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Diode Working Principal

The diode allows current to pass in one direction but blocks it in the other, acting like a one-way check valve. This rectification property is used to convert alternating current to direct current. Diodes can have more complex behavior than simple on-off action due to their nonlinear current-voltage characteristics, beginning conduction only above a threshold voltage and exhibiting breakdown at high reverse voltages. Special diodes are made for functions like voltage regulation, surge protection, tuning, oscillation generation, and light emission through tailoring their semiconductor materials and doping.

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Sanjivee Sachin
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238 views1 page

Diode Working Principal

The diode allows current to pass in one direction but blocks it in the other, acting like a one-way check valve. This rectification property is used to convert alternating current to direct current. Diodes can have more complex behavior than simple on-off action due to their nonlinear current-voltage characteristics, beginning conduction only above a threshold voltage and exhibiting breakdown at high reverse voltages. Special diodes are made for functions like voltage regulation, surge protection, tuning, oscillation generation, and light emission through tailoring their semiconductor materials and doping.

Uploaded by

Sanjivee Sachin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIODE

The most common function of a diode is to allow an electric current to pass


in one direction (called the diode's forward direction), while blocking it in the
opposite direction (the reverse direction). As such, the diode can be viewed
as an electronic version of a check valve. This unidirectional behavior is
called rectification, and is used to convert alternating current (ac) to direct
current (dc). Forms of rectifiers, diodes can be used for such tasks as
extracting modulation from radio signals in radio receivers.
However, diodes can have more complicated behavior than this simple on–
off action, because of their nonlinear current-voltage
characteristics. Semiconductor diodes begin conducting electricity only if a
certain threshold voltage or cut-in voltage is present in the forward direction
(a state in which the diode is said to be forward-biased). The voltage drop
across a forward-biased diode varies only a little with the current, and is a
function of temperature; this effect can be used as a temperature sensor or
as a voltage reference. Also, diodes' high resistance to current flowing in
the reverse direction suddenly drops to a low resistance when the reverse
voltage across the diode reaches a value called the breakdown voltage.
A semiconductor diode's current–voltage characteristic can be tailored by
selecting the semiconductor materials and the doping impurities introduced
into the materials during manufacture. These techniques are used to create
special-purpose diodes that perform many different functions. For example,
diodes are used to regulate voltage (Zener diodes), to protect circuits from
high voltage surges (avalanche diodes), to electronically tune radio and TV
receivers (varactor diodes), to generate radio-frequency oscillations (tunnel
diodes, Gunn diodes, IMPATT diodes), and to produce light (light-emitting
diodes). Tunnel, Gunn and IMPATT diodes exhibit negative resistance,
which is useful in microwave and switching circuits.
Diodes, both vacuum and semiconductor, can be used as shot-noise
generators.

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