KEN ENGINEERING SERVICES

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

Rm. 404 Ambrolina Bldg., Lepanto St., Sampaloc Manila

Contact nos. (02) 296-3364, 0999-8894630, 0917-8868832
E-mail add: [email protected] ; [email protected]
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR FIELD WORKS, FABRICATION,
ASSEMBLY AND INSTALLATION – SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

SECTION 1 - CLEARING OF SITE

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE
Furnish equipment and perform labor required to complete :
demolition of existing structures, removal of grasses and shrubs, disposal of resulting
trash, waste, stumps and other vegetation.

1.2 EXAMINATION OF SITE

Visit the site of the work and examine the premises to fully understand all existing
conditions relative to the work. No increase in cost or extension of performance time
will be considered for failure to verify and know actual site conditions.

1.03 PROTECTION
Protect adjacent properties, persons, shrubs, trees, lawns, structures, and utilities against
harm or damage.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 DISPOSAL OF MATERIALS

A. All salvageable materials shall remain the property of the owner.

Hauling and stacking of salvaged materials within a 300 meter radius to
Owner’s specified storage shall be the account of the contractor.

B. All debris and other materials resulting from the demolition work shall be
immediately removed from the premises and dumped at sites provided by the
Contractor in a manner approved by the Engineer.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 DEMOLITION

A. Demolish and remove from site existing structures and other obstructions upon
approval by the Engineer.

B. Where existing concrete on ground is to be demolished, remove all existing concrete

n ground is to be demolished, remove all existing concrete and other obstructions to
a depth of 300 mm below grade.
 C. Cap all existing utility lines. Consult Owner or his representative before
commencing work.

3.2 CLEARING AND GRUBBING

Grub or clear under growth, bushes, vegetation rubbish and all objectionable and
dispose in accordance with item 2.01 of this section.

3.3 REPAIRS

A. Repair damage done to property of any person or persons on or of the premises, by

reason of the required work for demolition, and removal.

SECTION 2 - EARTHWORKS

PART 1 – GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE

A. Furnish material and equipment and perform labor and services required to
complete:

Stripping
Site grading
Excavation
Back filling
Compaction
Dewatering

B. See drawings for location and extent of work required.

1.2 VERIFICATION OF EXISTING CONDITIONS

Verify and examine the site of work to familiarize with the character of materials to be
encountered and all other existing conditions affecting the work.

1.3 PROTECTION

A. Provide adequate measures to protect materials, men and adjoining property.

B. Provide for surface drainage during the period of construction in such manner as to
avoid creating a nuisance to adjacent areas. Keep all excavation free of water at all
times.
PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. Excavated materials approved for use as backfill shall be free of stones larger than
75mm longest dimensions, roots and organic materials.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 STRIPPING

A. Strip off only in areas required as shown in the plans. Remove topsoil to depth
indicated or as a required by he Engineer but in less than 150 mm depth, prior to start
of regular excavation or backfilling work.

B. Stock pile remove topsoil separate from other excavated material in locations
designated by the Engineer band for spread and compact with a light roller in areas
indicated in the plans or where directed by the Engineer.

3.2 SITE GRADING

Cut or fill and machine grade the site area. Deposit materials in loose layers not exceeding
200 mm in depth. Rough grade elevations and levels shall be approximately 150 mm the
bottom of slabs on grade, 250 mm below paving finish grades and 150 mm below finish
grades in areas to be lawn seeded or landscaped.

3.3 STAKE AND BATTER BOARDS

A. Batter boards and reference marks shall be erected at location where they will not be
disturbed during the construction.

B. Construct two permanent benchmarks or previously known elevations near the site
of construction.

3.4 EXCAVATION

A. Excavated to the dimensions and elevations indicated on the drawings. Carry

excavation to depths directed by the Engineer.

B. Bottoms on excavations shall be level, free from loose material, and brought o
indicated or required levels in undisturbed earth or in compacted fill.

C. Excavate with proper allowance made for wall footings, embedded the beams and
adequate space for inspection of foundation.
3.5 SOIL COMPACTION

A. Backfilling material to be used for the structures shall be placed at 300 mm in loose
layers. Each layer shall be moisture conditioned and compacted to at least 80% of
maximum dry density.

3.6 BACKFILLING

A. Prior to backfilling around structures, remove all forms, trash and debris.

B. Backfill around structures only after the concrete has attained sufficient strength to
resist lateral pressure resulting from the backfill.

3.7 DEWATERING

A. Pump water out of excavated areas throughout the construction period. Water shall
not be discharged into adjacent developed property.

3.08 DISPOSAL OF EXCAVATED MATERIAL

Surplus materials resulting from all earthwork operations not required or unsuitable for fill
or backfill shall be disposed off by the Contractor at his own expense in areas of the site provided
by the Owner.

SECTION 3 - CONCRETE FORMWORKS

PART 1 – GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE

A. Furnish materials and equipment and perform labor required to complete: all cast-in
place concrete formwork.

B. All work shall be done in accordance with the minimum requirements of the
AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE BUILDING CODE FOR REINFORCED
CONCRETE ACT 38-95 except as modified herein.

1.2 PROTECTION

A. Provide adequately braced forms that will produce correctly aligned concrete, able to
meet the specific weights and side pressure of newly placed concrete.

B. Choose form fittings that adequate to the purpose.

 C. Exercise care in the choice of surface forms and form fittings that will be in contact
with concrete.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. Forms

Use plywood, metal or surface lumber forms.

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A Check all forms to conform the shape, lines and dimensions of the members all
called for the plans.

B. Check all formworks for plumbness and correct alignment.

SECTION 4 - CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE

A. Furnish materials and equipment and perform labor required to complete:

Steel reinforcing bars

Bar supports and
Miscellaneous reinforcement accessories

1.2 PROTECTION AND STORAGE

Protect steel reinforcement adequately from rusting and store under cover.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. STEEL BARS
 1. Shall be new and free from rust, oil, grease, scale, defects or kinks or other
coating which will impair the bond.

2. Shall conform to the Philippine National Standard (PNS) 49 or to ASTM

Designation A615 Specification with yields strength of 275 Mpa (40,000 psi) for
Deformed Billet Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement.

2.2 STORAGE OF MATERIALS

A. Storage reinforcing steel on supports above ground/floor level. Keep covered with
tarpaulins if required due to a delay in use.

B. Coat all forms with Non-crete coating or other approved form oil before enforcement
is placed. Remove all surplus oil on form surfaces.

2.3 FORMS AND SHORINGS

A. REMOVAL

1. Remove forms only upon approval of the Engineer in such manner and at such
time as to ensure the complete safety structure. In no case shall the supporting
forms and shoring be removed until the members have attained sufficient
strength to support safety their weight and load thereon.

2. Exercise due care while, stripping forms and protect corners subsequently against
chipping or other damage by approved means.

3. The results of suitable control tests shall be used as evidence that the concrete
has attained sufficient strength to permit removal of shorings and supporting
forms. Cylinders required for control test shall be made in addition to those
required by this specification.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 PEPARATION
A. Before placing reinforcement and before pouring of concrete, remove all loose rust,
mill scale oil, or other adhering materials which to reduce or destroy bond between
concrete and reinforcement.

3.02 PLACING REINFORCEMENT

A. METAL REINFORCEMENT

1. Placing shall be in accordance with the plans furnished. Refer to the Engineer in
case of doubt placing of steel.
 2. Reinforcing bars shall be accurately and adequately secured with concrete metal
wires, or metal spacers, ties or other accessories.

SECTION 5 - CAST – IN – PLACE CONCRETE

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE

A. Furnish material and equipment and perform labor required to complete:

Proportioning
Mixing
Placement
Curing and
Finishing of concrete

1.2 PROTECTION AND STORAGE

A. Cement – store in dry, water tight, properly ventilated structure.

B. Aggregate – prevent from inclusions of foreign matter. Maintain storage pills n a

manner that will afford good drainage. Prevent segregation of particles size.

1.3 DESIGN STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

Minimum ultimate comprehensive strength of concrete at 28 days not be less than 24.00
Mpa (3,500psi)

Lean concrete shall be at Mpa (1,500 psi)

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. CEMENT
Use only brand of cement throughout Portland cement shall conform to the Standard
Specifications for Portland Cement (ASTM Designation C-150 latest Revision) for
type 1 Portland Cement.

B. Concrete Aggregates

1. Use well graded, clean hard particles of gravel or crushed rock conforming to the
“STANDARD” (ASTM Designation C-33 latest revision).
 2. Maximum size aggregate shall not be larger than 1/5 of the narrowest dimension
between sides of the forms nor larger than 20 mm. (3/4”) of the maximum clear
spacing between reinforcing bars, and in no case larger than 25mm (1”) in
diameter.

C. WATER

Use only water that is clean and free from injurious amounts of oil, acids alkali,
organic materials and other deleterious substances. Fit for drinking.

D. SAND

Clean river, sand, free from organic and other deleterious matte. And from salt is not
allowed

E. CONCRETE ADMIXTURES

Accelerators: REBLAST CL or Approved equal recommended by the manufacturer

with approval of the Engineer.

F. CONCRETE CURING

Provide PVC water stops and sealant along construction joints type of which shall be
approved by the Engineer.

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.01 PREPARATION

A. Inspect and clean all forms and check all installation before placing concrete.

B. Wet surfaces thoroughly and grout before placing concrete.

C. Clan all laitance from previous pouring and possibly expose aggregates before
renewing pouring.

3.02 DEPOSITING CONCRETE

A. Do not start placing of concrete until the forms and reinforcing for the whole unit to
be poured have been completed, cleaned, inspected and approved.

C. Do depositing without segregation, re handling or flowing of concrete. Do it with

the use of buggies, buckets, or wheelbarrows.

D. Never allows placing of concrete without vibrators. Avoid segregation due to over
vibration
 E. Construction Joints

1. If possible, do concreting continuously, until section is complete. When

stoppage of concrete operations occur, place construction joints either
horizontally or vertically as approved by the Engineer and be provided with shear
keys or dowels to develop bond.

2. Provide PVC water stops and sealant along construction joint under water.

3. Roughen and clean construction joints and just before placing of concrete, wet
and slush with cement mortar.

4. Consult Engineer as to the detail of construction joints

3.3 CURING CONCRETE

A. FINISHED SURFACE

1. Keep concrete continuously wet for at least one week after placing.

2. Begin curing as soon as concrete has attained initial set.

3. Spray floors and vertical surface with an approved curing compound.

SECTION 6 - MISCELLANEOUS METALS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE

Furnish material and equipment and perform all works necessary to complete:

All miscellaneous meal works as shown and as hereinafter specified.

The work includes but is not necessary limited to he following:

Steel Pipe Railings

Steel Pipe Support
Steel Plate and Miscellaneous Accessories ( weirs, base plate, etc.)

See drawings for sizes, details and location of work required.

1.2 SUBMITTAL
 Shop Drawings Submit detailed drawings for approval prior to ordering metals or
fabrication. Show complete information concerning fabrication, installation, insert
location, joint details, fastening and other information requested by the Engineer. Shop
drawings shall be submitted in accordance with the requirements of the General
Conditions. Minor variation in details for the purpose of improving fabrication and
installation procedures, but not affecting the exterior design concept or structural stability
will be given consideration if submitted

1.3 MEASUREMENT AND COORDINATION

Obtain measurements for all work required to be accurately fitted at the job and not from the
drawings. The Contractor will be responsible for the accuracy of all such measurements and
the precise fitting and assembly of the finish products. Coordinate the work with that of all
other trades to prevent interference. Verify conditions at the job before fabrication.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS
2.2 Steel Framing: Provide steel pipe framing for railings.
Framing shall be galvanized steel pipe Schedule 40.

B. Miscellaneous: Miscellaneous materials or accessories not listed above shall be

provided as specified hereinafter the various items of work and/or indicated on the drawings,
or in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications.

PART 3 – EXECUTION

3.1 WORKMANSHIP

A. Make all works well formed to shape and size shown and assemble as detailed. All
items shall be of the materials, design, shape, sizes and thickness shown or called for
on the drawings and herein specified. Methods of fabrication and assembly
however, unless otherwise specifically stated, shall be of first quality craftsmanship
and at the discretion of he Contractors whose responsibility shall be to guarantee
satisfactory performance as herein specified.

B. Cut, shear and punch to produce clean, true and surfaces with burrs removed.

C. Weld connections as indicated. Make all details of assemble strong with sufficient
stiffness. Form joints exposed to weather in a manner to exclude water.

D. All ferrous metal chambers excluding concrete embedded parts shall have a shop
coat of zinc chromate shall be applied to all metal parts.
E. Provide all works proper clearance. Fabricate and install in a manner to provide for
expansion and contraction but will insure rigidity and provide close fitting of section.