVIEW
 The Battalion Commander directs: PASA MASID
 The Battalion passes in review in the same
manner as prescribed for a review except that
the units render honors.
 When the last elements of troops have passed
the reviewing stand and executed ready front, the
band stops playing.
 Spectators may rise and applause after the
parade is completed.

 AFTER PASS IN REVIEW- TC Salute to the

Chairman…GINOO TAPUS NA PO ANG
SEREMONYA..
 CHAIRMAN ACKNOWLEDGE and say
dismiss the color and prepare for inspection..

 TC about face and direct the color officer

pinuno ng watawat ilansag ang mga watawat,
TANGHAL TA. ..BABA TA…HUMANDA SA
PAGSISIYASAT……
 TC will now face about and directs:
„Humanda sa pagsisiyasat”, CC face
about and say: “Humanda sa
Pagsisiyasat”, PLs will face about and
commands: “Pabukang Taludtod, kad”.
After pabukang taludtud all pltn ldrs and
coy commanders about face. TC about
face and salute to the Chairman GINOO
HANDA NA PO ANG TALUPAD UPANG
SIYASATIN.
 RANK INSPECTION
 The excess cadets who did not participate
during the ceremonial parade may now join
the marching troops at the rear to form
platoon in line, company in column in front of
stage and prepare for Rank Inspection.
 SUMMARY

 Definition of Terms
 Standard of Formation
 Sequence of Ceremonial Parade
 Rank Inspection