U.S.
Army Research, Development and
Engineering Command
INTELLIGENT POWER MANAGEMENT
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (IPMDS)
April 2011
Outline
1.IPMDS Overview
2.Background
3.Automatic Load Balancing
4.IPMDS
5.Testing/Fielding Schedule
IPMDS Overview
Description
• IPMDS – Intelligent Power Management Distribution
System
• Man portable, ruggedized power distribution system
• Automatic load balancing
• Electrical hazard warnings
• Use with Tactical Quiet Generators (TQGs), 15kW –
100kW
• 208 V, 3 phase, Wye configured, 50/60 Hz
IPMDS Overview
Benefits
• Reduce burden on the warfighter during power grid
set up
• Increase power grid reliability
• Reduce injuries due to electrical hazards
• Near-term solution
• No increase in power distribution system footprint
Background
PDISE
PDISE (Power Distribution Illumination System, Electrical)
• Principal distribution system for the U.S. Army
• Fielded by Project Manager Mobile Electric Power (PM-MEP)
• M400, M200, M60, M40, M46 and Universal Adapter.
• Currently greater than 10,000 pieces of PDISE equipment are in the field.
M200 Feeder System
200 amp, 3-phase input 3-phase outputs
M100 Feeder System
100 amp, 3-phase input 3-phase outputs
M40
60 amp, 1-phase input 1-phase outputs
M46 M200, M100, M60, and M40
Dual Duplex Receptacles, No GFCI
PDISE
Example Main TOC
PDISE
Example Main TOC
M46
Branch
Circuit
Intelligent Power Management
Integrated Product Team (IPM IPT)
Mission: Identify path to provide improved, near-term power
distribution capabilities to soldiers.
Team: IPT consists of CERDEC, PM-MEP and CASCOM with
support from Power & Energy IPT as needed.
Field Survey:
2007
– IPM IPT interviewed units returning from Iraq and Afghanistan.
SBCT1 21st CSH 4th ID
SBCT2 4th Psy Ops III Corps
SBCT3 782 BSB 82nd Airborne
28th CSH 659 Eng. Equipment 35th Signal Brigade
−Created online questionnaire to receive input from
additional users.
IPM Team Findings
1. Lack of knowledge regarding power grid set-up; poor set-up
was primary cause of problems with power grids.
IPMDS makes power grid setup more user friendly.
2. Improper balance of loads across three phases of generator
sets was very prevalent.
IPMDS automatically balances the loads and allows for
maximum utilization of the distribution equipment.
3. Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) are insufficient to
cover power outages.
IPMDS can help avoid power outages due to circuit breaker
tripping from a single phase overload and certain
generator failures.
Automatic
Load Balancing
Automatic Load Balancing
• What is automatic load balancing?
– Autonomously ensures the load is shared equally across
all three phases.
– With IPMDS it is achieved through a controller and
switching devices inside the distribution box.
• Why is load balancing important?
– Circuit breaker trip avoidance
– Vibration
– Stator core heating
– Voltage imbalance
Current M40
A J13 J14 A
B J11
M40 J12 B
C J9 J10 C
20A, 1ϕ 20A, 1ϕ
Outputs A J7 J8 A Outputs
B J5 J6 B
C J3 J4 C
A A
40A, 3ϕ B J1 J2 B
40A, 3ϕ
Input C C Output
IPMDS 40
A J13
IPMDS J14 A
B J11 J12 B
C J9
40 J10 C
20A, 1ϕ 20A, 1ϕ
Outputs A J7 J8 A Outputs
B J5 J6 B
C J3 J4 C
A
40A, 3ϕ A 40A, 3ϕ
B J1 J2 B
Input C C
Output
IPMDS 40
J8 A
C
B
Improper Load Balance
Unbalanced
Load
J1 J8 A 20 Amps A - 60 Amps
B - 20 Amps
J13 J14
C - 40 Amps
J6 B 20 Amps
J11 J12 120 Amps
J9 J10
J7 M40 J8
J5 J6
J3 J4
Exceeds Phase A,
J4 C 10 Amps 40 amp current limit
J1 J2
Trip Breaker
A 40 Amps
J2 B 0 Amps
C 30 Amps
Automatic Load Balance
Balanced
Load
J1 J8 B 20 Amps A - 40 Amps
B - 40 Amps
J13 J14
C - 40 Amps
J11 J12 J6 B 20 Amps 120 Amps
J9 IPMDS J10
J7 J8
J5 40 J6 IPMDS switches J8
J3 J4
J4 C 10 Amps from phase A to B
J1 J2
and avoids circuit
breaker trip
A 40 Amps
J2 B System
0 Amps
C 30 Amps Operational
IPMDS Program
IPMDS Development
• IPMDS programs, managed by CERDEC and
funded by PM-MEP and OSD
– 200A
– 100A and 40A
• Focus on IPMDS 40
– Greater potential to improve the load balance
– Less weight penalty
IPMDS Program
Example Main TOC with PDISE
IPMDS Program
Example Main TOC with IPMDS
IPM 40 IPM 40
IPM 40
IPM 40
IPMDS 40 Key Requirements
1. No larger or heavier than the M40 (4.9 cu. ft. and
55 lbs)
2. Compatible with PDISE (MIL-STD connectors)
3. Ruggedized for harsh environmental conditions
– Operating: -50 to 135 F
– Solar loading, sand/dust, rain, humidity, salt fog
4. Automatic load balancing
5. Switching time between phases < 18 ms
IPMDS 40 Key Requirements cont.
6. Provide a warning:
– Voltage is out of safe operating range
– Frequency is out of safe operating range
– Input phase is missing
7. De-energize outputs:
– Input phases are out of sequence
– Break in ground conductor
8. Battleshort
9. Electronics bypass
IPMDS Benefits
Availability of Power
−Reduce time to establish effective power grid.
−Decrease circuit breaker trips.
−Decrease wear on generators.
•Reduce vibration
•Avoid additional heating of the stator core
→Maintain mission readiness.
IPMDS Benefits cont.
Increased Safety of Power Grid
−Warn user of improper setup
−De-energize outputs in case of electrical hazard
→Reduce injury due to electrical hazards.
Near-term solution.
→Increase capabilities sooner.
Schedule
IPMDS Schedule
FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
Development
Technology
IPMDS
200A Proof of
Concept
Engineering & Manufacturing
IPMDS 100A & 40A
Development
Test & Evaluation
Potential
Production & Deployment
Procurement
(PM-MEP)
27
Questions
Jennifer Whitmore
[email protected]
703-704-1848
