Lovely Professional University, Punjab

Course Code Course Title Course Planner

ASE344 HELICOPTER THEORY AND AERODYNAMICS 25010::Dr. Amit Kumar Thakur

Course Outcomes :Through this course students should be able to

CO1 :: define and become familiarize on major helicopter components, characteristics and configurations.
CO2 :: illustrate and familiar with major issues involved in forward flight rotor theory
CO3 :: observe with special concept of hovering and maneuvering of helicopter
CO4 :: recite the basic ideas of performance and associated stability problems of helicopter
CO5 :: observe the concepts of ideal rotor blade theory , stall and drag
CO6 :: discuss and understand the theory behind VTOL, STOL and its stability

TextBooks ( T )
Sr No Title Author Publisher Name
T-1 HELICOPTER AERODYNAMICS ETHIRAJAN RATHA PHI LEARNING DELHI
KRISHNAN
Reference Books ( R )
Sr No Title Author Publisher Name
R-1 STOCK IMAGE THE JOHN FAY CHARLES C THOMAS PUBLISHER LTD
HELICOPTER: HISTORY,
PILOTING & HOW IT FLIES

Relevant Websites ( RW )
Sr No (Web address) (only if relevant to the course) Salient Features
RW-1 https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/57483.pdf Helicopter Flight Physics

RW-2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helicopter_rotor Different types of rotors

RW-3 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helicopter_flight_controls#Cyclic Cyclic pitch

RW-4 https://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/flight/modern/helicopter9.htm Helicopter Hovering

RW-5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blade_element_theory Blade Element Theory

An instruction plan is only a tentative plan. The teacher may make some changes in his/her teaching plan. The students are advised to use syllabus for preparation of all examinations. The students are expected to keep themselves
updated on the contemporary issues related to the course. Upto 20% of the questions in any examination/Academic tasks can be asked from such issues even if not explicitly mentioned in the instruction plan.
 RW-6 https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/downloadFile/845043405440067/9-Blade%20element BEMT applied to helicopter blades
%20momentum%20theory.pdf
RW-7 http://www.copters.com/aero/ground_effect.html Ground effect

RW-8 http://www.aerospaceweb.org/design/helicopter/hinges.shtml Rotors and Flapping hinge

RW-9 https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/helicopter_flyin Types of drag

g_handbook/media/hfh_ch02.pdf
RW-10 http://www.helistart.com/liftdragratio.aspx Lift / Drag Ratio

RW-11 http://www.griffin-helicopters.co.uk/note/helicopterpower.htm Power Required

RW-12 https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/parasite+power Parasite Power

RW-13 https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Retreating_Blade_Stall Retreating Blade Stall

RW-14 http://helicopterblog.com/?p=986 Helicopter Stability

RW-15 https://www.iitk.ac.in/aero/abhishek/files/ARF_2015_stability.pdf Stability Analysis of Various geometry helicopters

Audio Visual Aids ( AV )

Sr No (AV aids) (only if relevant to the course) Salient Features
AV-1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tdnqZgKa0E How do helicopters fly?

LTP week distribution: (LTP Weeks)

Weeks before MTE 7
Weeks After MTE 7
Spill Over (Lecture) 7

Detailed Plan For Lectures

Week Lecture Broad Topic(Sub Topic) Chapters/Sections of Other Readings, Lecture Description Learning Outcomes Pedagogical Tool Live Examples
Number Number Text/reference Relevant Websites, Demonstration/
books Audio Visual Aids, Case Study /
software and Virtual Images /
Labs animation / ppt
etc. Planned
Week 1 Lecture 1 Introduction to helicopter T-1 AV-1 Zero lecture and Basic Define and become Lecture delivery Mi-24, Chinook,
(Helicopter configuration) R-1 introduction about the familiarize on major and discussion Multi rotors
configurations helicopter
components,
characteristics and
configurations.

An instruction plan is only a tentative plan. The teacher may make some changes in his/her teaching plan. The students are advised to use syllabus for preparation of all examinations. The students are expected to keep themselves
updated on the contemporary issues related to the course. Upto 20% of the questions in any examination/Academic tasks can be asked from such issues even if not explicitly mentioned in the instruction plan.
Week 1 Lecture 2 Introduction to helicopter T-1 RW-2 Specifications of Define and become Lecture delivery,
(specifics of helicopter) RW-8 Helicopter Basic familiarize on major PPT and discussion
AV-1 introduction about the helicopter
different rotor systems components,
characteristics and
configurations.
Introduction to helicopter T-1 RW-2 Specifications of Define and become Lecture delivery,
(articulated rotor system) RW-8 Helicopter Basic familiarize on major PPT and discussion
AV-1 introduction about the helicopter
different rotor systems components,
characteristics and
configurations.
Lecture 3 Introduction to helicopter T-1 RW-2 Explanation of cyclic Define and become Lecture delivery, Swash Plate
(effect of cyclic pitch) RW-3 pitch and its importance familiarize on major ppt and discussion
RW-4 on the performance helicopter
components,
characteristics and
configurations.
Introduction to helicopter T-1 RW-2 Explanation of cyclic Define and become Lecture delivery, Swash Plate
(swash plate and rotor RW-3 pitch and its importance familiarize on major ppt and discussion
system) RW-4 on the performance helicopter
components,
characteristics and
configurations.
Week 2 Lecture 4 Introduction to helicopter T-1 RW-2 Introduction about the Define and become Lecture delivery Quadcopters
(semi rigid rotor and rigid R-1 RW-4 different rotor systems. familiarize on major and video
rotor) AV-1 Explanation of hovering helicopter demonstration.
components,
characteristics and
configurations.
Introduction to helicopter T-1 RW-2 Introduction about the Define and become Lecture delivery Quadcopters
(concept of hovering) R-1 RW-4 different rotor systems. familiarize on major and video
AV-1 Explanation of hovering helicopter demonstration.
components,
characteristics and
configurations.
Lecture 5 Introduction to helicopter T-1 RW-5 Introduction to blade Define and become Lecture delivery
(blade element theory) RW-6 element theory and its familiarize on major and discussion
derivation. Solving helicopter
Numerical problems. components,
characteristics and
configurations.

An instruction plan is only a tentative plan. The teacher may make some changes in his/her teaching plan. The students are advised to use syllabus for preparation of all examinations. The students are expected to keep themselves
updated on the contemporary issues related to the course. Upto 20% of the questions in any examination/Academic tasks can be asked from such issues even if not explicitly mentioned in the instruction plan.
Week 2 Lecture 5 Introduction to helicopter T-1 RW-5 Introduction to blade Define and become Lecture delivery
(elementary numerical RW-6 element theory and its familiarize on major and discussion
solutions) derivation. Solving helicopter
Numerical problems. components,
characteristics and
configurations.

Lecture 6 Performance of hovering T-1 Introduction to Hovering Illustrate and familiar Lecture Helicopter
and climbing(Introduction) R-1 and its performance with major issues delivery,and Landing and
analysis involved in forward Powerpoint Rescue.
flight rotor theory presentation

Performance of hovering T-1 Introduction to Hovering Illustrate and familiar Lecture Helicopter
and climbing(Rapid R-1 and its performance with major issues delivery,and Landing and
performance in hover) analysis involved in forward Powerpoint Rescue.
flight rotor theory presentation

Week 3 Lecture 7 Performance of hovering T-1 Explanation about Illustrate and familiar Lecture
and climbing(equivalent equivalent chord and with major issues delivery,and
chord) derivation of optimum involved in forward Powerpoint
hovering of rotor. flight rotor theory. presentation

Performance of hovering T-1 Explanation about Illustrate and familiar Lecture

and climbing(Optimum equivalent chord and with major issues delivery,and
hovering of rotor) derivation of optimum involved in forward Powerpoint
hovering of rotor. flight rotor theory. presentation

Lecture 8 Performance of hovering T-1 RW-9 Explanation about Illustrate and familiar Lecture
and climbing(induced induced drag and its with major issues delivery,and
torque) impact on performance involved in forward Powerpoint
flight rotor theory presentation

Lecture 9 Performance of hovering T-1 RW-9 Explanation about Illustrate and familiar Lecture
and climbing(profile drag profile drag and its with major issues delivery,and
torque) impact on performance involved in forward Powerpoint
flight rotor theory presentation

Week 4 Lecture 10 Performance of hovering T-1 Derivation of optimum Illustrate and familiar Lecture delivery
and climbing(performance rotor design and its with major issues and discussion
equation and optimum rotor performance equation involved in forward
design) flight rotor theory

Lecture 11 Performance of hovering T-1 RW-1 To provide knowledge Illustrate and familiar Lecture delivery, Helicopter
and climbing(ground effect) R-1 RW-7 on the influence of with major issues ppt and discussion Take-off and
ground effects on the involved in forward Landing
helicopter performance flight rotor theory

An instruction plan is only a tentative plan. The teacher may make some changes in his/her teaching plan. The students are advised to use syllabus for preparation of all examinations. The students are expected to keep themselves
updated on the contemporary issues related to the course. Upto 20% of the questions in any examination/Academic tasks can be asked from such issues even if not explicitly mentioned in the instruction plan.
Week 4 Lecture 12 Performance of hovering T-1 Solving numerical Illustrate and familiar White board and
and climbing(numerical problems with major issues discussion
solutions) involved in forward
flight rotor theory
Week 5 Lecture 13 Online Assignment
Lecture 14 Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-2 Explain the concept of Observe with special Lecture delivery, Rotor of RC
flight(Flapping and lag R-1 RW-8 flapping hinge and lag concept of hovering ppt and discussion Helicopter
hinge) hinge and maneuvering of
helicopter
Lecture 15 Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-4 Explain the concept of Observe with special Lecture Un-accelerated
flight(steady hover) steady hover and concept of hovering delivery,and Steady flight of
derivation of and maneuvering of Powerpoint Helicopter
equilibrium in helicopter presentation
horizontal blade

Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-4 Explain the concept of Observe with special Lecture Un-accelerated
flight(equilibrium in steady hover and concept of hovering delivery,and Steady flight of
horizontal blade) derivation of and maneuvering of Powerpoint Helicopter
equilibrium in helicopter presentation
horizontal blade

Week 6 Lecture 16 Performance of horizontal T-1 To introduce the concept observe with special Lecture
flight(flapping blade and of flapping blade and concept of hovering delivery,and
spring mass concept) spring mass and maneuvering of Powerpoint
helicopter presentation

Lecture 17 Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-1 Explanation on induced Observe with special Lecture delivery
flight(induced velocity) velocity and blade concept of hovering and discussion
element angle of attack and maneuvering of
helicopter

Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-1 Explanation on induced Observe with special Lecture delivery
flight(blade element angle of velocity and blade concept of hovering and discussion
attack) element angle of attack and maneuvering of
helicopter

Lecture 18 Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-9 To introducing the Observe with special Lecture delivery
flight(flapping coefficient- concept of flaping, concept of hovering and discussion
torque coefficient) torque, and drag and maneuvering of
coefficient, explanation helicopter
of profile drag

Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-9 To introducing the Observe with special Lecture delivery
flight(drag coefficient) concept of flaping, concept of hovering and discussion
torque, and drag and maneuvering of
coefficient, explanation helicopter
of profile drag

An instruction plan is only a tentative plan. The teacher may make some changes in his/her teaching plan. The students are advised to use syllabus for preparation of all examinations. The students are expected to keep themselves
updated on the contemporary issues related to the course. Upto 20% of the questions in any examination/Academic tasks can be asked from such issues even if not explicitly mentioned in the instruction plan.
Week 6 Lecture 18 Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-9 To introducing the Observe with special Lecture delivery
flight(profile drag) concept of flaping, concept of hovering and discussion
torque, and drag and maneuvering of
coefficient, explanation helicopter
of profile drag

Week 7 Lecture 19 Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-10 Explanation of Observe with special Lecture delivery
flight(decelerating torque) decelerating torque and concept of hovering and discussion
to introduce the concept and maneuvering of
of induced to lift to drag helicopter
ratio
Solving Numerical
problems
Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-10 Explanation of Observe with special Lecture delivery
flight(induced drag to lift decelerating torque and concept of hovering and discussion
ratio) to introduce the concept and maneuvering of
of induced to lift to drag helicopter
ratio
Solving Numerical
problems
Performance of horizontal T-1 RW-10 Explanation of Observe with special Lecture delivery
flight(numerical solutions) decelerating torque and concept of hovering and discussion
to introduce the concept and maneuvering of
of induced to lift to drag helicopter
ratio
Solving Numerical
problems

SPILL OVER
Week 7 Lecture 20 Spill Over
Lecture 21 Spill Over

MID-TERM
Week 8 Lecture 22 Forward flight(Performance T-1 Explain about the Recite the basic ideas Lecture delivery
equation) performance of forward of performance and and discussion
flight and derivation of associated stability
its performance equation problems of
helicopter

Lecture 23 Forward flight(drag lift T-1 RW-9 To understand the Recite the basic ideas Lecture delivery,
ration) R-1 importance of drag lift of performance and PPT and discussion
ratio and parasite drag associated stability
coefficient on the flight problems of
performance helicopter

An instruction plan is only a tentative plan. The teacher may make some changes in his/her teaching plan. The students are advised to use syllabus for preparation of all examinations. The students are expected to keep themselves
updated on the contemporary issues related to the course. Upto 20% of the questions in any examination/Academic tasks can be asked from such issues even if not explicitly mentioned in the instruction plan.
Week 8 Lecture 23 Forward flight(parasite drag T-1 RW-9 To understand the Recite the basic ideas Lecture delivery,
coefficient) importance of drag lift of performance and PPT and discussion
ratio and parasite drag associated stability
coefficient on the flight problems of
performance helicopter

Lecture 24 Forward flight(climb drag T-1 To understand the Recite the basic ideas Lecture delivery Vertical flight
lift ratio) importance of climb of performance and and Powerpoint and attitude
drag lift ratio on the associated stability presentation control of
forward flight problems of helicopter
performance helicopter

Week 9 Lecture 25 Forward flight(profile drag T-1 To explain the Recite the basic ideas Lecture delivery
to lift ration) importance of power of performance and and Powerpoint
drag to lift ratio and associated stability presentation
drag lift ratio problems of
helicopter
Forward flight(drag lift ratio T-1 To explain the Recite the basic ideas Lecture delivery
chart) importance of power of performance and and Powerpoint
drag to lift ratio and associated stability presentation
drag lift ratio problems of
helicopter
Lecture 26 Forward flight(estimation of T-1 RW-11 To estimate the power Recite the basic ideas Lecture delivery
profile power) profile power of of performance and and discussion
helicopter in forward associated stability
flight problems of
helicopter

Lecture 27 Forward flight(parasite T-1 RW-12 Explain the concept of Recite the basic ideas Lecture delivery,
power) parasite power of performance and PPT and discussion
associated stability
problems of
helicopter

Week 10 Lecture 28 Forward flight(numerical T-1 Solving Numerical Recite the basic ideas White board and
solutions) Problems of performance and discussion
associated stability
problems of
helicopter

Lecture 29 Online Assignment

Lecture 30 Helicopter Blade stall T-1 RW-13 To introduce helicopter Observe the concepts Lecture delivery Stalling of
(Introduction of blade stall R-1 blade stalling and region of ideal rotor blade and discussion Airfoil
region) of stalling theory , stall and drag

An instruction plan is only a tentative plan. The teacher may make some changes in his/her teaching plan. The students are advised to use syllabus for preparation of all examinations. The students are expected to keep themselves
updated on the contemporary issues related to the course. Upto 20% of the questions in any examination/Academic tasks can be asked from such issues even if not explicitly mentioned in the instruction plan.
Week 10 Lecture 30 Helicopter Blade stall(power T-1 RW-13 To introduce helicopter Observe the concepts Lecture delivery Stalling of
losses) R-1 blade stalling and region of ideal rotor blade and discussion Airfoil
of stalling theory , stall and drag

Week 11 Lecture 31 Helicopter Blade stall(means T-1 RW-13 To explain the different Observe the concepts Lecture delivery,
of delaying of blade stall) R-1 methods to delay the of ideal rotor blade PPT and discussion
stalling theory , stall and drag

Helicopter Blade stall T-1 RW-13 To explain the different Observe the concepts Lecture delivery,
(reduction in fuselage drag) R-1 methods to delay the of ideal rotor blade PPT and discussion
stalling theory , stall and drag

Lecture 32 Helicopter Blade stall T-1 Explain the effects of Observe the concepts Lecture delivery
(reduction in blade loading) R-1 blade loading and blade of ideal rotor blade and discussion
twisting theory , stall and drag

Helicopter Blade stall(blade T-1 Explain the effects of Observe the concepts Lecture delivery
twist angle) R-1 blade loading and blade of ideal rotor blade and discussion
twisting theory , stall and drag

Lecture 33 Helicopter Blade stall T-1 RW-13 To introduce the concept Observe the concepts Lecture delivery
(calculating angle of attack of retreating tip and of ideal rotor blade and discussion
at retreating tip) method of calculating theory , stall and drag
angle of attack at
retreating tip

Week 12 Lecture 34 Helicopter Blade stall T-1 To clarify the roll of Observe the concepts Lecture delivery
(consideration of stall loss in stall characteristics on of ideal rotor blade and discussion
performance) the performance theory , stall and drag

Lecture 35 Helicopter Blade stall T-1 Solving Numerical Observe the concepts White board and
(numerical solutions) Problems of ideal rotor blade discussion
theory , stall and drag
Lecture 36 Online Assignment
Week 13 Lecture 37 Helicopter stability and T-1 RW-14 To understand the static Discuss and Lecture delivery, Helicopter
control(Introduction of rotor R-1 and dynamic stability of understand the theory PPT and discussion flying with gust
stability trim and term) helicopter and to behind VTOL, STOL wing
introduce the effect of and its stability
trim on rotor stability

Helicopter stability and T-1 RW-14 To understand the static Discuss and Lecture delivery, Helicopter
control(static stability and R-1 and dynamic stability of understand the theory PPT and discussion flying with gust
dynamic stability of helicopter and to behind VTOL, STOL wing
helicopter) introduce the effect of and its stability
trim on rotor stability

An instruction plan is only a tentative plan. The teacher may make some changes in his/her teaching plan. The students are advised to use syllabus for preparation of all examinations. The students are expected to keep themselves
updated on the contemporary issues related to the course. Upto 20% of the questions in any examination/Academic tasks can be asked from such issues even if not explicitly mentioned in the instruction plan.
Week 13 Lecture 38 Helicopter stability and T-1 RW-15 To understand the static Discuss and Lecture delivery, Hovering RC
control(rotor static stability) and dynamic stability of understand the theory PPT and discussion copter
helicopter and to behind VTOL, STOL
introduce the effect of and its stability
trim on rotor stability

Helicopter stability and T-1 RW-15 To understand the static Discuss and Lecture delivery, Hovering RC
control(stability in hover) and dynamic stability of understand the theory PPT and discussion copter
helicopter and to behind VTOL, STOL
introduce the effect of and its stability
trim on rotor stability

Lecture 39 Helicopter stability and T-1 RW-15 Explain the dynamic Discuss and Lecture delivery Tandem
control(dynamic stability) stability of rotor and the understand the theory and discussion Helicopters
factors that reduce the behind VTOL, STOL
dynamic stability and its stability

Helicopter stability and T-1 RW-15 Explain the dynamic Discuss and Lecture delivery Tandem
control(dynamic stability stability of rotor and the understand the theory and discussion Helicopters
reduction) factors that reduce the behind VTOL, STOL
dynamic stability and its stability

Week 14 Lecture 40 Helicopter stability and T-1 RW-15 Explain the static and Discuss and White board,
control(stability in forward dynamic stability of understand the theory Lecture delivery
flight) helicopter in forward behind VTOL, STOL and discussion
flight. Solving and its stability
Numerical problems

Helicopter stability and T-1 RW-15 Explain the static and Discuss and White board,
control(dynamic stability in dynamic stability of understand the theory Lecture delivery
forward flight) helicopter in forward behind VTOL, STOL and discussion
flight. Solving and its stability
Numerical problems

Helicopter stability and T-1 RW-15 Explain the static and Discuss and White board,
control(numerical solutions) dynamic stability of understand the theory Lecture delivery
helicopter in forward behind VTOL, STOL and discussion
flight. Solving and its stability
Numerical problems

SPILL OVER
Week 14 Lecture 41 Spill Over
Lecture 42 Spill Over
Week 15 Lecture 43 Spill Over
Lecture 44 Spill Over

An instruction plan is only a tentative plan. The teacher may make some changes in his/her teaching plan. The students are advised to use syllabus for preparation of all examinations. The students are expected to keep themselves
updated on the contemporary issues related to the course. Upto 20% of the questions in any examination/Academic tasks can be asked from such issues even if not explicitly mentioned in the instruction plan.
Week 15 Lecture 45 Spill Over

An instruction plan is only a tentative plan. The teacher may make some changes in his/her teaching plan. The students are advised to use syllabus for preparation of all examinations. The students are expected to keep themselves
updated on the contemporary issues related to the course. Upto 20% of the questions in any examination/Academic tasks can be asked from such issues even if not explicitly mentioned in the instruction plan.