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Flow Chart of Organic Reactions: Substitution (+NH

The document presents a flow chart of common organic reactions. It shows the transformations between different functional groups including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amines, and amides. Arrows connect the functional groups to show the reactions such as substitution, elimination, oxidation, reduction, hydration, dehydration, and condensation that can occur between them.

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55 views1 page

Flow Chart of Organic Reactions: Substitution (+NH

The document presents a flow chart of common organic reactions. It shows the transformations between different functional groups including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amines, and amides. Arrows connect the functional groups to show the reactions such as substitution, elimination, oxidation, reduction, hydration, dehydration, and condensation that can occur between them.

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Amines Repeated Substitution (alkyl halide)

Flow Chart of Organic Reactions 1° Amine, 2° Amine, 3° Amin

Substitution (+NH3) Ethers

Alkyl Halides
Substitution halogenation
Hydrohalogenation
(+X2 + Heat + UV  RX + HX) (+HX  H2O + R-X) Condensation/Dehydration
(+H2SO4  R-O-R + H2O)
Elimination Halogenation (+X2 X-C-C-X)
(OH cat  X- + H2O)
- Hydrohalogenation (+HX X-C-C-H)
Dehydration
(+H2SO4  H2O + C=C)
Alkanes Alkene/Alkyne Alcohols

Hydration
Hydrogenation (+H2) (+H2O+H2SO4  H2O + C-OH)
2° Alcohol Oxidation
Hydrogenation (O)
(+H2  C-OH) (+KMnO4 + R-OH 
Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid 1° Alcohol Oxidation (+O) R-CO-R
(+K2Cr2O7 + R-OH R-HC=O
Hydrogenation
(+H2 C-OH)
(+NaOH) Aldehydes

Ester
Oxidation (+O)(+KMnO4)
Ketones

Esterification (Condensation/Dehydration)
(COOH + R-OH +H2SO4  R-C00-R = H2O) Carboxylic Acid

Hydration Condensation/Dehydration
(+H2O) (+NH3)

Amide

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