PART 5

pearl(s) of wisdom wise remarks, used esp when you really think that sb’s remarks are slightly stupid
anthropologist nhà nhân chủng học
hallmark a typical characteristic of sb or sth
trait a particular quality in sb’s character
stance a position in which you stand
existential relating to the existence of human
contemplative spending lots of time thinking seriously
cerebral cortex part of brain
compound make a situation worse by adding more problems
→ compound challenges, problems, difficulty
trade – off n. a balance between 2 opposite things
utility the quality of being useful
mismatch a combination of things that do not match with each other
encounter experience sth, esp difficulties or problems
impulse a sudden strong desire to do sth
impose have a bad effect on sb, cause problems for them
hurdle obstacle
aspire desire and work towards achieving sth
primate bộ linh trưởng
predecessor ancestor, forefather
abandon stop doing sth bc there are too many problems
scarcity lack of sth
sculpt make a particular shape from stone, wood, clay etc
forebear ancestor
scourge sth that cause lots of harm
abound exist in very large number
peerless better than any other
fusiform gyrus thùy chẩm
fine – tune make very small changes to sth so that it works as well as possible
reign supreme to be the best or the most important
correlate if two or more facts, ideas etc correlate or if you correlate them, they are closely
connected to each other or one causes the other
constrain limit sth → unconstrained
hominid a human being
invidious unpleasant, esp bc it is likely to offend ppl or make you unpopular
absolute n. valid circumstance

PART 6
lines of evidence
jab injection
wide – ranging a. including a wide variety of sth
get to the bottom of sth find out the cause of the problem
implication a possible future effect or result of an action, event etc
overdue (sth) should have happened a long time ago → long overdue
abate become less strong, decrease
tuberculosis lao phổi
susceptibility how easily sb is affected by sth
eczema bệnh chàm
asthma hen suyễn
harness control sth
the cornerstone of sth the basic part of sth
microbe = microorganism (microscopic organism)
vaccine syringe
immunology the scientific study of the prevention of disease n how the body reacts to disease
milieu n. (plr: milieux) môi trường xã hội (yếu tố ngoại cảnh)
latch onto (esp. of living things) to become firmly attached to sb or sth
daughter cell tế bào con sau phân chia
end product sth that is produced by an activity, esp by an industrial process
innate an innate quality or ability is sth you are born with ( =inherited)
untoward unexpected, unusual, or not wanted ex: anything/nothing untoward
pathogen sth that causes disease in your body (=germ)
preliminary to happening before sth that is more important, often in order to prepare for it
cross-reactivity the reactivity of an observed agent which initiates reactions outside the expected
reaction
vanquish to defeat completely
broadly speaking
parasitic = parasitical caused by or relating to a parasite
tip the balance/scales to cause a change, esp. in making sth more likely to happen
maximise the benefit
line of enquiry a set of questions that you are trying to answer through reading and research
whooping cough ho gà

PART 7
apprehension worry abt the future/a fear that sth unpleasant is going to happen = trepidation
compelling thuyết phục.
comical funny in a strange/silly way.
far-reaching has a great influence on many ppl or things
synthesize to put separate facts, etc. together to form a single piece of work (xâu chuỗi).
discipline a particular area of study.
make one's head spin to make sb feel confused / dizzy.
locavore a person who only eats food that is grown or produced in their local area.
proponent = advocate / supporter.
reach sb's ears hear abt sth or find out abt sth
commander in chief tổng tư lệnh
(spark a) spate of sth a large number of similar things that happen in a short period of time, esp bad
things
activism use of direct n noticeable action to achieve a result, usually a political/social one
coin to invent a new word or expression
peg sb as to say/believe sb/sth has particular qualities.
arduousness the quality of being difficult and so needing a lot of effort and energy to do.
prodigious extremely great in ability, amount, or strength (=thiên tài)
reams of information a very large amount of info
repertoire of the total number of things that sb or sth is able to do
reaffirm confirm the validity or correctness of (sth previously established) = reiterate
stultifying so boring that you feel as though you are losing your ability to think
in lesser hands sb/sth that is subpar or less experienced.
strident forceful and determined, esp in a way that is offensive or annoying
multitude of a large number of ppl or things
crusader sb who makes a determined effort to achieve or stop sth bc of their strong beliefs.
be versed in sth hiểu biết sâu rộng về sth.
seamlessly = perfectly
wedded to sth believing strongly in sth
conjure sth up to make a picture or idea appear in sb's mind
permutation one of several different forms
excretion the process of getting rid of waste material from your body
slapstick humorous acting in which the performers fall over, throw things at each other etc
assortment of a mixture of different things or of various kinds of the same thing
harried worried and angry, esp bc ppl keep wanting things from you.
wont to do likely to do
repast a meal

root noun adj verb adverb

ancestral a. ancestor n.

stance n. stand

existential a. (non)existent, existing, exist, coexist

pre-existing

utility n. use use, utilize

mismatch n. match

impose v. position pose

predecessor n. decease v.

scarcity n. scarce scarcely

sculpt v. sculpture

abound v. abundance abundant

fine - tune v. tune

invidious a. envious

correlate v. correlation relate

unconstrained a. constrain

hominid n. homine

wide - ranging a. range

susceptibility n. susceptible

implication n. imply, implicate

overdue a. (un)due unduly

microbe ( n.) - microorganism microbial

- microbiology

immunology (n.) - immunologist - immunological immunize

- immunization - immune (to)
- immunity

innate (adj.) innateness

pathogen (n.) - pathogenesis pathogenic

- pathogenicity

germ (n.) - germicide - germinal

- germination - germy
preliminary (adj.) prelim

vanquish (v.) unvanquished

parasitic (adj.) - parasite parasitical

- parasitism

enquiry (n.) enquire = inquire

apprehension (n.) misapprehension - (mis)apprehensive apprehend apprehensively

- apprehensible

trepidation (n.) intrepidity - intrepid tremble intrepidly

- trepid

compelling (adj.) compel compellingly

synthesize (v.) synthesis ( plr.n: synthetic synthetically

syntheses)

discipline (n.) - disciple - disciplinary

- disciplinarian - multidisciplinary

arduousness (n.) ardor arduous

prodigious (adj.) prodigy Prodigiously

reaffirm (v.) reaffirmation

stultifying (adj.) stultify stultifyingly

strident (adj.) stridency

multitude (n.) multitudinous

crusader (n.) crusade crusade

Seamlessly (adv.) seamlessness seamless

Conjure (v.) conjurer

excretion (n.) excretory excrete

assortment (n.) assorted assort

harried (adj.) harry