Grade 12 Biology (SBI 4U1) Unit Test

Unit: Cellular Functions 92 Marks

DO NOT write on the Question Sheets

Part A - Multiple Choice (30 marks)

1. The monomer of a nucleic acid is a(an)

a) monosaccharide.
b) fatty acid.
c) nucleotide.
d) amino acid.

2. The monomer of a carbohydrate is a(an)

a) monosaccharide.
b) carboxylic acid.
c) nucleotide.
d) amino acid.

3. Which type of molecule is used to store energy AND appears in cell membranes?
a) lipids
b) nucleic acids
c) proteins
d) monosaccharides

4. Which of the following is used as a carbohydrate storage molecule in humans?

a) cellulose
b) glycerol
c) glycogen
d) starch

5. Enzymes are responsible for accelerating chemical reactions in cells. They are composed
of
a) fats.
b) carbohydrates.
c) proteins.
d) nucleic acids.

6. Which of the following is NOT a part of an amino acid?

a) a peptide bond
b) an amino group
c) a carboxyl group
d) an R group

7. During the process of dehydration synthesis:

a) a linkage is hydrolyzed (destroyed).
b) water is produced (released).
c) water is utilized (absorbed).
d) both a and c

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8. In polysaccharides, what are the bonds between monosaccharides called?
a) peptide bonds
b) ester bonds
c) hydroxyl bonds
d) ether bonds

9. What does the hydrolysis of a maltose molecule produce?

a) two glucose molecules
b) glucose and galactose
c) glucose and fructose
d) a polysaccharide

10. What nutritional function do fats share with carbohydrates?

a) they both provide energy
b) they both aid in the absorption of vitamins
c) they both act as insulators
d) they both act in cell communication

11. Saturated fatty acids

a) contain no double bonds between the carbon atoms.
b) contain at least one double bond between the carbon atoms.
c) are composed of two fatty acids and glycerol.
d) are the energy molecules of cells.

12. Which of the following molecules is not a nucleic acid?

a) adenosine triphosphate
b) deoxyribonucleic acid
c) cholesterol
d) ribonucleic acid

13. In a molecule of DNA what holds the complimentary nitrogenous bases together?
a) covalent bonds
b) hydrogen bonds
c) ionic bonds
d) none of the above

14. Which compound will you find in abundance in the cell wall?
a) cellulose
b) glycogen
c) glycocalyx
d) maltose

15. In order to survive, all living things need

a) water.
b) carbon dioxide.
c) oxygen.
d) ethyl alcohol.

16. The basic structural and functional unit of all living things is the
a) enzyme.
b) nucleus.
c) cell.
d) protein.

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17. Vesicles can be formed from portions of
a) transport proteins.
b) the cell membrane.
c) the cell wall.
d) the nuclear membrane.

18. Which of the following organelles is referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell?
a) lysosome
b) mitochondrion
c) nucleus
d) chloroplast

19. The chromatin of plant and animal cells is located in the

a) mitochondria.
b) Golgi bodies.
c) nucleus.
d) nucleolus.

20. During the process of secretion, proteins are carried to the plasma membrane by
a) vacuoles.
b) flagella.
c) microtubules.
d) vesicles.

21. Which of the following organelles is not present in animal cells?

a) lysosome
b) rough endoplasmic reticulum
c) chloroplast
d) mitochondrion

22. Which cell structure is responsible for the rigid shape of plant cells?
a) lysosome
b) cytoplasm
c) cell membrane
d) cell wall

23. Solutions that contain equal concentrations of dissolved matter are called
a) hypertonic.
b) hypotonic.
c) isotonic.
d) equitonic.

24. Plasmolysis causes plants to

a) grow.
b) wilt.
c) burst.
d) swell.

25. Which of the following is an example of passive transport?

a) transport by vesicles
b) phagocytosis
c) facilitated diffusion
d) receptor mediated endocytosis

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26. The relocation of water molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration is called
a) diffusion.
b) collision.
c) plasmolysis.
d) osmosis.

27. People who exercise often lose a tremendous amount of salt as well as water when they
perspire. Following extreme exertion on a very hot day, a person who drinks only water to
replace lost fluids may become ill. An examination of the person’s blood after drinking the
water would reveal that many red blood cells have become swollen and that some have
ruptured. Why did the red blood cells rupture?
a) The blood plasma became hypertonic to the red blood cells.
b) The blood plasma became hypotonic to the red blood cells.
c) The blood plasma became isotonic to the red blood cells.
d) The blood plasma became equitonic to the red blood cells.

28. Which of the following best describes the results of placing a cell containing 70% water and
30% solutes into a solution containing 90% water and 10% solutes?
a) The cell would be hypertonic to the solution.
b) The solution would be hypotonic to the cell.
c) The solution would be hypertonic to the cell.
d) both a) and b)

29. Which of the following processes requires oxygen as a reactant (starting material)?
a) photosynthesis
b) cellular respiration
c) lactic acid fermentation
d) alcoholic fermentation

30. During which reaction is a water molecule split by solar energy?

a) light reactions of photosynthesis (light-dependent phase)
b) Calvin cycle of photosynthesis (light-independent phase)
c) anaerobic stage of cellular respiration (glycolysis)
d) aerobic stage of cellular respiration (Krebs cycle and electron transport chain)

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 Part B - Short Answer (20 MARKS) **ANSWER SHEET ON BACK OF TEST**
31. What are the two functional groups found on an amino acid?
32. What is the fewest number of cells found in any organism?
33. What molecule is the primary energy source for life?
34. What type of cell membrane allows any material to pass through it?
35. What organelles package proteins in vesicles and secrete them out of the cell?
36. What is the name of the organelle in plants that stores water and starch?
37. What structures allow material to move in and out of the nucleus?
38. What is the process of breaking down molecules using water called?
39. What alcohol does fermentation produce?
40. What colour is Mr. Shanks’ shirt today?
41. What is the word that means in the absence of oxygen/does not use oxygen?
42. What vestigial (no longer used) organ in humans do physiologists say used to digest
cellulose, when it was a much larger part of our diet?
43. What kind of fatty acid is the most easily digested?
44. What kind of endoplasmic reticulum makes proteins?
45. What word would you use to describe tail portion of a phospholipid, in relation
to water?
46. If not used by the animal body, what structures will sugars eventually be turned into?
47. Where will you find the matrix?
48. What is the “glue” that holds proteins and other parts of the cell membrane in their basic
place?
49. Where would you find the cytoskeleton?
50. Why does bacteria produce so little energy compared to animals (what are they lacking)?
Part C : TRUE OR FALSE STATEMENTS (8 marks) **ANSWER SHEET ON BACK
OF TEST**
51. Plant cells make food in the mitochondria.
52. RNA and ATP have the same sugars in their structure.
53. A fat molecule is always larger than an oil molecule.
54. Changes in ionic concentration can affect the tertiary structure of a protein.
55. Material that passes through the membrane of a cell must be polar.
56. Animals have no dietary sources of nucleic acids.
57. The secondary structure of proteins describes the three dimensional bends and kinks that
occur due to interactions between the unique portions of each amino acid
58. All cells undergo glycolysis.

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Part D Diagrams:

59. On the diagram below, label any 12 of the 16 arrows. Choose only 12 cell parts to label
AND state their function. (use the page included at the back) (12 Marks)

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Using the diagrams of macromolecules shown complete the directions given (8 Marks) :
** ANSWER ON THIS THE DIAGRAMS ON THIS PAGE**
60) Draw a triangle with the amino acid inside it
61) Draw an ‘X’ on top of the unsaturated fatty acid
62) Draw a Money Sign ($) covering the protein
63) Draw a circle around the glycerol
64) Make the phospholipid into an Ostrich
65) Draw a rectangle surrounding the saturated fatty acid
66) Make the Adenine Triphosphate look like a car
67) Draw a Star on top of the Glucose

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 PART E – LONG ANSWER
**ANSWER ON THE PAPER PROVIDED**

CHOOSE ONLY 2 OF THE 3 FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO

ANSWER
81. Choose 1 of the questions below and answer using full sentences. Defend your
stand on the issue. (6 MARKS)
A) Should the government make the food industry control the amount of unsaturated
fats and saturated fats they use in their products? Why or why not?
B) Given that insurance agencies and health providers have different rates for
individuals with different health conditions, should they also be allowed to set rates based
on the diet of individuals? Should you have to pay more if you have a burger for lunch
than if you have a salad?
C) People who have nearly drowned in sea water have to be kept under medical
supervision for several hours after they have been revived. Using your understanding of
osmosis, explain why this occurs.
D) Predict the consequences if your body could not perform a) endocytosis or b)
exocytosis.

82. Explain the biological importance of 1 of the following macromolecules. Give examples of
such compounds in our diet and in the body. As well, include an illustration of the structure of
this macromolecule. (6 MARKS)

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 i) Lipids iv) Nucleic Acid
ii) Proteins
iii) Carbohydrates

83. Complete Both I. and II. (6 MARKS)

I. Choose ONE of the following questions (i.e. choose a, b, or c). (structures = 4 marks,
importance = 2 marks)
a) Draw the structure of a disaccharide, and then show the process of hydrolysis. Explain
the biological importance of carbohydrates.
b) Draw the structure of a triglyceride and then show the process of hydrolysis. Explain the
biological importance of fats.
c) Draw the structure of a protein containing 3 amino acids and then show the process of
hydrolysis. Explain the biological importance of proteins.
II.A microscope has a magnification of 40 x at low power and 400 x at high power. The field
diameter at low power is 2.5 mm.
a) Calculate the field diameter at high power. (1 mark)
b) Calculate the size of a cell (in m) that fits across the field of view 7 times at high power.
(2 marks)

TOTAL /92

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 ANSWER SHEET
PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE
REFER TO SCANTRON SHEET

PART B: SHORT ANSWER

31. 42.
32. 43.
33. 44.
34. 45.
35. 46.
36. 47.
37. 48.
38. 49.
39. 50.
40.
41.
(T)RUE OR (F)ALSE
(Circle the Correct Letter)
51. T F 55. T F
52. T F 56. T F
53. T F 57. T F
54. T F 58. T F
PART D: DIAGRAMS
59: CELL DIAGRAM
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___. ___.
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___. ___.
___. ___.
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*** MACROMOLECULES DIAGRAMS TO BE

ANSWERED ON THE SHEET WITH THE
ILLUSTRATIONS***
MARK /8

PART D LONG ANSWER

Question # 8__ /6
Question # 8__ /6

TOTAL /92