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    Practical No. 9 (CBR)

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    slawek780303
    This document describes the procedure for determining the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of a soil sample. The CBR test measures the load-bearing capacity of soil by applying a standardized penetrative force to a prepared soil sample and recording the penetration. Key steps include compacting a soil sample to a specified density/moisture, placing it in a CBR mold, and pushing a piston into the sample at 1mm/min while measuring the penetration force. The CBR is calculated by expressing the measured forces at 2.5mm and 5mm penetrations as percentages of standard forces for a crushed gravel material. This provides an index of how the soil compares to crushed gravel in terms of supporting roadways.

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    Practical No. 9 (CBR)

    Uploaded by

    slawek780303
    102 views5 pages
    This document describes the procedure for determining the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of a soil sample. The CBR test measures the load-bearing capacity of soil by applying a standardized penetrative force to a prepared soil sample and recording the penetration. Key steps include compacting a soil sample to a specified density/moisture, placing it in a CBR mold, and pushing a piston into the sample at 1mm/min while measuring the penetration force. The CBR is calculated by expressing the measured forces at 2.5mm and 5mm penetrations as percentages of standard forces for a crushed gravel material. This provides an index of how the soil compares to crushed gravel in terms of supporting roadways.

    Original Title

    PRACTICAL NO. 9 (CBR) (1)

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    This document describes the procedure for determining the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of a soil sample. The CBR test measures the load-bearing capacity of soil by applying a standardized penetrative force to a prepared soil sample and recording the penetration. Key steps include compacting a soil sample to a specified density/moisture, placing it in a CBR mold, and pushing a piston into the sample at 1mm/min while measuring the penetration force. The CBR is calculated by expressing the measured forces at 2.5mm and 5mm penetrations as percentages of standard forces for a crushed gravel material. This provides an index of how the soil compares to crushed gravel in terms of supporting roadways.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    102 views5 pages

    Practical No. 9 (CBR)

    Uploaded by

    slawek780303
    This document describes the procedure for determining the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of a soil sample. The CBR test measures the load-bearing capacity of soil by applying a standardized penetrative force to a prepared soil sample and recording the penetration. Key steps include compacting a soil sample to a specified density/moisture, placing it in a CBR mold, and pushing a piston into the sample at 1mm/min while measuring the penetration force. The CBR is calculated by expressing the measured forces at 2.5mm and 5mm penetrations as percentages of standard forces for a crushed gravel material. This provides an index of how the soil compares to crushed gravel in terms of supporting roadways.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    PRACTICAL NO.

    9
    DETERMINATION OF THE CALIFORNIA BEARING
    RATIO OF A SOIL (CBR)

    GENERAL:

    This test is carried out to determine the strength of a soil and its load bearing
    capacity for road design purposes only. The test is not relevant in other areas
    of soil mechanics. The principle of the test is to determine the relationship
    between the required force and penetration when a cylindrical plunger is
    made to penetrate a soil at a given rate.

    The standard requires that the following test conditions be specified before a
    test is started;
    (a) the method of preparation of each test
    (b) the density and moisture content to be achieved
    (c) whether the test is to be carried out on one end or both ends
    (d) whether a test is required on the specimen in a soaked condition
    (e) the amount of surcharge to be applied to the specimen.

    SAMPLE PREPARATION:

    The sample is prepared in accordance with one of the six methods specified
    in BS 1377 Part 4. These include static compaction using a compression
    machine and dynamic compaction using the 2.5 kg and 4.5kg rammers and
    the vibrating hammer.

    APPARATUS:

    1. a CBR testing machine for applying the test force through the metal
    plunger at a controlled rate of 1mm/min. The plunger should have a
    cross-sectional area of 1935mm 2.
    2. a calibrated force measuring device
    3. a stopclock
    4. a CBR mould
    5. surcharge discs for simulating the weight of the pavement layers
    above the subgrade.

    TEST PROCEDURE:

    1. Place the CBR mould containing the prepared specimen into the
    testing machine and bring the face of the plunger into contact with the
    exposed top surface of the soil. Apply a seating force.
    2. Set the penetration dial gauge and the force measuring dial gauge to
    zero.

    3. Start the test so that the plunger penetrates the sample at a uniform
    rate of 1mm/min. Record the readings of the force dial gauge at penetration
    intervals of 0.25 mm to a total penetration of 7.5mm.

    4. If the test is to be carried out on both ends, fill the indentation with soil,
    invert the sample and repeat the procedure on the underside.

    5. After completion of the test, take a sample for determination of the


    moisture content.

    RESULTS:

    1. Complete the table of results. Plot the dial gauge readings


    against penetration and draw a smooth curve through the points. The
    normal curve is convex upwards. If the initial portion of the curve is
    concave upwards, a correction must be applied (see BS 1377 Part 4).

    2. Penetrations of 2.5mm and 5mm are used for calculating the CBR.
    The dial gauge readings for these penetrations are converted to forces
    using the proving ring calibration chart. These forces are expressed as
    a percentage of the standard forces required for the same penetrations
    into a standard crushed gravel material. These standard forces are as
    follows;

    Force required for 2.5mm penetration into standard crushed gravel =


    13.2kN
    Force required for 5.0mm penetration into standard crushed gravel =
    20kN

    The higher ratio is taken as the CBR for the top of the sample. If the
    bottom of the sample has been tested the above calculations are
    repeated and the average CBR for the top and bottom is recorded.

    CALIBRATION CHART FOR 2.8 kN PROVING RING


    Load Dial gauge
    (N) reading
    300 182.1
    400 242.7
    600 365.7
    800 490.1
    1000 616.7
    1200 742.7
    1600 996.8
    2000 1252.1
    2400 1516.9
    2800 1780.8

    CALIBRATION CHART FOR 10kN PROVING RING

    Load Dial gauge


    (kN) reading
    1.0 115.5
    2.0 231.0
    3.0 344.7
    4.0 460.1
    5.0 577.0
    6.0 694.7
    7.0 811.1
    8.0 933.1
    9.0 1050.1
    10.0 1173.8

    Penetration Top dial Force Bottom dial Force Standard force


    (mm) gauge (Top) gauge reading (Bottom) (kN) (kN)
    reading (kN)
    0.25
    0.5
    0.75
    1.0
    1.25
    1.5
    1.75
    2.0
    2.25
    2.5 13.2kN
    2.75
    3.0
    3.25
    3.5
    3.75
    4.0
    4.25
    4.5
    4.75
    5.0 20kN
    5.25
    5.5
    5.75
    6.0
    6.25
    6.5
    6.75
    7.0
    7.25
    7.5

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