Scribd
Upload
32 views3 pages

Inductive Reactance: Coils and Direct Current

The document discusses inductive reactance in coils when alternating current (AC) is passed through. It explains that: 1) As the frequency of the AC increases, the inductive reactance (opposition to changes in current) of the coil increases due to its inductance. This causes the current to have difficulty following rapid changes in voltage. 2) Inductive reactance is represented by XL and calculated using the formula XL = 2πfL, where f is the frequency in Hz and L is the inductance in Henrys. 3) Inductive reactance increases linearly with both increasing frequency and increasing inductance based on this formula. It is directly proportional to the frequency and

Uploaded by

ika nurwahyuni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
32 views3 pages

Inductive Reactance: Coils and Direct Current

The document discusses inductive reactance in coils when alternating current (AC) is passed through. It explains that: 1) As the frequency of the AC increases, the inductive reactance (opposition to changes in current) of the coil increases due to its inductance. This causes the current to have difficulty following rapid changes in voltage. 2) Inductive reactance is represented by XL and calculated using the formula XL = 2πfL, where f is the frequency in Hz and L is the inductance in Henrys. 3) Inductive reactance increases linearly with both increasing frequency and increasing inductance based on this formula. It is directly proportional to the frequency and

Uploaded by

ika nurwahyuni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Chapter 13

INDUCTIVE REACTANCE
IN DC CIRCUITS, RESISTANCE CAN BE EXPRESSED AS A NUMBER RANGING FROM ZERO
(REPRESENTING a perfect conductor) to extremely large value. Physicists call resistance a
scalar quantily, because it can be expressed on a one-dimensional scale, as shown in fig 13-
1.

13-1 resistance can be repsented as numerical values (corresponding to ohms) along a half
line or ray.

Coils and direct current

Suppose you have same wire that conducts elecricity very well. If you wind a length
of the wire into a coil and connect it to a source of dc (fig 13-2), the wire draws a large
current. It doesn’t matter

GAMBAR
whether the wire is a single-turn loop, or whether it’s lying haphazardly on the floor, or
whether it’s wrapped around a stick. The current amperes is equal to the applied voltage in
volts divided by the wire resistance in ohms.it’s that simple.

You can make an electromagnets as you’ve already seen, by passing dc through a coil
wound around an iron rod. Electromagnets are known for the high current they draw from
batteries or power supplies. The coil of an electromagnet heats up as energy is dissipated in
the rasistnace of the wire. If the voltage of the battery or power supply increases, the wire
in the coil gets hotter. Ultimately, if the supply can deliver enough current, the wire will
melt.

Coils and Alternating Current

Suppose yoou change the voltage source, connected across the coil, from dc to ac
(fig 13-3). Imagine that you can vary the frequency of the ac, from a few hertz to hundreds
of hertz, then kilohertz, then megahertz.

At frist, the current will be high, just as it with dc. But the coil has a certain amount
of inductance, and it takes some time for current to establish itself in the coil. Depending on
how many truns there are and on whether the core is air or a ferromagnetic material, you’ll
reach a point, as the ac frequency increases, when the coil starts to get sluggish. That is, the
current won’t have time to get established in the coil before the polarity of the ac voltage
reverses. At high ac frequencies, the current throunced the coil will have difficulty following
the voltage placed across the coil. This sluggishness in a coil for ac is, in effect, similar to dc
resistance. As the frequency is raised the effect gets more pronounced. Eventually, if you
keep increasing the frequency of the ac source, the coil will not even come near establishing
a current with each cycle. Then the coil will act like a high resistance.

The opposition that the coil offers to ac is called inductive reactance. It, llike
resistance, is measured in ohms. It can vary, just as resistance does, from near zero (a short
piece of wore) to a few ohms (a small coil) to kiloms or megohm (bigger and bigger coils).
Like resistance, inductive reactance affects the current in an ac circuit. But, unlike simple
resistnace changes with frequency. this effects the current, although in practice this does
happen. Inductive reactance produces a chage in the way the current flows with respect to
the voltage.

13-3 an inductor connected across a source of ac


Reactance and frequency

Inductive rectance iss one of two form of reactance (the other form, called capacitive
reactance, will be discussed in the next chapter). Reactance in general is symbolized by the
italic uppercase letter x. Inductive is symbolized xL.

In this formula, the symbol π stands for the mathematical constant pi, which is the number
of diameters around the circumference of a circle. It is equal to approximately 3.14. we can
consider the value of 2π to be equal to 6.28 in most practical situations. Therefore , the
preceding formula can be written a title more simply as:

This same formula applies if the frequency, f, is in kilohertz and the inductance, l, is in
millihenry. And it also applies if f is in megahertz and l is in microhenrys. Juts remember that
if frequency is in millions, inductance must be in millionths.

Inductive reactance increases linearly with increasing ac frequency. this meants that
the funtion of xl versus f is a straight line when graphed. Inductive reactance also increases
linearly with inductance. Therefore, the funtion of xl, versus l also appears as a straight line
on a graph. The value of xl is directly proportional to f and is also directly proportional to l.
These relationships are graphed in relative form, in fig. 13-4.

Promblem 13-1

Suppose a coil has an inductance of 0.500H, and thee frequency of the ac passing through it
is 60.0 Hz. What is the inductive reactance?

13-4

inductive reactance is directly proportional to inductance, and is also directly proportional


to frequency.

You might also like