Installation, Commissioning and Operating Instructions: For Vented Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries

Installation, commissioning and operating instructions
for vented stationary lead-acid batteries
Similar to the illustration, AquaGen® optional

Preface
Valued customer,
Thank you for choosing a HOPPECKE product.
Please read this documentation carefully and completely before performing any tasks using the lead-acid
batteries. This documentation contains important information regarding safe and correct unpacking, storage,
installation commissioning, operation and maintenance of lead-acid batteries. Non-compliance with these safety
instructions can lead to severe personal injury and material damage. HOPPECKE is not responsible or liable
for direct or indirect injury or damage resulting from improper use of this product; all warranty claims become
null and void.
HOPPECKE reserves the right to make changes to the contents of this documentation. HOPPECKE Batterien
GmbH & Co. KG is not responsible for errors in this documentation. HOPPECKE is not liable for direct damage
related to the use of this documentation. Our products are undergoing constant development. For this reason,
there may be discrepancies between the product that you have purchased and the product as represented in
this documentation.
Please keep this documentation so that it is immediately available for all personnel who must perform work in
connection with the batteries.
If you have questions, we would be happy to help you. You can reach us via e-mail
[email protected]
or by phone on working days between the hours of 8 am and 4 pm (CET) at the following number
Phone +49(0)2963 61-0
Fax +49(0)2963 61-481
Your team from

HOPPECKE Batterien GmbH & Co. KG
Postal address:
P.O. Box 1140
D-59914 Brilon
Germany
Head office address:

Bontkirchener Straße 1
D–59929 Brilon-Hoppecke
Phone +49 (0)2963 61-0
Fax +49 (0)2963 61-449
Internet www.hoppecke.com
Email [email protected]
Type, Design, Print: PRIOTEX Medien GmbH, 59929 Brilon
© 2013 HOPPECKE Batterien GmbH & Co. KG

P.O. Box 1140
D-59929 Brilon
All rights reserved, even for patent and utility patent applications.
The distribution and duplication of this document and the use and disclosure of its contents are prohibited
unless written permission is granted by HOPPECKE Batterien GmbH & Co. KG. Noncompliance will result in a
claim for damages.
Installation, commissioning and operating instructions for vented stationary lead-acid batteries Installation, commissioning and operating instructions for vented stationary lead-acid batteries
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
2 3
Used Symbols Any acid splashes on the skin or in the eyes must be rinsed with plenty of clean water immedia-
tely. Then seek medical assistance.
The following safety notes need to be observed. Listed symbols are used multiple times for safety relevant Spillages on clothing should be rinsed out with water!
information:
Personal health, batteries or the environment are at risk. Recycling

Failure to observe this hazard notice can lead to severe or fatal injury.
Danger! Spent batteries have to be collected and recycled separately from normal household
Batteries, materials or the environment are at risk. Personal safety is not at risk. wastes.
Failure to observe this notice can lead to malfunction or damage to the batteries. In addition, Pb
material and environmental damage may occur.
Attention! General notice or tip for better understanding and optimum use of the battery or batteries.
Risk of explosion or blast, splashing of hot or molten substances.

Risk of explosion and fire, avoid shortcircuits.
Avoid electrostatic charges and discharges/sparks.
0 Safety notices
Risk of corrosion caused by leaking electrolyte. 0.1 General Information

Electrolyte is strongly corrosive.
Incorrect use of the products described here can lead to personal and material damage.
HOPPECKE is not responsible or liable for direct or indirect personal and material damages which
Electrical voltages hazardous to health may cause fatal injury. occur as a result of handling the products described here.
Metal parts of the battery are always alive, therefore do not place items or tools on the battery. Danger!
Risk of explosion and fire, avoid short circuits. Avoid electrostatic charges and discharges/spaks.
Attention! Metal parts of the battery or batteries are always live, so never place foreign objects
Warning! Risks caused by batteries. or tools on top of the batteries.
Electrostatic discharges can ignite oxyhydrogen gas and therefore cause an explosion of the
battery! Exploding parts can lead to heavy injuries.
Do not smoke!
Do not use any naked flame or other sources of ignition.
Risk of explosion and fire! Electrolyte is highly corrosive.
Contact with electrolyte is impossible in normal working conditions. Electrolyte coming out of
damaged cells or blocks is highly corrosive too. Acid splashes in the eyes or on the skin must be
General prohibition washed with plenty of clean water. Then consult a doctor immediately!
Clothing contaminated by acid should be washed in water.
Leaking electrolyte is harmful to the eyes and skin. Refer also to chap. 2.3, Safety precautions!
Observe these instructions and keep them located near the battery for future reference.
Work on batteries only after instruction by qualified personnel.
Incomplete or insufficient maintenance can lead to unexpected battery failure or reduction of bat-
tery power. Maintenance work must be completed once every six months by authorized technical
While working on batteries wear protective eye-glasses, protective gloves and specialists in accordance with the instructions in this documentation.
clothing! Attention!
Observe accident prevention regulations as well as EN 50110-1 and
IEC 62485-2 (Stationary batteries) or IEC 62485-3 (Traction batteries). Work on batteries, especially installation and maintenance should be performed by trained
HOPPECKE specialists (or by personnel authorized by HOPPECKE) only; personnel must be familiar
with battery handling and the required precautionary measures. Unauthorized persons must keep
Wear conductive shoes. away from the batteries!
Danger!
General order Without proper and regular maintenance of the batteries by HOPPECKE specialists (or personnel
authorized by HOPPECKE), the safety and reliability of the power supply during operation cannot
be ensured.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
4 5
HOPPECKE offers the following type ranges as vented lead-acid (VLA) batteries: Following symbols and pictograms are pictured on each battery cell or on each battery block:
OPzS
power.bloc OPzS
Read the instruction for installation, commissioning and operation carefully.
max.power
OGi bloc
grid | power V X (GroE)
grid | power V M (OSP.HB/OSP.HC) Always wear protective goggles and cloths.
grid | power V H (OGi bloc/OSP.XC)
sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power/OPzS bloc solar.power)
Avoid naked flames and sparks.
The product names used for HOPPECKE battery series have been changed. In the overview below
you will find the respective counterparts of old and new names. In the rest of this document old
names will be listed in brackets.
General danger warning.
Risk of electrical voltage.

Old New
GroE grid | power V X
OPzS bloc solar.power sun | power V L Risk of chemical burns through electrolyte.
OPzS solar.power sun | power V L
OSP.HB grid | power V M

Risk of explosion, avoid short circuits, electrostatic charge and discharge/sparks.
OSP.HC grid | power V M
OSP.XC grid | power V H

Battery with low concentration of antimony.
Used batteries with this symbol have to be recycled.
Used batteries which are not sent for recycling are to be disposed of as special waste under all
relevant regulations.
Pb
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
6 7
0.2 Safety instructions for working with lead-acid batteries working with lead-acid batteries 1. When renewing old batteries, ensure that all electrical loads are switched off before remo-
ving the old battery (separators, fuses, switches). This must be carried out by qualified per-
When working on batteries, always observe the safety regulations documented in DIN EN sonnel.
50110-1 (VDE 0105-1) Operation of electrical installations:
• Always proceed in the correct order when installing and removing the battery and when connec-
ting it to the charger.
• Pay attention to the polarity! 2. R
emove all wrist watches, rings, chains, jewelry and other metal objects before working with
batteries.
• Make sure the connections are tight.
Danger!
• Use only battery charger leads that are in perfect technical condition and that have adequate
cross-sections.
• Batteries must not be connected or disconnected while current is flowing or while the charger 3. Use insulated tools only.
is switched on.
• Before opening the load circuit, make sure that the charger is in a switched-off state by measu- 4. Wear insulating gloves and protective shoes (refer to also to Chap. 2.2).
ring the voltage.
• Secure the charger to prevent it from being switched back on again!
• Heed the instructions given in the operating manual provided by the manufacturer of the battery 5. Never place tools or metal components on top of the batteries!
charger.
Danger!
6. M
ake sure that the battery or batteries are not mistakenly grounded. If the system is grounded,
Under certain conditions, there is a risk caused by electrical battery voltage and in the event
terminate the connection. Touching a grounded battery by mistake can result in severe electric
of a short circuit, extremely high short circuit currents may flow.
shock. The risk caused by an incorrect connection can be significantly reduced by terminating
There is a risk of explosion and fire due to explosive gas.
Danger! the ground connection.
Danger! Observe the following regulations (IEEE standards valid for USA only):
– ZVEI publication “Instructions for the safe handling of electrolyte for lead-acid accumulators.”
– VDE 0510 Part 2: 2001-12, in accordance with IEC 62485-2: “Safety requirements for secon-
dary batteries and battery installations - Part 2: Stationary batteries”. 7. B
efore establishing connections, make sure to check the correct polarity - better one too many
– DIN EN 50110–1 (VDE 0105–1): Operation of electrical installations; German version EN times than one too few.
50110-1:2004. Attention!
– IEEE Standard 485–1997: “Recommended Practice for Sizing Large Lead Acid Storage Batteries
for Generating Stations.”
– IEEE Standard 1187–2002: “Recommended Practice for Installation Design and Installation of 8. F illed lead-acid batteries contain highly explosive gas (hydrogen/air mixture). Never smoke,
Valve Regulated Lead-Acid Storage Batteries for Stationary Applications”. handle open flames or create sparks near the batteries. Always avoid electrostatic discharge;
wear cotton clothing and ground yourself if necessary.
– IEEE Standard 1188–2005: “Recommended Practice for Maintenance, Testing and Replacement
of Valve Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) Batteries for Stationary Applications”. Danger!
– IEEE Standard 1189–2007: “Guide for Selection of Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) Batteries
for Stationary Applications”. 9. B
locks/cells are very heavy. Make sure they are installed securely. Only use suitable means of
– IEEE Standard 1375–1998: “Guide for Protection of Stationary Battery Systems”. transport. Do not lift or pull up blocks/cells on the poles.
Danger!
Batteries contain corrosive acids which can lead to chemical burn on skin and eyes if the
battery is damaged! 10. Never carry batteries by the battery terminals.
Danger!
You must wear safety goggles while handling the battery!
Wear all the intended personal safety clothing while handling the batteries!
11. T hese batteries contain lead and cannot under any circumstances be disposed of with
household waste or at a waste dump at the end of their service life (for more information,
refer to Chap. 1.4).
Attention!
12. Contains lead-metall (CAS- Nr. 7439-92-1). This metall is one of the reach list chemicals.
Attention!
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
8 9
Table of contents 5.10.5 Clamping connection plates onto the batteries.......................................................................... 34
5.11 Connect the battery system to the DC power supply................................................................... 34
Preface.................................................................................................................................................... 3 5.12 Commissioning charge (initial charge)....................................................................................... 35
Used Symbols.......................................................................................................................................... 4 5.12.1 Commissioning charge with constant voltage (IU characteristic curve)......................................... 35
5.12.2 Commissioning charge with constant current (I characteristic curve) or decreasing current
0 Safety notices...................................................................................................................................... 5 (W characteristic curve)............................................................................................................ 36
0.1 General information................................................................................................................... 5 5.12.3 Extended commissioning charge............................................................................................... 36
0.2 Safety instructions for working with lead-acid batteries................................................................ 8 5.13 Electrolyte level check.............................................................................................................. 36
5.14 Electrolyte density adjustment.................................................................................................. 36
1 General information............................................................................................................................. 12 5.15 Replacement of a defect cell/battery (dry/formed)��37
1.1 Safety precautions................................................................................................................... 12 5.15.1 Before the replacement of the cells/battery��37
1.2 Technical Data........................................................................................................................ 12 5.15.2 Moving the cells/batteries��37
1.2.1 Example for single cell............................................................................................................. 12 5.15.3 Filling of acid into the cells/batteries��37
1.2.2 Identification plate battery........................................................................................................ 13 5.15.4 The commissioning of the cells/batteries��37
1.3 CE-Mark.................................................................................................................................. 13 5.15.5 Checking the electrolyte level��38
1.4 Disposal and recycling.............................................................................................................. 13 5.15.6 Adjustment of the electrolyte density��38
1.5 Service.................................................................................................................................... 13 5.15.7 Montage of the screw connectors��38
2 Safety................................................................................................................................................. 14 6 Battery operation................................................................................................................................ 39

2.1 General................................................................................................................................... 14 6.1 Discharging............................................................................................................................. 39
2.2 Personal safety equipment, protective clothing, equipment......................................................... 15 6.2 Charging – general................................................................................................................... 39
2.3 Safety precautions................................................................................................................... 15 6.2.1 Standby parallel operation........................................................................................................ 41
2.3.1 Sulfuric acid............................................................................................................................ 15 6.2.2 Floating operation.................................................................................................................... 42
2.3.2 Explosive gases....................................................................................................................... 16 6.2.3 Switch mode operation (charge/discharge operation)................................................................. 42
2.3.3 Electrostatic discharge............................................................................................................. 17 6.2.4 Float charging.......................................................................................................................... 43
2.3.4 Electric shock and burns.......................................................................................................... 17 6.2.5 Equalizing charge (correction charge)......................................................................................... 43
3 Transport............................................................................................................................................ 19 7 Settings for charging HOPPECKE sun | power V L batteries..................................................................... 44

3.1 General................................................................................................................................... 19 7.1 Charge and discharge parameters ............................................................................................ 44
3.2 Delivery completeness and externally visible damage................................................................ 19 7.2 Alternating currents.................................................................................................................. 45
3.3 Defects................................................................................................................................... 19 7.3 Water consumption.................................................................................................................. 45
7.4 Temperature influence on battery performance and service life................................................... 46
4 Storage .............................................................................................................................................. 20 7.4.1 Temperature influence on battery capacity................................................................................. 46
4.1 General.................................................................................................................................. 20 7.4.2 Temperature influence on battery service life............................................................................. 46
4.2 Storage time........................................................................................................................... 20 7.5 Influence of cycling on battery behavior..................................................................................... 47
4.3 Preparing for a several-months storage period.......................................................................... 20 7.5.1 Endurance in cycles depending on depth of discharge (DoD)....................................................... 47
7.5.2 Endurance in cycles depending on ambient temperature............................................................. 47
5 Installation ....................................................................................................................................... 21 7.5.3 Electrolyte freezing point depending on depth of discharge (DoD)................................................ 48
5.1 Demands on the erection site................................................................................................... 21 7.6 Remarks to warranty management............................................................................................ 49
5.1.1 Calculation of safety distance................................................................................................... 23
5.2 Filling the cells......................................................................................................................... 24 8 Battery maintenance........................................................................................................................... 50
5.2.1 Check..................................................................................................................................... 24 8.1 Work to be performed every six months..................................................................................... 50
5.2.1.1 Ventilation – preventing explosions........................................................................................... 24 8.2 Work to be performed annually................................................................................................. 50
5.2.1.2 Ventilation – calculation for ventilation requirements of battery rooms......................................... 25 8.3 Cleaning of batteries................................................................................................................ 51
5.2.2 Filling the cells......................................................................................................................... 26
5.2.3 Idle Time................................................................................................................................. 26 9 Testing the battery system.................................................................................................................. 52
5.3 Conducting an open-circuit voltage measurement....................................................................... 27 9.1 Performing the capacity test (short form)................................................................................... 52
5.4 Installation tools and equipment............................................................................................... 27 9.2 Performing the capacity test (extended version)......................................................................... 53
5.5 Rack Installation...................................................................................................................... 28 9.3 Capacity test of the battery....................................................................................................... 54
5.6 Cabinet installation.................................................................................................................. 29
5.7 Handling the batteries.............................................................................................................. 29 10 Troubleshooting................................................................................................................................. 57
5.8 General information on connecting the batteries........................................................................ 30
5.9 Putting the cells/blocks into the racks...................................................................................... 30 11 Required ventilation for hydrogen generated by batteries................................................................... 57
5.10 Connecting the batteries.......................................................................................................... 32
5.10.1 Connection terminals............................................................................................................... 32 12 Disassembly ..................................................................................................................................... 59
5.10.2 Type of connection cable.......................................................................................................... 32
5.10.3 Clamping batteries using battery connectors.............................................................................. 33 Inspection protocol................................................................................................................................. 60
5.10.4 Installing the screwed connectors............................................................................................. 33
Safety data sheet................................................................................................................................... 61
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
10 11
1 General information 1.2.2 Identification plate battery
Vented lead-acid batteries contain liquid electrolyte. Due to the electro chemical potential oxyhydrogen gas The identification plate of the entire battery system can be found on the
is continuously generated. Decomposed water needs to be refilled from time to time. Using the HOPPECKE battery rack or inside the battery cabinet.
AquaGen recombination system (optional accessory) can drastically extend water refilling intervals. Due to the The nominal voltage, the number of cells/blocks, the nominal capacity
liquid electrolyte, vented lead-acid batteries can only be operated in upright position. The HOPPECKE product (C10 = CN) and the battery type are listed on the identification plate of
range comprises several vented lead acid batteries like single cells (nominal voltage 2 V) or blocs (nominal the system.
voltage of: 6 V or 12 V) for different applications.
1.1 Safety precautions

Fig. 1–1: Example for type plate on battery rack
Read this documentation carefully and completely before performing any tasks using the
batteries. This documentation contains important information regarding the safe and correct
unpacking, storage, installation commissioning, operation and maintenance of filled lead-acid 1.3 CE-Mark
Danger! batteries.
Effective as of 1 January 1997, the EC declaration of conformity 2006/95/EC (Low Voltage
Directive) and the corresponding CE marking for the battery system are required for batteries with
To ensure your own safety as well as the safety of your colleagues and the system, it is essential a nominal voltage between 75 V and 1500 V DC. The installer of the battery system is responsible
that you have read and understood all instructions in this documentation and adhere to them for displaying the declaration and affixing the CE label on or next to the battery’s identification plate.
strictly. If you have not understood the information contained in this documentation or if local
Danger! regulations and conditions apply which are not covered by the documentation (or run contrary to
the information in this documentation), please contact your local HOPPECKE representative. You 1.4 Disposal and recycling
can also contact us at our head office directly.
Used batteries with this marking are recyclable goods and must be sent for recycling.
If you are conducting any work on or with the battery system, it is essential that you familiarize
yourself with the installation, operation and maintenance of lead-acid batteries. Attention!
Attention!
Used batteries which are not sent for recycling are to be disposed of as special waste
under all relevant regulations.
1.2 Technical Data Pb
1.2.1 Example for single cell We offer our customers our own battery return system. All lead acid batteries are taken to the
secondary lead smelting plant at our HOPPECKE site, observing the provisions of the German
Each battery cell or bloc contains an identification plate on top of the cell/bloc lid. Refer to the example below. – recycling and waste law
– battery regulations
– transport approval regulations
5 OPzS 250
2V 250Ah CN / 266 Ah C10 – together with the general principles of environmental protection and our own corporate guidelines.
Ufloat = 2.23 V/cell
d20°C/68°F = 1.24 kg/l The HOPPECKE smelting plant is the only lead smelter in Europe certified under:
Made in Germany – DIN EN ISO 9001 (processes and procedures),
– DIN EN ISO 14001 (environmental audit),
Example: The information on the identification plate is as follows: – and specialist disposal regulations covering specialist disposal with all associated waste codes
5 OPzS 250 for storage, treatment and recycling.
5 = number of positive plates For further information: +49 (0)2963 61-280.
OPzS = battery type
250 = nominal capacity C10 1.5 Service
(capacity during discharge with ten hours’ current (I10)
over a discharge time of 10 h (t10). HOPPECKE has a worldwide service network that you should take advantage of. HOPPECKE service is there for
266 = actual capacity C10 (capacity of discharges with 10 h you whenever you need specialist consultation for installation of the battery system, parts and accessories or
current) system maintenance. Contact us or your local HOPPECKE representative.
HOPPECKE service:
Email: [email protected]
Refer to the HOPPECKE website for contact data of all international HOPPECKE branches:
Internet: www.hoppecke.com
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
12 13
2 Safety 2.2 Personal safety equipment, protective clothing, equipment
2.1 General While working on batteries wear protective eye-glasses, protective gloves and
clothing!
If the container of a filled lead-acid battery is damaged, electrolyte, acid mist or hydrogen gas may escape. Observe accident prevention regulations as well as EN 50110-1 and
Always take the normal safety precautions when working with lead-acid batteries. IEC 62485-2 (Stationary batteries) or IEC 62485-3 (Traction batteries).
Procedure for handling acid spills: If working with lead-acid batteries, the following equipment must be provided at the very least:
Fix acid using a binding material such as sand and neutralize it using calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate or – Insulated tools
sodium hydroxide. Dispose of the acid according to the official, local regulations. Do not allow acid to escape – Rubber gloves
into the sewage system, soil or water. The following table contains a list of chemicals recommended for neu- – Protective shoes
tralizing electrolyte in an approved system.
– Fire extinguisher
– Rubber apron
Observe the safety measures, even when neutralizing small amounts of electrolyte. – Protective goggles
– Face shield
Danger! – Face mask
– Emergency eye wash.
Mix the required quantities of the chemicals (see Tab. 2–1) with the electrolyte in small portions. To avoid electrostatic charging, all textiles, protective shoes and gloves worn while working with
batteries must have a surface resistance of <108 ohm and an insulation resistance of ≥105 ohm
(refer IEC 62485-2 and DIN EN ISO 20345:2011 Personal protective equipment - Safety footwear).
Take special care when adding sodium carbonate, as this results in intense foaming. If possible wear ESD shoes.
Danger! Remove all wrist watches, rings, chains, jewelry and other metal objects before working with
batteries.
Never smoke, handle open flames or create sparks near the batteries.
Neutralization is complete when a pH value between 6 and 8 has been reached. If there is no suitable mea- Never place tools or metal components on top of the batteries.
suring device available, the degree of neutralization can be checked using common pH paper. Neutralization is Danger!
complete when the pH paper turns olive green to yellow in color. The use of proper tools and safety equipment can help to prevent injury or reduce the severity of injury in case
If the pH paper is blue, this indicates that the neutralization point has been exceeded. Acid must be added to of an accident.
neutralize the mixture again. Gel electrolyte from damaged or used batteries can be disposed of in the same
way.
2.3 Safety precautions
The following quantities of any these chemicals can be used to neutralize 1 liter of electrolyte with the listed
nominal density: 2.3.1 Sulfuric acid
Calcium Sodium Sodium hydroxide (I) Batteries are safe when used properly. However, they contain sulfuric acid (H2SO4), which is extremely corrosive
Nominal and can cause serious injury. Further information to sulfuric acid can be found in the attached material safety
carbonate (kg) carbonate (kg) NaOh NaOH
density data sheet.
CaO Na2CO3 20% concentration 45% concentration
1.20 kg/l 0.19 0.36 1.36 0.6 Always wear protective gloves and use the proper tools when working with lead-acid batteries.
Observe the following instructions and read the attached ZVEI publication “Instructions for the
1.24 kg/l 0.23 0.44 1.65 0.73
safe handling of lead-acid accumulators (lead-acid batteries)”.
1.27 kg/l 0.26 0.5 1.88 0.83
Danger!
1.29 kg/l 0.28 0.54 2.03 0.9
The battery room must be equipped with the following:
Tab. 2–1: Chemicals for neutralizing 1 liter of electrolyte – Emergency kit to absorb leaked electrolyte.
– The following materials listed for use in an emergency situation.
Danger!
Observe all regulations, documentation and standards as described in Chap. 0.2.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
14 15
If sulfuric acid comes in contact with the skin… 2.3.3 Electrostatic discharge
– Remove contaminated clothing immediately.
– Dab off acid using a cotton or paper towel; do not rub. All lead-acid-batteries produce hydrogen and oxygen while operating, particularly during charging. These gases
leak from the battery in the ambience. Based on the mandatory natural or technical ventilation it can be assu-
– Rinse affected area of skin carefully using plenty of water.
med that a flammable oxyhydrogen concentration exists only in the close proximity of the battery. A flammable
– After rinsing, wash the area using soap. mixture of oxyhydrogen always exists inside the battery cells. This effect does not depend on the battery tech-
– Avoid making contact with the affected areas of the skin. nology, design or manufacturer, it is rather a specific characteristic of all lead-acid batteries.
– If necessary, contact a doctor.
The energy needed for an ignition of oxyhydrogen is quite low and can be caused differently. Examples: Open
If sulfuric acid comes in contact with your eyes… flame, fire, glowing sparks or flying firebrands from grinding, electric spark from switches or fuses, hot surface
areas >200 °C and – an underestimated cause – electrostatic discharge.
– Carefully wash the affected eye with large quantities of water
– for 15 minutes (using running water or eye rinsing bottle). Measures to avoid an explosion or at least minimize the impact of an explosion:
– Avoid using high water pressure. Development of electrostatic discharges on the battery or on your body or on clothes can be avoided if you
– Always contact an eye doctor immediately. consider the information below.
If electrolyte is ingested… Do not wipe the battery with an arid fabric especially made of synthetic material. Rubbing on
– Immediately drink plenty of water. surfaces of plastic material (battery jars are typically made of plastic materials) causes electro-
static charges.
– Consult doctor or contact a hospital immediately.
– Before the doctor arrives: if available, swallow activated carbon. lean the surface of batteries with water- moistened cotton fabric only. By using a water-moiste-
C
ned cotton fabric you avoid the buildup of electrostatic charges.
If sulfuric acid comes in contact with clothing or other material, immediately…
– Remove contaminated clothing.
– Wash clothing in sodium bicarbonate solution (bicarbonate or baking soda). While working on batteries do not rub your clothes (e.g. made of wool) on the battery. Thereby
– When bubbles stop forming, rinse using clean water. electrostatic charges could build up on the battery jar, your body or on your clothes.
ear suitable shoes and clothing with special surface resistance that avoid the buildup of electro-
W
static charge. Thereby the buildup of electrostatic charge on the body and clothing can be avoided.
2.3.2 Explosive gases
o not remove self-adhesive labels, from the battery without special safety measures. Removing
D
Lead-acid batteries can release an explosive mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases. Severe per-
plastic labels can build up electrostatic charges, which can ignite oxyhydrogen gas.
sonal injury could occur in the event of an explosion of this mixture.
– Always wear the recommended protective clothing (protective goggles, insulated gloves and
Danger! protective shoes, etc.) Before pulling off the label, wipe the battery moist.
– Use the correct tools only („non-sparking“ with insulated grips, etc.).
– Eliminate all potential sources of ignition such as sparks, flames, arcs.
– Prevent electrostatic discharge. Wear cotton clothing and ground yourself when you are working
with the batteries directly. 2.3.4 Electric shock and burns
In case of fire, extinguish using water or CO2 extinguisher only. Batteries can cause severe electric shock. If there is a short circuit, very strong currents may
Do not point the fire extinguisher directly at the battery or batteries to be extinguished. There be present. Do not touch any bare battery components, connectors, clamps or terminals.
is a risk that the battery casing may break as a result of thermal tension. In addition, there is Note for batteries with voltages over 1,500 V DC In battery systems with a nominal voltage of
a risk of static charging on the surface of the battery. This could result in an explosion. Switch Danger! over 1,500 V DC, you must provide equipment for splitting the batteries into cell groups with
Danger! voltages lower than 1,500 V DC.
off the charging voltage of the battery. If extinguishing a fire, use a breathing apparatus with
a self-contained air supply. If using water to extinguish a fire, there is a risk that the water/ In order to prevent serious injury as a result of electric shock or burns, be very cautious when
foam could react with the electrolyte and result in violent spatter. For this reason, wear acid- performing any work on the battery system.
resistant protective clothing. Burning plastic material may produce toxic fumes. If this should Always wear the recommended protective clothing (insulated rubber gloves and rubber shoes,
occur, leave the location as quickly as possible if you are not wearing the breathing apparatus etc.) and always use insulated tools or tools made of non-conductive material.
described above. Remove all wrist watches, rings, chains, jewelry and other metal objects before working with
batteries.
If using CO2 fire extinguishers, there is a risk that the battery could explode as a result of
static charging.
Note also the information in the attached ZVEI leaflet “Instructions for the safe handling of lead-
Danger! acid accumulators (lead-acid batteries)”.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
16 17
Before conducting work on the battery system… 3 Transportation
Determine whether the battery system is grounded. We do not recommend this. If the system is grounded,
terminate the connection. 3.1 General
Touching a grounded battery by mistake can result in severe electric shock. This risk can be significantly redu-
ced by removing the ground connection. However, the racks (or cabinets) used to hold the batteries do need to We take great care in packaging the batteries that we send to you so that they arrive without damage. We
be well grounded or completely insulated. strongly recommend that you inspect the delivery for possible shipping damage as soon as it arrives.
If a battery system is grounded… For road transportation, filled lead-acid rechargeable batteries are not treated as dangerous
goods if ...
There is a voltage between the ground and the ungrounded terminal. If a grounded person touches – They are undamaged and sealed
this terminal, there is risk of fatal injury. There is also a risk of short circuit if dirt or acid on the
– They are protected from falling, shifting and short circuit
ungrounded terminal come in contact with the battery rack.
– They are firmly secured to a pallet
– There are no dangerous traces of acids, lye, etc. on the outside of the packaging
If an additional ground connection is made by some cells within the (grounded) battery system,
there is a risk of short circuit, fire and explosion.
It is essential that loads on road vehicles are properly secured.
If a battery system is not grounded… Danger!
If an accidental ground connection is made by some cells within the battery system, voltage is Monobloc batteries/battery cells are very heavy (depending on type between ca. 10 kg and max.
created between the ground and the ungrounded terminal. The voltage can be dangerously high – 1100 kg per cell/bloc). Wear protective shoes. Use only the appropriate transportation equipment
risk of fatal injury due to electric shock. for transport and installation.
Attention!
If a second accidental ground connection is made, there is a risk of short circuit, fire and explo-
sion. 3.2 Delivery completeness and externally visible damage
Check immediately upon delivery (while the carrier is still present) to make sure that your shipment is complete
If you have questions about these instructions or any other questions regarding safety when (compare with the delivery note). In particular, check the number of battery pallets and the number of boxes
working with a battery system, please contact your local HOPPECKE representative. You can also with accessories. Then inspect the goods for possible shipping damage.
contact us at our head office directly.
Note all…
– damages to the outer packaging
– visible stains or moisture that might indicate electrolyte leakage
If the delivery is incomplete or damaged as a result of shipping...

– Write a short defect notice on the delivery note before signing it.
– Ask the carrier for an inspection and note the name of the inspector.
– Compose a defect report and send it to us and to the carrier within 14 days.
3.3 Defects
Observe all required safety measures to avoid electric shock.

Keep in mind that you are handling live batteries. Observe all instructions in Chap. 2 “Safety”.
Unpack the goods as soon as possible upon delivery (the sooner, the better) and inspect them for any defects
in case commissioning should be carried out promptly.
The batteries can be delivered filled or unfilled.

If you have received filled batteries, check the electrolyte level in the cells. The electrolyte level
should be adjusted only after commissioning the cells (float charge).
If you have received unfilled batteries, wait to fill the batteries until they have reached their final
destination.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
18 19
Check the entire scope of delivery to make sure that it matches the detailed delivery note (or
the packing list). Observe ventilation requirements (refer to chap. 5.2.1.1) even for charging of temporarily connec-
Failure to promptly inform the carrier of defects or incompleteness could result in the loss of ted cells.
your claims. Attention!
If you have questions regarding incomplete shipments or damage to the delivered products,
please contact your local HOPPEKKE representative. You can also contact us at our head office
directly.
4 Storage
4.1 General
After receiving the batteries, you should unpack, install and charge them as soon as possible. If this is not
available capacity [% C10]

possible, store the batteries fully-charged in a dry, clean, cool and frost-free location. Excessively high storage
temperatures may result in accelerated self-discharge and premature aging. Do not expose the batteries to
direct sunlight.
Do not stack the pallets with the batteries as this can cause damage which is not covered under
the warranty.
Attention!
4.2 Storage time
If the cells/batteries are to be stored for a long period of time, store them fully-charged in a
dry, frost-free location. Avoid direct sunlight. To prevent damage to the batteries, an equalizing
charge must be performed after a maximum storage period of three months (see Chap. 6.2.5). storage time t [months]
Attention! Calculate this exact time starting on the day of delivery. By the end of the max. storage time
charge acceptance might be declined during battery recharge. Hence, HOPPECKE recommends Fig. 4–1: Available Capacity vs. storage time
a suitable process of charging, which assures a gentle full charge of the battery (refer to chap.
6.2.5). If storage temperatures exceed 20 °C, more frequently equalizing charges may be neces-
sary (at temperatures around 40 °C monthly charges). Refer also to figure 4–1 to retrieve max. 5 Installation
storage times for different storage temperatures. Failure to observe these conditions may result
in sulfating of the electrode plates and significantly reduced capacity and service life of the bat- 5.1 Demands on the erection site
tery. Battery recharge during storage time should be carried out max. twice. The battery should
be operated in continuous float charge mode thereafter. Battery service life commences with When renewing old batteries, ensure that all electrical loads are switched off before removing the
delivery of the battery or batteries from the HOPPECKE plant. Storage times have to be added old battery (separator, fuses, switches).
completely to the service life. This must be carried out by qualified personnel.
Unfilled blocks/cells have to be stored in a dry, frost-free location. Avoid direct sunlight. Storage
Danger!
time should not exceed 24 months.
Required process for charging the batteries by achievement of max. storage duration: If you have questions regarding battery system installation, please contact your local HOPPECKE representative.
Charge with constant power of 1 A or 2 A per 100 Ah C10 battery capacity. Interrupt charging when You can also contact us at our head office directly.
all cell voltages have rised to min. 2.6 V/cell (refer also to Chap. 6.2).
Attention!
If choosing an installation location, determining space requirements and performing the installa-
tion, observe the relevant installation drawing if it is available.
4.3 Preparing for a several-month storage period The floor must be suitable for battery installation; it must…
– have a suitable load-carrying capacity,
If the storage time extends over a period of several months, make sure to provide an appropriate charger so
that the charging tasks can be performed promptly as previously described. For temporary storage, arrange the – have an electrolyte-resistant installation surface (or acid collection tanks must be used),
blocks/cells so that they can be temporarily connected in series for charging. The batteries should remain on – be sufficiently conductive,
their pallets until final installation. – be at ground level (max. thickness of backing elements under racks and cabinets: 6 mm),
– be as free of vibration as possible (otherwise a special rack is required).
To avoid having to perform the previously described work, we strongly recommend that you con- Within the EU, follow VDE 0510 Part 2: 2001-12, in accordance with IEC 62485-2: “Safety requi-
nect the battery or batteries to the regular charging voltage supply within three months. Failure to rements for secondary batteries and battery installations – Part 2: Stationary batteries”.
observe the recharging intervals will render the warranty null and void.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
20 21
Requirement Our recommendation 5.1.1 Calculation of safety distance
Ventilation source Sufficient room ventilation is absolutely required in order to In close proximity of the batteries the dilution of explosive gases is not always given. Therefore a safety distance
limit the hydrogen concentration (H2 concentration) in the ambi- has to be realized by a clearance, in which there must not be any sparking or glowing equipments (max. surface
ent air of the battery room to a value of < 2% by volume. temperature 300 °C). The diffusion of the oxyhydrogen depends on the gas release and the ventilation close
Hydrogen is lighter than air. Make sure that hydrogen does not to the battery. For the following calculation of the safety distance ‘d’ it can be assumed that the oxyhydrogen
Danger!
accumulate (e.g. in the ceiling area). Ventilation and deaerati-
expands spherical. Figure 5–1 depicts a graphic approximation of the safety distance ‘d’ depending on the
on openings should be placed near the ceiling (see also Chap.
battery capacity. Subsequently a detailed calculation is shown.
5.2.1.1 and Chap. 5.2.1.2).
Environment The ambience should be clean and dry. Water, oil and dirt must be kept away Safety clearance:
from the cell surface. Required safety clearance needs to be calculated according to formula stated in IEC 62485-2.
Passageway width in Europe: Passageway width = 1.5 x cell width (installation depth), at least
front of and between the 500 mm (see also IEC 62485-2). Volumes of a hemisphere:
battery racks USA: 36“ or 915 mm
(and cabinets) HOPPECKE recommendation:
If possible at the installation location: 1 m. Air volume flow required to reduce the concentration of generated hydrogen H2 in the air to 4% max.:
Otherwise: In accordance with local regulations. .
Minimum distances
Rack to wall 50 mm
Battery to wall 100 mm
Conductive parts to ground 1500 mm for Unom or Upart >120 V DC between non-insulated and grounded Required radius of the hemisphere:
parts (e.g. water lines) .
Battery ent terminals 1500 mm for Unom >120 V DC
Battery to sources of ignition See calculation of safety distance in Chap. 5.1.1.
Upper surface of battery to 250 mm It must be possible to measure the voltage and density and to
next tier of rack or bottom add water.
of the next cabinet
Access door Lockable and fire retardant (T90).
Lighting Recommend: at least 100 Ix.
Labeling Warning signs in accordance with IEC 62485-2.
Safety distance d [mm]

Warning sign depicting risk of electrical volta-
ge only necessary if battery voltage exceeds
60 V DC.
Risk of explosion No sources of ignition (e.g. open flame, glowing objects, electrical switches,
sparks) near to the cell openings.
Ambient temperature The recommended operating temperature is between 10 °C and 30 °C. The
optimal temperature is 20 °C ± 5 K. Higher temperatures shorten the service
life of the battery. All technical data is valid for the nominal temperature of
20 °C. Lower temperatures decrease battery capacity. Exceeding the limit tem-
perature of 55 °C is not permissible. Avoid operating at temperatures in excess
of 45 °C for long periods of time.
Batteries should not be exposed to direct sunlight or near heat sources.
Ambient air The air in the battery room must be free of impurities, e.g. suspended matter,
metal particles or flammable gases. Battery capacity C [Ah]
The humidity should be at a maximum of 85%.
Earthing If you ground the racks or battery cabinets, make sure that you use a connection VLA battery boost charge mode VLA battery float charge mode
to a reliable grounding point. VRLA battery boost charge mode VRLA battery float charge mode
Battery installation We recommend that batteries are properly installed in HOPPECKE battery racks Fig. 5–1: Safety distance based on battery capacity
or cabinets. The use of other operator-specific solutions may render the warran-
ty for the batteries null and void.
Country-specific Some countries require batteries and racks to be installed in collection tanks.
regulations Please observe all local regulations and contact your local HOPPECKE repre-
sentative if necessary.
Tab. 5–1: Demands on the erection site
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
22 23
5.2 Filling the cells 5.2.1.2 Ventilation – calculation for ventilation requirements of battery rooms
If the cells or batteries were delivered unfilled (dry) they have to be filled now. Air volume flow Q:
Empty, but not fully emptied and cleaned acid tanks have to be handled as filled according to the v = dilution factor = 96% air/4% H2 = 24
regulation of dangerous goods for street transport. If acid tanks should be disposed, assure to q = quantity of hydrogen generated = 0.42 10–3 m3/Ah
meet the local legal requirements. Pay also attention to the disposal- and operating recommen- s = safety factor = 5
dations in the material safety data sheet for sulfuric acid. n = number of cells
Igas = current per 100 Ah
5.2.1 Check C = nominal capacity of the battery
Before filling the cells, make sure that the installation and ventilation requirements according to IEC 62485-2 Sum of factors:
are met. Should commission charging be carried out using higher amperage than you established for the type of .
ventilation equipment, then you must increase the ventilation in the battery room (e.g. using additional portable
fans) according to the amperage applied. Increased ventilation has to be applied during commissioning and for . Igas with Q in m3/h, Igas in A
one hour afterwards. The same applies for occasional special battery charging processes.
Igas = Ifloat resp. Iboost x fg x fs
5.2.1.1 Ventilation – preventing explosion
It is impossible to stop gases from being generated while charging batteries; therefore, the hydrogen concen- Parameter Lead-acid batteries vented cells
tration in the air must be reduced with sufficient ventilation. Do not use sparking equipment near batteries. Sb < 3%
fg: Gas emissions factor 1
The following could act as sources of ignition for gas explosions:
– open flames fs: Safety factor for gas emissions
5
– flying sparks (includes 10% faulty cells and aging)
– electrical, sparking equipment Ufloat: Float charge voltage, V/cell 2.23
– mechanical, sparking equipment
Ifloat: Typical float charge current, mA per Ah 1
– electrostatic charge
Igas1): Current (float charge), mA per Ah (used only for calculating
5
Observe the following measures to prevent gas explosions: the air volume flow for float charge)
– sufficient natural or technical ventilation Uboost: Boost charge voltage, V/cell 2.40
– no heating using open flames or glowing objects (T > 300°C)
Iboost: Typical boost charge current, mA per Ah 4
– separate battery compartments with individual ventilation
– anti-static clothing, shoes and gloves (according to applicable DIN and EN regulations) Igas: Current (boost charge), mA per Ah (used only for calculating
20
– surface conductivity resistance: <108 Ω and insulating resistance ≥ 105 Ω the air volume flow for boost charge)
– hand-held lights with power cable without switch (protection class II)
Tab. 5–2: Recommended current values (Extract from IEC 62485-2)
– hand-held lights with battery (protection category IP54)
– warning and regulatory signs
If designing the ventilation in battery rooms, depending on the structural conditions, either “natural ventilation”
The ventilation requirements for battery rooms, cabinets or compartments are based on the required reduction or “technical ventilation” can be used.
of the concentration of hydrogen generated during charging and safety factors which include battery aging and
the potential for fault (“worst case”). Observe the following points:
Natural ventilation:
– intake and exhaust openings required
– minimum cross-section (free opening in wall): A ≥ 28 × Q (A in cm2, Q in m3/h) (given that: vair = 0.1 m/s);
– increased ventilation through chimney effect (air routing)
– exhaust released outside (not into air-conditioning systems or surrounding rooms)
1) If AquaGen® recombination systems are applied Igas can be reduced by 50%.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
24 25
Technical ventilation: 5.3 Conducting an open-circuit-voltage measurement
– increased ventilation using fan (generally extractor fans)
– air flow rate according to air volume flow Q Before installing the batteries, conduct an open-circuit voltage measurement of the individual
cells or monobloc batteries to determine their state of charge and to make sure that they are
– air drawn in must be clean
functioning properly. Fully-charged cells with an electrolyte temperature of 20 °C should have an
– if large amounts of gas are released during charging, continued ventilation is required for 1 h after charging open-circuit voltage as listed in Tab. 5–3.
is complete The open-circuit voltages of the individual cells of a battery must not differ more than 0.02 V
– for multiple batteries in one room: required air flow = ∑Q from one another.
– avoid a ventilation short circuit by ensuring that there is sufficient distance between the intake and exhaust
opening
Type of cell/monobloc battery Technical guidelines Open-circuit voltage
In case of a technical (forced) ventilation the charger shall be interlocked with the ventilation system or an alarm GroE DIN 40738 (2.06 ± 0.01) V/c
shall be actuated to secure the required air flow for the selected charging mode.
OPzS DIN 40736 T1 (2.08 ± 0.01) V/c
Another sample calculation for battery room ventilation is available in Required ventilation for hydro- power.bloc OPzS DIN 40737 T3 (2.08 ± 0.01) V/c
gen generated by batteries, Chap. 10, “Required ventilation for hydrogen generated by batteries”.
max.power DIN 40736 T2 (2.08 ± 0.01) V/c
OGi bloc DIN 40739 (2.08 ± 0.01) V/c
5.2.2 Filling the cells
grid | power V M (OSP.HB/OSP.HC) (2.08 ± 0.01) V/c
Filling acid with a density according to Tab. 5–3 must comply with the purity specifications according to DIN
43530 Part 2, IEC 60993-3 or IEEE 450:2002. grid | power V H (OGi bloc) (2.08 ± 0.01) V/c
The cells must be filled to the lower electrolyte level mark. Use acid-resistant filling devices (funnels); do not grid | power V H (OSP.XC) (2.11 ± 0.01) V/c
use stainless steel Transport plugs are not to be used when operating the battery.
The plugs which came fitted on top of the batteries are HOPPECKE Labyrinth plugs. These plugs have to remain sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power/OPzS bloc solar.power) DIN 40736 T1/T3 (2.08 ± 0.01) V/c
on the batteries after refilling and during operation of the battery.
To increase safety and reduce maintenance costs, we recommend the use of HOPPECKE AquaGen® premium. Tab. 5–4: Open circuit voltages for different cells/monobloc batteries
top recombination systems.
High temperatures decrease the electrolyte density while lower temperatures increase it. The correction factor
is -0.0007 kg/l per K. The following open-circuit voltage deviations are acceptable for monobloc batteries:
Example: An electrolyte density of 1.23 kg/l at 35 °C corresponds to a density of 1.24 kg/l at 20 °C. – 4 V monobloc 0.03 V/block
– 6 V monobloc 0.04 V/block
5.2.3 Idle Time – 12 V monobloc batteries 0.05 V/block
After filling, allow every cell an idle time of 2 hours. Immediately after the idle time, depending on the total High temperatures decrease the open-circuit voltage while lower temperatures increase it. A
number of cells, measure the electrolyte temperature and density in 4 to 8 of the cells (pilot cells) and note deviation of 15 K from the nominal temperature changes the open-circuit voltage by 0.01 V/cell.
this in the commissioning report. Please consult your local HOPPECKE representative regarding larger deviations.
If the temperature increment is less than 5 K and the electrolyte density has not decreased to more than 0.02
kg/l less than the density of the filling acid, then a simplified commissioning charge as described in Chap.
5.12.1 and Chap. 5.12.2 is sufficient. 5.4 Installation tools and equipment
If the discrepancy is larger, then an extended commissioning charge as described in Chap. 5.12.3 is required.
The batteries are delivered on pallets and the required accessories are located in separate packaging units.
Commissioning charge has to be performed immediately after idle time of the final filled cell. Observe all information from the previous sections.
Attention!
For the installation, you will require your personal safety equipment, protective clothing, safety
tools and other equipment as described in Chap. 2.2.
Series Filling density kg/l Nominal density kg/l
Danger!
GroE 1.21 1.22
OPzS/power.bloc OPzS 1.23 1.24
max.power 1.23 1.24
OGi/OGi bloc/grid | power V H (OGi bloc) 1.23 1.24
grid | power V M (OSP.HB/OSP.HC) 1.23 1.24
grid | power V H (OSP.XC) 1.26 1.27
sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power/OPzS bloc solar.power) 1.23 1.24
Tab. 5–3: Electrolye density in kg/l at 20 °C
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
26 27
1. If the installation drawing is available, mark the outlines of the racks on the installation surface using chalk.
Equipment Available?
2. The installation surface must be level and rigid. If backing elements are used, make sure that the thickness
Lifting conveyor (forklift truck, lift truck or small mobile crane or similar device does not exceed 6 mm.
to aid in battery installation) 3. Carefully set up the racks and arrange them horizontally.
Chalk line and chalk (optional) 4. The distances of the support profiles must correspond to the dimensions of the cell or monobloc battery.
5. Check rack stability and ensure that all screwed and clamp connectors are firmly secured.
Plastic spirit level (optional)
6. If necessary, ground the racks or rack parts.
Torque wrench
Backing elements (max. 6 mm) for installing the racks (cabinets) (optional)
If using wooden racks: you must fit a flexible connector between each rack joint.
Ratchet set (optional)
Wrench and ring wrench set with insulated grips Attention!
Screwdriver with insulated grip

5.6 Cabinet installation
Paper towels or cloths (made of cotton; do not use cloths made out of synthetic
fibers as there is a risk of static charging), moisturised with water Alternatively, you may choose to install the batteries in HOPPECKE cabinets.
The cabinets can be delivered with batteries already installed or battery installation can take
Brushes with hard plastic bristles (optional)
place on-site.
Plastic measuring tape HOPPECKE provides different types of cabinets.
Safety equipment and protective clothing
Battery terminal grease Aeronix®(only for cells/blocs with exposed lead on post terminals) The installation location must fulfill the conditions described in Chap. 5.1.
Comply with the minimum distances listed in Tab. 5–1.
Insulating mats for covering conductive parts Danger!
Tab. 5–5: Equipment for installation
5.5 Rack Installation
We recommend that batteries are properly installed in HOPPECKE battery racks or HOPPECKE
battery cabinets. The use of other operator-specific solutions may render the warranty for the
batteries null and void.
HOPPECKE produces different types of racks. For installation information, see the separate docu-
mentation included with each rack.
Fig. 5–2:
Step rack (left) and
tier rack (right) Fig. 5–3: Battery cabinet
5.7 Handling the batteries

Observe the special requirements and regulations when installing battery racks in seismic areas.
Be very careful when lifting and moving the batteries as a falling battery could cause personal injury or material
Danger! damage. Always wear protective shoes and safety goggles. Always lift batteries from below and never lift batte-
ries using the terminals as this can destroy the battery. Before installing the battery, visually check to make sure
that it is in perfect condition. Install the battery in accordance with VDE 0510 Part 2: 2001-12 (in accordance
The installation location must fulfill the conditions described in Chap. 5.1. with IEC 62485-2). For example, you must cover conductive parts using insulating mats.
Comply with the minimum distances listed in Tab. 5–1.
Danger!
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
28 29
5.8 General information on connecting the batteries
For large batteries, it is required that you begin installation in the center of the rack.
When using tier racks, install the batteries on the bottom rack first.
If connecting the batteries, always establish the serial connections first followed by the parallel
connection. Do not reverse this procedure.
Before connecting, check to make sure that the batteries have the correct polarity.
When handling the batteries, observe the instructions in Chap. 5.7.
Attention! Place the batteries carefully onto the profiles of the rack, otherwise the battery casing could be
damaged.
Attention! When placing the batteries on the rack, do not allow the batteries to knock up against one ano-
To establish the serial connection, arrange the batteries so that the positive terminal of one bat-
ther. This could destroy the batteries and result in an acid leak.
tery is positioned as near as possible to the negative terminal of the next battery.
The battery connection terminals + and - must under no circumstance be short-circuited. This
applies also to the plus and minus pole of the entire battery string. Be very careful when using
If sealed stationary batteries are connected in parallel, observe the following:
step racks.
1. O nly battery strings with the same length and voltage may be connected with one another. Cross connecting Danger!
the individual strings between the cells should be avoided because strings could be very long. Cross connec-
3. S
lide the blocks (or cells) to either side until the distance between the batteries is approx.
tions mask bad cells and blocks and could cause individual battery strings to overload.
10 mm (Fig. 5–20). If connectors are used, these determine the distance between the batte-
2. Only batteries of the same type and same state of charge should be connected (same battery type, plate ries. When sliding the batteries sideways in the racks, do not push them at the middle; instead,
size and plate design). push them at the corners as these are stronger. Push batteries using your hands only; never
Attention!
3. The environmental conditions should be the same for each string connected in parallel. In particular, avoid use a tool.
temperature discrepancies between the individual strings/batteries.
4. In order to ensure consistent current distribution, make sure that the connectors and end connections are set
up so that the individual supply lines connected to the consumer have the same electrical resistance ratio.
5. The commissioning date of the batteries should be the same (batteries of the same age, identical storage
time and same state of charge).
If the installation does not comply with all of the above mentioned guidelines, you have to charge each string
separately and connect them in parallel afterwards.
In general, connect the batteries using the shortest possible cables. Normally, cells are connected in series
with alternating polarity, resulting in the shortest possible connector length.
5.9 Putting the cells/blocks into the racks

Fig. 5–13: 10 mm clerance between the batteries
1. Apply
some soft soap to the profiles of the rack so that the batteries can be adjusted sideways more easily
once they have been placed onto the rack. 4. After
the batteries have been placed in the racks, you can replace the Labyrinth plugs with other plugs if you
have ordered them. These plugs could be: ceramic plugs, ceramic funnel plugs, AquaGen®premium.top H/
AquaGen®premium.top V recombination systems. Please refer to the manual for the AquaGen recombination
system.
Fig. 5–12: Lubricated support profiles
2. P
osition the batteries one after another into the racks so that they are angled and level with the correct Fig. 5–14: Labyrinth plugs (left) and AquaGen® recombination system (right)
polarity. Remove all transportation and hoisting equipment.
5. Final step: Count all cells/blocks and check for completeness.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
30 31
5.10 Connecting the batteries 5.10.3 Clamping batteries using battery connectors
The batteries are in their final position and can now be connected. There are screwed row, step and tier connectors (see Fig. 5–22). Row connectors are used to con-
nect the individual cells/monobloc batteries, step connectors are used to connect the individual
steps to one another (for use with step racks) and the tier connectors are used to connect the
5.10.1 Connection terminals tiers (for use with tier racks).
In addition, there are welded connectors (special design) for individual cells of types GroE/OPzS/
For battery cells with partly exposed lead on post terminals: The battery terminals have been OSP.HC/OSP.XC/max.power.
greased at the factory using battery terminal grease. Inspect each terminal for visible damage or
oxidation. If necessary, clean the terminal using brushes (with hard plastic bristles). Re-grease by
using the above mentioned terminal grease.
For batteries without rubber molded terminals (pertain to GroE 500 to GroE 2600, manufactured
up to 2016) use the red and blue touch protection rings to avoid contact. The little clearance
hast to face downwards. The red one is used for the positive terminal and the blue one for the
negative terminal.
Fig. 5–16: Using row connectors and step connectors
Fig. 5-15: Touch protection ring

Row, step, tier and end connectors are designed as screwed connectors. After loosening a con-
nection, the assembly screws must always be replaced.
5.10.2 Type of connection cable Attention!
The battery system that you received is designed for a certain period (standby time) to produce a
specified amount of power (kW) or current (A) at a particular voltage(U) for a certain period of time 5.10.4 Installing the screwed connectors
(standby time). You should be familiar with these parameters (U, kW, A). If this is not the case,
please contact your local HOPPECKE representative. 1. T he batteries are connected using the insulated row connectors (Fig. 5–17).
When establishing the serial connection, the batteries are arranged so that
The battery system was designed so that the electrical energy is available at the battery terminals.. Limit voltage the negative terminal of one battery is connected to the positive terminal of
drop between the battery terminals and electrical loads to an absolute minimum. If the voltage drop is too large, the next battery until the entire system has reached the necessary voltage.
the standby time of the battery system may be reduced.
Observe the following information:
1. Keep the cable length between the batteries and the charging rectifier/USV as short as possible. Make sure that you do not cause mechanical damage to the
terminals.
2. The cable cross-section should be calculated so that voltage drop is negligible even at a high current flow.
Attention!
Use the cross-section of the cable provided to calculate the voltage drop at the nominal current. If in doubt,
use cable with a cross-section that is one size larger.
2. A ttach the connectors as shown in Fig. 5–15. First attach the screws by hand
only so that you can make final adjustments to the cells and connectors.
The connection cable must be short-circuit proof or double-wall insulated. That means:
3. Tighten the screws using a torque wrench. The recommended torque is 20
– The insulation strength of the cable is higher than the max. system voltage or
Nm ± 1 Nm. Exceptions:
– there is a distance of at least 100 mm between wiring and electrically conductive parts or grid | power V M 105 (3 OSP.HC 105): Max. 15 Nm
Danger! – connectors must be furnished with additional insulation. grid | power V M 6-50 and 6-100 (OSP.HB 6 V 50 Ah and 6 V 100 Ah):
– Avoid mechanical stress on the cell/battery terminals. Protect cables with large cross-sections Max. 12 Nm
using cable ties and cable clamps.
It is very important to tighten screws thoroughly as a loose con-
The connection cables between the main connection terminals and the charging rectifier or UPS nection can become very hot and result in ignition or explosion.
should be flexible conductors. Screws are approved for single use only.
Attention!
Fig. 5–17: Screwed
connector installation
4. If necessary, fit the connectors and end terminals (connection plates) with
insulating covers.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
32 33
5.10.5 Clamping connection plates onto the batteries 8. C
onnect the battery system to the charging rectifier/UPS using the end connections (“plus to plus” and
“minus to minus”) and proceed as described in Chap. 5.12.
There are a total of 11 different types of connection plates (see Fig. 5–16). Connection plates are
always used when wires must be connected to cells with multiple battery terminals. The connection cables between the end connections of the battery and the charging rectifier or
UPS should be flexible conductors.
Inflexible wires could transfer vibrations, which could loosen the connection under certain circum-
We strongly recommend that you use original HOPPECKE connection plates when connecting stances. The cables must be supported so that no mechanical load can be transferred to the
wires to cells with multiple battery terminal pairs. Using other solutions may lead to overhea- connection terminals (cable trays, cable ducts, cable clamps).
ting, risk of fire and increased electrical contact resistance.
Attention!
5.12 Commissioning charge (initial charge)
Installation of standard connection plates
1. Screw the connection brackets onto the end terminals of the battery (see Normally, by the time of installation, batteries are no longer fully charged. This applies especially
Fig. 5–18). to batteries that have been in storage for a long period of time (see Chap. 4). In order to charge
the cells to the optimum level as quickly as possible, you must first perform an initial charge. The
initial charge (time-restricted) is a “boost charge”.
Make sure that you do not cause mechanical damage to the
terminals. 1. F amiliarize yourself with the maximum voltage that the charge rectifier can deliver without damaging the
Attention! peripherals.
2. Divide this maximum value by the number of battery cells (not batteries) connected in series. This is the
2. F irst attach the screws by hand only so that you can make final adjustments maximum cell voltage for the initial charge.
to the cells, connection brackets and connection plates. 3. Set the voltage so that average cell voltages are at a max. of 2,40 V per cell. The initial charge can take
3. Fix the connection plate to the connection bracket of the battery with a up to 72 hours.
torque of 20Nm
4. Afterwards tighten the pole screws using a torque wrench. The recommen- It is important for this initial charge to be carried out completely. This is only possible with a
Fig. 5–18: ded torque is 20 Nm ± 1 Nm. Exceptions: charge voltage greater than 2.35 V per cell. Avoid interruptions if at all possible. Log the commis-
Installing the end terminals grid | power V M 105 (3 OSP.HC 105): Max. 15 Nm sioning in the commissioning report (see Inspection record).
(connection plates) grid | power V M 6-50 and 6-100 (OSP.HB 6 V 50 Ah and 6 V 100 Ah):
Max. 12 Nm 4. D
uring commissioning, measure the cell voltage of the pilot cells and after commissioning, measure the
cell voltage and surface temperature of each cell and log this data in the commissioning report along with
the time.
It is very important to tighten screws thoroughly as a loose con-
nection can become very hot and result in ignition or explosion.
Attention! The electrolyte temperature must not exceed 55 °C; if necessary, the charge operation must be
interrupted, until the electrolyte temperature drops below 45 °C.
Danger!
5.11 Connect the battery system to the DC power supply
The AquaGen®premium.top recombination systems are resistant to overload and may remain
Make sure that all installation work has been performed properly before connecting the battery on the cells during commissioning charge as far as the charging voltage is <= 2.4 V per cell.
system to the charging rectifier or UPS. Otherwise the AquaGen®recombination systems must be removed. Refer also to the AquaGen®
installation- and operation documentation.
Attention!
1. Measure
the total voltage (target value = sum of open-circuit voltages of the individual cells or monobloc Several types of commissioning are possible.
batteries).
2. If necessary: label the cells or monobloc batteries visibly with continuous numbers (from the positive terminal
to the negative terminal of the battery). HOPPECKE includes number stickers in your shipment.
3. Attach polarity labels for the battery connections. 5.12.1 Commissioning charge with constant voltage (IU characteristic curve)
4. Complete the identification plate in this documentation (see Chap. 1.2).
5. Attach safety marking signs (these include: “Danger: batteries”, “Smoking prohibited” and, for battery volta- – A charge voltage of 2.35-2.40 V per cell is required.
ges >60 V, “Dangerous voltage”). Attach further marking signs according to local requirements. – The charge current should be at least 5 A per 100 Ah C10 at the beginning of charging. The electrolyte density
increases slowly during charging so a charge time of several days may be required before the minimum elec-
6. Attach the safety notices (see Chap. 0).
trolyte density reaches the nominal density -0.01 kg/l.
7. If necessary: Clean the batteries, the racks and the installation room.
– Then switch to the float charge voltage as specified in the operating instructions.
– The electrolyte density increases to the nominal value during operation.
Never clean batteries using feather dusters or dry towels.
Danger of electrostatic charging and gas explosion. We recommend cleaning the batteries – The end of commissioning charge is reached when the cell or bloc voltage no longer rises for a period of
using damp cotton cloths or paper towels. 2 hours.
Danger!
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
34 35
5.12.2 Commissioning charge with constant current (I characteristic curve) or decreasing current 5.15 Replacement of a defect cell/battery (dry/formed)
(W characteristic curve)
If a dry and formed cell or a battery is defect the instructions for the replacement are described in this chapter.
The maximum permitted currents can be obtained from Tab. 5–6.
5.15.1 Before the replacement of the cells/battery

Characteristic curve Charge Current
I characteristic 5A
Please note that you have to work currentless. Before you remove the connectors you should
W characteristic curve at
secure the switch- off of the electrical circuit.
2.0 V/Cell 14 A Attention!
2.4 V/Cell 7.0 A
2.65 V/Cell 3.5 A 5.15.2 Moving the cells/batteries
Tab. 5–6: Max. permitted charge currents in A per 100 Ah C10 battery capacity for I and W charging After the disconnecting the connectors the cells/ batteries have to be moved. For
moving the cells please follow the intructions according chapter 5.7. Especially the
Charging must continue until lifting of the cells/batteries has to be done very carefully. Please aware that lifting of
– all cells have reached a minimum of 2.6 V Attention! the cells/batteries is not allowed by fixing the pillar screw, this leads to damaging of
the batteries/cells.
– the electrolyte density ceases to rise over a further period of 2 hours.
Then switch to the float charge voltage as specified in the operating instructions.
5.15.3 Filling of acid into the cells/batteries
5.12.3 Extended commissioning charge For filling of acid into the cells/batteries please follow th instructions according to chapter 5.2.2
Extended storage or climatic influences (humidity, temperature fluctuations) reduce the charge
state of the cells. This makes an extended commissioning charge necessary. 5.15.4 The commissioning of the cells/batteries
Conduct the extended commissioning charge according to the following procedure: The defect cells/batteries which should be replaced should not be charged (according
1. Charge at 15 A per 100 Ah C10 until 2.4 V/cell is achieved (approx. 3-5 hours). commissioning regime) within the battery because of the very high charging factor (above
2. Charge at 5 A per 100 Ah C10 for 14 hours (cell voltage will exceed 2,4 V/cell. 1,2) and a very high hydrogen concentration. The comissioning has to be done on a
3. Interrupt for an hour. Attention! separate charging rectifier.
4. Charge with 5 A per 100 Ah C10 for 4 hours.
Regime-Commissioning
Repeat items 3 and 4 until all For the commissioning please follow the instructions according to the chapters 5.12.11
5.12.2 and 5.12.3.
– cells have reached a minimum of 2.6 V
– the electrolyte density in all cells has risen to the nominal value of ±0.01 kg/l and these values cease to
rise for a further 2 hours.
Subsequently switch to the float charge voltage as set out in Chap. 6.2.4.
5.13 Electrolyte level check
If the electrolyte has been set below the upper level before commissioning top up with sulfuric acid to bring
electrolyte level to the upper electrolyte level mark.
5.14 Electrolyte density adjustment
After commissioning is complete, if the electrolyte density is too high, replace a portion of the electrolytes with
demineralized water according to DIN 43530 Part 4 or IEC 60993-1.
The electrolyte density in the individual cells must not differ more than 0.01 kg/l between cells. In case of
large deviations, conduct an electrolyte density adjustment and subsequent equalizing charge according to the
operating instructions.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
36 37
5.15.5 Checking the electrolyte level 6 Battery operation
Please follow the instructions according to the chapter 5.13 DIN VDE 0510 Part 1 and IEC 62485-2 and IEEE 484 apply for the operation of stationary battery
systems.
5.15.6 Adjustment of the electrolyte density

The recommended operating temperature for lead-acid batteries is between 10 °C and 30 °C.
Please see the chapter 5.14 Technical data is valid for the nominal temperature of 20 °C. The ideal operating temperature
range is 20 °C ± 5 K. Higher temperatures shorten the service life of the battery. Lower tempe-
Attention! ratures decrease battery capacity. Exceeding the limit temperature of 55 °C is not permissible.
5.15.7 Montage of the screw connectors The operating temperature has to be >= 5 °C when using the HOPPECKE AquaGen® recombina-
tion system. Thereby you avoid icing of the internal ceramic component and assure an optimal
Please follow the instructions from the chapter 5.10.4. recombination.
Please note the possible mechanical damaging of the pillars (chapter 5.7) 6.1 Discharging
Attention! Never allow the final discharge voltage of the battery to drop below the voltage corresponding to
the discharge current.
Unless the manufacturer has specified otherwise, no more than the nominal capacity is to be
Attention! discharged. Immediately after discharge (including partial discharge), charge the battery comple-
tely.
6.2 Charging – general
Depending on how the batteries are used, charging is to be carried out in the operating modes described in
Chap. 6.2.1 to Chap. 6.2.4.
All charging procedures may be used with their limit values as specified in DIN 41773 (lU charac-
teristic curve.DIN 41774 (W characteristic curve) and DIN 41776 (I characteristic curve).
Superimposed alternating currents

Depending on the charger type and charging characteristic curve, alternating currents flow through
the battery during charging and are superimposed onto the charging direct current. These superim-
Attention! posed alternating currents and the reaction of the loads lead to additional heating of the battery
or batteries and create a cyclical strain on the electrodes. This might result in premature aging
of the battery.
For a charge voltage over 2.4 V/cell, do not exceed 10 A per 100 Ah nominal capacity.
In a fully charged state (float charge) with a charge voltage of 2.23 to 2.25 V/cell, the effective
value of the alternating current must not exceed 5 A per 100 Ah nominal capacity.
In order to achieve the optimum service life for vented batteries on float charge, a maximum
effective value of the alternating current of 2 A per 100 Ah nominal capacity is recommended.
Temperature-related adjustment of the charge voltage

Operating temperature between 10 °C and 30 °C: No adjustment necessary
Operating temperature <10 °C or >30 °C: Adjustment necessary
Attention! Correction factor: (-0.004 V/cell per K).
Operating temperature constantly >40 °C: Adjustment necessary
Correction factor: (-0.003 V/cell per K).
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
38 39
Dependency of electrolyte density on temperature
The electrolyte is diluted sulfuric acid. The nominal density of the electro-
lyte is based on a temperature of 20 °C and nominal electrolyte level in
fully charged condition.
The maximum permitted deviation is ±0.01 kg/l.
Charging Voltage in V
High temperatures reduce the electrolyte density while lower temperatu-

res increase electrolyte density. The correction factor is 0.0007 kg/l per K.
Example: Electrolyte density 1.23 kg/l at 35 °C corresponds to a density of
1.24 kg/l at 20 °C and electrolyte density 1.25 kg/l at 5 °C corresponds
to a density of 1.24 kg/l at 20 °C.
Measuring electrolyte density - prerequisites

The electrolyte density decreases during discharging and increases during
charging. Because electrolyte density is also dependent on temperature
(see above) and on the fill level of the battery, when measuring the den-
sity, both values should be determined and documented.
Prerequisites for measuring electrolyte density using a hydrometer:
– No water has been added to the battery over the last few days (electro-
Temperature in °C lyte layering). Water has a lower density than sulfuric acid (it is lighter),
Fig. 6–2: Hydrometer
Fig. 6–1: Temperature related float charge voltage adjustment so mixing requires time.
– The battery has been charged for at least 72 hours.
– The electrolyte level in the battery is correct.
Maximum charge currents The temperature is 20 °C. If this is not the case, recalculate accordingly
Up to 2.4 V/cell the battery is able to absorb the maximum current the battery charger provides. (see above).
Using the IU-characteristic according to the DIN 41773 a charging current of 10 A to 20 A per
Attention! 100 Ah rated capacity (C10) is recommended. If charge voltages of 2.4 V/cell are exceeded, this
leads to higher water dissociation and electrode stress.
The charge currents per 100 Ah nominal capacity shown in Tab. 6–1 must not be exceeded when 6.2.1 Standby parallel operation
charging with a charge voltage of over 2.4 V/cell.
DC power supply Electrical Load
Charging Series Cell
procedure Voltage
OPzS, OPzS power.bloc, max.power, OGi bloc, GroE
grid | power V M (OSP.HB/OSP.HC),
grid | power V H (OGi bloc/OSP.XC),
sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power/OPzS bloc solar.power) Battery
I characteristic curve 5.0 A 6.5 A 2.6 to 2.75 V/Cell

(DIN 41776) Fig. 6–3: Standby parallel operation
W characteristic curve 7.0 A 9.0 A for 2.40 V/Cell The following is characteristic for this operating mode:
(DIN 41774) 3.5 A 4.5 A for 2.65 V/Cell
– Consumers, direct current source and battery are connected in parallel.
– The charge voltage is the operating voltage of the battery and the system voltage at the same time.
Tab. 6–1: Charge currents – The direct current source (charging rectifier) is capable of supplying the maximum load current and the battery
charge current at any time.
– The battery only supplies current when the direct current source fails.
– The charge voltage should be set at (see Tab. 6–2) x number of cells in series (measured at the battery’s
terminals).
– To reduce the recharging time, a charging stage can be applied in which the charge voltage is (2.33 V to 2.4 V)
x number of cells (standby parallel operation with recharging stage).
– Automatic changeover to the charge voltage of (see Tab. 6–2) x number of cells in series occurs after charging.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
40 41
6.2.4 Float charging
Battery type Float charge voltage
GroE 2.23 ± 1% V/cell Float charging is used to keep the battery or batteries in a fully charged state and corresponds to a large extent
to the charge type as described in Chap. 6.2.1.
OPzS 2.23 ± 1% V/cell
power.bloc OPzS 2.23 ± 1% V/cell Use a charger that complies with the specifications described in DIN 41773 (IU characteristic curve).
Set the charger to yield the following average cell voltages:
max.power 2.23 ± 1% V/cell – OSP.XC cells and USV bloc monobloc batteries: 2.25 V ± 1 %;
OGi bloc 2.23 ± 1% V/cell – other HOPPECKE vented product series: 2.23 V ± 1 %.
grid | power V M (OSP.HB/OSP.HC) 2.23 ± 1% V/cell Example: Nominal battery voltage: 60 V, float charge voltage of charging device is 30 x float charge voltage per
grid | power V H (OGi bloc) 2.23 ± 1% V/cell cell. E.g. 30 x cells OPzS result in 30 x 2.23 V = 66.9 V +/-1% (=max. 67.6 V/min. 66.23 V).
grid | power V H (OSP.XC) 2.25 ± 1% V/cell 6.2.5 Equalizing charge (correction charge)
sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power/OPzS bloc solar.power) 2.23 ± 1% V/cell
Under normal circumstances equalizing charges are not required.
Tab. 6–2: Float charge voltage adjustment in standby parallel operaion If there are unacceptably large discrepancies between the cell voltages of the individual cells at float charge
(see Tab. 6–3), an equalizing charge must be performed.
6.2.2 Float operation Type Float charge

GroE, grid | power V M (OSP.HC/OSP.HB), OPzS, power.bloc OPzS, 2.23 V/cell +/- 1%
The following is characteristic for this operating mode:
OGi bloc, grid | power V H (OGi bloc), max.power,
– Consumers, direct current source and battery are connected in parallel. sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power/OPzS bloc solar.power)
– The charge voltage is the operating voltage of the battery and the system voltage at the same time.
grid | power V H (OSP.XC) 2.25 V/cell +/- 1%
– The direct current source is not able to supply the maximum load current at all times. The load current inter-
mittently exceeds the nominal current of the direct current source. During this period the battery supplies Voltage per unit 2V 4V 6V 12 V
power. Tolerance float charge
– The battery is not fully charged at all times. voltage for single cells
-0.05 V/+0.10 V -0.07 V/+0.14 V -0.09 V/+0.17 V -0.12 V/+0.25 V
– Therefore, depending on the number of discharges, the charge voltage must be set to approx. (2.25 to 2.30 V) (deviation from average
x the number of cells connected in series. float charge voltage)
Tab. 6–3: Float charge voltage

6.2.3 Switch mode operation (charge/discharge operation)
Example for OPzS cells: Float charge voltage max. = 2.33 V/cell and min. 2.18 V/cell (at average float charge
voltage of 2.23 V/cell).
DC Power Supply Electrical Load
Equalizing charges are necessary after exhaustive discharge, after inadequate charging, if the cells have been
held at different temperatures for long periods of time or if:
– the electrolyte density (temperature adjusted) differs from the target value by 0.01 kg/l in one or more cells
Battery – the voltage in one or more cells has dropped below the critical threshold (as defined in Tab. 6–2) during
Battery operation.
Charger
Fig. 6–4: Switch mode operation As the max. permitted load voltage might be exceeded it must be clarified in advance whether the
loads can be disconnected for the duration of the equalizing charge.
The following is characteristic for this operating mode: Attention!
– When charging, the battery is separated from the consumer.
– Towards the end of charging, the charge voltage of the battery is 2.6-2.75 V/cell (depending on the depth of Perform the equalizing charge as follows:
discharge and number of cyclical loads). 1. Charging with IU characteristic up to max. voltage U = 2,4 V/cell up to 72 hours.
– The charging process must be monitored. 2. Should the max. temperature exceed 55 °C, interrupt the charging process or continue with reduced current.
– On reaching a state of full charge, terminate charging or switch to float charging as described in Chap. 6.2.4. You can also temporarily switch to „float charging“ to allow the temperature to drop.
– The battery may be connected to the consumer if required. 3. The end of the equalizing charge is reached when the cell voltage do not rise for a period of 2 hours.
Required process for charging the batteries by achievement of max. storage duration:
Refer to Chap. 4.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
42 43
7 Settings for charging HOPPECKE 2.55 V/c 2.55 V/c
sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power/OPzS bloc solar.power) batteries at IU-characteristic at IU-characteristic
max. voltage absorption phase
2.4 V/c 2.4 V/c
This chapter contains instructions for charging of HOPPECKE sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power/OPzS bloc solar.power) at IUIa-characteristic at IUIa-characteristic
battery cells and battery blocks in solar applications.
absorption time 8h 6h
battery discharge
7.1 Charge and discharge parameters
refer to the data sheet refer to the data sheet
discharge characteristic
and project data and project data
sun | power VL sun | power VL
recommended (DOD) cycle operation 50% 50%
Parameter OPzS solar.power OPzS solar.power
without electrolyte with electrolyte max. depth of discharge (DOD), immediate recharge
80% 80%
circulation pump circulation pump is necessary
battery charge limited by battery fuse limited by battery fuse

max. discharge
and cable and cable
max. charging current 6 x l10 6 x l10
proposal for characteristic for deep discharge 1.98 V/c at I<=0.16 x I10 1.98 V/c at I<=0.16 x I10
standard charge (regular operating cycles) protection [U=f(I)] 1.81 V/c at I>=4 x I10 1.81 V/c at I>=4 x I10
IU IU comment: deep discharge protection by switching off linear interpolation at linear interpolation at
characteristic (with subsequent (with subsequent relating to a constant voltage value is forbidden! 0.16 x I10 < I < 4 x I11 0.16 x I10 < I < 4 x I12
switchover to float) switchover to float)
Tab. 7-1: Charge and discharge parameters
max. current (consider the fuses and cable lengths) 6 x l10 6 x l10
max. voltage absorption phase 2.55 V/c 2.4 V/c
7.2 Alternating currents
recommended absorption time 180 min 180 min
Depending on the charging equipment, its specification and its characteristics, superimposed alternating
absorption time full charge 6h 6h currents may contribute to battery charging current. Alternating currents and the corresponding reaction by the
frequency/cycle, based on time period (full charge) 14 days 14 days connected electrical loads may lead to an additional battery temperature increase, and – consequently – to a
shortened battery service life as a result of stressed electrodes (micro cycling).
No change-over due to a No change-over due to a The alternating current must not exceed 5 A (RMS)/100 Ah nominal capacity.
float charge
current threshold! current threshold! In order to achieve the optimum service life for vented lead acid batteries on float charge, a maximum effective
voltage 2.23 V/cell +/- 1% 2.23 V/cell +/- 1% value of the alternating current of 2 A per 100 Ah battery capacity (C10) is recommended.
<20 °C: -3 mV/K <20 °C: -3 mV/K

temperature correction
>=20 °C: 0 mV/K >=20 °C: 0 mV/K 7.3 Water consumption
equalization charge (frequency depending on which of the following two criteria occurs first)
Every lead acid battery decomposes certain amounts of water into hydrogen and oxygen gas. This effect rises
frequency/cycle, based on capacity throughput 10 x Cn 10 x Cn with increasing amount of charge-/discharge cycles, charging voltage and battery temperature as well.
frequency/cycle, based on time period 40 days 40 days

IU/IUIa IU/IUIa
characteristic (with subsequent (with subsequent
switchover to float) switchover to float)
At IUIa characteristic: At IUIa characteristic:
current in Ia phase max. current in Ia phase max.
comment to the characteristic
5 A/100 Ah 5 A/100 Ah
C10 for 2 to 4 h C10 for 2 to 4 h
max. current (note the fuses and cable lengths) 6 x l10 6 x l10
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
44 45
7.4 Temperature influence on battery performance and service life 7.5 Influence of cycling on battery behavior
7.4.1 Temperature influence on battery capacity 7.5.1 Endurance in cycles depending on depth of discharge (DoD)
Battery capacity depends significantly on ambient temperature. Lead acid batteries loose capacity with decre- Endurance in cycles is defined as number of discharging and charging cycles until the actual remaining battery
asing temperature and vice versa, as shown in fig. 7–6. This should be considered when sizing the battery. capacity drops below 80% of the nominal capacity (C10). The endurance in cycles a lead acid battery is directly
depending on the regular depth of discharge (DoD) during these cycles.
Temperature range for sun | power VL (OPzS solar.power/OPzS bloc solar.power) batterie: Depending on different types of batteries and the design of the plates and electrodes, the endurance in cycles
may vary significantly.
Possible temperature range: -20 °C to 45 °C The following chart (fig. 7–8) shows the cycling behavior of a HOPPECKE sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power) under
Recommend temperature range: 10 °C to 30 °C ideal operating conditions. The endurance in cycles refers to one discharge per day. Endurance in cycles cannot
exceed stated service life under float charge conditions.
Battery Capacity in %
Cycle number n
Temperature in °C
Fig. 7–6: sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power/OPzS bloc solar.power): Dependency of battery capacity on temperature Depth of discharge (DoD) in %
Fig. 7–8: Endurance in cycles of sun | power VL (OPzS solar.power) as a function of DoD (at 20 °C)
7.4.2 Temperature influence on battery service life

7.5.2 Endurance in cycles depending on ambient temperature
As corrosion processes in lead acid batteries are significantly depending on battery temperature, the battery
design lifetime is directly related to the ambient temperature. Since design life mainly depends on temperature, the cycle lifetime is affected by temperature as well. Fig. 7–9
As rule of thumb it can be stated that the speed of corrosion doubles per 10 K increase (rule by Arrhenius). depicts this relation for a regular battery depth of discharge of 80%.
Thus battery design life will be halved in case the temperature rises by 10 K.
The following graph (refer to fig. 7–7) shows this relationship. The diagram depicts operation in float charge
mode. Additionally, the endurance in cycles has to be taken into account.
Cycles n
Design life in %
Ambient temperature in °C
Operating Temperature in °C
Fig. 7–9: Endurance in cycles of sun | power VL (OPzS solar.power) as a function of ambient temperature
Fig. 7–7: Design life of sun | power V L (OPzS solar.power) cell as a function of ambient temperature (standby
application in float charge operation with 2.23 V/cell)
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
46 47
The following figure (refer to fig. 7–10) depicts dependency of endurance in cycles on depth of discharge and tem- 7.6 Remarks to warranty management
perature.
Above mentioned information about battery performance and service life, particularly concerning the charging
procedure and the influence of temperature and cycling, affect terms of warranty as well.
In case of a warranty claim the customer/battery operator needs to prove the compliance of above mentioned
parameters with the allowed/recommended limits. Corresponding measurement logs have to be sent to the
battery manufacturer. These protocols shall clearly demonstrate that the service life of the affected battery has
not been shortened by the application and associated parameters.
The expected service life mentioned by the battery manufacturer is valid for operation under optimal conditions
only. Therefore, it is not possible to solely derive warranty claims from information on the expected service life
Cycle numbers n
provided by the manufacturer.
For special demanding operational conditions as well as for solar and off-grid applications the expected battery
service lifetime is heavily influenced by above mentioned operational conditions. In order to decide whether a
battery failure was caused by manufacturing defects or operational conditions, above mentioned parameters
need to be monitored and registered on a regular basis. These data have to be forwarded to the manufacturer
for further analysis.
HOPPECKE recommends the usage of a battery monitoring system for monitoring and logging of critical data.
Please contact your local HOPPECKE representative for information on HOPPECKE battery monitoring equipment
and accessories.
Depth of discharge (DoD) in %

sun | power VL at 20 °C sun | power VL at 25 °C sun | power VL at 30 °C
sun | power VL at 40 °C sun | power VL at 45 °C sun | power VL at 35 °C
Fig. 7–10: Endurance in cycles of sun | power VL (OPzS solar.power) depending on DoD and temperature
7.5.3 Electrolyte freezing point depending on depth of discharge (DoD)
The freezing point of the electrolyte (sulfuric acid) rises with increasing depth of discharge.
In case the battery is exposed to cold ambient temperatures (< -5 °C) the maximum depth of discharge has to
be decreased in order to avoid electrolyte freezing and potential damages of the cell jar. Fig. 7–11 shows an
example for this relation. Example: If depth of discharge is below 60% the operating temperature must not be
below -18.4 °C.
Freezing Point in °C
Depth of discharge (DoD)
Fig. 7–11: Electrolyte freezing point as a function of depth of discharge (DoD)
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
48 49
8 Battery maintenance 8.3 Cleaning of batteries
To ensure the reliability and longevity of your battery system, regular maintenance is required. Cleaning the batteries on a regular basis is necessary to maintain battery availability and to meet
Document the type and scope of maintenance work performed as thoroughly as possible. These accident prevention regulations.
records can be very helpful if troubleshooting is required and are a prerequisite for making war- Batteries should be cleaned at least once per year. Note the following points:
ranty claims. Danger! – While cleaning the batteries you must wear safety goggles and saftey clothes. To avoid electro-
static charges while handling the batteries your clothes, safety shoes and saftey gloves must
Regular maintenance work described here needs also to be done in case of using AquaGen® have a surface resistance of <= 10^8Ohm.
recombination systems. This includes check and if necessary adjustment of electrolyte levels.
– Do not use dry cleaning cloth.

8.1 Work to be performed every six months Danger!
Take the following measurements and record the measurement values:

1. Voltage of the complete battery system(on float charge). – Cell plugs or AquaGen®recombination system must not be taken of or opened for cleaning.
2. Individual voltage of selected cells or monobloc batteries (on float charge). Attention!
3. Electrolyte density of selected cells or monobloc batteries (approx. 20%) – T he AquaGen®recombination system has to be cleaned like the batterie cell/block by using a
4. Electrolyte temperature of selected cells or monobloc batteries. moist cotton- or paper towel.
5. Electrolyte level of the cells. Note: While charging – especially boost charge – the AquaGen®recombination system will heat
6. Ambient temperature. up. Therefore do not clean the AquaGen®recombination systems during boost charge.
Danger!
–P lastic parts of the batteries, especially the cell container, have to be cleaned with water or
8.2 Work to be performed annually water moistened cleaning cloth without additives.
– After cleaning the battery surface has to be dried with appropriate measures, like moist antista-
Take the following measurements and record the measurement values: tic cleaning cloth (e.g. cotton).
1. Voltage of the complete battery system(on float charge).
Note: In OSP.HC and OSP.XC battery cells deposits (streak formations) might buildup on the
2. Individual voltage of all cells or monobloc batteries(on float charge). inner surface of the cell jar. This occurs mainly in the area of the electrolyte level surface. These
3. Electrolyte density of all cells or monobloc batteries. deposits are caused by additves in the separators which are used as antioxidant to protect the
4. Electrolyte temperature of all cells or monobloc batteries. plastic material of the separator. Light washouts of this additives over battery service life cannot
5. Electrolyte level of all cells or monobloc batteries. be avoided. This fact has neither negative impact on the electric performance of the battery nor
6. Ambient temperature. on battery service life.
7. Perform a visual check of all screwed connectors.
8. Check all screwed connectors to make sure that they are firmly secured.
9. Visual check of battery racks or battery cabinets.
10. Check to make sure that the battery room is properly ventilated and deaerated.
Should the float charge voltage of any cell vary by more than +0.1 V or -0.05 V from the average
value (refer Chap. 6.2.5), perform an equalizing charge as a control measure or contact customer
service.
HOPPECKE recommends the use of a stationary battery monitoring system for the inspection of
relevant data. Please contact your local HOPPECKE representative for further information.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
50 51
9 Testing the battery system 9.2 Performing the capacity test (extended version)
9.1 Performing the capacity test (short form) Preperation

The best and quickest method for preparing batteries for testing is the IU charge method, also used for equa-
Perform tests in accordance with EN 60896-11 “Stationary leadacid batteries - Part 11: Vented lizing charges. Because it is possible to exceed the permitted load voltages, appropriate measures must be
types; General requirements and methods of tests.” In addition, note special test instructions, taken, e.g. disconnection of the consumers.
e.g. in accordance with DIN VDE 0100-710 and DIN VDE 0100-718. The IU characteristic curve with increased voltage (2.33 - 2.40 V) x number of cells is the most common char-
ging characteristic used for commissioning the batteries.
The following is the short form of the procedure for testing the actual capacity of your battery system. Also The charge is performed with a constant voltage of max. 2.33 V – 2.40 V/cell for up to 48 hours. The charge cur-
observe all instructions in Chap. 9.2. rent should not be higher than 20 A per 100 Ah nominal capacity If the elcetrolyte temperature of the cells/blocs
exceeds the maximum of 45 °C, terminate the charge or switch to float charge to allow the temperature to drop.
We recommend performing an equalizing charge on the battery system (as described in Chap.
6.2.5) before performing this test.
Perform the equalizing charge no more than 7 days in advance and no less than 3 days in
advance.
1. Make sure that all connections are clean, secure and noncorroded.
2. During normal battery operation, measure and record the following parameters:
– Electrolyte density.
– Voltage of each cell (or monobloc battery).
– Temperature of at least one out of every ten cells (monobloc batteries).
– Voltage of the complete battery system.
3. Interrupt the connection between the battery system that you wish to test and the charger and all consumers.
4. Prepare an adjustable load that you can connect to the battery system. The load current must correspond to
the maximum permitted current for which the battery is designed.
5. Prepare a shunt that you can connect in series with the load.
6. P repare the voltmeter so that you can test the total voltage of the battery.
7. Connect the load, the shunt and the voltmeter. Simultaneously start a time measurement.
8. Keep the load current constant and measure the voltage of the battery system in regular time intervals.
9. Check the row connectors (block connectors), step connectors and tier connectors for excessive heating.
10. Calculate the capacity of the battery system using the following formula:
Capacity [% at 20°C] = Ta/Ts) x 100
Ta = actual discharge time until the permitted minimum voltage is reached.
Ts = theoretical discharge time until the permitted minimum voltage is reached.
11. Reconnect the battery system as originally connected and perform a boost charge (see Chap. 5.13) Fig. 9–1: IU characteristic
W and I characteristic curves are also possible.

The charge voltages then increase to (2.60 to 2.75 V) x number of cells. Therefore, the consumers are normally
switched off. With the W or I characteristic curves, the charge currents are not limited until the charge voltage
reaches the gassing voltage of 2.40 V x number of cells.
At this point, the following limit values apply:
Charge current limit values above the gassing voltage of 2.40 V/cell per 100 Ah10.
Charging procedure Charge current Cell voltage

I characteristic curve 5.0 A/100 Ah 2.60 - 2.75 V/cell
W characteristic curve 7.0 A/100 Ah at 2.40 V/cell
3.5 A/100 Ah at 2.65 V/cell
Tab. 9–1: Charge current and cell voltage in relation to charging procedure
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
52 53
While charging up to 2.40 V the effective value of the superimposed alternating current is permitted to reach up 9.3 Capacity test of the battery
to 10 A/100 Ah nominal capacity (for a short time up to 20 A/100 Ah nominal capacity).
After recharging, when in standby parallel operation and floating operation, the effective value of the superim- Necessary accessories:
posed alternating current is not permitted to exceed 5 A/100 Ah nominal capacity. – Suitable electronic load or electrical resistance (with adjustable resistance value to adjust the discharge
The recharging time is 6-8 hours. Charging must be monitored and terminated or switched to float charge current or discharge load).
voltage when charging is complete. – Suitable current probe with sufficient precision for measuring the DC current or shunt for measuring the
The state of full charge is reached when the charge currents/charge voltages (depending on the charging pro- discharge current.
cedure) and the electrolyte densities no longer increase within a period of 2 hours.
– Voltage measuring device for measuring the electrical voltage.
– Thermometer for measuring the battery temperature.
– Clock for measuring the discharge time.
– Project planning data table for selecting the correct discharge current or the correct discharge power.
– Acid density measuring device for vented batteries with a measuring range of 1.10 kg/l – 1.29 kg/l.
Carry out the battery discharge in accordance with the regulations on performing capacity tests EN 60896–11.
The discharge current and the discharge power are selected according to the project planning data tables up to
a given final discharge voltage and the given potential of the existing loads.
Minimum precision requirements for the measuring devices (precision class):
For voltage measurement: 0.5

For current measurement: 0.5
For temperature measurement: 1 °C
For time measurement: 1%
Acid density (for vented batteries only) 0.005 kg/l
Tab. 9–2: Precision requirements for the measuring devices
During the capacity test, record the discharge current or discharge power, temperature, battery and cell-/block-
voltage and discharge time at intervals of 10 % of the discharge time. At least, record these values at 10%, 50%,
80% and 95% of the discharge time.
Terminate the discharge when the battery voltage has reached the value n x Uf where n is the number of cells
Fig. 9–2: IUIa characteristic and Uf is the selected final discharge voltage per cell.
Also terminate the discharge when a cell has reached a voltage of U = Uf – 200 mV or a monobloc battery with
n cells has reached a voltage of U = Uf – √ n x 200 mV.
The IUIa charging method is an even better method for preparing the batteries; it is a charge with an additional
constant current at the end of the charging. In contrast to the charge with constant voltage, in the last step, Example:
after IU charging, a constant charge current with 5 A/100 Ah is applied for 3 hours. The charge voltage can 13 cells 12 GroE 300
then increase up to 2.60 V to 2.75 V per cell. 5 h – capacity test
The W, I and IUIa characteristic curves result in increased gas generation; when using these characteristic End voltage of the battery = 23.40 V (for 13 cells)
curves, increased ventilation is required. Average voltage per cell = 1.80 V
minimum end voltage of individual cells = 1.60 V
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
54 55
Cell number Case A Case B Case C According to the DIN EN 60896-11 standard, the battery has passed the capacity test when 95% of the requi-
red power is attained in the first capacity test. After the 5th discharge, 100% of the required power must be
1 1.84 1.84 1.79
attained.
2 1.83 1.86 1.80 After discharging, a log must be made (see Inspection record).
3 1.83 1.87 1.81
4 1.84 1.87 1.80 When handling batteries (e.g. performing capacity tests) you must observe the safety require-
5 1.84 1.86 1.81 ments in accordance with IEC 62485-2 (insulated tools, protective eyewear, protective
clothing, gloves, ventilation, etc.)!
6 1.85 1.86 1.79 Attention!
7 1.69 1.87 1.78
8 1.84 1.86 1.80
9 1.83 1.59 1.81 10 Troubleshooting
10 1.85 1.84 1.81
If malfunctions occur in the battery or charger, contact customer service immediately.
11 1.84 1.85 1.80 Measured data as described in Chap. 8.1 simplifies fault detection and elimination.
12 1.84 1.85 1.79 A service contract with us facilitates the timely detection of faults.
13 1.85 1.85 1.79
Battery voltage 23.77 V 23.87 V 23.38 V
11 Required ventilation for hydrogen generated by batteries
Tab. 9–3: Measured cell voltages and total voltage after 95% of the discharge time has elapsed
Compliance with VDE 0510 Part 2 or IEC 62485-2 is required to ensure safe ventilation and prevent dangerous
mixtures of hydrogen and oxygen gases (hydrogen approx. 4 %).
Case A: a “weak cell”, passed capacity test, battery okay Two values form the basis of the equation: the maximum permissible hydrogen concentration in the air is 4%
Case B: a faulty cell, failed capacity test, battery not okay and the safety factor is 5. The equation can be derived accordingly:
Case C: all cells okay, failed capacity test, battery not okay.
The battery must be charged immediately following the capacity test. (Attenuation factor at maximum permissible hydrogen concentration)
The measured capacity C (Ah) at the average start temperature  is calculated as a product of the discharge
current (in A) and the discharge time (in hours).
As the battery capacity is dependent on the temperature, the measured battery capacity needs to be adjusted
for temperature. . (Quantiy of accumulated hydrogen per actual Ah capacity)
At temperatures higher than 20 °C nominal temperature, the battery capacity increases whereas the capacity
decreases at lower temperatures. If the average start temperature ℓ deviates 20 °C from the reference tempe-
rature, the capacity must be corrected. (safety factor)
The start temperature is used to carry out the temperature correction in accordance with the standard DIN EN
60896-11 using the equation [1]: .
C
Ca = [1]
1 +  (  - 20 °C)
This results in the total equation for the necessary ventilation in [m3/h]:
C = measured capacity
Qair = 0.05 x n x Igas x CN x 10–3
 = correction factor (with  = 0.006 for discharges >3 h and  = 0.01 for discharges ≤3 h)
Igas = Ifloat × fg × fs resp. Igas = Iboost × fg × fs
 = start temperature
Ca = corrected capacity Qair = Necessary ventilation/air flow rate [m3/h]
n = Number of cells
Ifloat = Proportion
of charge current in mA/Ah used for water dissociation on boost charge per 1 Ah nominal
capacity of the battery = 1 mA/Ah
Iboost = P
roportion of charge current in mA/Ah used for water dissociation on boost charge per 1 Ah nominal
capacity of the battery = 4 mA/Ah
CN = Nominal capacity of the battery (C10 capacity).
fg = Gas emissions factor. Proportion of the charge current responsible for hydrogen accumulation = 1
fs = Safety
factor which includes the potential for faults resulting from a damaged cell (possible short circuit)
and battery aging = 5
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
56 57
Beispiel 1: 12 Disassembly
A battery with 2 x 60 V (60 V nominal voltage), 4 OPzS 200 (200 Ah) is equivalent to 2 x 30 cells. The battery
is on float charge at 2.23 V per cell.
Observe all safety precautions for disassembly of the battery system (refer to chapter 0,1 and 2). This includes
among others personal safety equipment, protective clothing and usage of insulated tools.
CN = Nominal capacity of the battery = 200 Ah
n = Number of cells = 2 x 30 Cells Proceed in the following way:
fg = Gas emissions factor = 1 - Before starting ensure that all electrical loads are switched off (separators, fuses, switches). This must be
carried out by qualified personnel. Ensure that the battery is disconnected from all charging devices and
fs = Safety factor = 5
electrical loads.
Ifloat = 1 mA/Ah - If the electrolyte liquid is not at the max level (due to insufficient maintenance) adjust the electrolyte level to
Qair = 0.05 m3 x 2 x 30 Cells x 1 mA x 200 Ah x 1 x 5 x 10-3 the max marking before continuing any with further steps.
Ah Ah - If the battery system is equipped with HOPPECKE AquaGen®recombination systems or ceramic funnel plugs
remove these plugs according to the assembly and operating manual. Top up the cells/blocks with deminera-
Qair = 3 m3
Ah lized water to max level. Insert the original bayonet plugs with labyrinth inserts thereafter.
- For battery systems with nominal voltage > 60 V: Remove group-/step connectors first in order to divide
Result: For a 60 V battery composed of 2 x 30 cells 4 OPzS 200 operating on float charge, an airflow of 3 m3/h the battery system voltage in smaller partial voltages. Removed connector and post terminal bolts need to
is required for proper ventilation. be removed from the battery immediately. You must not use automatic screwdrivers for loosening the post
terminal bolts.
What is the appropriate diameter for intake and exhaust openings with natural ventilation? - Remove the connectors between cells/blocks. Removed connector and post terminal bolts need to be removed
The necessary cross-section for ventilation openings can be calculated using the following formula: from the battery immediately. You must not use automatic screwdrivers for loosening the post terminal bolts.
- Ensure that the battery cells/blocks are always positioned vertically during disassembly, packaging and trans-
A = Qair x 28 port. Avoid tilted position of the battery cells/blocks.
- Battery cells/blocks need to be packed according to ADR 598B. Visible damaged cells/blocks must be packed
Qair = Necessary ventilation /air flow rate [m3/h] (e.g. Paloxe) and transported separately. Refer also to chapter 1.4.
A = Necessary cross-section for ventilation openings [cm2]
A = 3 m3 x 28 = 84 cm2
h
Result: Ventilation openings (intake and exhaust) with a cross-section of 84 cm2 ensure ventilation with an
airflow of 3 m3/h.
What factors must be considered when installing a natural ventilation system?

If possible, the ventilation openings should be positioned on opposite walls. If they must both be on the same
wall, make sure to maintain a distance of at least 2 m between the openings.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
58 59
ZVEI information leaflet No. 1e
Edition September 2012
Instructions for the safe handling of

lead-acid accumulators (lead-acid batteries)
Cell voltage U (V) / block voltage U (V)
The REACH-regulation (1907

/2006/EC) has replaced the 2. Hazardous substances
directive on safety data sheets
Order number:
(91/155/EC). REACH CAS-No. Description Content R-phrases

Department:
describes the setting up and

updating of safety data sheets
Date:
for substances and

preparations. For articles – 7439-92-1 blue lead –
like lead-acid batteries –
safety data sheets are not
required. 7439-92-1 lead alloys with 34 Weight % –
traces of As,Sb
This leaflet addresses
manufacturers of batteries
lead-containing 31 Weight % R 61-20/22-33-
and is meant to apply
Battery paste 62-52/53
voluntarily.
The notes are meant to help 7664-93-9 sulphuric acid 34 Weight % R 35

to comply with legal require-
ments but do not replace
them.
3. Potential hazards
1. Substances / formulation No hazards in case of an intact - They have an internal

and company name battery and observation of the voltage, which – depending
instructions for use. on their level – can be
Data on the product dangerous to the human
Trade name Lead-acid batteries have body when touched.
significant characteristics:
Lead-acid battery - Standard EN 50272-2 1)
Total voltage of the battery U (V)
Battery/Number of the battery:
filled with - They contain diluted includes safety requirements

Factory number
diluted sulphuric acid sulphuric acid, which may for batteries and battery
Discharge capacity P (W)
cause servere acid burns. installations and describes

Inspection protocol
Equipment of testing:
Data on the manufacturer: the basic precautions to

Discharge current (A)
Discharge time (Min)
Temperature T (°C)
- During the Charging process protect against dangers

they develop hydrogen gas deriving from electric
Telephone: and oxygen, which unter currents, leaking gases or
Checked by:
Facsimile: certain circumstances may electrolytes.

turn into an explosive
mixture.
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Nr.
This leaflet was prepared by the Working Group on Environment and Occupational Health of the
ZVEI – German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturer’s Association
Installation, commissioning and operating instructions for vented stationary lead-acid batteries
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
1)
replaced by: IEC 62485-2
60
Batteries are marked with the following hazard symbols:
6. Measures to be taken in 8. Exposure limits and 11. Data on toxicology of the
case of unintentional personal protective constituents
The meaning of the hazard symbols is:
release equipments
Sulphuric acid
8.1 No exposure caused by lead and lead-containing battery
Cleaning / take-up procedures acts intensely corrosive on skin
No smoking, no open flames, no sparks. paste.
and mucous membranes. The
Use a bonding agent, such as 8.2 Possible exposure caused by sulphuric acid and acid mist inhalations of mists may cause
sand, to absorb split acid; during filling and charging. damage to the respiratory tract.
Wear safety goggles.
Use lime / sodium carbonate for CAS-Nr. 7664-93-9 Lead and lead-containing
neutralisation; dispose with due battery paste
R-phrases R – 35 Causes severe burns.
regard to the official local may cause damage to the blood,
Sulphuric acid. regulations, do not permit S-phrases S – 1/2 Keep looked up and out of nerves, and kidneys when taken
penetration into the sewage reach of children. in. Lead-containing battery paste
system, the earth or water is classified as toxic for
bodies. S – 26 In case of contact with eyes reproduction.
Observe operating instructions. rinse immediately with plenty
water and seek medical 12. Data on the ecology of the
advice. constituents
Explosive gas mixture. S – 30 Never add water to this
product (applies for Preliminary remark:
concentrated acid only Relevant only if release is
caused by destruction of the
battery
S – 45 In case of accident or if you
feel unwell seek medical Sulphuric acid
advice immediately (show the Water-polluting liquid within the
4. First-aid measures label where possible) meaning of the German Water-
Threshold value on workplace 0,1 mg/m *)
3 Resources Act (WHG) Water
General Information:
pollution class: 1 (mildly water
Sulphuric acid acts corrosive and damages Hazard symbol C, corrosive polluting).
tissue As described in section 6 use a
after contact with skin rinse with water, remove and wash Personal protective equipment: Rubber, PVC gloves, acid- bonding agent, such as sand, to
7. Handling and storage
wetted clothing proof goggles, acid-proof clothing, safety boots. absorb spilled acid or neutralise
Store frost-free under roof; 3) using lime / sodium carbonate.
after inhalation of acid inhale fresh air 0,5 mg/m3 at the lead battery production.
prevent short circuits. Dispose of under the locally
mist*) applicable provisions.
after contact with the rinse under running water for Protect plastic housings against Dispose with due regard to
eyes*) serveral minutes exposition to direct sun official local regulations,
radiation. 9. Physical and chemical 10. Stability and reactivity of
after swallowing*) drink a lot of water immediately, Do not allow progression into the
and swallow activated carbon properties sulphuric acid
Seek agreement with local water sewage system, soil or bodies of
(30 to 38,5%)
Lead-containing classified as toxic for reproduction authorities in case of larger water.
Lead
battery paste quantities. Appearance: – Corrosive, inflammable
after contact with skin clean with water and soap form: solid liquid.
If batteries have to be stored in Lead and lead-containing
colour: grey
storage rooms, it is imperative – Thermal decomposition at battery paste
odour: odourless
that the instructions for use are 338 ˚C. are hardly soluble in water.
*) seek the advice of a doctor. observed. Safety-related data – Destroys organic materials Lead can be dissolved in an
Solidification point: 327 ˚C such as cardboard, wood, acidic or alkaline environment.
Boiling point: 1740 ˚C textiles. Chemical and physical treatment
Solubility in water (25 ˚C): is required for elimination from
low (0,15 mg/l) – Reacts with metals water. Waste water containing
density (20˚C): 11,35 g/cm³ producing hydrogen. lead must not be disposed of in
5. Fire-fighting measures
vapour pressure (20 ˚C) – Vigorous reactions with lyes untreated condition.
Suitable extinguishing agents and alkalis.
When electrical devices are set in fire in general water is the suitable extinguishing Sulphuric acid (30 – 38,5 %)
agent. For incipient fires CO2 is the most effective agent. Fire brigades are trained form: liquid
to keep a distance of 1 m when extinguishing an electrical fire (up to 1 kV) with colour: colourless
spray jet and a distance of 5 m with full jet. For electrical fires in electrical odour: odourless
installations with voltages > 1 kV other distances are applicable depending on the
respective voltage. For fires in photovoltaic installations other rules apply. Solidification point:
– 35 bis – 60˚C
Unsuitable extinguishing agents
Boiling point: ca. 108 – 114 ˚C
Powder fire extinguishers are not suitable, amongst others because of only minor Solubility in water (25 ˚C):
efficiency, possible risks or collateral damages. complete
Special protective equipment density (20 ˚C): 1,2 – 1,3 g/cm³
For larger stationary battery installations or larger stored quantities: protective vapour pressure (20 ˚C)
goggles, respiratory and acid protective equipment, acid-proof clothing. 2/5 3/5
• UN-no.: 2794 • Hazard label: 8 • Packing Instruction P 801 a: The manufactures and sellers of
13. Recycling information • Proper shipping name: transport as dangerous 15. Marking the batteries subject to
• EmS: F-A, S-B
BATTERIES, WET, FILLED goods (packing in accu identification requirements
The points of sale, the • Special Provision 238 boxes) In accordance with the German (packaging, technical
tech
WITH ACID no. 1 + 2: no transport as
manufacturers and importers of or Special Provision VV 14: law governing the sale, return instructions, leaflets) shall
s be
batteries, respectively the metal • Packaging group: none dangerous goods (non- transport as dangerous and environmentally sound responsible for this information.
dealers take back dead • EmS: F-A, S-B spillable batteries are not goods (in bulk) disposal of batteries and
batteries, and render them to the subject to other requirements secondary cells (Batteries Act –
• Packaging Instruction: P 801 of IMDG Code if they meet the • Hazard label: 8
secondary lead smelters for Batteriegesetz, BattG) from 25 16. Other information
processing. • Hazard label: 8 requirements according to • ADR Tunnel restriction code: June 2009 (national
Special Provision 238. An E transposition of directive The data rendered above are
Spent lead-acid batteries are not Air transportation according appropriate manufacturer`s • Note: these references can be 2006/66/EC (battery directive) based on today's knowledge,
subject to accountability of the to IATA-DGR confirmation is necessary. applied by transportation of lead-acid batteries have to be and do not constitute an
German Waste Prove Batteries which do not meet Lead-acid
acid batteries of UN-no.
UN marked with a crossed-out assurance op properties.
• Class: 8 the requirements according to
Ordinance. They are marked 2800 as well. wheelie bin with the chemical Existing laws and regulations
with the recycling / return symbol • UN-no.: 2794 Special Provision 238 have to symbol for lead Pb shown have to be observed by the
and with a crossed-out roller • Proper shipping name: be packed as listed in 14.1 below. recipient pf the product in own
container (cf. chapter 15 BATTERIES, WET, FILLED Sea transportation IMDG responsibility.
"Marking"). WITH ACID Code according to Packaging
Instruction P 801 and carried
• Hazard class: 8 as dangerous goods
Spent lead-acid batteries are not
allowed to be mixed with other • Packaging Instruction: 870 according to UN 2794.)
batteries in order not to
compliance the processing. Air transportation according In addition, the ISO-return /
14.2 Batteries, wet, to IATA DGR recycling symbol is rendered.
By no means may the non-spillable • Hazard class: 8
electrolyte, the diluted sulphuric Land transportation according
acid, be emptied in an inexpert • UN-no.: 2800
to ADR/RID
manner. This process is to be • Proper shipping name:
carried out by the processing • Un-no.: 2800 BATTERIES, WET, NON-
companies. • Hazard class: 8 SPILLABLE The manufacturer, respectively
the importer of the batteries shall
• Proper shipping name: • Packing group: none
14. Transport instructions be responsible for the
BATTERIES, WET, NON- • Packaging Instruction: 872 attachment of the symbols. In
SPILLABLE
14.1 Batteries, wet, • Hazard label: 8 addition, a consumer / user
filled with acid • Packing group: none information on the significance
• Special Provision A 67: no
• Packaging Instruction: P 003 of the symbols has to be
transport as dangerous
attached, which is required by
Land transportation according • Hazard label: 8 goods (non-spillable batteries
the German Battery Ordinance
to ADR/RID • Special Provision 238 para. are not subject to other
quoted above as well as by the
• Special Provision 598: no a) + b): no transport as requirements of IATA DGR if
voluntary agreement of the
transport as dangerous dangerous goods (non- they meet the requirements of
battery manufactures concluded
goods (new + spent batteries spillable batteries are not Special Provision A 67.
with the German Federal
are not subject to other subject to other requirements Provided that poles are
Minister of the Environment in
requirements of ADR/RID if of ADR/RID if they meet the secured against short-circuit.
September 1988.
requirements according to An appropriate
they meet the requirements
special provision 238. An manufacturer`s confirmation
according to Special Provision
appropriate manufacturer`s is necessary. Batteries which
598)
confirmation is necessary. do not meet the requirements
• If the requirements of Special according to Special Provision
Provision 598 are not fulfilled Batteries which do not meet
the requirements according to A 67 have to be packed as
the transport of new and spent listed in 14.1 Air transportation
batteries has to be declared Special Provision 238 have to
be packed and carried as IATA-DGR according to
as dangerous goods as Packing Instruction 870 and
listed in 14.1 Land Editor:
follows: carried as dangerous goods
transportation ADR/RID ZVEI – Zentralverband Elektrotechnik-
Elektrotechnik und Elektronikindustrie e. V.
• Hazard class: 8 according to Special Provision according to UN 2794.) Fachverband Batterien
• UN-no.: 2794 598.) Lyoner Straße 9
60528 Frankfurt
• Naming and description:
Sea transportation according 14.3 Batteries, damaged:
BATTERIES, WET, FILLED
to IMDG Code Land transportation according 283
Fon.: +49 69 6302-283
WITH ACID
to ADR/RID Fax: +49 69 6302-362
362
• Packing group: none • Hazard class: 8 Mail: [email protected]
• UN-no.: 2800 • Hazard class: 8
• Hazard label: 8
• Proper shipping name: • UN-no.: 2794 © ZVEI 2012
• ADR Tunnel restriction code:
BATTERIES, WET, NON- • Proper shipping name: In spite of all due care, however, we cannot accept any liability
E
SPILLABLE BATTERIES, WET, FILLED that the information is complete or correct or up to date.
• Packing group: none WITH ACID
Sea transportation according
to IMDG Code • Packaging Instructions: P 003 • Packing group: none
• Hazard class: 8 and PP 16
4/5 5/5
5 Fire-fighting measures 8 Exposure limits and personal protective equipment
Suitable extinguishing agents Possible exposure caused by sulphuric acid and acid mist during filling
in case of surrounding fires: and charging:
Fachverband Batterien CO2 and solid existinguishing
Postfach 70 12 61 agent. Threshold value on workplace: 0,1 mg/m3 *
60591 Frankfurt am Main Personal protective equipment: Rubber, PVC gloves, acid-proof
Lyoner Straße 9 goggles, acid proof clothing
60528 Frankfurt am Main 6 Measures to be taken in safety boots
case of unintentional
Tel.: (0 69) 63 02-209 *)
0,5 mg/m3 at the lead battery production
release
Fax: (0 69) 63 02-279
e-mail: [email protected] Cleaning / take-up procedures: 9 Physical and chemical properties
Use a bonding agent, such as
sand, to absorb spilt acid; use Appearance
lime / sodium carbonate for neu- form: liquid
Information Leaflet tralisation, dispose with due colour: colourless
regard to the official local regu- odour: odourless
lations.
Safety data sheet on accumulator acid Safety-related data
solidification point: – 35 . . . – 60 ˚C
(diluted sulphuric acid) (in compliance with EC Directive 91/155/EU) 7 Handling and storage boiling point: approx. 108 . . . 114 ˚C
Solubility in water: complete
Store frost-free under roof. Seek flash point: N.A.
1 Substance / formulation and company name agreement with local water ignition temperature: N.A.
authorities in case of larger quan- lower explosive limit: N.A.
Data on the product: diluted sulphuric acid (1,22 . . . 1,29 kg/l) tities. Observe VAWS. densitiy (20 ˚C): (1.2 – 1.3) g/cm3
Trade name: accumulator acid vapour pressure (20 ˚C): 14.6 mbar
bulk density: N.A.
Data on the manufacturer: pH value: < 1 (at 20 ˚C)
dynamic viscosity: approx. 2.8 mPa . s (at 20 ˚C)
Telephone: Facsimile: 10 Stability and reactivity 12 Data on the ecology

of the sulphuric acid of the constituents
2 Composition / data on the constituents (30 . . . 38.5 %)
– Water-polluting liquid within
Chemical characteristics: – Corrosive, inflammable liquid. the meaning of the German
Sulphuric acid: 30 . . . 38,5%ig, densitiy 1,22 . . . 1,29 kg/l Water Resources Act
– Thermal decomposition at
CAS-Number: 7664-93-9 338 ˚C. – Water pollution class: 1
EU-Number: 016-020-00-8 (mildly water polluting).
UN-Number: 2796 – Destroys organic materials,
EINECS-Number: 231-639-5 such as cardboard, wood, – In order to avoid damage to
textiles. the sewage system, the acid
3 Potential hazards 4 First- aid measures has to be neutralised by
– Reacts with metals producing
means of lime or sodium
hydrogen.
Diluted sulphuric acid may cause General instructions: Remove soiled, wetted clothing carbonate before disposal.
severe acid burns immediately. – Vigorous reactions with lyes
– Ecological damage is
after contact to skin Rinse with a lot of water immediately and alkalis.
possible by change of pH.
after contact to skin.
after inhalation of acid mist *) Inhale fresh air.
after contact with the eyes *) Rinse under running water for 11 Data on the toxicology 13 Instructions for
several minutes. of the constituents processing / disposal
after swallowing *) Drink a lot of water immediately, – acts intensely caustic on skin – The batteries have to be pro-
and swallow activated carbon. and mocous membranes, in cessed / disposed of with re-
*) Seek the advice of a doctor.
low concentration already. gard to the official local regu-
This leaflet was prepared within the Committee on Environmental Affairs of the Division Batteries of the German The inhalation of mists may lations.
Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers’ Association, ZVEI. cause damage to the
(Revised Edition November 2003). respiratory tract.
1 2
Notes:
14 Transport regulations
Land transport: ADR chapter 3.2, UN 2796

RID chapter 3.2, UN 2796
Description of the goods: Battery, fluid, Acid

Danger number: 80
UN number: 2796
Sea transport: IMDG-Code chapter 3.2, UN 2796
Air transport: IATA-DGR chapter 3.2, sulphuric acid
Other data: Dispatch per mail service impermissible
15 Regulations
Marking according to German Regulations

on Hazardous Materials Identification requirement
Danger symbol C, corrosive
R-phrases 35 Causes severe burns.
S-phrases 1/2 Keep locked up and out
of reach of children
26 In case of contact with eyes rinse
immediately with plenty of water
and seek medical advice
*)
30 Never add water to this product
45 In case of accident or if you feel
unwell seek medical advice
immediately (show the label where
possible.
*) applies for concentrated acid only, and

not for refilling the battery with water
National regulations:
Water pollution class: 1 (list material)

Other regulations: To be observed in case of storage: German Water Resources Act
16 Miscellaneous data
The data rendered above are ba-

sed on today’s knowledge, and
do not constitute an assurance
of properties. Existing laws and
regulations have to be observed
by the recipient of the product in
own responsibility.
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
68 69
Notes: Notes:
7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018) 7140203152 V1.4 (09.2018)
70 71
All details in this brochure are based on state-of-the-art technology. Our products are subject to constant development. We therefore reserve the right to make changes.
Printed in Germany
7140203152 EN/09.18/1 K

P.O. Box 1140 · D-59914 Brilon · Germany Phone +49(0)2963 61-0 Email [email protected]
Bontkirchener Straße 1 · D-59929 Brilon Fax +49(0)2963 61-270 www.hoppecke.com

Installation, Commissioning and Operating Instructions: For Vented Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Installation, Commissioning and Operating Instructions: For Vented Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Installation, Commissioning and Operating Instructions: For Vented Stationary Lead-Acid Batteries

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Installation, commissioning and operating instructions

for vented stationary lead-acid batteries

Similar to the illustration, AquaGen® optional

Your team from

Head office address:

Type, Design, Print: PRIOTEX Medien GmbH, 59929 Brilon

© 2013 HOPPECKE Batterien GmbH & Co. KG

Personal health, batteries or the environment are at risk. Recycling

Risk of explosion or blast, splashing of hot or molten substances.

Risk of corrosion caused by leaking electrolyte. 0.1 General Information

Risk of electrical voltage.

GroE grid | power V X

OSP.HB grid | power V M

OSP.XC grid | power V H

Used batteries with this symbol have to be recycled.

3 Transport............................................................................................................................................ 19 7 Settings for charging HOPPECKE sun | power V L batteries..................................................................... 44

1.1 Safety precautions

If a battery system is not grounded… Danger!

If the delivery is incomplete or damaged as a result of shipping...

Observe all required safety measures to avoid electric shock.

The batteries can be delivered filled or unfilled.

available capacity [% C10]

4.2 Storage time

Safety distance d [mm]

Tab. 5–1: Demands on the erection site

5.2.1.1 Ventilation – preventing explosion

1) If AquaGen® recombination systems are applied Igas can be reduced by 50%.

Tab. 5–3: Electrolye density in kg/l at 20 °C

Screwdriver with insulated grip

Tab. 5–5: Equipment for installation

5.5 Rack Installation

5.7 Handling the batteries

5.9 Putting the cells/blocks into the racks

Fig. 5–12: Lubricated support profiles

Fig. 5–16: Using row connectors and step connectors

Fig. 5-15: Touch protection ring

5.15.1 Before the replacement of the cells/battery

5.13 Electrolyte level check

5.14 Electrolyte density adjustment

5.15.6 Adjustment of the electrolyte density

6.2 Charging – general

Superimposed alternating currents

Temperature-related adjustment of the charge voltage

High temperatures reduce the electrolyte density while lower temperatu-

Measuring electrolyte density - prerequisites

I characteristic curve 5.0 A 6.5 A 2.6 to 2.75 V/Cell

6.2.2 Float operation Type Float charge

Tab. 6–3: Float charge voltage

battery charge limited by battery fuse limited by battery fuse

<20 °C: -3 mV/K <20 °C: -3 mV/K

frequency/cycle, based on time period 40 days 40 days

7.4.2 Temperature influence on battery service life

provided by the manufacturer.

Depth of discharge (DoD) in %

sun | power VL at 40 °C sun | power VL at 45 °C sun | power VL at 35 °C

7.5.3 Electrolyte freezing point depending on depth of discharge (DoD)

Depth of discharge (DoD)

Fig. 7–11: Electrolyte freezing point as a function of depth of discharge (DoD)

– Do not use dry cleaning cloth.

– Do not use dry cleaning cloth.