LESSON INTRODUCTION TO

1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
Grade 11, First Semester, Q1- Wk 1

What I Need to Know?

As you embark the first level of Senior High School, you will find
effective communication to others is indispensable. Needless to say, every
student, like you, needs to understand deeper the nature, functions, and
process of communication for them to bring their across to his/her listeners.

What I Know?

Directions: Fill-out the KWL Chart below with the necessary answers about
„COMMUNICATION‟. At this point, you only need to answer the
first two columns.

What I KNOW What I WANT to know What I LEARNED

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

6. 6.

7. 7.

8. 8.

1|Page
 What’s In

As Senior High School students, you are expected to acquire the

competence in communication skill. As such, you need to take a close look
at the basics of communication-- for mastering the craft in effective
communication begins with understanding the basics, which will equip you
with a strong foundation. This foundation will be employed to hone your
skills for you to become more effective performers in communication.
Hence, it is imperative that you should familiarize yourselves with the
fundamental elements of communication.

What’s New

Communication as defined by McCornack (2014) is a process of

sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to
another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures. It can
be manifested in a wide variety of contexts--- face-to-face interaction, a
phone conversation, a group discussion, a meeting or interview, a letter
correspondence, a class recitation, and many others.

What is It

Take a look at the picture below.

The picture above depicts how each individual communicates at

different levels, at different forms. Communication is broadly defined as the
imparting and exchanging of information or news (Retrieved from
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/communication on October
31, 2018).

2|Page
 What’s More

TASK: Make “Flipped Cards” using recyclable materials found in your

home.

Things to do: Folding stories with the use of Flipped Cards:

1. In this activity, one learner composes a sentence or two on a piece
of homemade card and then fold the card so that only the last
word or phrase can be seen.
2. The next student continues the story for few sentences before
hiding all but the last word or phrase can be seen… and then
passing the paper on...until the story is finished.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Using the KWL Chart, answer the last column only.
What I KNOW What I WANT to know What I LEARNED
1. 1. 1.

2. 2. 2.

3. 3. 3.

4. 4. 4.

5. 5. 5.

6. 6. 6.

7. 7. 7.

8. 8. 8.

3|Page
 What I Can Do

To continue doing with the “Flipped Cards,” (while observing social

distancing), set up a randomized list of your neighbor---classmates. The
first student sends his involvement and then, sends the last phrase to the
next name on the list. Compile all the contributions to create a single story
reflecting their experience and struggles on the New Normal Oral
Communication. Once everyone has contributed, share the whole story
with the family.

Allow your neighbor-classmate or any member of the family who is qualified

to rate you based on the rubrics below:

4|Page
 FUNCTIONS, NATURE
LESSON
AND PROCESS OF
COMMUNICATION
Grade 11, First Semester, Q1—Wk

What I need to Know?

As a student, you surely wonder why different people have different

means of communication. In this lesson, you will be able to identify the
nature of communication, its processes, and its function.

What I Know?

Activity: Complete the sentences in the box by writing your own idea on
the Nature, Processes, & Functions of COMMUNICATION.

Communication is

.
Communication functions as

.
The communication process is

What’s In

Knowing the basics of communication will equip you with a strong

foundation, which you can use to hone your communication skills
effectively. Hence, it is imperative for you to familiarize with the
fundamental elements of communication. As stressed by

5|Page
McCornack(2014), communication is a process of sharing and conveying
messages or information from one person to another within and across
channels, contexts, media, and cultures .

What’s New

Five Functions of Communication:

1. Control – Communication functions to control behavior.

2. Social Interaction – Communication allows individuals to interact
with others.
3. Motivation – Communication motivates or encourages people to
live better.
4. Emotional expression – Communication facilitates people’s
expression of their feelings and emotions.
5. Information dissemination – Communication functions to convey
information.

Nature of Communication:

1. Communication is a process.
2. Communication occurs between two or more people (the speaker
and the receiver).
3. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken
words, actions (nonverbal), or both spoken words and nonverbal
actions at the same time.

Process of Communication

The communication process consists of several components:

A sender is the party that sends a message.

A channel of communication must also be selected, which is the

manner in which the message is sent. Channels of communication
include speaking, writing, video transmission, audio transmission,
electronic transmission through emails, text messages and faxes and
even nonverbal communication, such as body language.

The party that is considered the target of communication is called

the receiver.

6|Page
 The receiver must be able to decode the message, which means
mentally processing the message into understanding. If you can't
decode, the message fails.
Sometimes, a receiver will give the sender feedback, which is a
message sent by the receiver back to the sender.

What is It

TASK: Identify the function of communication in each of the following

situations. Write your answers on the space provided.

1. The teacher reads and discusses classroom policies to

her students.
2. Ross greets Rachel; then, they start talking about their
plans for the holidays.
3. Phoebe shares her insights on how to live peacefully
despite a complicated life.
4. Monica shares her personal frustrations with Chandler.
5. The geometry teacher lectures about mathematical
concepts.
6. Sheila delivers her valedictory speech.
7. The President delivers his last State of the Natio
Address.
8. A television personality thanks the supportive
moviegoers during an interview.
9. The city mayor presents her strategies to execute the
plans in a public forum.
10. A tourist guide orients a group of tourists about a
heritage site

7|Page
 What’s More

Directions: Fill-in the box in the diagram with the appropriate word/term that
traces the process of communication.

2.

5.
1. 3.
4.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Complete the sentences in the box using your own

words

There is communication if

.
Communication can serve as

.
Basically, communication can be described as

8|Page
 What I Can Do

TASK: Write “Dialogue Journals” in relation to the process of

communication. Start this off by writing a first short entry of your
opinion on Advantages and Disadvantages on New Normal
Learning (the Modular modality of Learning)

Things to do: A journal in which a teacher and student write back and forth
to each other as a form of an ongoing communication-- to build
better relationship with each student. Use the rubrics below as your
guide.

9|Page
LESSON MODELS OF

Grade 11, First Semester, Q1, Wk

What I need to know?

Have you encountered a person who is a “head-turner,” and

who always gets the attention of many by the time he speaks? That person
may have known the many ways in speaking. In this lesson, you will be
exposed to the various models of communication.

What I Know?

Suppose you are to make your own model of communication, how

will it be?
Directions: Make your own Flow Chart of Communication using
boxes and arrows. Position the words from the oval to the
appropriate box of your flow chart.

a source (producer of message); a transmitter (encoder of message

into signals); a channel (signals adapted for transmission); a receiver
(decoder of message from the signal); and a destination.

Example:
Source transmitter

Receiver
Have your flow chart in the box below

10 | P a g e
 What’s In

Our previous lesson tells us that Communication is a process

which occurs between two or more people. It can be expressed through
written or spoken words, actions (nonverbal), or both spoken words and
nonverbal actions at the same time.
The process of communication has several components:
a sender, a channel, a receiver, decoding, and feedbacking. These
components interplay in coming up with models of communication.

What’s New

MODELS OF COMMUNICATION

1. Shannon-Weaver Model

Known as the mother of all communication models, the

Shannon-Weaver model (1949) depicts communication as a linear or
one-way process consisting of five elements: a source (producer of
message); a transmitter (encoder of message into signals); a channel
(signals adapted for transmission); a receiver (decoder of message
from the signal); and a destination. This model, however, has been
criticized for missing one essential element in the communication
process: feedback. Without feedback, the speaker will not know
whether the receiver understands the message or not.

11 | P a g e
 2. Transaction Model

Transaction Model is a two-way process with the inclusion of

feedback as one element.

As shown in Figure 2, this model is more interactive. There is a

collaborative exchange of messages between communicators with the aim
of understanding each other. It also shows that a barrier, such as noise,
may interfere with the flow of communication.

What is It

TASK: Illustrate the five elements of the linear or one-way communication

process according to Shannon-Weaver Model in the boxes inside
the big box.

Source Transmitter Channel

Destination Destination

Basic Elements of the Communication Process

12 | P a g e
 What’s More

TASK: Match the example inside the box to the appropriate process
of communication as shown in the statements at the right side
in bullet forms.

• The speaker encodes

an idea or converts the
idea into words or
actions.
• The speaker generates
an idea.
• The receiver gets the
message.
• The speaker transmits
or sends out a
message.
• The receiver sends or
provides feedback.
• The receiver decodes or
interprets the message
based on the context.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Illustrate one (1) Model of Communication using your own

Flow Chart of Communication stressing the use of boxes
and arrows to depict the process of communication.

13 | P a g e
 What I Can Do

Knowing the two (2) Models of communication, sketch a group of five

(5) persons having a conversation. Show the interplay of the components
of communication.

LESSON STRATEGIES TO
AVOID COMMUNICATION
BREAKDOWN
Grade 11, First Semester, Q1- Wk

What I need to know?

In talking to somebody, there are a lot of considerations that

you should take note in order to come up with a healthy and effective
communication with others. In this lesson, you will be exposed to various
communication strategies which can be used efficiently and effectively to
avoid communication breakdowns.

What I Know?

There are instances when miscommunication and

misunderstanding occur because of certain barriers. List down in the table
your experiences where there were communication failures.

Setting / Situation Barrier Consequence

Example:
- In the family Noisy environment You could be shouting
while watching already because your
television, you sibling cannot hear
are talking with you.
your sibling

14 | P a g e
 What’s In

There are several components in communication. These involve:

sender, channel, receiver, decoding, and feedbacking. Such
components should work in harmonious relationship so that the process of
communication can flow harmoniously and understanding of the message
can be totally transmitted and successfully received. As a Senior High
School Student, you are expected to know and apply some strategies in
communication to avoid misconceptions and breakdowns of the message.

What’s New

There are instances when miscommunication and misunderstanding

occur because of certain barriers. To become an effective communicator,
you should recognize these barriers that hinder the communication
process. This will enable you to control the situation, reset conditions, and
start anew.

You need to simplify terms which are used in the discussion of some
barriers and breakdown in communication.

JARGON BARRIER BREAKDOWN

PHYSICAL RESTRICTIONS LAYMAN’S TERM

HINDER MISCONCEPTIONS SELF-CONFIDENCE

15 | P a g e
 What is It

The table below presents some barriers to effective communication

with corresponding solutions.

Note that these are only some of the barriers; many others may arise
out of context, language, physical restrictions, and the like.

Source: ???

16 | P a g e
 What’s More

TASK: List down the barriers of communication between you and another
family member at home.

BARRIERS OF
COMMUNICATION

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

SENDER (you) RECEIVER

(another family member)

What I Have Learned

There are many barriers of communication which you may encounter

everyday. Many may experience out of context, language, physical
restrictions, and the like. List down the barriers, examples, and solutions to
your experience in the table below

Barrier Example Solution

1. 1. 1.

2. 2. 2.

3. 3. 3.

4. 4. 4.

5. 5. 5.

17 | P a g e
 What I Can Do

In a journal, narrate an incident in your life which you think is

embarrassing due to failure of communication. You may share it to your
family members during a family gathering.

In a separate page of your journal, narrate an incident in your life

which you consider the most unforgettable experience due to successful
communication. You may share it to your family members during a family
gathering.

18 | P a g e
 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region I
Schools Division Office I Pangasinan
POLONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bugallon

ACTIVITY SHEETS IN ORAL COMMUNICATION

GRADE 11
QUARTER 1, WEEK 1

Name: Date:
Grade/Section: Score:

Title of the Activity: Fact or Fake

Most Essential Learning Competency: The learner is able to explain the functions,
nature, and process of communication.
K to 12 BEC CG: EN11/12OC-Ia-2

Directions: Determine whether the following statement is correct or

incorrect. If the statement is correct, write FACT on the line provided. If
it states the otherwise, write FAKE.

1. Communication is derived from a Latin word that means “to

share.”
2. Communication involves symbols and gestures.
3. Communication is a one-way street.
4. Communication is exclusive between two people.
5. A person must improve his communication skills to attain his
highest potentials.
6. Silence cannot be used as a form of language.
7. Theodore Clavenger outlined the elements used to
distinguish communication.
8. Jargon refers to words and phrases that are peculiar to a
particular discipline.
9. Communication is one of the human beings’ basic needs
nowadays.
10. Communicators consider stimuli and responses as essential
in the communication process.
11. Source involves the party who sends a message.
12. Channel flows through a signal.
13. Noise helps in understanding the intended message of the
source.

19 | P a g e
 14. Destination refers to the person who receives the message in
communication
15. The receiver of a message is also a communicator.
16. Wilbur Schramm showed the importance of intrapersonal
communication in his model.
17. Shannon authored the Propaganda Techniques in the World
War.
18. Harold Lasswell is best known for his quote, “Who says what
in which channel to whom with what effects?”
19. Schramm provided a key to understanding communication.
20. Shannon’s 1948 model of communication process heralded
the beginning of them Modern Communication Theory.

Source: Santos Jr., B., Brul, R., & Reyes, D. L. (2016). Basic principles and
practices of effective oral communication. The Inteligente Publishing,
Inc. (p. 36)

ACTIVITY SHEETS IN ORAL COMMUNICATION

GRADE 11
QUARTER 1, WEEK 1

Name: Date:
Grade/Section: Score:

Title of the Activity: The Best above the Rest

Most Essential Learning Competency: The learner is able to use various

strategies in order to overcome communication breakdown.

K to 12 BEC CG: EN11/12OC-Ia-6

Directions: Choose the best answer in each item. Write the CAPITAL
letter of the correct response on the line provided.

1. Poor communication could render a breakdown in .

A. communication B. relationships C. understanding
2. Clarity in communication means the sender must use such a language
that is easy to .
A. communicate B. manipulate C. understand
3. Inconsistent and incomplete messages would create .
A. commission B. confusion C. contusion
4. The principle of integration in communication means assimilating, adding,
or combining common objectives where the key to moving forward is
.
20 | P a g e
 A. conflict
B. consensus
C. consequence
5. Some of communication network comes in the form of gadgets, phones,
mails, and computers, among the other means, or network that could
mean family or social .
A. media B. routes C. studies
6. Attention as a principle of communication will point to the sincerity,
courtesy, responsiveness, and devotion of the receiver to the message
communicated by the .
A. party B. sender C. singer
7. In assessing communication policy, it is right to question if the policy is
consistent with the moral, legal, and ethical standards of the social
.
A. environment B. party C. politics
8. Communication is the soul of governmental regulation, control, and
.
A. collaboration
B. communication
C. coordination
9. Communication is the most basic tool for social .
A. interaction B. international C. intramural
10. Communication democratizes information, thereby people are
.
A. employed B. empowered C. powered
11. In any form of communication, there is a sender and a receiver of the
.
A. gift B. memorandum C. message
12. Miscommunication, which can negatively affect people in various ways, is
called in communication.
A. malfunction
B. malodorous
C. misdemeanour
13. Miscommunication can put people’s safety at .
A. convenience B. risk C. ritual
14. These cues are guides to make us communicate effectively using
language and oral speech.
A. verbal abuse B. verbal cues C. verbal fight
15. This phenomenon means anything that impedes the flow of
communication.
A. noise B. odor C. taste
16. This is the art of dealing humanely, fairly, professionally, and in socially
acceptable manner with people and beings.
A. ethics B. morality C. persuasion

21 | P a g e
 17. This is the other half of communication skills, while speaking is the other
half.
A. listening B. reading C. writing
18. The inability to listen is a major deficiency in
communication.
A. effective B. efficient C. proficient
19. The showing of interest in a person is a good listening
.
A. art B. skill C. tendency
20. Closed questions are preconceived questions, which limit the answers of
people to a yes or a no or to a set of answers with no flexibility to choose
a middle ground, modifications, or outside the list of .
A. choices B. liberties C. freedom

Source: Santos Jr., B., Brul, R., & Reyes, D. L. (2016). Basic principles and
practices of effective oral communication. The Inteligente Publishing,
Inc. (pp. 63-65)

ACTIVITY SHEETS IN ORAL COMMUNICATION

GRADE 11
QUARTER 1, WEEK 1

Name: Date:
Grade/Section: Score:

Title of the Activity: Venn Diagram

Most Essential Learning Competency: The learner is able to differentiate the

various models of communication.
K to 12 BEC CG: EN11/12OC-Ia-3

Directions: Using the Venn diagram, compare and contrast the

communication models of Claude Elwood Shannon & Warren Weaver
and Wilbur Schramm. Be mindful of the holistic rubric cited below.

Content/Coherence and Depth - / 5

Creativity/Originality - / 5
Convention (Grammar & Mechanics) - / 5
/ 15

22 | P a g e
 Shannon-Weaver’s model Schramm’s model
1. 1. 1.
2. 2. 2.
3. 3. 3.

ACTIVITY SHEETS IN ORAL COMMUNICATION

GRADE 11
QUARTER 1, WEEK 1

Name: Date:
Grade/Section: Score:

Title of the Activity: What’s on your mind?

Most Essential Learning Competency: The learner is able to explain the functions,
nature, and process of communication.
K to 12 BEC CG: EN11/12OC-Ia-2

Directions: Distinguish whether each statement is correct or

incorrect. If the statement is correct, write TRUE on the line provided;
otherwise, indicate FALSE.

1. Applying the principles of miscommunication will result in

affable relationships among individuals.
2. Good communication can increase the warmth of
camaraderie.
3. Adequacy means that the message is complete and lovable.
4. Content as a principle of communication must have the
ingredient of consideration.
5. Publics refer to the stakeholders of any group.

23 | P a g e
 6. In human societies, people have goals and
shared values which are communicated to
society, so that people would keep and
uphold them.
7. Communication motivates people and helps
them express themselves politically and
artistically.
8. Communication with the youth has several
implications.
9. The question of whether the message is sent
and how the message is received is of vital
importance in communication.
10. Every individual needs to use
communication in motivating other people to
cooperate in accomplishing certain goals.

Source: Santos Jr., B., Brul, R., & Reyes, D. L. (2016). Basic
principles and practices of effective oral
communication. The Inteligente Publishing, Inc. (pp. 65-66)

24 | P a g e