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Wing Problems

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20 views37 pages

Wing Problems

Uploaded by

Jonathan palomino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Estructuras Aeronáuticas

Aerospace Structures
Juan Carlos Perafan Lopez
Aeroelasticity
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Wing problems
Aeroelasticity

Aeroelasticity may cause excessive vibration in


the structure. It should not be presented in high
magnitudes in regular flight conditions due to:
• Interference with aircraft controllability.
• It may cause physical fatigue on crew
members.
• It may cause significant structural damage.
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NASA Helios Solar Plane, gusts caused tips to bend over 50ft leading to loss of control
and catastrophic overload.
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Two different type of aeroelastic problem occur


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9
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Aeroelasticity

Static stability Dynamic stability

Load Dynamic
Divergence Control reversal Flutter Buffeting
distribution response
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Load distribution and divergence


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Load distribution and divergence


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Load distribution and divergence


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Load distribution and divergence


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Wing torsional divergence (finite wing)


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Wing torsional divergence (finite wing)

(a) Consider a straight wing with


flexural axis nearly perpendicular to
the aircrafts plane of symmetry.
(b) A strip element of chord c and
spanwise 𝛿𝑧 as acting
independently of the remain of the
wing and consider its equilibrium.
(equilibrium of moments).
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Wing torsional divergence (finite wing)


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Wing torsional divergence (finite wing)


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Wing torsional divergence (finite wing)


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Wing torsional divergence (finite wing)


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Sweep wing divergence


Sweep wing divergence
Control effectiveness and reversal
Control effectiveness and reversal
Control effectiveness and reversal
Control effectiveness and reversal
Control effectiveness and reversal
Flutter
• Flutter is defined as the dynamic
instability of an elastic body in an
airstream.
• Found frequently in aircraft structures
subjected to large aerodynamic loads
such as the wing.
• Flutter occurs at a critical speed 𝑉𝑓
which is defined as the lowest speed
at which a given structure will
oscillate with sustained simple
harmonic motion.
Flutter (Classical flutter)
• Although the effective wing incidence
produces aerodynamic forces which
oppose the motion at all stages, the
aerodynamic force associated with
the geometric incidence have a
destabilizing effect.
• At a certain speed 𝑉𝑓 a
destabilization effect becomes greater
than the stabilizing forces and the
oscillation diverge.
Flutter (Stalling flutter)

Stall flutter of aircraft wings and


empennages is associated with very
high angles of attack. Large incidence
is necessary to induce separation of the
flow from the suction surface.
Flutter (Aileron buzz)

• This non classical form of flutter


occurs at high subsonic speeds and
is associated with at the shockwave
on the wing forward of the aileron.
buffeting

• Buffeting is produced most


commonly in a tailplane by eddies
caused by poor airflow in the wing
wake striking the tailplane at a
frequency equal to its natural
frequency.
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Buffeting
• A tractor propeller of a typical airplane is a
destabilizing influence on the directional stability,
and it also imparts a rotational velocity to the
slipstream.
• This effect can be very pronounced in aircraft with
large engines. The Grumman F8F Bearcat, a
carrier plane, would require a certain degree of
rudder offset by the pilot to counteract the yaw
induced by the sidewash during high powered
take-offs.
• Contrarotating propellers are a solution to this
problem.

https://history.nasa.gov/SP-367/chapt9.htm
36

Grumman F8F Bearcat


Dynamic response

Flexural and torsional


modes are ay be coupled
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