Pi Day

What is Pi day?
 Pi Day is an annual celebration of the mathematical constant π. Pi Day is observed
on March 14 since 3, 1, and 4 are the first three significant digits of π. Every year on
March 14, the world celebrates Pi Day to recognize the mathematical constant, Pi. It
defines as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter and
the value for Pi is 3.14. diameter and its value is 3.14. The day was
recognized in 1988 by physicist Larry Shaw as he organized a
large-scale celebration at the San Francisco Exploratorium in the
United States. In 2019, Unesco’s 40th General Conference decided
to observe Pi Day as the International Day of Mathematics. For
people who follow the month/date format, March 14 represents the
value of Pi. March is the third month of the year, which is also the
initial number of the value. The following number is 14, hence the
March 14 date. Maths enthusiasts across the world hold fun events
on this day to mark the celebrations. They also eat pie as part of the
celebrations due to the words being homophones in English (Pi and Johann Lambert, the
Pie) and circular shape. Swiss mathematician
was the first to prove
Origins of Pi that pi was an
irrational number.
 While the origins of π are not known for certain, we know that the
Babylonians approximated π in base 60 around 1800 B.C.E. The
definition of π centers around circles. It’s the ratio of the circumference of a circle to
its diameter—a number just a little
bit bigger than three.
 As for π itself, Johann Lambert showed in 1761 that π is an irrational number, and
later, in 1882, Ferdinand von Lindemann proved that π is not a solution to any
polynomial equation with integers. However, many questions about π remain
unanswered.

Experimenting with Pi
 The constant π helps us understand our universe with greater clarity. The definition
of π inspired a new notion of the measurement of angles, a new unit of measurement.
This important angle measure is known as “radian measure” and gave rise to many
important insights in our physical world.
 Any discussion of the origins of pi must begin with an experiment involving circles
that we can all try. Take any circle at all and take the length of the circumference—
which is the length around—and measure it in terms of the diameter, which is the
length across. You will end up with three diameters and just a little bit more, and if
you look closely, it’s a little bit more than 1/10 of the way extra. This experiment
shows us that that ratio of the circumference to the diameter is going to be a number
that’s around, or a little bit bigger than, 3.1. No matter what the size of the circle is,
the circumference is slightly greater than three times its diameter.
 The circumference of a circle is slightly more than three
times as long as its diameter. The exact ratio is called π.

 This fixed, constant value was given a

name, and we call it π. How do we say
it more precisely? The number π is
defined to equal the ratio of the
circumference of any circle to its
diameter across. This ratio is constant.
No matter what size of the circle we try
this with, that number will be always
the same. It begins 3.141592653589,
and it keeps going.

 The symbol π comes from the Greek

letter π, because the Greek word for
“periphery” begins with the Greek
letter π. The periphery of a circle was
the precursor to the perimeter of a
circle, which today we call
circumference. The symbol π first appears in William Jones’s 1709 text A New
Introduction to Mathematics, and the symbol was later made popular by the great
18th-century Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler around 1737.

Moving from its name to its value, evidence exists that the Babylonians approximated π in
base 60 around 1800 B.C.E. In fact, they believed that π = 25/8, or 3.125—an amazing
approximation for so early in human history. The ancient Egyptian scribe Ahmes, who is
associated with the famous Rhind Papyrus, offered the approximation 256/81, which works
out to be 3.16049. Again, we see an impressive approximation to this constant. There’s even
an implicit value of π given in the Bible. In 1 Kings 7:23, a round basin is said to have 30-
cubit circumference and 10-cubit diameter. Thus, in the Bible, it implicitly states that π
equals 3 (30/10). Not surprisingly, as humankind’s understanding of numbers evolved, so did
its ability to better understand and thus estimate π itself. In the year 263, the Chinese
mathematician Liu Hui believed that π = 3.141014. Approximately 200 years later, the
Indian mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata approximated π with the fraction
62,832/20,000, which is 3.1416—a truly amazing estimate. Around 1400, the Persian
astronomer Kashani computed π correctly to 16 digits.

Why is Pi called Pi?

 It was first called "pi" in 1706 by [the Welsh mathematician] William Jones, because
pi is the first letter in the Greek word perimitros, which means "perimeter”.

Applications of Pi

Pi is one of the most extremely useful and fundamental quantities we know of. It is defined as
the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.
The application of Pi in real life include several areas like Geometry, Science, Trigonometry
and Nature, etc.
  Science
Formulae from other branches of science also include π in some of their important formulae,
including sciences such as statistics, fractals, thermodynamics, mechanics, cosmology,
number theory, and electromagnetism.
It's also used to measure how fast and how powerful a computer is; because they can use it to
check its accuracy and if there is any problems in its software or hardware.

 Trigonometry
It is also used to get the value of trigonometry function like sine, cosine, tangent...etc. It
can measure circular velocity of things like truck wheel, motor shafts, engine parts, gears,
and it also measures of Ac voltage across a coil and a capacitor in fact they have a filter with
a special name to it because it does not like high frequency but let the low frequency in ;you
guess it the Pi filter .

 Nature
Using pi, it can measure things like ocean wave, light waves, sound waves, river bends,
radioactive particle distribution and probability like the distribution of pennies, the grid of
nails and mountains by using a series of circles.

Some examples of daily uses of Pi:

1) Electrical engineers used pi to solve problems for electrical applications
2) Statisticians use pi to track population dynamics
3) Medicine benefits from pi when studying the structure of the eye
4) Biochemists see pi when trying to understand the structure/function of DNA
5) Physicists looking into the behavior of fluid ripples see pi and use it in their calculations
6) Clock designers use pi when designing pendulums for clocks
7) Aircraft designers use it to calculate areas of the skin of the aircraft
8) Signal processing and spectrum analysis (finding out what frequencies are in the wave you
are using) uses pi since the fundamental period of a sine wave is 2*pi.
9) Navigation, such as global positioning (GPS)
10) Calculating the number of deaths in a population
11) Solving Mathematics problems in Geometry like finding the area of circle etc.

Some formulas used in Mathematics that includes Pi:

~The circumference of a circle with radius r is 2πr.

~The area of a circle with radius r is πr2.

~The volume of a sphere with radius r is 4/3πr3.

~The surface area of a sphere with radius r is 4πr2.

Common Questions About the Number Pi

Q: What is the full and exact number Pi?

 Many equations represent Pi in its entirety, but as it is an irrational number, its

decimal representation beginning with 3.14159… keeps going forever, at least when
calculated.
Q: How do you calculate Pi?

 There are many ways to calculate Pi, but the standard method is to measure the
circumference of a circle with string or tape, measure the diameter with a ruler, and
divide the circumference by the diameter. Pi = Circumference / Diameter.

Q: Does Pi ever end?

 It is not known whether Pi can end; there is only theory, which so far, cannot prove
or disprove Pi ending or being infinite.

Q: Who invented Pi?

 Technically, no one invented Pi. It was always there as a ratio of a circle’s

circumference to its diameter. It is known to have been calculated as far back as
ancient Sumer, and the Rhind Papyrus from ancient Egypt shows Pi calculated to
3.1605.

Fun facts about Pi:

1) Pi is an irrational number. If calculated the number value can go on forever.

2) We can never know the accurate circumference of a circle as the exact value of Pi can
also never be calculated.
3) Pi Day also coincides with the birth anniversary of scientist Albert Einstein. Widely
renowned theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking died on this day in 2018.
4) Mathematician Isaac Newton, who is also the father of calculus, calculated the value of Pi
to at least 16 decimal places.
5) There is an entire language made from Pi. In 2010, software engineer Michael Keith
published a book names 'Not a Wake' in Pi language.