Example 8.

1:
A rectangular foundation is shown in figure below. Given that, Q1 = 400 kN, Q2 = 500 kN, q(net)all = 140
kN/m2, L3 = 3.5 m. Based on the location of the property line, it is required that L2 be 1.5 m. Determine the
size (B L) of the rectangular combined footing.

Step-1:
Given,
Q1 = 400 kN
Q2 = 500 kN
q(net)all = 140 kN/m2
L3 = 3.5 m
L2 = 1.5 m

Find, B and L?

Step 2:
Area of the foundation
𝑄 𝑄
𝐴 6 𝑚
𝑞 𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑙𝑙
𝐿

Step 3:
Location of the resultant of the column loads (taking moment about Q1)

Step 4:
For a uniform distribution of soil pressure under the foundation,

Step 5:
L1 can be obtained as follows –
L = L1 + L2 + L3
or, L1 = L – L2 – L3 = 6.9 – 1.5 – 3.5 = 1.9 m

Step 6:
The width of the foundation –
B = A/L = 6.43/6.9 = 0.93 m
Example 8.2:
A trapezoidal foundation is shown in figure below. Given that, Q1 = 1000 kN, Q2 = 400 kN, q(net)all =
120kN/m2, L3 = 3m. Based on the location of the property line, it is required that L2 be 1.2 m and L1 be 1 m.
Determine B1 and B2.

Step-1: Q1 Q2
Q1 + Q2
Given,
Q1 = 1000 kN X
L2 L3 L1
Q2 =400 kN
q(net)all = 120 kN/m2
L1 = 1.0 m
L = 5.2 m
L2 = 1.2 m
L3 = 3.0 m
So, L = L1 + L2 + L3 = 1 + 1.2 + 3 = 5.2 m 1.2 m 3m 1m
B1 B2
Find, B1 and B2?

Step 2:
Area of the foundation,
𝑄 𝑄 𝐿 𝐵 𝐵
𝐴 6 𝑚 ( )
𝑞 𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝐵 𝐵

Again, are of the trapezoid,

Step 3:
Location of the resultant of the column loads (taking moment about Q1)

Step 4:
For a uniform distribution of soil pressure under the foundation,

( )

( )
Step 4:
Solving eqn (i) and (ii),
B1 = 3.65 m
B2 = 0.84 m

Problem: Cantilever Strap Footing

Step-1:
Given, column loads
Pex = 151.7 k
Pin = 220.5 k 151.7 k 220.5 k
2
q(net)all = 3 ksf (kip/ft ) 1’- 4”
18’- 0”
= 1.34’

Step 2:
Strap
Assume width of exterior footing,
B = 7’- 8” = 7.67’
Pex
Pin
Distance between Pin and Pex reactions, 7’- 8”
B×B
18 + 1.34 – (7.67/2) = 15.5’ (15’- 6”)

Step 3:
Taking moment about, Pin
(151.7 × 18) – (Pex × 15.5) = 0
Pex = (151.7 × 18)/15.5 = 176.16 k

Sum of vertical load,

Step 3:
Area of exterior footing,
A = Pex/ q(net)all
Or A = 176.16/3
Or, B2 = 58.72 [A =B x B = B2]
Or, B = 7.66’ = 7’ – 8”
===
Or A = 176.16/3
Or, B x B = 58.72
Or, B = 58.72/B = 58.72/7.67 = 7.66’ = 7’-8”
===

Step 3:
Area of interior footing,
A = Pin/ q(net)all
Or A = 196.04/3
Or, B2 = 65.34 [A =B x B = B2]
Or, B = 8.08’ ~ 8.25’ = 8’ – 3”

===
How to assume B for initial trial
B2 = 151.7/3
Or, B2 = 50.57
Or, B = 7.12 = 7’ – 2”
===
Problem 8.1
Determine the net ultimate bearing capacity of mat foundations with the following characteristics:
cu = 2500 lb/ft2, φ’ =0, B = 20 ft, L = 30 ft, Df = 6.2 ft.

Net ultimate bearing capacity,

( )( )
cu = 2500 lb/ft2
( )( ) Df = 6.2 ft φ’ = 0
= 16321.04 lb/ft2 = 16.3 kip/ft2
B = 20 ft × L= 30 ft
===
Net allowable bearing capacity,
6

Net allowable load,

Example:

Step - 1:
Given information, ( )( )
Df = 6.2 ft Qa cu = 2500 lb/ft2
B = 20 ft and L =( 30 ft )( ) Df = 6.2 ft ϕ’ = 300
2
c' = 2500 lb/ft 2
= 16321.04 lb/ft = 16.3 kip/ft2 γ =110 lb/ft3
0
ϕ' = 30
γ =110 lb/ft3 B = 20 ft × L= 30 ft
F.S. = 3

Find, Qa = ?

For ϕ’ = 300
Nc = 30.14
Nq = 18.40
Nγ = 22.40

Surcharge (vertical effective stress at the base of the

Depth factors: (Df/B = 6.2/20 = 0.31, so, Df/B ≤ 1, ϕ' = 300, so ϕ' > 0)

= 1 + [2 tan (1 - sin )2 (Df/B)] =1 + [2 tan 300 (1 – sin 300)2 (6.2/20)] = 1.089

Inclination factors: (load is applied vertically)

Step-3:
Gross ultimate bearing capacity (stress),

= (2500 × 30.14 × 1.407 × 1.094 × 1) + (682 × 18.40 × 1.385 × 1.089 × 1) + (0.5 × 110 × 20 × 22.40 ×
0.733 × 1 × 1)

= 152971.12 lb/ft2

Step-4:
Gross allowable bearing capacity (stress),

Step-5:
Gross allowable load,

Qa = ×A

= 30594225 lb = 30594.225 kip

b. Depth where F.S. = 2,

( )( )

( )( )

or, 320 - 35.3Df = (257+37.59) +7.86 Df