Mark scheme Pure Mathematics Year 2 (A Level) Unit Test 9: Numerical Methods

Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
descriptor

1a x4 + 2 M1 1.1b 5th
4 2
x2 =
Rearranges x - 8x + 2 =0 to find 8 Understand the
concept of roots
A1 1.1b of equations.
x4 + 2 1 1
x= a b
States 8 and therefore 8 and 4 or states

1 4 1
x= x +
8 4

(2)

1b Attempts to use iterative procedure to find subsequent values. M1 1.1b 6th

Solve equations
Correctly finds: A1 1.1b
approximately
x1 =0.9396 using the method
of iteration.
x2 =0.5894
x3 =0.5149
x4 =0.5087

(2)

1c Demonstrates an understanding that the two values of f(x) to be M1* 2.2a 5th
calculated are for x = –2.7815 and x = –2.7825.
Use a change of
sign to locate
Finds f (- 2.7815) =- 0.0367... and f (- 2.7825) =(+)0.00485... M1 1.1b
roots.

Change of sign and continuous function in the interval A1 2.4

éë- 2.7825, - 2.7815ùû 
root

(3)

(7 marks)

Notes
1b
Award M1 if finds at least one correct answer.
1c
Any two numbers that produce a change of sign, where one is greater than –2.782 and one is less than –2.782,
and both numbers round to –2.782 to 3 decimal places, are acceptable. Minimum required is that answer states
there is a sign change in the interval and that this implies a root in the given interval.

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 Mark scheme Pure Mathematics Year 2 (A Level) Unit Test 9: Numerical Methods

Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
descriptor

2a æxö
3
æx ö
3 M1 1.1b 5th
1 1
3sin ç ÷ - x - 1 =0 3sin ç ÷ = x +1
è 6 ø 10 è6 ø 10 Understand the
Deduces from that concept of roots
of equations.
æx ö
3
æ1 1 ö M1 1.1b
ç ÷ =arcsin ç + x ÷
States è 6 ø è3 30 ø

Multiplies by 63 and then takes the cube root: A1 1.1b

 1 1 
x  6  3 arcsin   x  
  3 30  


(3)

2b Attempts to use iterative procedure to find subsequent values. M1 1.1b 6th

Solve equations
Correctly finds: A1 1.1b
approximately
x1 =4.716 using the method
of iteration.
x2 =4.802
x3 =4.812
x4 =4.814

(2)

(5 marks)

Notes
2b
Award M1 if finds at least one correct answer.

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 Mark scheme Pure Mathematics Year 2 (A Level) Unit Test 9: Numerical Methods

Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
descriptor

3a Finds f (1.9) =- 0.2188... and f (2.0) =(+)0.1606... M1 1.1b 5th

Use a change of
Change of sign and continuous function in the interval A1 2.4 sign to locate
éë1.9, 2.0 ùû  roots.
root

(2)

3b Makes an attempt to differentiate f(x) M1 2.2a 6th

Solve equations
2 A1 1.1b
Correctly finds f ¢(x) =- 9sin x cos x + sin x approximately
using the Newton-
Raphson method.
Finds f (1.95) =- 0.0348... and f ¢(1.95) =3.8040... M1 1.1b

M1 1.1b
Attempts to find x1
f (x0 ) - 0.0348...
x1 =x0 - Þ x1 =1.95 -
f ¢(x0 ) 3.8040...

A1 1.1b
Finds x1 =1.959

(5)

(7 marks)

Notes
3a
Minimum required is that answer states there is a sign change in the interval and that this implies a root in the
given interval.

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 Mark scheme Pure Mathematics Year 2 (A Level) Unit Test 9: Numerical Methods

Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
descriptor

4a Attempts to sketch both M1 3.1a 5th

2 Understand the
y= x
x - 1 and y =e concept of roots
of equations.

2 A1 2.4
y= x
States that x - 1 meets y =e in just one place, therefore
2
=e x
x- 1 has just one root  g(x) =0 has just one root

(2)

4b Makes an attempt to rearrange the equation. For example, M1 1.1b 5th

2 Understand the
- e x =0 Þ xe x - e x =2
x- 1 concept of roots
of equations.
-x A1 1.1b
Shows logical progression to state x =2e +1

2 + ex
x=
For example, e x is seen.

(2)

4c Attempts to use iterative procedure to find subsequent values. M1 1.1b 6th

Solve equations
Correctly finds: A1 1.1b
approximately
x1  1.4463 using the method
x2  1.4709 of iteration.
x3  1.4594
x4  1.4647

(2)

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 Mark scheme Pure Mathematics Year 2 (A Level) Unit Test 9: Numerical Methods

4d 2 A1 2.2a 6th
g¢(x) =- - ex
Correctly finds (x - 1)2 Solve equations
approximately
using the
Finds g(1.5) =- 0.4816... and g¢(1.5) =- 12.4816... M1 1.1b
Newton–Raphson
method.
g ( x0 ) 0.4816... M1 1.1b
x1  x0   x1  1.5 
Attempts to find x1 : g( x0 ) 12.4816...

A1 1.1b
Finds x1 =1.461

(4)

(10 marks)

Notes
4a
2
g(x) = - ex
Uses their graphing calculator to sketch x- 1 (M1)

States that as g(x) only intersects the x-axis in one place, there is only one solution. (A1)
4c
Award M1 if finds at least one correct answer.

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 Mark scheme Pure Mathematics Year 2 (A Level) Unit Test 9: Numerical Methods

Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
descriptor

5a Finds h(19.3) =(+)0.974... and h(19.4) =- 0.393... M1 3.1a 7th

Use numerical
Change of sign and continuous function in the interval A1 2.4 methods to solve
éë19.3, 19.4 ùû  problems in
root context.

(2)

5b Makes an attempt to differentiate h(t) M1 2.2a 7th

Use numerical
40 æt ö 1 A1 1.1b
h¢(t) = + 8cos ç ÷- t methods to solve
Correctly finds t +1 è5 ø 2 problems in
context.

Finds h(19.35) =0.2903... and h¢(19.35) =- 13.6792... M1 1.1b

x1 M1 1.1b
Attempts to find
h( x0 ) 0.2903...
x1  x0   x1  19.35 
h ( x0 ) 13.6792...

A1 1.1b
Finds x1 =19.371

(5)

5c Demonstrates an understanding that x = 19.3705 and M1 2.2a 7th

x = 19.3715 are the two values to be calculated.
Use numerical
methods to solve
Finds h(19.3705) =(+)0.0100... and h(19.3715) =- 0.00366... M1 1.1b
problems in
context.
Change of sign and continuous function in the interval A1 2.4
é
ë19.3705,19.3715 ù
û root

(3)

(10 marks)

Notes
5a
Minimum required is that answer states there is a sign change in the interval and that this implies a root in the
given interval.

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 Mark scheme Pure Mathematics Year 2 (A Level) Unit Test 9: Numerical Methods

Pearson
Progression Step
Q Scheme Marks AOs
and Progress
descriptor

6a States that the local maximum occurs when p¢(t) =0 B1 3.1a 7th
Use numerical
Makes an attempt to differentiate p(t) M1 2.2a methods to solve
problems in
1 1 t 3 1 A1 1.1b context.
p(t )   sin    t 2
Correctly finds 10(t  1) 2  2  20

Finds p¢(8.5) =0.000353... and p¢(8.6) =- 0.00777... M1 1.1b

A1 2.4
Change of sign and continuous function in the interval
 8.5, 8.6
Therefore the gradient goes from positive to negative and so the
function has reached a maximum.

(5)

6b States that the local minimum occurs when p¢(t) =0 B1 3.1a 7th
Use numerical
Makes an attempt to differentiate p¢(t) M1 2.2a methods to solve
problems in
1 1  t  3 1 A1 1.1b context.
p(t )   2
 cos    t 2
Correctly finds 10(t  1) 4  2  40

Finds p¢(9.9) =- 0.00481... and p¢¢(9.9) =0.0818... M1 1.1b

M1 1.1b
Attempts to find t1
p¢(t0 ) - 0.0048...
t1 =t0 - Þ t1 =9.9 -
p¢¢(t0 ) 0.0818...

A1 1.1b
Finds t1 =9.959

(6)

(11 marks)

Notes
6a
Minimum required is that answer states there is a sign change in the interval and that this implies a root in the
given interval.

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