10

Electronics
Quarter 3 – Module 3:
Radio Receiver Circuit

DIVISION OF ANGELES CITY

Electronics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Radio Receiver Circuit
First Edition, 2021

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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
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ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Regional Director : May B. Eclar PhD, CESO V
OIC Asst. Regional Director : Rhoda T. Razon EdD, CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Arnel C. Perez, Ferdinand J. Soriano, Mark Albert T. Pineda

Editors: Marjorie D. Lacson, Nerissa N. Valdez, Eliza M. Roque
Reviewers: Gemima A. Estrabillo, Emily F. Sarmiento, Hermes P. Vargas,
Noel S. Reganit, Adrian P. Tamayo, Krislene Ida N. Mercado,
Jonathan Carrasco, Billy Ray B. Manuel, Marvin R. Leano,
Gemmarie G. Rivas
Illustrator: Lady Diane M. Bonifacio
Layout Artist: Lithos F. Sto. Domingo
Management Team: May B. Eclar PhD, CESO V
Rhoda T. Razon EdD, CESO V
Ma. Irelyn P. Tamayo PhD, CESE
Fernandina P. Otchengco PhD, CESE
Librada M. Rubio PhD
Ma. Editha R. Caparas EdD
Emily F. Sarmiento, PhD
Gemima A. Estrabillo, PhD
Rochella C. David

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region III – Schools Division of Angeles City

Office Address: Jesus St., Pulungbulu, Angeles City

Telephone: (045) 322-5722; 322-4702 888-0582; 887-6099
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 10

Electronics
Quarter 3 – Module 3:
Radio Receiver Circuit
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand
each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and
tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the Radio Receiver Circuit. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module will cover :

● Lesson 1 –Radio Receiver Circuit

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Describe the uses and characteristics of fundamental receiver sensor circuits
● Tuner
● Audio detector
● Audio amplifier
● Reproducer

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 What I Know

Directions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the function of a detector circuit?

a. rectifies the input signal
b. provides audio signal
c. discards the carrier
d. all of these

2. At what stage should a Superheterodyne principle provide selectivity?

a. IF stage
b. RF stage
c. Audio Stage
d. Demodulating Stage

3. How can the selectivity of a receiver be improved?

a. Adding more gain
b. Using a loudspeaker
c. Using more tuned circuits
d. Using fewer tuned circuits

4. What is the process of recovering the information signal from the received
carrier?
a. Fidelity
b. Selectivity
c. Sensitivity
d. Demodulation

5. Which is NOT a part of the radio receiver circuit?

a. detector
b. locator
c. RF amplifier
d. tuner

6. What is the correct function of an antenna in a radio transmitter?

a. It increases the power of the wave.
b. It converts the amplified signal to radio waves.
c. It provides an electrical signal to operate the transmitter.
d. It creates the alternating current, a carrier wave, that the transmitter
sends through the antenna.

7. Which describes a tuner in a radio receiver?

a. A length of wire that captures radio waves.
b. Responsible for separating the audio information from the carrier wave
c. It amplifies the weak signal that comes from the detector.
d. A circuit that can extract signals of a particular frequency from a mix of
signals of different frequencies
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8. What parameter enables a receiver to detect the weakest possible signal level?
a. fidelity
b. selectivity
c. sensitivity
d. both a and b

9. What radio component amplifies a weak signal from a detector using a simple
transistor amplifier circuit?
a. antenna
b. audio amplifier
c. oscillator
d. power supply

10. What is the correct order of the components of a radio receiver?

a. Antenna, RF amplifier, Tuner, Detector, Audio amplifier, Speaker
b. Speaker, Antenna, RF amplifier, Tuner, Detector, Audio amplifier
c. Tuner, Speaker, Antenna, RF amplifier, Detector, Audio amplifier
d. Audio amplifier, Speaker, Antenna, RF amplifier, Tuner, Detector

3
 Lesson

1 Radio Receiver Circuit

Radio wave has the most wavelengths among the members of the
Electromagnetic Spectrum and one of the most studied members of the Spectrum
in the 19th century. The early studies conducted by scientist Heinrich Hertz
contributed to the nature of radio waves.

In the previous module, you have learned the differences between Amplitude
Modulation and Frequency Modulation and how they are transmitted and received.

Way back in the golden era of radio, most Filipinos were delighted by the
information and entertainment they experienced from listening to the radio. Hence,
radio became a part of their everyday lives. Radio communication has two vital
elements, namely: a radio transmitter and a radio receiver. The two parts transmit
and receive radio signals. In this lesson, you will learn the components and uses of
the radio receiver and transmitter.

What’s In

The previous modules 1 and 2 of Quarter 3 deal with the differences of

amplitude modulation and frequency modulation and the principles of
transmission and reception of radar and laser. Do you still remember the difference
of AM and FM? The transmitter in an AM and FM radio station? How about LASER
and RADAR? Below are activities to recall your insights of the past lesson.

Figure1. AM and FM modulated waves

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 1. Based on the illustration above, how do you compare the modulated waves of
AM and FM?
2. Compare AM and FM in terms of the frequency range, bandwidth, and noise.
3. What is the acronym of RADAR and LASER?

Figure 2. Radio Transmitter Diagram

Choose from the figure above the component that best describes the statement.

1. It provides an electrical signal to operate the transmitter.

2. It increases the power of the wave.
3. It converts the amplified signal to radio waves.
4. It adds information to the carrier wave. In the case of FM (frequency
modulation), the modulator either slightly increases or decreases the
frequency of the carrier wave.
5. It creates the alternating current, a carrier wave, that the transmitter
sends through the antenna.
If you did it right, then time to go on to the next part. This time on Radio receiver

What’s New

The role of the radio receiver is the opposite of what a transmitter can do in
radio communication. The radio receiver is an electronic device that receives and
converts the desired radio waves back to audio or visual information. The receiver’s
antenna detects and captures radio waves. The radio receiver can select the
information required from the radio signals. The illustration below shows the
components of a radio receiver.

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Activity 1: The Receiver
Let’s find out:
What are the characteristics and components of a radio receiver?
Let’s use these materials:
Ballpen, paper
Let’s do it this way:
1. Look at the illustration of the radio receiver below.
2. Use the components on radio receiver diagram in figure 3 to match its
functions on the right side of the table. (Match the radio receiver diagram
components found in figure 3 to their functions on the right side of the table.)
3. Write your answer on another sheet of paper.

Figure 3. Basic AM Radio Receiver Diagram

Component Function
1. It is a circuit that can extract signals of a particular
frequency from a mix of signals of different frequencies.
2. It is a length of wire that captures radio waves.

3. It is responsible for separating the audio information from

the carrier wave.
4. It amplifies the weak signal that comes from the detector.
5. It is a sensitive amplifier that amplifies the very weak radio
frequency signal from the antenna so that the tuner can
process the signal.

I hope you did it right!

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 What is It

A radio receiver is the opposite of a radio transmitter. It uses the following

components:

Antenna: It is a piece or length of wire. It captures radio waves. When exposed to

radio waves, the wave induces a minimal alternating current in the antenna.

RF amplifier: It is a sensitive amplifier that amplifies the very weak radio

frequency (RF) signal from the antenna to be processed by the tuner.

Tuner: It extracts signals of a particular frequency from different frequencies. The

antenna captures radio waves of all the frequencies and sends them to the radio
frequency (RF) amplifier, which amplifies them all.

Detector: It is for the audio information to be separated from the carrier wave. A
rectifying diode rectifies the alternating current signal in the AM signals. A direct
current signal that feeds to an audio amplifier circuit is what remains on the
alternating current once passed into a rectifying diode. The detector circuit is a bit
more complicated for FM signals.

Audio amplifier: The weak signal that comes from the detector is amplified by this
component using a simple transistor amplifier circuit.

Figure 4. Basic AM Radio Receiver Diagram

There are numerous variations in the design of basic radio receivers. Some
receivers include extra filtering and tuning circuits to better lock on to the intended
frequency or to produce better-quality audio output and exclude other signals. In
most receiver circuits, these basic elements are found.

Despite the many designs of the radio receiver circuit, they share common
but important features. These are sensitivity, selectivity, and fidelity. Selectivity
measures a radio receiver's performance to respond only to the radio signal tune in
(such as a radio station) and to reject other signals nearby, such as another
broadcast on an adjacent channel. Receiver Sensitivity identifies and amplifies
signals at the input of the receiver. It tells us the weakest signal that a receiver will

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be able to identify and process. The fidelity of a receiver is the ability to accurately
reproduce, in its output, the signal that appears at its input. The wider the band
passed by the frequency selection circuit, the greater is the fidelity.

There are different types of a radio receiver, but the features and principles
of operations are classified into two, namely: the tuned radio frequency receiver
or (TRF) and the Supersonic heterodyne radio receiver

Tuned radio frequency (TRF): This was the first radio receiver used. It consists of
a tuned circuit and a detector. Tune radio frequency was used in the early years of
wireless technology. The Tune Radio Frequency receiver consists of three main
sections: Tune radio frequency stages, a signal detector, and an audio amplifier.

Tuned radio frequency stages: These consist of one or more amplifying and
tuning stages. Early sets often had several stages, each proving some gain and
selectivity.

Signal detector: The detector enables the audio from the amplitude modulation
signal to be extracted. It uses a diode to rectify a signal.

Audio amplifier: This is where the audio signal amplifies.

Figure 5. Tuned radio frequency receiver (TRF) block diagram

The TRF receiver gained popularity in 1920’s; however, the tuning took a
little while for each stage in the early radios requires separate adjustment. Later
superheterodyne receiver gained more popularity.

Figure 5 shows an example of a tuned circuit. Here the antenna captures

radio waves, and these waves pass through a series of RF amplifiers. The RF
amplifier is composed of a resonant circuit, a combination of an inductor and a
capacitor. The resonant circuit is also known as a tuned circuit. Through the
process of ganged tuning, all RF amplifiers tuned to signal a single frequency.

8
 Tuning changes the frequency through mechanical or electrical means.
Adding one more tuned circuit allows the selection of one station at a time.
Increasing one or more turned circuits will increase the selectivity of the radio
receiver. Tuned amplification includes increased sensitivity and increased
selectivity.

The detector reconstructs the information carried by the radio waves. The
process of extracting the original information from the carrier wave is called
demodulation. A diode, a capacitor, and a resistor make up the detector circuit. It
removes high-frequency components. The AM demodulation has two stages. First
is the rectification of the amplifier by a diode. Second, the capacitor smooths out
the amplitude of the rectified signal. The audio signal is the result of the two stages
that will be sent to the audio amplifier to further amplify in the audio frequency
amplifier (AF).

The signal is further amplified in an audio frequency (AF) amplifier after

detection. The AF amplifier amplifies the weak signal drives, the signal to the
loudspeaker or an output device. The signal is increased high enough to drive loads
of devices. A speaker is used to hear the audio signal in the form of sound.

TRF receivers are easier to design. It has high sensitivity allowing broadcast
frequency from 535 kHz to 1705 kHz. Problems of TRF receivers include difficulty
in designing at very high frequency, poor audio quality, instability, and poor
selectivity.

2. Supersonic heterodyne wireless receiver

It was developed to provide an additional level of selectivity. This uses a

heterodyne or mixing process to convert signals done to a fixed intermediate
frequency.

Tuning of this radio is through the effective changing of the local oscillator.
Broadcast radio receivers, televisions, short wave receivers, and commercial radios
have used the superheterodyne principle as the basis of their operation. It was one
of the most successful forms of radio being used almost exclusively as the RF
circuit design. It was Invented in 1918 and overcoming the selectivity issue making
it popular for nearly 100 years.

The superheterodyne was used in every form of radio from domestic

broadcast radios to walkie talkies, television sets, through to hi-fi tuners, and
professional communications radios, satellite base stations, and much more.

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 Figure 5. Superheterodyne Receiver System Diagram

The figure above shows the diagram of a superheterodyne receiver. The

receiving antenna captures and transforms radio waves to an intermediate
frequency (IF). Through an RF amplifier, the IF signal transmits. The RF amplifier
amplifies the signal and sends it to the mixer. Ganged tuning is used to tune
amplifiers that will tune a single IF. There is a local oscillator that provides a signal
to mix with signals coming from the antenna. The mixer is the circuit that
generates an output signal which contains the sum and difference of the frequency
of the two inputs. The only signal of interest is the difference frequency or the IF.
All frequencies or signals received must be converted into IF. The conversion
process is called mixing or heterodyning. The mixer's output signal, which is equal
to or very near to the IF, reaches the detector. The detector reconstructs the
information brought by the IF signal. Some frequencies are rejected, due to the
selectivity in the IF amplifier. AM broadcast band has the standard IF is 455 kHz.
FM broadcast and television broadcast bands have standard IFs of 10.7 MHz and
44 MHz, respectively. The output from the detector may need amplification. A
speaker is required to listen to the speech or music carried by the signals.

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 What’s More

In the previous activity, you experienced identifying the characteristics and

the components of a radio transmitter and a receiver. The next activity will help you
determine your knowledge about the Tuned Radio Frequency Receiver components
and the Supersonic Heterodyne wireless receiver.

Activity 1.
Let’s use these materials:
ball pen and paper
Let’s do it this way:
1. Study the illustration of a radio receiver block diagram below.
2. Given the functions in the second column of the table, identify the
components in the first column.

Basic AM Radio receiver block diagram

Component Function
1. It is a circuit that can extract signals of a particular frequency from a
mix of signals of different frequencies
2. It is a length of wire that captures radio waves.

3. It is responsible for separating the audio information from the carrier

wave.
4. It amplifies the weak signal that comes from the detector.
5. It is a sensitive amplifier that amplifies the very weak radio frequency
signal from the antenna so that the tuner can process the signal.

Guide Questions:
1. What will happen if an antenna is not a part of the radio receiver circuit?
2. What is the effect of the RF amplifier if it is not a part of the circuit?
3. What do you think is the most important part of the radio receiver circuit?
Explain your answer.

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The rubric for scoring your answer is provided below.

5 point 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point

Answer is Answer is Answer is Answer is correct Answer is

correct and correct and correct and but there is no completely
the support support there is some support, OR the incorrect, and
is fully needs support answer is no support is
developed continuity incorrect but provided
there is some
correct support

Assessment 1:
Identify whether the statement is correct or incorrect. Write YES if it is correct. If
the statement is incorrect, change the highlighted word to make it correct.
1. Audio amplifier amplifies the weak signal that comes from the RF
amplifier so that it can be heard.
2. A detector captures radio waves in space.
3. A tuner extracts signals of a particular frequency from a mix signal of
different frequencies
4. A radio receiver is opposite of a transmitter.
5. A music or speech can be heard on the speaker

Activity 2.
Let’s use these materials:
ball pen and paper
Let’s do it this way:
1. Study the block diagram of the Tuned Radio Frequency Receiver below.
2. Make a step a by step discussion on how tuned radio frequency works.

Guide Questions:
1. How does the detector affect the whole function of the tuned radio frequency
receiver circuit?
2. Why does the tuned circuit be amplified?
3. What made the tuned radio frequency receiver circuit different from the simple
radio receiver circuit?
The rubric for scoring your answers is similar with the rubric in activity 1.

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Assessment 2:
Truth or Lie. Write Truth if the statement about the Tuned Radio Frequency and
superheterodyne receiver is correct and Lie if it is incorrect.
1. In a TRF receiver, the antenna amplifies the radio signal.
2. The tuned radio frequency stages consisted of one or more amplifying and
tuning stages.
3. Increasing one or more turned circuits will increase the selectivity of the radio
receiver.
4. Difficulty in designing at very high frequency, poor audio quality, instability,
and poor selectivity are the problems in TRF receivers.
5. The audio amplifier enables the audio from the amplitude modulation signal to
be extracted.
6. Through the process of ganged tuning, tuned amplifiers are tuned to a single
frequency (IF).
7. Tuning of the superheterodyne receiver is through the changing of the local
oscillator.
8. A supersonic heterodyne wireless receiver was developed to provide an
additional level of fidelity.
9. The IF signals are transmitted through an RF amplifier, and the RF amplifier
amplifies the signal and sends it to the mixer.
10. An audio amplifier amplifies the video signal.

What I Have Learned

Let us summarize your insights by doing this activity.

Compare and contrast the Tuned Radio Frequency receiver from
Supersonic heterodyne wireless receiver by enumerating their similarities and
differences.

Tuned Radio Frequency receiver Superheterodyne receiver

Similarities
Differences
Advantage/s
Disadvantage/s

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 What I Can Do

Below is a circuit of the Superheterodyne receiver. Using your knowledge of

basic electronics in Quarter 1, identify the parts and state their function. Write
your answer in the table below.

Illustration owned by zpostbox.ru

Electronic component Function

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 Assessment

Directions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which describes a tuner in a radio receiver?

a. It is the length of wire that captures radio waves.
b. It is responsible for separating the audio information from the carrier
wave.
c. It amplifies the weak signal that comes from the detector so that it can be
heard.
d. It is a circuit that can extract signals of a particular frequency from a mix
of signals of different frequencies.

2. What is the function of a detector circuit?

a. provides audio signal
b. rectifies the input signal
c. discards the carrier
d. all of these

3. Which is NOT a part of the radio receiver block diagram?

a. capacitor
b. detector
c. RF amplifier
d. tuner

4. Which is NOT a part of the tuned radio frequency receiver?

a. audio amplifier
b. detector
c. oscillator
d. RF amplifier and tuning

5. Where should the output of the demodulator be fed?

a. AF amplifier
b. local oscillator
c. power amplifier
d. RF amplifier

6. What is the function of radio receiver?

a. to produce radio waves
b. to modulate a message signal
c. to convert one form of energy into other
d. to detect and amplify information signal from the carrier

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7. Which circuit is used to reconstruct radio signals into information?
a. A detector
b. An antenna
c. A modulator
d. An oscillator

8. What is the correct order of the components in a radio receiver?

a. Antenna, RF amplifier, Tuner, Detector, Audio amplifier, Speaker
b. Speaker, Antenna, RF amplifier, Tuner, Detector, Audio amplifier
c. Tuner, Speaker, Antenna, RF amplifier, Detector, Audio amplifier
d. Audio amplifier, Speaker, Antenna, RF amplifier, Tuner, Detector

9. Which is the correct order of the components in a radio transmitter?

a. Power supply, oscillator, modulator, amplifier, antenna
b. Amplifier, antenna, Power supply, oscillator, modulator
c. Power supply, oscillator, modulator, antenna, amplifier
d. Oscillator, modulator, antenna, amplifier, Power supply

10. How can you improve selectivity of a receiver?

a. By adding more gain
b. By using a loudspeaker
c. By using more tuned circuits
d. By using fewer tuned circuits

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 Additional Activities

Using the given clues, fill in the crossword puzzle with the correct words.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

ACROSS DOWN
1. Changing frequency through 2. Extracting original information
mechanical or electrical means from carrier wave
4. Provide speech or music as output 3. Extract signal from mixture of
6. Captures radio waves frequencies
9. Short for superheterodyne receiver 5. Unit of FM frequency

Generated from Puzzle Maker

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 18
What I Know What’s In What's More
1.B 1. Power supply Activity 1
2.B 2. Amplifier 1.Tuner
3.C 3. Antenna 2.Antenna
4. D 4. Modulator 3. Detetor
5. B 5. Oscillator 4. Audio Amplifier
6. B 5. RF Amplifier
7. D
8. C Assessment 1
9. B 1. Detector
10. A 2. Antenna
3. YES
4. YES
5. YES
What's More What I Can Do
Assessment 2
1. Lie Antenna – It is a length of wire that captures radio waves
2. Truth
3. Truth RF Amplifier – It is a sensitive amplifier that amplifies the very
4. Truth weak radio frequency signal from the antenna
5. Lie so that the signal can be processed by the
6. Truth tuner.
7. Truth
8. Lie Tuner – It is a circuit that can extract signals of a particular
9. Truth frequency from a mix of signals of different
10. Lie frequencies.
Detector – It is responsible for separating the audio
information from the carrier wave.
Audio Amplifier – It amplifies the weak signal that comes from
the detector.
Assessment Additional Activities
1. D Across
2. A 1. Tuning
3. A 4. Speaker
4. B 6. Antenna
5. A 9. Superhet
6. D Down
7. A 2. Demodulation
8. A 3. Tuner
9. A 5 .Megahertz
10. C 7. Mixing
8. Receiver
Answer Key
References

“What is a Radio Transmitter?”. Accessed Dec. 30,2020. https://www.progressive-

concepts.com/blog/What-is-a-Radio-Transmitter_AE6.html
Lowe, Doug. n.d. “Radio Electronics: Transmitters and Receivers.” Dummies: A
Wiley Brand. Accessed December 29, 2020. http://bit.ly/39iPvS1
“Superheterodyne Receiver Block Diagram”. Accessed Dec 30,
2020.https://www.electronics-notes.com/articles/radio/superheterodyne-
receiver/block-diagram.php
“5 Different Timer Circuit”. Accessed Jan. 6, 2021. https://www.elprocus.com/5-
different-timer-circuits/

19
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III- Schools Division of Angeles City

Jesus St., Pulungbulu, Angeles City, Pampanga, Philippines 2009

Telefax: (045) 322-5722; 322-4702; 888-0582; 887-6099

Email Address: [email protected]