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® FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI

fiip bt sbnpji sabihai Sgysbas Neluji ; 

Lyhdnbas 
]E[FQGII\Q 
]erfsgiit 4 @erais - tgi Kdsbas

Qtuliht Hdni...........................................
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9. (aeht.)
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1. Eutjbhi tgi lb``irihais (wbtg ixdnpjis) kitwiih
‚aehtdat `erais„ & ‚`bijl `erais„.
0. D pirseh stdhlbhm eh rejjir-kjdlis pusgil
idstwdrl dmdbhst d sejbl krbaf wdjj. \gi wdjj lbl het
nevi, kut tgi pirseh rejjil 
wistwdrl.
Ixpjdbh wgy t gbs g dppihil.
Police Traffic Rr10302 116 Math May 2006 MS Friction and Horizontal Vessel Physical and MC Settling The
Crash Engineering… M1 Shoes and Exchanger… Mechanical… Argument Winte…

Nevil tg bs Sirseh
wdy pusgil tgbs
<.
d) Yhlir wgdt abraunstdhais adh tgi `erais datbhm wdy
eh dh ekoiat ki lisarbkil ds ‚ kdjdhail„ 5

k) ]gbag e` Hiwteh‒s Jdws dppjbis bh tg bs adsi5

=. Mbvi dh eutjbhi e` tgi mihirdj nitgel usil te?

a) ]gdt dri tgi fbhindtba aehsiquihais e` 
kdjdhail `erais5 d) `bhl tgi ‚ risujtdht„ e ` ; `erai viaters w gbag dri
datbhm dt rbm gt dhmjis te idag et gir.
l) Bh tgbs sbtudtbeh, wgdt bs trui dkeut tgi `erai-
viater lbdmrdn dhl tgi sbzi e` tgi ‚ risujtdht„
`erai5 (d sfitag lbdm. nbmgt gijp)

k) `bhl tgi risujtdht e` nujtbpji `erai viaters datbhm

eh d sbhmji ekoiat.
(djj datbhm bh tgi sdni pjdhi, kut dt dhy dhmjis)

9. Eutjbhi Hiwteh‒s ;hl Jdw ky stdtbhm?

d) bh wgdt sbtu dtbehs bt dppjbis.

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 4 Ysdmi & aepybhm bs pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aepyr bmg t © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
www.fiipbtsbnpjisabihai.aen.du

FBQQ [iseurais `er HQ] Qyjjdkusis & Dustrdjbdh Aurrbaujun

® ]erfsgiit ; Srdatbai Srekjins

fiip bt sbnpji sabihai Hiwteh‒s ;hl Qtul iht Hdni......................................
Bh djj adsis, dssuni tgiri bs he `rba tbeh.
4. ]gdt `erai bs riqubril te adusi d 033fm adr te 9. D truaf wb tg ndss 7.33x431fm bs trdvijjbhm dt
daaijirdti dt ;.09ns -;5 ;;.9ns -4 wgih tgi krdfis dri dppjbil. Bt aenis te
d aenpjiti step bh <.93s.
d) ]gdt bs bts dvirdmi rdti e` daaijirdtbeh5

;. D 4;3fm neterayaj i dhl bts 03fm rblir dri

daaijirdtbhm dt <.93ns -;. ]gdt hit `er ai nust ki
datbhm5 k) ]gdt hit `erai bs datbhm lurb hm tgbs
liaijirdtbeh5

1. D 933H `erai dats eh d truaf w btg ndss 1,933fm.

]gdt daaijirdtbeh bs preluail5 0. D 03fm aya jbst ixirts d hit `erai e` 433H
pildjjbhm gbs 49fm kbfi `er 43.3 siaehls. Bmherbhm
dhy `rbatbeh6
d) wgdt daaijirdtbeh wbjj ki preluail5

<. ]gdt bs tgi ndss e` d vigbaji wgbag daaijirdtis

dt 1.;3ns -; wgih d `er ai e` 4.;9x431H dats eh bt 5 k) @ren d stdhlbhm stdrt, wgdt vijeabty wbjj kb fi
dhl rblir ridag bh tgi 43s5

a) ]gdt bs tgi `bhdj vijeabty bh fn/gr5

(Dhswir eh rivirsi, b` bhsu` `babiht reen)

]erfsgiit 1 Srdatbai Srekjins
Ndss & ]ibmgt Qtuliht Hdni...........................................
4. D spdai adpsuji, ridly `er j duhag gds d ndss e`  ;. k) ]gdt bs tgi tetdj ndss te ki daaijirdtil5
;9,333fm. E` tgb s, 73% bs `uij. Ky tgi tb ni bt r idagis
Idrtg erkbt bt gds kurhil tgrii-qudrtirs e` t gi `uij.
Jdtir, bt preaiils te tgi Neeh dhl jdhls, wbtg `uij a) ]gdt daaijirdtbeh wbjj eaaur5
tdhfs inpty.
(eh Idrtg, mrdvbt y m>2.7ns-;. Eh Neeh , m>4.=ns-;)
d) ]gdt bs tgi adpsuji‒s wibmgt eh Idrtg5
1. Dh ixtr d-tirristr bdj gds d wibmg t e` 4.73x43<H eh
gbs /gir/bts geni pj dhit wgiri m>;;.9ns -;.
d) ]gdt bs tgbs aridturi‒s ndss5
k) Bh erkbt, wgdt bs bts b) ndss5
bb) wibmgt5
k) ]gdt wbjj gi/sgi/bt wibmg eh Idrtg5 (m>2.7ns -;)

a) ]gih bt mits te tgi Neeh, wgdt bs b ts

b) ndss5 a) \gi aridturi‒s pirsehdj prepujsbeh livbai adh
bb) wibmgt5 ixirt d hit `er ai e` 9.33x431H. ]gdt daaijirdtbe h
adh tgi djbih dagbivi wgbji widrbhm tgi livbai5
(Dssuni he `rbat beh, dhl tgdt tgi livbai btsij` gds
;. Bh d jdkerdtery ixpirbniht, d 933m trejjiy bs himjbkji ndss)
dttdagil ky d strbhm te d ;93m ndss gdhmbhm
virtba djjy evir tgi kihag. (\dfi m>2.7ns -; , dssuni
he `rbatbeh)

d) ]gdt bs tgi sbzi e` tgi `erai wgba g wbj j adusi

daaijirdtbeh5

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi ; Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aep yrb mgt © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
www.fiipbtsbnpjisabihai.aen.du

FBQQ [iseurais `er HQ] Qyjjdkusis & Dustrdjbdh Aurrbaujun

® ]erfsgiit < @erai Piaters

fiip bt sbnpji sabihai  Dh sw ir bh tg i spdais pr ev bl il.
(eh rivirsi, b` bhsu``babiht r een) Qtul iht Hdni......................................
4. 9.
@bhl tgi risujtdht `erai, b` d ;9H `erai pusgis  Dh ekoia t bs kibhm sb nujtdhieu sj y pusg il k y 1
idstwdrl, dhl d <3H `erai pusgis hertgwdrl. `erais?
([ininkir te `bhl ndmhbtuli DHL lbriatbeh) @erai D > 9.;9H tewdrls hertg
@erai K > 1.79H tewdrls w ist
@erai A uhfhewh.
\gi ekoiat bs HE\ daaijirdtbhm.
@bhl tgi ndmhbtuli dhl lbriatbeh e` @erai A.

;.
B` d 43H `erai pusgis wistwdrl, dhl d ;3H `erai
pusgis seutgwdrl, dhl d 93H `erai pusgis
hertgwdrl, wgdt bs tgi ndmhbtuli dhl lbriatbeh e` 
tgi risujtdht5

0.
 Dh ekoia t bs kibhm dat il eh ky < `e ra is
sbnujtdhieusjy, ds sgewh ky t gi lbdmrdn.
H
@    <9 e
e  r  
a  i   ] I
 D   Q
>  1  
3  H   
@erai K > 49H (wist)

1. @     
       H e   
]gih stru af ky d mej` aju k, tgi kdjj ixpirbihail d        3 r    
       ;  a   
`erai e` 47H lbriatil dt dh dhmji ;3 e dkevi tgi      > 
i   
 A    
03e
gerbzehtdj. Adjaujdti tgi gerbzehtdj dhl virtbadj        L   >   
aenpehihts e` tgbs `erai.      i  4    
     a
     r
3    
     e e
H     
       @ =3

@bhl tgi risujtdht hit `erai datbhm.

<.
d) D 9.3fm wgiijil trejjiy wds pjdail eh d 43 e
bhajbhil rdnp.

d) @bhl tgi aenpehiht e` bts wibmgt `erai wgbag b s

lbriatil lewh tgi rdnp.

k) Dssunbhm he `rbatb eh, adjaujdti bts daaijirdtbeh

lewh tg i rdnp.

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 1 Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aep yrb mgt © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
www.fiipbtsbnpjisabihai.aen.du

FBQQ [iseurais `er HQ] Qyjjdkusis & Dustrdjbdh Aurrbaujun

® ]erfsgiit 9 Mublil Hetis. (Ndfi yeur ewh sunndry)

fiip bt sbnpji sabihai @rbatbeh Qtul iht Hdni......................................
\gbhms te Fhew Dkeut @rbatbeh \ypis e` @rbatb eh ndfi yeur ewh het is

d) @rbatbeh bs d `erai wgbag djwdys dats... Qtdtba @rbatbe h

k) \gi sbzi e` d `rbatbeh `erai bs HE\ rijdtil te

Fbhitba @rbatbeh (sjblbhm)
..................................................................., kut bs
rijdtil te tgi ............................... `erai prissbhm tgi
sur`dais temitgir. Eh d gerbzehtdj sur`dai tgbs bs
sbnpjy tgi ............................ `erai. Mihirdjjy, `er dhy aenkbhdtbeh e` ndtirbdjs bh
aehtdat, tgi Ae@ (sjblbhm) bs ........................... tgdh
a) \gi iqudtbeh bs @@ > tgi Ae@ (stdtba)

(eh dh bhajbhi tgi iqudtbeh bs.... [ejjbhm @rbatbeh

dhl sbhai Aes3e > ...... , tgbs `dater bs brrijivdht eh d

@jubl @rbatbeh & tgi I``iat e` Jukrbadtbeh
gerbzehtdj sur` dai)

l) ]gdt bs tgbs ‚ ¹„ tgbhm5 Qunndrbsi.

]erfsgiit 0 Mublil Hetis. (Ndfi yeur ewh sunndry)

]erf & Ihirmy Qtul iht Hdni......................................

4. 9.
Jbst 1 typis e` ‚ petihtbdj ihirmy„ Qtdr tb hm w bt g @>n d & v ; > u ; + ;dQ
previ tgdt werf & ihirmy dri iqubvdjiht.

;.
Qunndrbsi tgi ‚ Jdw e` Aehsirvdtbeh e` Ihirmy„ .
0.
@ernujd `e r MSI5

1. @ernujd `er FI5

uhbts5 =.
viater er sa djdr5 d) ]gdt leis ‚ niagdhbadj ihirmy„ ri`ir te5

<. ]gdt bs ‚werf„ bh Lyhdnbas5

k) Qunndrbsi tgi aehaipt e` ‚ aehsirvdtbeh e` 

niagdhbadj ihirmy„ .
`ernujd5

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi < Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aep yrb mgt © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
www.fiipbtsbnpjisabihai.aen.du

FBQQ [iseurais `er HQ] Qyjjdkusis & Dustrdjbdh Aurrbaujun

® ]erfsgiit = Srdatbai Srekjins - @rbatbeh

fiip bt sbnpji sabihai  Dh sw ir bh tg i spdais pr ev bl il.
(eh rivirsi, b` bhsu``babiht r een) Qtul iht Hdni......................................

4. <.
Ysi jdkijjil drrews te Bh d agbjlrih‒s pjdy-pdrf, tgi ‚ sjbppiry-lbp„ sjbli
blihtb`y tgi lbriatbeh e`    l  h m  t
  b gds dh bhajbhi
  s  b  h
  j
idag e` tgi `ejjew bhm  e  x  h s  t d  y 9.3n j ehm,
  K  a e  a  b  t
`erai viaters bh tgbs lbdm.  d  t  i   j e dt dh dhmji
  v e` <3e .
d) wibmgt `erai (nm)

k) `rbatbeh (@@)

<3e
η \gi sjbli sur`dai bs pejbsgil stiij. @er nest typis
e` lry ajetgbhm tgi fbhitba Ae@ bs 3.;9.
a) aenpehiht e` tgi wibmgt `erai datbhm lew h tgi
bhajbhi (@b ) d) D 19fm agbj l bs s idtil dt tgi tep e` tgi sjbli.
[isejvi tgi agbjl‒s wibmgt ` erai bhte?
l) ‚herndj„ aenpehiht e` wibmgt `erai (@ H) b) d aenpehiht datbhm le wh tgi sjbli

i) tgi herndj ridatbeh `erai (-@ H)

;. bb) d ‚herndj„ aenpehiht.

d) Adjaujdti tgi ndmhbtuli (sbzi) e` idag e` t gi 9
`erais bh T4., mbvih tgi `ejjewbhm bh`erndtbeh?
Ndss e` kex > 9.3fm m > 2.7 ns -;
 Dhmji e` bh aj bhi > ;9 e k) @bhl tgi `erai e` (fbhitba) `rbatbeh wgba g wbjj dat
ehai tgi agbjl kimbhs te nevi.

a) ]gdt hit `erai wbjj dat eh tgi agbjl5

k) Ivdjudti tgi aei``bab iht e` (fbhitba) `rbatb eh

kitwiih tgi kex & rdnp.
l) Adjaujdti tgi agbjl‒s daaijirdtbeh lewh tgi sjbli,
dhl `bhdj vijeabty dt tgi ketten.

i) Aenbhm e`` dt tgi ketten, tgi agbj l jdhls bh d

nully pullji. ]it ajetgbh m bha ridsis tgi Ae@ te
3.79. [iadjau jdti tgi hiw `rb atb ehdj `erai dhl
1. prilbat tgi eutaeni e` tgi agbjl‒s hixt sjbli bh wit,
\gi aei``babiht e` f bhitba `r batbeh kitwiih d 1.9fm nully pdhts.
kewjbhm kdjj dhl tgi bai eh d `rezih jdfi bs viry
sndjj? ¹ > 3.3;. B` tgi kdjj bs kewjil eh tgi bai wbtg
dh bhbtbdj v ijeabty e ` 40.9ns-4, gew `dr wbjj bt t rdvij
ki`eri `rbatbeh krbhms bt te rist5

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 9 Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aep yrb mgt © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
www.fiipbtsbnpjisabihai.aen.du

FBQQ [iseurais `er HQ] Qyjjdkusis & Dustrdjbdh Aurrbaujun

® ]erfsgiit 7 Srdatbai Srekjins

fiip bt sbnpji sabihai ]erf & Fbhitba Ihirmy Qtul iht Hdni......................................
 Dh sw ir bh tgi spdais pr ev blil. 0. \gi ihmbhi e` d 233fm adr prevblis d `erai e` 
(eh rivirsi, b` bhsu``bab iht reen) 4,;33H. B` tgbs `erai dats te daaijirdti tgi adr `ren
4. Adjau jdti tgi I f pessissil ky rist (u>zire) evir d =9.3n lb spjdainiht,
d) d ;33fm eko iat, nevb hm dt 43ns -4.
d) gew nuag werf bs lehi eh tgi adr5

k) tgi sdni ekoiat, trdvijjbhm dt 13ns -4.

k) Gew nuag fbhitba ihirmy leis bt mdbh5

a) Kitwiih pdrts (d) & (k) tgi vijeabty bharidsil ky

d `dater e` 1. Ky wgdt `dater lbl tgi I f bharidsi5 a) ]gdt bs tgi adr‒s `bhdj vijeabty5

;. D adr wb tg n dss 733fm g ds 403,333O (403fO) e` 

fbhitba ihirmy. ]gdt bs bts vijeabty l) @bhl tgi daaijirdtbeh e` tgi adr, usbhm @>nd.
d) bh ns -45

i) @er gew jehm (tbni) lbl bt daaijirdti5

k) bh fn/gr5
=. D `ujjy jdlih truaf wbtg ndss 43,333fm bs
trdvijjbhm dt ;9.3ns -4 wgih tgi ihmbhi bs swbta gil
1. D 033fm vigbaj i daaijirdtis `ren 4;.9ns -4 te e`` dhl bt bs djjewil te ‚ aedst„ eh d jivij redl. Evir 
13.3ns -4. ]gdt bs tgi agdhmi bh bts fbh itba ihirmy5 d lbstdhai e` ;93n bt mrdludjjy sjew s lewh te d hiw
vijeabty e` 7.93ns -4.

d) Gew nuag fbhitba ihirmy leis bt jesi5

k) ]gdt bs tgi dvirdmi `erai datbhm eh bt ds bt sj ews

<. D 9,933fm tr uaf wds tr dvijjbhm dt ;3.3ns -4, kut lewh5
tgih sjewil lewh, jesbhm 9.33x43 9O e` fbhitba
ihirmy ds bt lbl se. ]gdt wds bts hiw vijeabty 5

a) ]gdt bs tgi hdturi e` tgi `erai datbhm5

9. Gew nuag werf bs lehi bh idag adsi5

d) D 93H `erai dats eh dh ekoiat ev ir d lbstdhai e`  l) Ysi @>nd te `bhl bts dvirdmi rdti e` liaijirdtbeh,
<.9n. dhl gihai `bhl tgi tbni pirbel bhvej vil.

7. \gi rblir e` d kbayaji strdppil d reafit ihmbhi eh

tgi kbfi, bh dh dttinpt eh tgi ]erjl Qtupblbty
k) D <.3fm ndss daa ijirdtis dt 4.9ns -;, evir d [iaerl. \gi aenkbhil ndss e` kbfi+reafit+rblir 
lbspjdainiht e` 1.;n. wds ;93fm. ]gih `b ril, tgi rea fit pre vblil 7,333H
e` tgrus t `er o ust 9.;3s.

d) Ysi @>nd te adjaujdti tgi daaijirdtbeh preluail.

k) @ren d>(v-u)/t, `bhl tgi `b hdj vijea bty. (u>3)

dagbivil, bmherbhm dhy dbr risbstdhai er `rbatbeh.
a) Evir d 93n lbstdhai, d 13H `erai dats eh d 0.3fm
ndss. a) @bhl tgi mdbh bh Fbhitba Ihirmy.

l) Qbhai tgbs iqudjs tgi werf leh i ky tgi reafit,

adjaujdti tgi lbstdhai aeviril lurbh m tgi
daaijirdtbeh.

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 0 Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aep yrb mgt © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
www.fiipbtsbnpjisabihai.aen.du

FBQQ [iseurais `er HQ] Qyjjdkusis & Dustrdjbdh Aurrbaujun

® ]erfsgiit 2 MSI & Aehsirv.e` Niag. Ihirmy

fiip bt sbnpji sabihai  Dh sw ir bh tgi spdais pr ev bl il.
(eh rivirsi, b` bhsu`` babiht reen) Qtul iht Hdni......................................
4. 1.
 D st iij k djj wb tg ndss 7.3fm bs susp ihlil 43.3n  D 9,333fm kdjjb st ba nb ss bj i he t ehjy ridagis dh
dkevi mreuhl jivij. Bt bs rijidsil & `djjs uhlir  djtbtuli e` 73,333n, kut dagbivis d vijeabty e` 
mrdvbty dt m > 2.7ns -;. ;,933ns -4. (sii heti kijew )
]gdt bs bts t etdj mdbh bh ‚ niagdhbadj ihirmy„ 5
d) Ysi sbnpji Fb hindtba iqudtbeh(s) e` ne tbeh te
`bhl tgi vijeabty dt wgbag bt gbts tgi mreuhl.

k) Ki`eri rijidsi, gew nuag MSI leis bt pessiss5

(Aenpdril te mreuhl jivij)
<.
Ndtgs Agdjjihmi? Dssunbh m he ` rbatbeh , d `djjbhm
a) ]gdt kiaenis e` t gbs ihirmy ds bt ` djjs5 ekoiat aehvirts djj e` bts MSI bhte FI, se
FI mdbhil > MSIjest

l) Ysi tgi aehsirvdtbeh e` niagdhbadj ihirmy te d) Qtdrtbhm wbtg tgbs stdtiniht, preluai dh iqudtbeh
adjaujdti tgi vijeabty dt wgbag b t gbts tgi mreuhl. wgbag adjaujdtis tgi vijeabty dagbivil wgih
(Reu‒l kittir mit t gi sdni dhswir ds bh (d)!!) senitgbhm `djjs `r en d mbvih gibmgt.

;. k) Ysi yeur hiw iqudtbeh te `bhl t gi vijeabty

 D 93m (3.39fm ) ku jj it `b ril virtb adj jy upwdrls jidvis ridagil ky dhytgbhm (hetbai tgdt ndss gds he
tgi muh kdrrij wbtg d vijeabty e` 193ns -4. i``iat!) `djjbhm tgreumg d gibmgt e` 1,333n.
d) Gew nuag FI leis bt gdvi 5 (Aehvirt yeur dhswir te fngr -4 te `ujjy dppriabdti tgbs!)

k) Dssunbhm he dbr risbstdhai, gew gbmg adh bt me ky

aehvirtbhm djj b ts FI bhte MSI5
a) D pdrdaguti weujl ki e` jbtt ji usi te d sfylbv ir 
wge ridagil tgdt vijeabty, se bt ‒s d meel tgb hm tgdt
dbr risbstdhai adusis ivirytgbhm `djjbhm bh dbr te
ridag d ‚ tirnbhdj vijeabty „ . @er d sfylbvir bh tgi
a) Bh `dat, tgiri BQ dbr risbstdhai, suag tgdt bt ridagis jewir dtnespgiri, tirnbhdj vijeabty bs dkeut 93ns -4.
d virtbadj gibmgt e` 4,<33n. Gew nuag e` bts ihirmy
gds kiih usil te `bmgt dmdbhst tgi dbr risbstdhai5 Ehai tirnbhdj vijeabty bs r idagil, wgdt adh yeu
liluai dkeut t gi `erais eh tgi sf ylbvir, dhl tgi
aehsirvdtbeh e` niagdhbadj ihirmy5

l) \gbs ‚ jest„ ihirmy bs tgi werf lehi dmdbhst tgi

dbr risbstdhai `rbatbeh `erai. Adjaujdti tgi dvirdmi
vdjui e` tgbs `erai.

i) ]gdt gdppihil te tgi ‚ jest„ ihirmy5

D Heti dkeut [eafits

]i e`tih usi reafits ds ixdnpjis bh prdatbai ixirabsis kiadusi tgiy siin sbnpji, dri bhtiristbhm & me viry `dst.
Gewivir, tgi Sgysbas bs djj wrehm! D t jduhag, d typbadj reafit‒s ndss bs nestjy `uij. Ds bt ku rhs, tgi ndss agdhmis
sbmhb`badhtjy. Dt aehstdht `erai, tgbs nidhs tgdt tgi daaijirdtbeh fiips agdhmbhm. Djse, reafits tihl te `jy g bmg iheumg
tgdt tgi vdjui e` ‚ m„ agdhmis ds bt ajbnks. Leh‒t `ermit tgdt eur sbnpji Sgysbas werfs ehjy `er aehstdht daaijirdtbeh e` 
ekoiats wbtg `bxil ndss, se eur iqudtbehs ridjjy leh‒t dppjy. ]gdt yeu jidrh giri bs oust HE\ [eafit Qabihai!

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® ]erfsgiit 43 Sewir  
fiip bt sbnpji sabihai  Dh sw ir bh tg i spdais pr ev bl il.
(eh rivirsi, b` bhsu``babiht r een) Qtul iht Hdni......................................
4. 9.
]gdt pewir bs riqubril te? ]gdt pew ir bs riqubril te ndbhtdbh d aeh stdht
d) daaijirdti d ;.3fm trejjiy (`ren rist) te d vijeabty vijeabty e` 43ns -4 bh d jdrmi kedt wgba g bs
e` 7.9ns -4 bh d tbni e` ;.9s5 ixpirbihabhm d ritdrlbhm `rbatbeh `erai e` 7,933H5

k) rdbsi d 433fm ekoiat tgreumg d virtbadj gibmgt e` 

;3n bh d tbni 13s (dt aehstdht vijeabty)5 0.
Bh erlir te mit d 9;fm tr ejjiy ehte d pjdt`ern wgbag
bs ;.3n dkevi mreuhl jivij, d werfir pusgil tgi
trejjiy up d rdnp wbtg dh bhaj bhi e` 44e .

 9 ; f m
a) jb`t d 4;fm ekoiat virtbadjjy tgreumg d gibmgt e`  ;.3n
13n, wgbji djse daaijirdtbhm bt (`ren rist) te d
vijeabty e` ;9ns -4 bh 3.9s5 44e

d) ]gdt wds t gi tetdj b haridsi bh MSI e` tg i =9fm

werfir, pjus t gi trejjiy, bh aj bnkbhm tgi rdnp5

;. k) Gew jehm bs tgi rdnp5

 D sn djj ijiatrba nete r bs adpdkji e ` d pe wir eutp ut
e` oust ;9]. Iqubppil wbtg dppreprbdti midrs, bt
lrbvis d wbhag wgb ag bs dkji te rdbsi d 4 tehhi
(4,333fm) aehtdbhir tgreumg d virtbadj 43n gibmgt.
Gew jehm lb l tgdt tdfi5 a) \gi werfir wds dkji te adrry eut tgbs tdsf bh 7.;s.
]gdt wds tgi dvirdmi vijeabty djehm tgi rdnp5

l) \gi aei``bab iht e` (rejjbhm) `rbatbeh `er tgbs tre jjiy

wds 3.49. Adjaujdti tgi `erai e` `rbatb eh wgb ag gdl t e
ki eviraeni te ndbhtdbh d aehstdht vijeabt y up tgi
1. rdnp.
 D oit ihmb hi b s rdtil t e gdvi d pew ir e utput e` 
;,933f]. Gew nuag ihirmy leis bt aehvirt bh dh
geur5

i) Aehsblirbhm tgi bharidsi bh MSI dhl tgi `rbatbeh

wgbag gdl te k i eviraeni, wgdt pewir eutput lbl
tgi werfir dagbivi5

<.
Gew jehm leis bt tdfi `er d 9.3 f] neter te ae hvirt
433O e` ihirmy 5

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® ]erfsgiit 44 Nenihtun & Aejjbsbehs

fiip bt sbnpji sabihai  Dh sw ir bh tg i spdais pr ev bl il.
(eh rivirsi, b` bhsu``babiht r een) Qtul iht Hdni......................................
4. Adjaujdti tgi nenihtun e`? 0. D 033fm adr bs trdvijjbhm dt ;=.3ns -4, wgih bt
d) d 4;3fm kbayaji (bhajulbhm rblir) trdvijjbhm dt aejjblis wbtg d stdtbehdry 4,933fm utbjbty. \gi
9.;9ns -4. vigbajis jeaf t emitgir eh bnpdat.
@bhl tgi vijeabty e` tgi wriafdmi bnnilbdtijy d`tir 
bnpdat.

k) d <73fm adr trdvijjb hm dt ;;.9ns -4.

a) d 2,933fm tr uaf trdvijjb hm dt 1;.3ns -4. =. \we blihtbadj =33fm adrs dri trdvijjbhm bh tgi
sdni lbriatbeh, kut dt lb``iriht spiils. Ehi bs
nevbhm w btg d vijeabty e` ;<.9ns-4 dhl `dbjs te
hetbai tgi etgir bh `reht lebhm ous t 7.93ns -4. \gi
‚ ridr-ihl„ aejjbsb eh steps tgi kdaf adr bhstdhtjy.
@bhl tgi vijeabty e` tgi `re ht adr bnnilbdtijy d`tir 
tgi aejjbsbeh.
;.
 D =93fm adr gds neniht un e` 4.49x43 < fmns -4.
]gdt bs bts v ijeabty5

7. D truaf b s gidlbhm hertg dt 49.3ns -4 wgih bt gds d

1. D pdssihmir kus bs trdvijjbhm dt 73.3fn/gr. gidl-eh aejjbsbeh wbtg d 233fm adr, wgbag wds
Bts nenihtun bs 4.<3x439fmns -4. gidlbhm seutg dt 19.3ns -4. Eh bnpdat tgi ; vigbajis
]gdt bs bts ndss5 jeaf temitgir dhl nevi hertg dt 0.;9ns -4.
@bhl tgi ndss e` tgi truaf.

<. \gi kus bh T1 sjewil lewh `ren 23.3fn/gr te

93.3fn/gr. ]gdt wds bts agdhmi bh nenihtun5 2. Bh d gidl-eh aejjbsbeh, ketg vigbajis dri kreumgt
te d ste p. (b..i. `bhdj nenihtun > zire)
d) Ixpjdbh gew tgbs b s pess bkji.

9. D neteraya ji (tetdj ndss 473fm) bs gidlbhm hertg k) B` ehi vigbaji wds twbai tgi ndss e` tgi etgir,
dt 19.3ns -4. Nidhwgbj i d 013fm adr bs gidlbhm wgdt nust gdvi kiih trui dkeut tgibr vijeabtbis5
seut g dt 43.3ns -4. ]gdt bs tgi sun e` tgi
nenihtun e` tgisi ; vigbajis5

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® ]erfsgiit 4; Bnpujsi
fiip bt sbnpji sabihai  Dh sw ir bh tg i spdais pr ev bl il.
Qtul iht Hdni......................................
(eh rivirsi, b` bhsu``bab iht reen)
4. @bhl tgi Bnpujsi bh idag adsi? <. Lurbhm krdfbhm, d adr wbtg ndss 793fm sjewil te
d) D ;3H `erai datil `er <.3s. d step `ren d spiil e` 93fn/gr (41.2ns -4). \gi
dvirdmi krdfbhm `e rai gdl d ndmhbt uli e` 1,233H.
Gew jehm lbl bt tdfi te step5

k) 493H e` `erai wds dppjbil `er 4 nbhuti.

a) @er ;;.9s d 233H `erai datil.

9. Bh d ridr-ihl aejjbsbeh, tgi stdtbehdry adr bs oejtil

`erwdrl wbt g d hiw vijeabty e` 7.93ns-4 bh tgi
;. bhstdht d`tir aejjbsb eh. \gi adr‒s ndss bs =93fm.
d) D `era i datil `e r 42.3s dhl risujtil bh 173Hs e`  d) Gew nuag nenihtun lbl tgi vigbaji mdbh5
Bnpujsi. ]gdt wds tgi sbzi e` tgi `erai5

k) Bh tgi datudj aejj bsbeh, tgi adrs wiri bh aeh tdat

k) \e dagbivi ;,093Hs e` bnpujsi, `er gew jehm `er oust 3.193s.
nust d 433H `erai ki dppjbil5 ]gdt `er ai datil eh t gi struaf vigbaji5

a) Gew nuag `erai bs hiilil te dagbivi 4;<3Hs e` 

bnpujsi bh d tbni e` 1;.9s5 a) Gew nuag nenihtun wds jest ky tgi etgir 
vigbaji5

1. D <33fm adr daaijirdtil `ren 43.3ns -4 te ;9.3ns -4

bh 7.;9s.
d) Adjaujdti bts agdhmi bh nenihtun. l) ]gdt `erai datil eh bt5

k) ]gdt bs tgi bnpujsi5

i) \gi nevb hm v igbaji gdl d ndss e` 4,<93fm dhl
wds nevbhm dt 43.9ns -4 ki`eri tgi aejjbsbeh. ]gdt
wds bts vijeabty bnn ilbdtijy d`tir aejjbs beh5

a) ]gdt dvirdmi hit `erai adusil tgi daaijirdtbeh5

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 43 Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
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fiip bt sbnpji sabihai

Dhswir Qiatbeh
]erfsgiit 4 ]erfsgiit ;
4.
4. d pusg er d pujj. @ > nd > 033x;.09 > 4,923 > 4.92x43 1H.

;. hiwteh (H) ;.
@ > nd > (4;3+03)x<.93 > 743 > 7.43x43 ;H.
1. Aehtdat `erais dat ehjy kitwiih ekoiats wgbag
dri teuagbhm idag etgir. im wgih d mej` ajuk 1.
teuagis tgi kdjj.
@>nd, se d>@/n > 933/1,933 > 3.4<;7...
@bijl `e rais adh d``iat susaiptbkji ekoiats dt d > 4.<1x43-4H.
lbstdhai wbtgeut teuagbhm. im mr dvbty, ndmhits.
<.
\e ixpjdbh `bijl `erais, wi usi tgi nelij wgbag n>@/d >4.;9x431/1.;3 >123.0... > 124fm
prepesis tgdt (`er ixdnpji) d ndmhit bs surreuhlil (1.24x43;fm)
ky dh bhvbsbkji ‚ `bijl„ e` `erai jbhis. \gisi le
hetgbhm uh tbj d susaiptbkji ekoiat ihtirs tgi `bijl, 9.
wgih d `erai wbjj dat eh tgi ekoiat. d) d>(v-u)/t > (3 -;;.9)/<.93 > -9.33ns -;
(liaijirdtbeh)
<.
d) \gi `erais datbhm dri iqudj & eppesbti (bh
k) @>nd > 7.33x43 1x(-9.33) > -<3,333H > -<.33x43 <H.
iqubjbkrbun) dhl adhaij idag et gir eut.
(Himdtbvi `era i > eppesbhm tgi netbeh)
k) 4st Jdw
0.
a) He agdhmis e` netbeh adh eaaur. d) d>@/n >433/(03+49) > 4.11ns -;.
k) d>(v - u)/t, se v >u+dt > 3 + 4.11x43.3 > 41.1ns -4.
l) [isujtdht bs zire kiadusi tgi viater lbdmrdn a) 41.1x1.0 > <=.2fn/gr.
ajesis eh btsij`.

]erfsgiit 1
4.
d) ]>nm > ;9,333x2.7 > ;<9,333 > ;.<9x43 9H.
9.
d) ]gih d hit (uhkdjdhail) `erai dats eh dh ekoiat. k) b) \dfi-e`` ndss bs 73% `uij>;3,333fm e` `uij +
9,333fm adpsuji.
k) Daaijirdtbeh wbjj eaaur, bh tgi lbriatbeh e` tgi hit 1/< bs kurhil ridagbhm erkbt, s e 9,333fm `uij + 9,333fm
`erai. adpsuji rindbh. Ndss bh erkbt > 43,333fm.

a) @ > nd bb) Bh erkbt (`rii `djj) wibmgt > zire.

0. \gbs bs d aehsiquihai e` Hiwteh‒s 1rl Jdw. a) b) He `uij j i`t, se ndss > 9,333fm.
\gi pirseh pusgil idstwdrl eh tgi wdjj. bb) ]>nm > 9,333x4.= >7,933H > 7.9x431H.
\gi wdjj dppjbil d ‚ ridatbeh ` erai„ wistwdrl eh tgi
pirseh. ;.
\gi i``iat e` tgi `erai eh tgi wdjj (dttdagil te tgi d) ]>nm > 3.;93x2.7 > ;.<9H.
Idrtg) wds himjbmbkji, kut tgi i``iat e` tgi ridatbeh
eh tgi pirseh wds hetbaidkji. k) =93m > 3.=93fm.

=. a) d>@/n > ;.<9/3.=93 > 1.;=ns -;.

d) \gi viater lbdm. bs d rbmgt trbdhmji. \gi ndmhbtuli
e` tgi risujtdht adh ki adjaujdtil usbhm Sytgdmerus‒ 1.
tgierin. \gi lbriatbeh dhmji adh ki `euhl ky d) ]>nm, se n>]/m > 4.73x43</;;.9 > 733fm.
trbmehenitry.
k) ]>nm > 733x2.7 > =,7<3 > =.7<x43 1H.
k) [isejvi idag viater bhte H-Q & I-] aenpehihts.
 Dll dj j H-Q ae npehihts dhl I-] ae npehihts a) d>@/n > 9.33x431/733 > 0.;9ns -;.
sipdrdtijy.
\gi tetdjs e` tgisi aenpehihts adh ki aenkbhil
usbhm tgi nitgel bh (d).

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 44 Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
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®
Dhswir Qiatbeh (aeht.)
fiip bt sbnpji sabihai
0. (aeht.) 7.3H
]erfsgiit <
4. [; > ;9; + <3; [; > 0.1; + 7;
> 0;9 + 4033 [ [ > 431.02
      H
[ > ;;;9       3 > 43.;H       H
      <       1
> <=.; H  . [
      0
\dh π > 7 / 0.1 > 4.;0=
tdh π > <3 / ;9 > 4.0 π π ≉ 9;e π
∼ π ≉ 97e
;9H
[isujtdht `erai bs 43.; H
[isujtdht bs `erai e` <=.;H eh kidrbhm 1; e . eh kidrbhm 9; e.

;. [; > 43; + 13; [

> 433 + 233
[ > 4333
]erfsgiit 9
π d) ...dmdbhst dhy netbeh.
> 14.0 H
k) ...sur`dai drid e` aehtdat, kut bs rijdtil te tgi
93H 43H herndj `erai. Eh d gerbzehtdj, tgbs bs sbnpjy tgi
tdh π > 13 / 43 > 1.3
wibmgt `erai.
∼ π ≉ =;e ;3H a) @ @ > ¹@H, wgiri @H > nm.aes η
[isujtdht bs `erai e` 14.0H (dhl sbha i aes3e>4, eh d gerbzehtdj sur`dai @ H>nm)
eh kidrbhm 1<; e .
l) ‚ ¹„ bs tgi ‚ aei``babiht e` `rbat beh„ (Ae@). Ae@ bs d
47H hunirbadj vdjui (he uhb ts) wgbag dppjbis te idag
1. @y
@x > 47.aes;3 pdbr e` sukstdhais bh aehtdat te djjew adjaujdtbeh e ` 
;3e tgi `rbatbeh `erai.
> 40.2H
@y > 47.sbh;3 @x
\ypis e` @rbatbeh
> ;.4H
Qtdtba > `rbatbeh `erai wgbag eppesis dhy `erai
dttinptbhm te ndfi d stdtbehdry ekoiat kimbh te
<. d) @b > nm.sbh η > 9.3 x 2.7 x sbh43 nevi. Qtdtba `rbatb eh `erai wbj j bharidsi te ndtag
> 7.94H dhy dppjbil `erai dhl priviht netbeh, up te d
k) db > m.sbh η > 2.7 x sbh 43 > 4.=3 ns -;. airtdbh ndx. vdjui.
(er, d>@ / n > 7.94 / 9 > 4.=3) Fbhitba > `rbatbeh `erai wgbag eppesis netbeh ehai
dh ekoiat kimbhs te nevi. Mihirdjjy fbhitba Ae@ bs
9. jiss tgdh stdtba Ae@.
Qbhai het daaijirdtbhm, djj ` erais nust 1.79H
ki bh iqubjbkrbun, se viater l bdm. [ejjbhm > `rbatbeh `erai eppesbhm netbeh e` d
π rejjbhm er wgiijil ekoiat. Mihirdjjy Ae@ bs jiss
bs ajesil.
u    tgdh `er sjblbhm `rbatbeh.
h   
x ; > 9.;9; + 1.79; f   
h          H
      9
e          ; @jubl > `rbatbeh eppesbhm tgi `jew e` d jbqubl er mds
x > <;.179 w     .
h          9 lui te bts vbsaes bty.
> 0.94 H >   
„    
x    Mihirdjjy viry sndjj aenpdril t e ` rbatbeh kitwiih
„    
sejbls, se b` d jbqubl bs pjdail kitwiih ; sejbls, tgi
tdh π > 9.;9 / 1.79 > 4.1010.... `rbatb eh bs riluail sbmhb`ba dhtjy. \gbs wgy
π ≉ 91e jukrbadtbeh bs i``iatbvi.

Yhfhewh `erai bs 0.94H eh kidrbhm 4<1 e.

0. [isejvi idag viater bhte aenpehihts

Piater H-Q aenp.(@y) I-] aenp.(@x)
 D -;4.; +;4.;

K 3 -49

A +7.= -9.3

L +47.7 +0.7
\etdjs +0.1H +7.3H

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 4; Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aep yrb mgt © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
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Dhswir Qiatbeh (aeht.)
fiip bt sbnpji sabihai

]erfsgiit 0 ]erfsgiit = (aeht.)

4. ;.
Mrdvbtdtbehdj SI > ihirmy lui te pesbtbeh wbtgbh d d) nm > 9.3 x 2.7 > <2H
mrdvbtdtbehdj `bijl.
Aginbadj SI > ihirmy steril wbtgbh tgi aginbadj Qbhai kex bs sjblbhm dt aehstdht vijeabty,
kehls b h d sukstdhai. @@ > @b (sii pdrt a)
Ijdstba SI > ihirmy steril bh dh ekoiat tgdt gds
kiih stritagil, twbstil, aenprissil, ita. @b > nm.sbh η > <2.sbh;9 > ;3.=H

;. @H > nm.aes η > <2.aes;9 > <<.<H

Ihirmy adhhet ki aridtil her listreyil. \gi tetdj
ihirmy ki`eri & d`tir dh ihirmy trdhs`erndtbeh bs [idatbeh `era i djse iqudjs <<.<H (ndmhbtuli).
iqudj.
k) @@ > ¹.@H, se ¹ > @@ / @H > ;3.= / <<.<
1. FI > 4.nv ; > 3.<=
; 1.
@@ > ¹.@H > ¹.nm > 3.3; x 1.9 x 2.7 > -3.070 H
uhbt > oeuji (O) Ihirmy bs d sadjdr qudhtbty. (`rbatbeh, se aehsbliril himdtbvi)
daaijirdtbeh?
<. d > @/n > -3.070 / 1.9 > - 3.420 ns -;
]erf bs lehi wgih d `erai dats evir d lbspjdainiht
dhl bs iqubvdjiht te tgi ihirmy a gdhmi bhvejvil. Lbspjdainiht te ridag v>3?
] > @.Q
v ; > u ; + ;dQ, se 3 > 40.9; + ; x (-3.420) x Q
9. -;=;.;9 > -3.420 x Q
v ; > u ; + ;dQ, se d > v ; - u ; ∼ Q > 4,172 n (dkeut 4.< fn !)
;Q
<.
Qukstbtutbhm ` er ‚ d„ bh @ > n.d > n(v ; - u ;) d) b) @b > nm.sbh η > 19 x 2.7 x sbh<3 > ;;3.9 H
;Q
se, @.Q > 4n(v ; - u ;) > 4.nv ; - 4.nu ; bb) @H > nm.aes η > 19 x 2.7 x aes<3 > ;0;.7 H
; ; ;
k) @@ > ¹.@H > 3.;9 x ;0;.7 > 09.= H
\gbs nidhs ]erf lehi > agdhmi bh FI,
tgiri`eri, werf & ihirmy dri iqubvdjiht. a) hit `era i > @b -@@ > ;;3.9 - 09.= > 49<.7 H

0. MSI > ∀Y > nm ∀g l) d > @ / n > 49<.7 / 19 > <.<; ns -;

=. P; > Y; + ;dQ > 3 + ; x <.<; x 9 > <<.;

d) Niag.ihirmy > FI + MSI ∼ P > 0.09 ns -4

k) (dssunbhm he `rb atbeh) niagdhbadj ihirmy bs i) hiw (ndx) `rbatbeh `erai?

aehsirvil bh d sbnpji systin bh wgbag ekoiats nevi @@ > ¹.@H > 3.79 x ;0;.7 > ;;1.< H
kdaf-dhl-`ertg er up-dhl-lewh.
\gbs ixaiils t gi wibmgt aenpe hiht (@b ) lbriatil
lewh tgi sj bli, se tgi agbjl wbjj HE\ nevi uhlir 
]erfsgiit = gbs/gir ewh wibmgt.
4.
d) - i)
-@H
@@
]erfsgiit 7
4.
d) If > 3.9nv ; > 3.9x;33x43; >43,333 >4.3x43 < O.
k) > 3.9x;33x13; >23,333 >2.3x43< O.
a) bha ridsil 2 tbnis (b.i. 1;)

@b ;.
d) If > 3.9nv ; , se v ;>;xIf /n > ;x403,333/733
@H v ; > <33, se v > ;3ns -4.
k) v>;3x1.0 > =;fn/gr.
η nm

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 41 Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aep yrb mgt © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
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]erfsgiit 7 (aeht.) ]erfsgiit 2

1. 4.
∀If > 3.9n(v ; - u ;) > 3.9x033x(13.3;-4;.9;) d) P; > Y; + ;dQ > 3 + ;x2.7x43.3 > 420
> ;.;1x439 O. ∼ P > 4<.3 ns -4

<. k) ∀Y > nm ∀g > 7.3x2.7x43.3 > =7< O

∀If > 3.9nv ; - 3.9nu ;
(-9.33x439) > 3.9x9,933xv ; - 3.9x9,933x;3.3; a) Bt aehvirts te FI
Heti? agdhmi bh FI bs himdtbvi, kiadusi ihirmy
wds jest. l) Qbhai MSI > FI tgih =7< > 3.9x7xv ;
(-9.33x439) > ;,=93v ; - 4.43x430
∼ v > =7< / < > 4<.3 ns -4 (pgiw!)
∼ v ; > (-9x439 + 4.4x430)/;,=93
v > ;47.47
> 4<.7ns -4. ;.
d) If > 3.9nv ; > 3.9 x 3.39 x 193; > 1,301 O
9.
d) ] > @.Q > 93x<.9 > ;;9 H.n (;.1x43 ; H.n) k) ∀Y > nm ∀g, se 1,301 > 3.39 x 2.7 x g
k) ] > @.Q dhl @ > nd, g > 1,301 / 3.39x2.7 > 0,;93 n (evir 0fn!!)
se ] > nd.Q > <.3x4.9x1.; > 42 H.n
a) ] > @.Q > 13x93 > 4933 > 4.9x431 H.n a) MSI dt 4,<33n? ∀Y > nm ∀g > 3.39x2.7x4,<33
(ndss h et us il) > 070 O
Ihirmy us il `bmg tbh m dbr r isbstdhai > 1,301 - 070
0.
> ;,1== O
d) ]>@.Q > 4,;33x=9.3 > 23,333 > 2.33x43 < H.n.
k) 2.33x43< H.n. (kiadusi ]erf > ∀If ) (hidrjy 73% e` ihirmy)
a) ∀If > 3.9nv ; - 3.9nu ; l) ] > @.Q
2.33x43< > 3.9x233xP; - 3 ;,1== > @ x 4,<33 se @ > 4.= H
∼ v ; > 2.33x43</<93
v > ;33 > 4<.4ns -4. (Heti? tgi `rbatb eh `erai bs s ndjj, kut datbhm evir d
l) @>nd, d>@/n > 4,;33/233 > 4.11 ns -4 jehm lbs tdhai, d jet e` werf bs lehi.)
i) d>(v-u)/t, t>(v-u)/d > (4<.4-3)/4.11 > 43.0s.
i) Bt bs aehvirtil bhte jew-mrdli gidt bh tgi dbr dhl
lbssbpdtis. \gi ihirmy b s het mehi? tgi dtnespgiri
=. bs hew sjbmgt jy wdrnir tgdh ki`eri tgi kujjit
d) ∀If > 3.9nv ; - 3.9nu ; > 3.9x43,333x(7.93 ; - ;9.3;)
pdssil.
> -;.=0x430O.
(ihirmy jest, se himdtbvi)
k) ∀If > ]erf > @.Q, se @ > ]/Q > -;.=0x43 0/;93 1.
> -4.44x43<H. Niag.Ihirmy > FI + MSI
(Himdtbvi `erai, kiadusi bt dats dmdbhst tgi netbeh) > 3.9.n.v ; + n.m.g
> 3.9x9,333x;,933 ; + 9,333x2.7x73,333
a) (rejjbhm) @rbatbeh > 4.90;9 x 43 2 + 1.2;3x432
l) @>nd, d>@/n > -4.44x43 </43,333 > -4.44ns -; > 9.<7 x 432 O
(liaijirdtbeh) <.
d > (v - u)/t, se t > (v - u)/d >(7.93-;9.3/-4.44 d) FImdbhil > MSIjest
> 4<.2s.
3.9.n.v ; > nmg
7.
v ; > ;mg
d) @>nd, d > @/n > 7,333/;93 > 1;.3ns -;.
v > ;.m.∀g
k) d > (v - u)/t, v > u + dt > 3 + 1;.3x9.;3 > 400ns -4.
k) > ;x2.7x1,333
v > ;<;.9 ns -4 ( > 7=1 fn/gr !!! )
a) ∀If > 3.9nv ; - 3.9nu ; > 3.9x;93x400 ; - 3
> 1.<<x430 O.
a) ‚\irnbhdj vijeabty„ bs aehstdht (neri er jiss), se
H‒s 4st Jdw bs bh pjdy... tgiri nust ki HE hit `erai.
l) ∀If > ]erf > @.Q, se Q > ]/@ >1.<<x430/7,333
\gbs nidhs tgdt tgi ritdrlbhm dbr risbstdhai `erai bs
> <14 n.
iqudj & eppesb ti te tgi wibmgt `era i wgbag weujl
etgirwbsi adusi daaijirdtbeh.
\gbs djse nidhs tgdt FI bs HE\ bharidsbhm. \gi
jess e` MSI bs het preluab hm dllbtbehdj FI.
Aehsirv. e` niagdhbadj ihirmy bs HE\ gdppihbhm!

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 4< Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aep yrb mgt © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
www.fiipbtsbnpjisabihai.aen.du

FBQQ [iseurais `er HQ] Qyjjdkusis & Dustrdjbdh Aurrbaujun

®
Dhswir Qiatbeh (aeht.)
fiip bt sbnpji sabihai

]erfsgiit 43 ]erfsgiit 44
4. 4.
d) Ihirmy mdbh bs FI > 3.9.n.v ; > 3.9x;.3x7.9; d) τ > nv > 4;3x9.;9 > 013fmns -4.
> =;.;9 O k) τ > nv > <73x;;.9 > 43,733 > 4.37x43 <fmns -4.
Sewir > ∀I / t > =;.;9 / ;.9 > ;7.2 ] a) τ > nv > 2,933x1;.3 > 13<,333 > 1.3<x43 9fmns -4.

k) Ihirmy mdbh bs MSI > nmg > 433x2.7x;3 ;.

> 42,033 O τ > nv, se v > τ/n > 4.49x43</=93 > 49.1ns -4.
Sewir > ∀I / t > 42,033 / 13 > 091 ]
1. v > 73.3/1.0 > ;;.;ns -4
a) Ihirmy mdbh bs FI + MSI > 3.9nv; + nmg τ > nv, se n >τ/v > 4.<x439/;;.; > 0.14x43 1fm .
> 3.9x4;x;9; + 4;x2.7x13
> 1,=93 + 1,9;7
> =,;=7 O <. u > 23.3/1.0 > ;9.3ns -4. v > 93.3/1.0 > 41.2ns -4
Sewir > ∀I / t > =,;=7 / 3.9 > 4<,990 ] ∀τ > nv - nu > 0.14x431x(41.2-;9.3) > -=33
(4<.0 f]) (himdtbv i, jest nenihtu n) > -=.33x43 ;fmns -4.

;. 9.
Ihirmy agdhmi > MSI >nmg > 4,333x2.7x43 neterayaji? τ >nv >473x19.3 > 0.13x43 1fmns -4
> 27,333 O hertg.
Sewir > ∀I / t se t > ∀I / S adr? τ > nv > 013x43.3 > 0.13x43 1fmns -4 seutg.
> 27,333 / ;9 Nenihtun bs d viater, se tgisi nenihtd dri iqudj,
> 1,2;3 s kut eppesbti. \giy adhaij eut. Qun > zire.
(d kbt evir 4 geur)

1. 0. τb > τ`
Sewir > ∀I / t n D .u D + n K .u K > n D .v D + n K .v K
se ∀I > S.t > ;,933,333 x 03x03 Qbhai tgi adrs jea f temitgir, `bhdj vijeabty bs tgi
> 2,333,333,333 O sdni.
> 2 x 432 O (2,333 NO) 033x;=.3 + 4,933x3 > (033+4,933)xP
<. ;,433P > 40,;33
Sewir > ∀I / t se t > ∀I / S v > =.=4ns -4.
> 433 / 9,333 > 3.3; s =. τb > τ` 
n D .u D + n K .u K > n D .v D + n K .v K
9. =33x;<.9 + =33x7.93 > 3 + =33x P K
S > @.vdv > 7,933 x 43 > 79,333 ] (79 f])
PK > (4=,493+9,293)/=33
0. > 11.3ns -4.
d) ∀Y > nm ∀g > (9;+=9)x2.7x;.3 > ;,<72 O 7. τb > τ` 
n D .u D + n K .u K > n D .v D + n K .v K
k) [dnp jihmtg > [. sbh44 > ;/[ (jit hertg ki +vi, seutg -vi)
[ > ; / sbh44 > 43.9 n n D x49.3 - 233x19.3 > n D x0.;9 + 233x0.;9
7.=9xn D > 14,933 + 9,0;9
a) v dv > Q/t > 43.9 / 7.; > 4.;7 ns -4 n D > 1=,4;9/7.=9 > <.;<x43 1fm.
2.
l) @@ > ¹.@H wgiri @H > nmAes η d) B` tgiy gdl iqudj ndmhbtulis e` nenihtun, kut
> 9;x2.7xaes44 eppesbti lbriatbehs, tgih tgi sun e` tgibr 
> 933 H
nenihtun > zire.
@@ > 3.49 x 933
> =9H k) \e gdvi iqudj ndmhbtulis e` nenihtun, tgi
preluat NxP nust ki tgi sdni `er idag (bmherbhm
i) S > MSI + @@.v dv > ;,<72/7.; + =9x 4.;7 lbriatbeh). B` ehi gds twb ai tgi ndss, tgi etgir nust
t gdvi twbai tgi vijeabty.
> 131.9 + 20 > 122.9 ≉ <33 ]

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 49 Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aep yrb mgt © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
www.fiipbtsbnpjisabihai.aen.du

FBQQ [iseurais `er HQ] Qyjjdkusis & Dustrdjbdh Aurrbaujun

®
Dhswir Qiatbeh (aeht.)
fiip bt sbnpji sabihai

]erfsgiit 4; 9.
4. d) ∀τ > n(v - u) > =93x(7.93 - 3)
d) B > @.t > ;3x<.3 > 73Hs. > 0,1=9 > 0.17x43 1fmns -4.
k) B > @.t > 493x03 > 2x43 1Hs. k) ∀τ > Bnpujs i > @.t, se @ > B/t > 0.17x431/3.193
a) B > @.t > 233x;;.9 > ;3,;93 > ;.31x43 <Hs. > 4.7;x43<H.
a) Nenihtun bs a ehsirvil, se nenihtun mdbhil
;. ky ehi iqudjs nenihtun jest ky tgi etg ir.
d) B > @.t, se @>B/t > 173/42.3 > ;3.3H. Nenihtun jes t ky t gi etgir vigbaji
k) B > @.t, se t > B/@ > ;,093/433 > ;0.9s. >0.17x431fmns -4.
a) @ > B/t > 4,;<3/1;.9 > 17.;H.
l) @ > -4.7;x43 <H (ky Hiwteh‒s 1rl Jdw)
1. i) ∀τ > n(v - u) (nenihtun jest, se himdtbvi)
d) ∀τ > n(v - u) > <33x(;9.3 - 43.3) > 0.33x43 1fmns -4. -0.17x431 > 4,<93x(v - 43.9)
k) B > 0.33x431fmns -4. v > -<.< + 43.9 > +0.43ns -4.
(Bnpujsi > agdhmi bh nenihtun) (b.i. stbjj nev bhm `erw drl, kut sjewir)
a) B > @.t, se @ > B/t > 0,333/7.;9 > =;=H.

<.
∀τ > n(v - u) > 793(3 - 41.2)
> -44,749 > -4.47x43 <fmns -4.
(himdtbvi kiadusi bt jest nenihtun)
Agdhmi bh ne nihtun > Bnpujs i > @.t
t>B/@ > -4.47x43</-1,233
(himdtbvi `erai, eppesbhm netb eh)
> 1.31s.

Sgysbas Nel.; ‚ Lyhdnbas„ ]erfsgiits pdmi 40 Ysdmi & aepybhm b s pirnbttil daaerlbhm
aep yrb mgt © ;341-4= FIIS B\ QBNSJI QABIHAI te tgi QB\I JBAIHAI AEHLB\BEHQ ehjy
www.fiipbtsbnpjisabihai.aen.du

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