Antiochus XII Dionysus Epiphanes Philopator Callinicus (
Antiochus XII Dionysus Epiphanes Philopator Callinicus (
Ἐπιφανής Φιλοπάτωρ Καλλίνικος; between 124 and 109 BC – 82 BC) was a Hellenistic Seleucid
monarch who reigned as King of Syria between 87 and 82 BC. The youngest son of Antiochus VIII
and, most likely, his Egyptian wife Tryphaena, Antiochus XII lived during a period of civil war
between his father and his uncle Antiochus IX, which ended with the assassination of Antiochus VIII in
96 BC. Antiochus XII's four brothers laid claim to the throne, eliminated Antiochus IX as a claimant,
and waged war against his heir Antiochus X.