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    Kuliah Ke 4 Thin Lenses

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    Aqshal Nur Ikhsan
    This document discusses thin lenses and image formation using lenses. It defines what a thin lens is and how light rays behave when passing through simple convex and concave lenses. The document explains ray tracing and the thin lens equation that can be used to determine the location and characteristics of images formed by lenses. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to use ray tracing and the thin lens equation to calculate image distances and sizes. Sign conventions for quantities in the thin lens equation like focal length and image distance are also defined.

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    Kuliah Ke 4 Thin Lenses

    Uploaded by

    Aqshal Nur Ikhsan
    44 views25 pages
    This document discusses thin lenses and image formation using lenses. It defines what a thin lens is and how light rays behave when passing through simple convex and concave lenses. The document explains ray tracing and the thin lens equation that can be used to determine the location and characteristics of images formed by lenses. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to use ray tracing and the thin lens equation to calculate image distances and sizes. Sign conventions for quantities in the thin lens equation like focal length and image distance are also defined.

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    This document discusses thin lenses and image formation using lenses. It defines what a thin lens is and how light rays behave when passing through simple convex and concave lenses. The document explains ray tracing and the thin lens equation that can be used to determine the location and characteristics of images formed by lenses. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to use ray tracing and the thin lens equation to calculate image distances and sizes. Sign conventions for quantities in the thin lens equation like focal length and image distance are also defined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views25 pages

    Kuliah Ke 4 Thin Lenses

    Uploaded by

    Aqshal Nur Ikhsan
    This document discusses thin lenses and image formation using lenses. It defines what a thin lens is and how light rays behave when passing through simple convex and concave lenses. The document explains ray tracing and the thin lens equation that can be used to determine the location and characteristics of images formed by lenses. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to use ray tracing and the thin lens equation to calculate image distances and sizes. Sign conventions for quantities in the thin lens equation like focal length and image distance are also defined.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 25

    OPTICS

    Lecture -4th
    Thin Lenses

    Thursday, 07.30 – 10.00 a.m. (3 SKS)


    Lecturer: Gancang Saroja
    [email protected]
    What is a thin lens?
    Simple Lens
    A simple lens is an optical device which takes parallel light rays
    and focuses them to a point.
    This point is called the focus or focal point f

    Snell’s Law, applied at each point on the surface,


    determines where the light comes to a focus.
    Simple Lens

    Convex lens compared to pair of prisms

    Concave lens compared to pair of prisms


    Image Formation in a Lens
    By exception the experiment, the formation of images
    by a lens can be determined using two alternative approaches :

    a) Using ray tracing. In this case a small number of


    characteristic rays are used.

    b) Using the Thin Lens equation and the Magnification


    equation. These equations relate the object and image
    distances, to the focal distance and magnification,
    respectively.
    Image Formation in a Lens – Ray Tracing
    The three basic light rays used in ray tracing:
    1. A ray which leaves the object parallel to the axis,
    is refracted to pass through the focal point (P).
    2. A ray which passes through the lens’s center is
    undeflected (M).
    3. A ray passing through the focal point (as shown)
    is refracted to end up parallel to the axis (F).
    Images Formed by a Convex Lens

    f 2f Object between 2f and f

    2f f Image is inverted, real


    enlarged.

    f 2f Object between f and lens

    2f f Image is upright, virtual,


    and enlarged.
    Images Formed by a Concave Lens

    f 2f Object beyond 2f.

    2f f Image is upright,
    virtual, reduced.

    Object between
    f 2f f and lens.

    2f f Image is upright,
    virtual, reduced.
    The Thin Lens Equation
    h0 − hi
    =
    f di − f
    ho − hi
    =
    do di

    Thin Lens Equation


    1 1 1
    + =
    d o di f

    Magnification
    di hi
    m=− =
    d o ho
    Sign Conventions
    1. Converging or convex lens
    • focal length is positive
    • image distance is positive when on the other side
    of the lens (with respect to object)
    • height upright is positive, inverted is negative
    2. Diverging or concave lens
    • focal length is negative
    • image distance is always negative
    (on the same side of the lens as the object)
    • height upright is positive, inverted is negative
    The image is twice as large as the object
    and is located 15 cm from the lens. Find:
    a) The focal length
    b) The object distance
    An object of height 3 cm, is placed 12 cm in front of a diverging
    lens with a focal length of – 7.9 cm.
    a) Use ray tracing to form the image
    b) Use the thin lens equations to find the image distance and size
    An object of height 3 cm, is placed 12 cm in front of a diverging
    lens with a focal length of – 7.9 cm.
    a) Use ray tracing to form the image
    b) Use the thin lens equations to find the image distance and size
    An object of height 3 cm, is placed 12 cm in front of a diverging
    lens with a focal length of – 7.9 cm.
    a) Use ray tracing to form the image
    b) Use the thin lens equations to find the image distance and size

    1 1 1 1 1 1
    = +  = +  di = −4.8cm
    f d o di −7.9 12 di

    di hi
    = −  hi = −
    ( −4.8 )( 3)
    = 1.2cm
    do ho (12 )
    Use The Lens Equation
    The power of a thin lens

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