Renaissance Revival Interiors: Renaissance Villa Farnese Balustrading
Renaissance Revival Interiors: Renaissance Villa Farnese Balustrading
Renaissance Revival Interiors: Renaissance Villa Farnese Balustrading
True Renaissance: The Villa Farnese: the curved staircase, tall segmented windows, and
marble balustrading were all features frequently reproduced in the 19th century revival.
As mentioned above, the Neo-Renaissance style was in reality an eclectic blending of past
styles, which the architect selected on the whims of his patrons. In the true Renaissance era
there was a division of labour between the architect, who designed the exterior highly visible
shell, and others—the artisans—who decorated and arranged the interior.[9] The original Italian
mannerist house was a place for relaxation and entertaining, convenience and comfort of the
interior being a priority; in the later Baroque designs, comfort and interior design were secondary
to outward appearance. This was followed by the Neoclassical period, which gave importance to
the proportions and dignity of interiors, but still lost the comfort and internal convenience of the
mannerist period. It was during the Neo-Renaissance period of the 19th century that the
mannerist comforts were re-discovered and taken a step further. Not only did the improved
building techniques of the 1850s allow the glazing of formerly open loggias and arches with the
newly invented sheets of plate glass, providing the first "picture windows", but also the blending
of architectural styles allowed interiors and exteriors to be treated differently. It was at this time
that the concept of "furnishing styles" manifested itself, allowing distinctions to be made between
interior rooms and external appearances, and indeed between the various rooms
themselves.[9] Thus the modern concept of treating a room individually, and differently from its
setting and neighbours, came into its infancy. Classic examples of this are the great Rothschild
house in Buckinghamshire, hybrids of various Renaissance chateaux, and 16th century English
country houses, all with interiors ranging from "Versailles" to "Medici", and in the case of
Mentmore Towers a huge central hall, resembling the arcaded courtyard of a Renaissance villa,
conveniently glazed over, furnished in Venetian style and heated by a fireplace designed
by Rubens for his house in Antwerp[10]
Legacy[edit]
By the beginning of the 20th century Neo-Renaissance was a commonplace sight on the main
streets of thousands of towns, large and small around, the world. In southern Europe the Neo-
Renaissance style began to fall from favour circa 1900. However, it was still extensively practiced
in the 1910s in Saint Petersburg and Buenos Aires by such architects as Leon Benois, Marian
Peretyatkovich, or Francisco Tamburini (picture).
In England it was so common that today one finds "Renaissance Italian Palazzi" serving as
banks or municipal buildings in the centres of even the smallest towns. It has been said "It is a
well-known fact that the nineteenth century had no art style of its own."[11] While to an extent this
may be true, the same could be said of most eras until the early 20th century, the Neo-
Renaissance in the hands of provincial architects did develop into a style not always instantly
recognisable as a derivative of the Renaissance. In this less obvious guise the Neo-Renaissance
was to provide an important undercurrent in totalitarian architecture of various countries, notably
in Stalinist architecture of the Soviet Union, as seen in some pavilions of the All-Soviet Exhibition
Centre.
Neo-Renaissance architecture, because of its diversity, is perhaps the only style of architecture
to have existed in so many forms, yet still common to so many countries.
Provincial Neo-Renaissance English style: the NatWest Bank at Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire,
England is an example of the manner in which Neo-Renaissance architecture evolved among
lesser architects in more modest surroundings as it gained in popularity
First Congregational Church in Toledo, Ohio, 2019, built in the Italian Renaissance style and
featuring windows created by Louis Comfort Tiffany
Neo-Renaissance-styled Kuopio Town Hall from 1886, designed by F. A. Sjöström and Josef
Stenbäck