DSE-MOCK-PHY 2(#21)

HONG KONG DIPLOMA OF SECONDARY EDUCATION MOCK EXAMINATION 2019

PHYSICS PAPER 2

Question Book

(1 hour)
This paper must be answered in English

INSTRUCTIONS

(1) This paper consists of TWO sections, Sections A and C. Each section contains eight multiple-choice

questions and one structured question which carries 10 marks. Attempt ALL questions.

(2) For multiple-choice questions, you should mark only ONE answer for each question. If you mark more

than one answer, you will receive NO MARKS for that question.

(3) Graph paper and supplementary answer sheets will be provided on request.

(4) The diagrams in this paper are NOT necessarily drawn to scale.

(5) The last two pages of this Question Book contain a list of data, formulae and relationships which you may

find useful.

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Section A: Astronomy and Space Science

Q.1: Multiple-choice questions

1.1 Tycho's Supernova Remnant is an expanding shell of gas formed by the Tycho's Supernova explosion recorded in
1572. The remnant locates at 13 000 ly away from the Earth and expands at a speed of about 5000 km s−1. Estaimate
the radius of the remnant as measured from the Earth in 2020.
A. 0.003 pc
B. 0.1 pc
C. 2 pc
D. 70 pc

1.2 According to the Ptolemaic model, which of the following celestial bodies show(s) a complete cycle of phases?
(1) The Moon
(2) Venus
(3) Mars
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only

1.3 Star X will evolve into a red giant in the distant future. It has a planet revolving around it in a circular orbit at speed
v with a period T. After star X becomes a red giant, the radius of the orbit of the planet will be reduced by half.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
(1) The gravitation force on the planet by star X will be doubled.
(2) The period of the planet will become T/√8.
(3) The orbital speed of the planet will become v/√2.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only

1.4 Halley’s Comet is a comet orbiting the Sun at a period of 76 years. Its perihelion and aphelion are 0.586 AU and
35.082 AU away from the Sun, respectively. If it moves at a speed of 55 km s−1 at the perihelion, estimate its speed
at the aphelion. Take the mass of the Sun = 2 × 1030 kg.
A. 6 km s−1
B. 39 km s−1
C. 67 km s−1
D. 77 km s−1

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1.5 The two pictures below show the same region of sky taken 6 months ago and now. Stars P, Q and R are the three
brightest stars in that region. Which of them is/are located at least 10 ly away from the Earth?

A. Star Q only
B. Stars P and R only
C. All of the three stars
D. None of the three stars

1.6 Star P is a class A star and has a radius smaller than our Sun. Our Sun is a class G star, and the spectrum of radiation
emitted from it is as shown below.

Which of the following graphs best represents the spectrum of radiation emitted by star P (dotted line)?
A. B.

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C. D.

1.7 The surface temperature of star Q is twice of that of our Sun, but the luminosity of star Q is only 0.01 times that of
our Sun. What is the radius of star Q compared with our Sun?
A. 40 times that of our Sun
B. 2.5 times that of our Sun
C. 0.4 times that of our Sun
D. 0.025 times that of our Sun

1.8 The graph below shows the luminosity and surface temperature of several stars. If star X is a main sequence star,
which of the stars in the graph has/have a radius larger than it?

A. Star P only
B. Stars P and Q only
C. Stars P and R only
D. Stars S and T only

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Q.1: Structured question

Quasars, also known as quasi-stellar objects, were once considered to be some star-like objects. However, scientists
nowadays believe that quasars are supermassive black holes that locate at the centres of distant galaxies. ULAS
J1342+0928 is the most distant quasar identified. The figure below shows part of the spectrum observed from the quasar
ULAS J1342+0928.

(a) The peak Ly α in the above spectrum corresponds to the Lyman-alpha line in the hydrogen spectrum. The
wavelength of the Lyman-alpha line measured in the laboratory is 121.6 nm.

(i) Determine whether the quasar ULAS J1342+0928 is moving towards or away from the Earth. Briefly explain
your answer. (2 marks)

(ii) The shift in wavelength observed from the spectrum of the quasar is very large. This means that the quasar is
moving at an extremely high speed (comparable to the speed of light c). The equation = is no longer
applicable. The relation between the shift in wavelength Δλ/λ and the speed of the object v at such high speeds
are represented by the graph below. Estimate the speed of the quasar. (2 marks)

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(b) (i) Estimate the distance (in ly) of the quasar ULAS J1342+0928 from the Earth. Given that the Hubble constant
H is 74.2 km s−1 Mpc−1. (2 marks)

(ii) Briefly explain why Hubble’s law does NOT apply to galaxies close to us. (1 mark)

(c) Proxima Centauri is the star closest to the Earth. It is 4.22 ly from us and has a luminosity of about 1 × 10−4 times
that of our Sun. Given that the luminosity of the quasar ULAS J1342+0928 is 4 × 1013 times that of our Sun,
compare the absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude of the quasar ULAS J1342+0928 and Proxima Centauri.
Briefly explain your answer. (3 marks)

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Section C: Energy and Use of Energy

Q.3: Multiple-choice questions

3.1 Which of the following are NOT the reasons for an induction cooker having an ‘end-use energy efficiency’ of less
than 100%?
(1) The coil of the cooker heats up because of its electric resistance.
(2) There are eddy currents induced in the utensil.
(3) Some energy is lost during the power transmission from the power plant to the cooker.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

3.2 Which of the following statements about a microwave oven are correct?
(1) The electric field of the microwave is continuously changing.
(2) The microwaves are produced by a radioactive source in the microwave oven.
(3) The turntable ensures that no part of the food stays at a node of stationary waves.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

3.3 The compartment of refrigerator is maintained at a steady temperature which is ΔT below the temperature outside.
Which of the factors below would affect ΔT ?
(1) cooling capacity of the refrigerator
(2) thermal conductivity of the material of the wall of the compartment
(3) heat capacity of the food stored in the compartment
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

3.4 An air-conditioner is found to release heat to the exterior at a rate of 1200 W. If its cooling capacity is twice its
electrical power consumption, estimate the rate at which it removes heat from the room.
A. 400 W
B. 800 W
C. 1200 W
D. 1600 W

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3.5 A wall is composed of two layers of conductivity κ1 and κ2 respectively. Layer 1 is twice as thick as layer 2. Assume
the two layers have the same area and there is no air gap between them. Which expression gives the average
conductivity of the wall κ in terms of κ1 and κ2?
A.
B.

C.

D.

3.6 A new type of hybrid double-deck buses is introduced to Hong Kong in 2014. The hybrid bus uses its combusion
engine to drive a generetor to charge its battery instead of propelling the bus directly. Which of the following
conclusions are INCORRECT based on the information given above?
(1) The hybrid bus does not need to be equipped with a motor.
(2) Its battery cannot be charged through a regenerative braking system during deceleration.
(3) Its combustion engine is said to be more energy efficient than a conventional bus because there is no direct
mechanical link between the combustion engine and the heavy gears, causing less friction.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

3.7 Estimate the percentage increase in the power delivered by a wind turbine if the wind speed increases by 10%
blowing in the same direction. Assume the efficiency remains the same.
A. 10%
B. 21%
C. 33%
D. 45%

3.8 A nuclear fission reactor is filled with pressurized water, which acts as a moderator for the chain reaction.
Which of the following about the function of the pressurized water are correct?
(1) It slows down the neutrons.
(2) It absorbs the neutrons.
(3) It helps increase the rate of the chain reaction.
(4) It helps reduce the rate of the chain reaction.
A. (1) and (3) only
B. (1) and (4) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (2) and (4) only

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Q.3: Structured question

(a) LED lamps are commonly used nowadays and are regarded as a better alternative for incandescent lamps and
compact fluorescent lamps. An LED lamp with an input power of 20 W bears an energy label as shown.

(i) An LED has p-type and n-type semiconductor layers. The junction of these two layers is where light is
produced. Why does an LED usually produce monochromic light? (1 mark)
(ii) Both an LED and a conventional light bulb can be powered by a battery. But an LED lamp must have an
additional feature called rectifier so that it works properly in the conventional ac lamp sockets.
State the function of the rectifier. (1 mark)
(iii) What is the luminous flux provided by the LED lamp? (1 mark)
(iv) Suggest two advantages of using an LED lamp over a compact fluorescent lamp. (2 marks)

(b) In a computer room, the minimum illuminance at the centre of the keyboard should be 50 lux. Consider the room
below. A keyboard makes an angle of 10° with the horizontal. Suppose the above LED lamp is fit onto the ceiling
and is 2 m directly above a keyboard as shown.

LED lamp

2m

10°

keyboard

(i) Can the lamp meet the lighting requirements?

State your assumptions and show your calculations clearly. (3 marks)
(ii) Without changing the lamp, suggest one method that can increase the illuminance on the keyboard. (1 mark)
(iii) In reality, fluorescent tube lamps are used more commonly for a workplace. Suggest one reason. (1 mark)

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END OF PAPER

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List of data, formulae and relationships

Data
molar gas constant R = 8.31 J mol−1 K−1
Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol−1
acceleration due to gravity g = 9.81 m s−2 (close to the Earth)
universal gravitational constant G = 6.67 × 10−11 N m2 kg−2
speed of light in vacuum c = 3.00 × 108 m s−1
charge of electron qe = 1.60 × 10−19 C
electron rest mass me = 9.11× 10−31 kg
permittivity of free space ε0 = 8.85 × 10−12 C2 N−1 m−2
permeability of free space μ0 = 4π × 10−7 H m−1
atomic mass unit u = 1.661 × 10−27 kg (1 u is equivalent to 931 MeV)
11
astronomical unit AU = 1.50 × 10 m
light year ly = 9.46 × 1015 m
parsec pc = 3.09 × 1016 m = 3.26 ly = 206265 AU
Stefan constant σ = 5.67 × 10−8 W m−2 K−4
Planck constant h = 6.63 × 10−34 J s−1

Rectilinear motion Mathematics

For uniformly accelerated motion: Equation of a straight line
Arc length
Surface area of cylinder
Volume of cylinder
Surface area of sphere
Volume of sphere
For small angles, (in radians)

Astronomy and Space Science Energy and Use of Energy

gravitational potential energy illuminance

Stefan’s Law rate of energy transfer by conduction

Doppler effect
thermal transmittance U-value

maximum power by wind turbine

Atomic World Medical Physics

Einstein’s photoelectric equation Rayleigh criterion (resolving power)

power of a lens
energy level equation for hydrogen atom
de Broglie formula
intensity level (dB)
Rayleigh criterion (resolving power)
acoustic impedance

intensity reflection coefficient

transmitted intensity through a medium

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energy transfer during heating

A1. D1. Coulomb’s law
and cooling

energy transfer during change of electric field strength due to a

A2. D2.
state point charge

electric field between parallel

A3. equation of state for an ideal gas D3.
plates (numerically)

A4. kinetic theory equation D4. resistance and resistivity

A5. molecular kinetic energy D5. resistors in series

D6. resistors in parallel

B1. force D7. power in a circuit

force on a moving charge in a

B2 moment of a force D8.
magnetic field

force on a current-carrying
B3. gravitational potential energy D9.
conductor in a magnetic field

magnetic field due to a long

B4. kinetic energy D10.
straight wire

magnetic field inside a long

B5. mechanical power D11.
solenoid

B6. centripetal acceleration D12. induced e.m.f.

ratio of secondary voltage to

B7. Newton’s law of gravitation D13.
primary voltage in a transformer

fringe width in double-slit

C1. E1. law of radioactive decay
interference

C2. diffraction grating equation E2. half-life and decay constant

activity and the number of

C3. equation for a single lens E3.
undecayed nuclei

E4. mass–energy relationship

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