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What Is Curriculum Development?: Subject-Centered Curriculum Design Is Not Student-Centered, and The Model Is Less

Curriculum development involves five key elements: 1) Situational analysis of conditions like culture and geography, 2) Formulation of objectives based on society, knowledge, learners, and learning, 3) Selection of content considering available resources, societal demands, and student factors, 4) Strategies and methods of teaching to achieve objectives, and 5) Evaluation to continuously improve the curriculum based on research and societal changes. There are different forms of curriculum like subject-centered, learner-centered, and problem-centered, each with benefits and drawbacks to consider for student engagement. Developing an education curriculum requires analyzing student needs and selecting appropriate objectives, content, teaching methods, and evaluation.

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227 views3 pages

What Is Curriculum Development?: Subject-Centered Curriculum Design Is Not Student-Centered, and The Model Is Less

Curriculum development involves five key elements: 1) Situational analysis of conditions like culture and geography, 2) Formulation of objectives based on society, knowledge, learners, and learning, 3) Selection of content considering available resources, societal demands, and student factors, 4) Strategies and methods of teaching to achieve objectives, and 5) Evaluation to continuously improve the curriculum based on research and societal changes. There are different forms of curriculum like subject-centered, learner-centered, and problem-centered, each with benefits and drawbacks to consider for student engagement. Developing an education curriculum requires analyzing student needs and selecting appropriate objectives, content, teaching methods, and evaluation.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Hamza
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Prepared by:

Muhammad Hamza

What is curriculum development?


The word curriculum has roots in Latin. It originally meant “racing chariot” and came from
the verb currere, “to run”.

The way we understand and theorize about curriculum nowadays has altered significantly
over the years. Today, the most simple definition of the word “curriculum” is the subjects
comprising a course of study at schools, universities or colleges.

Various forms of Curriculum:

Subject-centered curriculum design is not student-centered, and the model is less


concerned with individual learning styles compared to other forms of curriculum
design. This can lead to problems with student engagement and motivation and
may cause students who are not responsive to this model to fall behind.

Learner-centered curriculum design, by contrast, revolves around student needs, interests


and goals. It acknowledges that students are not uniform but individuals, and therefore should
not, in all cases, be subject to a standardized curriculum. This approach aims to empower
learners to shape their education through choices.

Differentiated instructional plans provide an opportunity to select assignments, teaching and


learning experiences, or activities. This form of curriculum design has been shown to engage
and motivate students. The drawback to this form of curriculum design is that it can create
pressure on the educator to source materials specific to each student’s learning needs. This
can be challenging due to teaching time constraints. Balancing individual student interests
with the institution’s required outcomes could prove to be a daunting task.

Problem-centered curriculum design teaches students how to look at a problem and


formulate a solution. Considered an authentic form of learning because students are
exposed to real-life issues, this model helps students develop skills that are
transferable to the real world. Problem-centered curriculum design has been shown to
increase the relevance of the curriculum and encourages creativity, innovation and
collaboration in the classroom. The drawback to this format is that it does not always
consider individual learning styles.

By considering all three types of curriculum design before they begin planning,
instructors can choose the types that are best suited to both their students and their
course.

Conclusion:

Developing, designing and implementing an education curriculum is no easy task.


With the rise of educational technology and the diverse types of students attending
higher educational institutions these days, instructors have their work cut out for
them. But by following the fundamental guidelines and framework of curriculum
development, educators will be setting themselves — and their students — up for
long-term success.

Essential Elements of Curriculum:

There are five key elements of curriculum development , according to  Tyler “it is essential as a
part of comprehensive theory of organization to show just what are the elements will serve
satisfactory as organizing elements.” According to Herrick and Tyler, following are the
components and elements of curriculum development

1. Situational analysis
2. Formulation of objectives
3. Selection of content, scope and sequence
4. Activities, strategies and method of teaching
5. Evaluation
Situational Analysis
Situational analysis means the analysis of different conditions such as emotional, political,
cultural, religious and geographical condition of a country. This will help the curriculum planners
in the selection of objectives, selection of organization of learning materials and in suggesting
appropriate evaluation procedure.

Formulation of Objectives
There are four main factors for formulating the objectives of education. These are 
1. The society
2. The knowledge
3. The learner
4. The learning process
All of these factors are to be considered while selecting and formulating the educational
objectives.

Selection of Content
One of the important elements is the selection of content for a subject. At the time of subject
matter selection, the following factors are to be kept in mind:

1. Available sources and resource


2. Demand of the society
3. International needs
4. Level and age of the learner or student
5. Methods of content organization
6. Number of courses offered
7. Quantity and qualification of teaching staff
8. Scope of subject matter
9. System of examination
10. Type of society and culture

Strategies and Method of Teaching


These are strategies and methods of teaching adopted by the teachers during instruction and
learning experiences. This will certainly not fair to ask a teacher for achieving certain objectives
without giving any guidelines. In most of the countries curriculum development is a centralized
process. Teachers are not directly involved in this phase. Most of the teachers do not know the
process of achieving desired goals. After determining the goals and objectives the next problem
is the selection of strategies and methods of teachers. What we should give to our students.
Should a curriculum be fixed or flexible, constant, common or differentiated?
Evaluation
Evaluation is one of the dynamic process, which needs a continuous research and evaluation for
its betterment in order to cope with the variable demands of the society and bring about
desirable changes. Curriculum evaluation is not a student evaluation. It is a broader term being
used to make judgment about the worth and effectiveness of it.  With the help of evaluation
phase experts can modify the curriculum by bringing about desirable changes.

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