AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL

UNIVERSITY-BANGLADESH
Faculty of Engineering

Lab report cover sheet

Experiment Title: Performing Mathematical Operation and Performance Analysis in MATLAB.

Experiment No: 04 Date of Submission:
Course Title: Modern Control Systems Lab
Course Code: Section: B
Semester: Spring 2020-21 Course Teacher: Asif Mahfuz

Declaration and Statement of Authorship:

1. I/we hold a copy of this Assignment/Case-Study, which can be produced if the original is lost/damaged.
2. This Assignment/Case-Study is my/our original work and no part of it has been copied from any other student’s work or from
any other source except where due acknowledgement is made.
3. No part of this Assignment/Case-Study has been written for me/us by any other person except where such collaboration has
been authorized by the concerned teacher and is clearly acknowledged in the assignment.
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5. This work may be reproduced, communicated, compared and archived for the purpose of detecting plagiarism.
6. I/we give permission for a copy of my/our marked work to be retained by the Faculty for review and comparison, including
review by external examiners.
7. I/we understand that Plagiarism is the presentation of the work, idea or creation of another person as though it is your own. It
is a formofcheatingandisaveryseriousacademicoffencethatmayleadtoexpulsionfromtheUniversity. Plagiarized material can be
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8. I/we also understand that enabling plagiarism is the act of assisting or allowing another person to plagiarize or to copy my/our
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* Student(s) must complete all details except the faculty use part.
** Please submit all assignments to your course teacher or the office of the concerned teacher.

Group Name/No.: 07

No Name ID Program Signature

17-35918-3
1 Prokorso, Manzur-E-Elahi BSc [EEE]
     
17-34709-2
2 Kawshik Halder BSc [EEE]
     
3 Pallab Biswas 17-35354-3 BSc [EEE]
17-35404-3
4 Rahman Md. Naimur BSc [EEE]
     
5 Shahriar, Md. Abu Hasnat 18-37759-1 BSc [EEE]

6            
7            
8            
9            
10            
 Faculty use only
FACULTYCOMMENTS

Marks Obtained

Total Marks

Objective:

The objective of this experiment is to get introduced with useful tools for mathematical
operations in MATLAB such as partial fraction expansion, simplification, pole-zero
determination, Laplace transform, inverse Laplace transform, state-space model generation etc. It
is easy to learn because of its interpreted language. Later it can be used to facilitate our
simulation projects also. As we know, MATLAB is more powerful and essential than excel, it is
very beneficiary to know these mathematical operations for plotting graph and results in
academic papers. It can be used to understand how to analyze performance of second order
systems too.

Task:

1. Write down two transfer functions (as if after performing Laplace transform on them) that are
defined as follows:

Then use the MATLAB function “series” and apply a negative feedback. Both expressions
should be viewed using the MATLAB function “printsys”.

2. Write down the following transfer function (after performing Laplace transform on it):
Now using the MATLAB function “step” a unit step function is given as an input for the wheel
velocity versus time response and the output response is seen for certain time limit defined as
“t”.
3. Using the MATLAB function “poly”, convert ‘deny’ to polynomial from the roots value
given in the program. Then using the MATLAB function “residue”, do partial fraction expansion
to the function defined by ‘numy’ and ‘deny’.
4. Write down the following transfer function (as if after performing Laplace transform on it)
first as row vector.

Then using the MATLAB function “tf”, show an actual mathematical expression of the
transfer function in the output.
5. Define the transfer function (as if after performing Laplace transform on it) as two separate
row vectors for numerator and denominator. Define the gain "k" as a variable. Then using the
MATLAB function “zpk”, convert the transfer function to zero pole gain format.

6. Define a symbolic variable 's' and then define Laplace transformed functions 'F1' and ‘F2’
using 's' for the following equations. After that, apply inverse Laplace transform to 'F1' and ‘F2’
using the MATLAB function “ilaplace”. Show all the equations in standard mathematical format
using the MATLAB function “pretty”.

7. Define symbolic variable 't’ and then define an inverse Laplace transform function 'f'. After
that, apply Laplace transform to 'f' using the MATLAB function “laplace”. Show all the
equations in standard mathematical format using the MATLAB function “pretty” and do further
simplification using the MATLAB function "simplify".
8. Define a transfer function (as if after performing Laplace transform on it) as two separate row
vectors for numerator and denominator. Then convert the transfer function to its equivalent state
space representation using the MATLAB function “tf2ss”.

Results:

Codes Results
num=[0 0 2 1] den=[6 10 20 num/den =
5]
printsys(num, den, 's') 2s+1
-------------------------
6 s^3 + 10 s^2 + 20 s + 5

>> num=[0 0 2 1]; num/den =

den=[6 10 20 5];
printsys(num, den, 's'); 2s+1
sys=tf(num, den) -------------------------
6 s^3 + 10 s^2 + 20 s + 5

sys =

2s+1
-------------------------
6 s^3 + 10 s^2 + 20 s + 5

Continuous-time transfer function.

>> num=[0 0 2 1];
den=[6 10 20 5];
printsys(num, den, 's');
sys=tf(num, den)
step(num,den)
num=[0 0 2 1]; den=[6 10 20 5]; r=
printsys(num, den, 's'); sys=tf(num,
den); step(num,den);
-0.0137 - 0.1026i
[r,p,k]=residue(num,den)
-0.0137 + 0.1026i
root=roots(r)
0.0275 + 0.0000i

p=

-0.6917 + 1.5694i
-0.6917 - 1.5694i
-0.2833 + 0.0000i

k=

[]
num=[0 0 2 1]; den=[6 10 20 5]; root =
printsys(num, den, 's'); sys=tf(num,
den); step(num,den);
1.0000 + 0.0000i
[r,p,k]=residue(num,den)
-0.0352 + 0.2629i
root=roots(r)
>>

num=[0 0 2 1]; den=[6 10 20 5]; system =

printsys(num, den, 's'); sys=tf(num,
den); step(num,den);
10 (s+2)
[r,p,k]=residue(num,den); root=roots(r); system =
zpk([-2], [-3 -1 -5], 10) -----------------
(s+3) (s+5) (s+1)

Continuous-time zero/pole/gain model.

num=[0 0 2 1]; den=[6 10 20 5]; system =

printsys(num, den, 's'); sys=tf(num,
den); step(num,den);
10 (s+2) (s+1)
[r,p,k]=residue(num,den); root=roots(r); system =
zpk([-2 -1], [-3 -1 -5], 10) -----------------
(s+3) (s+5) (s+1)

Continuous-time zero/pole/gain model.

num=[0 0 2 1]; den=[6 10 20 5];
printsys(num, den, 's');
sys=tf(num, den); step(num,den);
[r,p,k]=residue(num,den); root=roots(r);
system = zpk([-2 -1], [-3 -1 -5], 10) step(system)

num=[0 0 2 1]; den=[6 10 20 5]; system2 =

printsys(num, den, 's');
sys=tf(num, den); step(num,den);
[r,p,k]=residue(num,den); root=roots(r);
10 s^2 + 20 s + 30
system = zpk([-2 -1], [-3 -1 -5], 10) step(system) -----------------------
system2=tf([0 10 20 30], [1 9 23 15]) s^3 + 9 s^2 + 23 s +
15

Continuous-time transfer function.

num=[0 0 2 1]; den=[6 10 20 5];

printsys(num, den, 's');
sys=tf(num, den); step(num,den);
[r,p,k]=residue(num,den); root=roots(r);
system = zpk([-2 -1], [-3 -1 -5], 10) step(system)
system2=tf([0 10 20 30], [1 9 23 15]) step(system2) s=sym('s')
system3=(10*s^2+30*s+20/(s^3+9*s^2+23*s+15))

system3 =

30*s + 20/(s^3 + 9*s^2 + 23*s + 15) + 10*s^2

pretty(system3) system3 =

30*s + 20/(s^3 + 9*s^2 + 23*s + 15) + 10*s^2

20 2
30 s + --------------------- + 10 s
3 2
s + 9 s + 23 s + 15
ilaplace(system3) >>
ilaplace(system3)

ans =

(5*exp(-t))/2 -
5*exp(-3*t) +
(5*exp(-5*t))/2 +
30*dirac(1, t) +
10*dirac(2, t)

t=sym('t') f=2*exp(-t)-2*t*exp(-2*t) 2*exp(-t) -

laplace(t) 2*t*exp(-2*t)
pretty(laplace(t))

ans =

1/s^2

1
-- 2 s

>>

system1=tf([0 0 1], [2 20 10]) system1 =

1
----------------- 2 s^2
+ 20 s +
10

Continuous-time
transfer function.

[A,B,C,D]=tf2ss([0 0 1], [2 20 10]) A=

-10 -5
1 0

B=

1
0

= 0 0.5000
 D=

Discussion & Conclusion (Prokorso):

In this experiment, various types of mathematical problems were solved and different types of
operations such as partial fraction expansion, simplification, pole-zero determination, Laplace
transform, inverse Laplace transform, state-space model generation etc. and second order system
were performed easily by using MATLAB. In this experiment, every graphs and mathematical
problems were solved by our course teacher and we practiced it in the class with our teacher.
Usage of MATLAB was easily understood and various problems were performed, simulated and
observed successfully.

Discussion & Conclusion (Kawshik):

In this experiment we have seen how to find the transfer function, Laplace transformation, step
response in MATLAB. We saw the difference between the step response. We also saw the how
we get the step response by giving unit step function as an input. We saw how we can get
negative and positive feedback from a system. So, we followed the instructions given by our
course teacher and completed this experiment.

Discussion & Conclusion (Pallab):

In this lab, partial fraction expansion, simplification, pole-zero determination, Laplace transform,
inverse Laplace transform, state-space model generation etc. In conclusion, these will be used to
solve our complex problems.

Discussion & Conclusion (Naimur):

In this experiment, some particular mathematical problems and some Laplace operations,
regarding operations such as partial fraction expansion, pole-zero determination, Laplace
transform, inverse Laplace transform. software. We also did MATLAB’s work. In conclusion,
these will be used to solve our complex problems

Discussion & Conclusion (Abu Hasnat):

In this experiment, some particular mathematical problems were solved and some operations
were executed, regarding operations such as partial fraction expansion, simplification, pole-zero
determination, Laplace transform, inverse Laplace transform, state-space model generation etc.
Besides, the second order system was performed easily by MATLAB software. Further, in this
experiment All the mathematical problems and their following graphs were solved by our course
instructor along with all the present pupils.