Contemporary World 5.

Conflicts related to water and enforce the

protection of world heritage
Part 4

Contemporary Global Governance

THE GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM AND
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
CONTEMPORARY GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
 Bringing world together to solve big problems
of our time By now, it is obvious from previous discussion
 Problems that can’t be solved by regional or that the globalization requires some sort of global, or at
national level that need to be coordinated least international governance. The very rules of
among all countries globalization– specifically trade regulation are governed
 an efficient and effective way to resolve by global institutions such as WTO (world trade
international problems organization).

The term Global Governance lacks any accepted Its function clearly outline that “it is an
definition. As one analyst puts it: organization for trade opening. It is a forum for
government to negotiate trade agreements. It is a
“It is quite certain in most people’s minds that
place for them to settle trade disputes. It operates a
governance is not government. But beyond that
system of trade rules. Essentially, the WTO is a place
negative stance, the concept of global governance
where member governments try to sort out the trade
needs to be clarified, amplified and, if thought
problem they face with each other.” furthermore, the
desirable, made operational.
WTO claims to be capable of doing 10 specific things”.
according to Oran Young:
1. Cut living costs and rise living standard.
Global governance is the establishment and operation 2. Settled disputes and reduce trade tensions.
of social institution that is capable of resolving conflicts, 3. Stimulate economic growth and employment.
facilitating cooperation, or, more generally, alleviating 4. Cut the costs of doing business internationally.
collective action problems in a world of interdependent 5. Encourage good governance.
actors. 6. Help countries develop
7. Give the weak a stronger voice
Young’s definitions properly direct our attention to the 8. Support the environment and health.
interdependence nature of decision making and the 9. Contribute a peace and stability; and.
attempts of actors to “manage” or produce more 10. Be effective without heating the headline
“orderly” responses to common problems.
International Organization
MULTI-LATERAL PRINCIPLE  It is one thing that includes members from
 Every country has one vote. Every country has more than one nation. Some International
an equal right to speak. organizations are very large, such as business
Government Governance corporations, others are small and dedicated to
Militaries and forces Rules, institutions, and a specific purpose, such as conservation of a
practices that sets limits species. Many International Organization are
on the behavior of Intergovernmental.
individuals, organization,
and companies. INTERGOVERNMENTAL
Rape Date Rape  Intergovernmental Organization form as
Politically correct way to multiple Governments from an International
govern a world organization.
 There are 300 Intergovernmental organization
around the world and the United Nation is the
CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE IN 21ST largest and most familiar.
CENTURY  In 1945 at the end of World War II,
By IRINA BOKOVA, general director of UNESCO Governments wanted to avoid wars so they
formed UN.
1. Climate change, poverty, violence, conflicts,
intolerance and extremism UNITED NATION GOAL
2. Attacks on cultural rights and heritage  UN’s main goal is to keep PEACE
3. Improve the standing and participation of women in  UN’s peacekeeping mission- is when
all sectors.  it sends representative to countries and regions
4. Peace-building in conflict

UN SEVERAL SPECIALIZED SUBGROUPS

World Health Organization (WHO)  To be the most Powerful
 It is responsible for giving direction on
International health issues, setting standards,
and providing information for Governments to
make Decision.

World Bank According to UN;

 It is a bank for Nations, not people
 SA consist of 15 member state and GA elects 10
WORLD BANK TWO SEPARATE GROUPS out of that 15 for two years term while the
1. The International Development Association other 5 sometimes reffered to as Permanent 5
 It provides loans to the world’s poorest (P5)
countries.
2. The International Bank  They are; China, France, Russia, United
 It is for Reconstruction and Development, gives Kingdom, and United States
loans to Developing countries. Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)

United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural  The principal body for coordination, policy
Organization (UNESCO) review, policy dialogue, and Recommendations
 It focused on culture on Social and Environmental Issues, as well as
the implementation of internationally agreed
International Court of Justice (ICJ) development goals.
 Focused on Justice and law
International Court of Justice
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
(UNHCR)  To settle, in accordance with International law,
 Focused on Immigration Legal disputes submitted to it by states and to
give advisory opinions referred to it by
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) authorized United Nation Organs and
 It is a Defense organization, Nations who specialized agencies
promised to support each other during times of
conflict. Did you know that Filipinos played a SIGNIFICANT ROLE
in the creation of Human Rights Arbitration Rules in the
Organization of Petroleum Exporting countries (EPEC) United Nations?
 A Group of 12 nations that exports Oil. It
includes many members from Middle East, The Secretariat
African Nations, South American Nations.  It consists of the Secretary-General and tens of
thousands of international UN staff members
Michael N. Bernett & Martha Finnemore who carry out the Day-to-Day work of the UN as
POWER OF IOS mandated by the General Assembly and the
 IOs have the power of classification organization’s other principal organs.
 IOs have the power to fix Global governance is such a complex issue that one can
 IOs have the power to refuse norms actually teach an entire course in itself. This lesson has
Because of the immense power, IOs can be sources of focus on the IOs and the united nation in particular.
great good and great harm. International organization are highlighted because they
are the most visible of global governance. The UN, in
THEY can promote relevant norms. particular, is the closest to the world government. What
 Environment protection is important to remember that international institution
 Human Right like the UN are always in a precarious position.
UN ACTIVE ORGANS
 The inflow of capital from the developed countries
General Assembly (GA) is the prerequisite for establishment of economic
 UN’s main deliberative policy making and dependence. This inflow takes various forms: loans
representative organ. granted on onerous terms, investment; almost total
 Although GA is the most representative technological subordination of the dependent
organization in the Un, many commentators country to the developed country.
considered
 CARLOS P. ROMULO
General assembly president  Samir Amin describes the world as an entity divided
1949-1950 into developed and underdeveloped countries.
Security Council (SC)
 The underdeveloped economy may appear as being
made of several atoms of this type.
 Atoms – refer to industries and business which
prop-up the import-dependent, export-oriented
economy of many developing countries design to
suit the needs of developed and capital rich
countries.

Factors That Worsen Developing Countries Dependency

On the Developing Countries Includes:

1. Urban Development
2. Increase in administrative expenditure
3. Changed in the structures of income
distribution
4. Inadequate industrial development